CN107493600B - Massive MIMO communication device and synchronization method - Google Patents
Massive MIMO communication device and synchronization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107493600B CN107493600B CN201610410919.7A CN201610410919A CN107493600B CN 107493600 B CN107493600 B CN 107493600B CN 201610410919 A CN201610410919 A CN 201610410919A CN 107493600 B CN107493600 B CN 107493600B
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2603—Arrangements for wireless physical layer control
- H04B7/2609—Arrangements for range control, e.g. by using remote antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2662—Arrangements for Wireless System Synchronisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
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- H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components
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Abstract
The invention discloses a massive MIMO communication device and a synchronization method, which relate to the field of wireless communication, and the method comprises the following steps: the main control unit generates a system clock by using an external clock synchronization source and distributes the generated system clock to the baseband processing unit; the baseband processing unit generates a local clock by using the system clock and transmits the generated local clock to the radio frequency and antenna unit connected with the baseband processing unit; and the radio frequency and antenna unit selects one clock from the received local clocks from the baseband processing unit and realizes clock synchronization with the baseband processing unit by using the selected clock. The performance of the wireless communication system is improved by solving the problem of high-precision synchronization of a large number of distributed radio frequencies and antenna units.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication, and in particular, to a large-scale Multiple Input Multiple Output (massive MIMO) communication device and a synchronization method.
Background
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a conventional distributed base station architecture provided in the prior art, and as shown in fig. 1, a conventional base transceiver station includes a baseband processing unit and radio frequency and antenna units, each of which uses 2 to 8 antennas.
Massive MIMO, a core Technology of The 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G), achieves greater wireless data traffic and connection reliability by using a large number of antennas (e.g., 64, 128, or more than 256) at a Base Transceiver Station (BTS). This approach fundamentally changes the existing standard base transceiver architecture, which uses only 8 antennas at most to form a sector topology.
Due to the use of more antenna elements, the massive MIMO system faces system challenges never encountered by existing networks. For example, how to synchronize between multiple independent rf transceivers (i.e., rf and antenna units); the Baseband processing Unit and the radio frequency processing Unit (i.e., the radio frequency and antenna Unit) adopt a distributed synchronization architecture, how to synchronize the indoor Baseband processing Unit (BBU) with each radio frequency Unit (i.e., the radio frequency and antenna Unit) and meet the precision of the protocol requirement.
Based on different Time service modes, the main clock synchronization technologies can be divided into Satellite clock synchronization (referred to as Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), including Global Positioning System (GPS) Time service System, Beidou Time service System, etc.) and Network clock synchronization (including Network synchronization Protocol (NTP) and IEEE1588V2 Network synchronization Protocol, etc.). How to apply these timing methods to make the synchronization precision of the distributed rf units (i.e., the rf and antenna units) meet the MIMO precision requirement is also an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention is to realize high-precision clock synchronization of a large number of distributed radio frequency and antenna units.
The synchronization method for the massive MIMO communication device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the main control unit generates a system clock by using an external clock synchronization source and distributes the generated system clock to the baseband processing unit;
the baseband processing unit generates a local clock by using the system clock and transmits the generated local clock to the radio frequency and antenna unit connected with the baseband processing unit;
and the radio frequency and antenna unit selects one clock from the received local clocks from the baseband processing unit and realizes clock synchronization with the baseband processing unit by using the selected clock.
Preferably, the step of generating a system clock by the master control unit using an external clock synchronization source and distributing the generated system clock to the baseband processing unit includes:
the master control unit adjusts a local clock of the master control unit by using an external clock synchronization source, so that the adjusted local clock is synchronized with the external clock synchronization source;
and generating a system clock by using the adjusted local clock, and distributing the generated system clock to each baseband processing unit through a clock and data transmission unit.
Preferably, the external clock synchronization source is a global navigation satellite system GNSS or network synchronization protocol 1588V2 clock.
Preferably, the local clock generated by the baseband processing unit is obtained by de-jittering and regenerating the received system clock.
Preferably, the baseband processing unit performs debounce and regeneration processing on the received system clock to obtain a local clock, where the local clock is a clock that is adapted to the transmission rate of the optical port of the baseband processing unit, and the baseband processing unit transmits the obtained local clock to the radio frequency and antenna unit connected to the baseband processing unit through the corresponding optical port.
Preferably, the step of selecting one clock from the received local clocks from the baseband processing unit by the rf and antenna unit and implementing clock synchronization with the baseband processing unit by using the selected clock includes:
the radio frequency and antenna unit recovers a local clock from the baseband processing unit from each optical port connected with the baseband processing unit;
the radio frequency and antenna unit carries out optical port arbitration processing according to the state and the serial number of each optical port to obtain a main optical port;
and the radio frequency and antenna unit generates a working clock by using a local clock recovered from the main optical port, so that the working clock is synchronous with the baseband processing unit clock.
Preferably, the working clock generated by the rf and antenna unit is obtained by de-jittering and regenerating the local clock recovered from the main optical port.
According to the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention, the program for realizing the synchronization method of the massive MIMO communication device is stored.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a massive MIMO communication apparatus is provided, including:
the main control unit is used for generating a system clock by utilizing an external clock synchronization source and distributing the generated system clock to the baseband processing unit;
the baseband processing unit is used for generating a local clock by using the system clock and transmitting the generated local clock to the radio frequency and antenna unit connected with the local clock;
and the radio frequency and antenna unit is used for selecting one clock from the received local clocks from the baseband processing unit and realizing clock synchronization with the baseband processing unit by using the selected clock.
Preferably, the master control unit adjusts the local clock thereof by using an external clock synchronization source to synchronize the adjusted local clock with the external clock synchronization source clock, generates a system clock by using the adjusted local clock, and distributes the generated system clock to each baseband processing unit via the clock and data transmission unit.
Preferably, the external clock synchronization source is a global navigation satellite system GNSS or network synchronization protocol 1588V2 clock.
Preferably, the local clock generated by the baseband processing unit is obtained by de-jittering and regenerating the received system clock.
Preferably, the baseband processing unit performs debounce and regeneration processing on the received system clock to obtain a local clock, where the local clock is a clock that is adapted to the transmission rate of the optical port of the baseband processing unit, and the baseband processing unit transmits the obtained local clock to the radio frequency and antenna unit connected to the baseband processing unit through the corresponding optical port.
Preferably, the radio frequency and antenna unit recovers a local clock originating from the baseband processing unit from each optical port connected to the baseband processing unit, performs optical port arbitration processing according to a state and a serial number of each optical port to obtain a main optical port, and generates a working clock by using the local clock recovered from the main optical port, so that the working clock is synchronized with the baseband processing unit clock.
Preferably, the working clock generated by the rf and antenna unit is obtained by de-jittering and regenerating the local clock recovered from the main optical port.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the massive MIMO communication device and the synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the invention are simple to realize, can effectively solve the clock synchronization problem among a plurality of Remote Radio Units (RRUs), have high synchronization precision and can effectively improve the performance of a wireless communication system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a conventional distributed base station architecture provided by the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a synchronization method of a massive MIMO communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a first hardware block diagram of a massive MIMO communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a second hardware block diagram of the massive MIMO communication apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a synchronization flow diagram of the apparatus of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of a baseband processing unit of the apparatus of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an internal implementation of the radio frequency and antenna unit of the device of FIG. 4;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of an application scenario in which 2 BBUs correspond to 1 RRU according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of an application scenario in which 2 BBUs correspond to 3 RRUs according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described below are only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a synchronization method of a massive MIMO communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the steps include:
step S101: the master control unit generates a system clock using an external clock synchronization source and distributes the generated system clock to the baseband processing unit.
The main control unit utilizes an external clock synchronization source to adjust a local clock of the main control unit, the adjusted local clock is synchronized with the external clock synchronization source clock, then the adjusted local clock is utilized to generate a system clock, and the generated system clock is distributed to each baseband processing unit through the clock and data transmission unit.
The external clock synchronization source may be a GNSS, such as a Global Positioning System (GPS) time service System, a beidou time service System, or an IEEE1588V2 clock.
Step S102: the baseband processing unit generates a local clock by using the system clock, and transmits the generated local clock to the radio frequency and antenna unit connected with the baseband processing unit.
The baseband processing unit performs debounce and regeneration processing on the received system clock to obtain a local clock which is adaptive to the transmission rate of the optical port, and transmits the local clock to the radio frequency and antenna unit connected with the local clock through the corresponding optical port.
Step S103: the radio frequency and antenna unit selects one clock from the received local clocks from the baseband processing unit and realizes the clock synchronization with the baseband processing unit by using the selected clock.
The radio frequency and antenna unit recovers the local clock from the baseband processing unit from each optical port connected with the baseband processing unit, and performs optical port arbitration processing according to the state and serial number of each optical port to obtain a main optical port, so that a working clock is generated by using the clock recovered from the main optical port, namely, the working clock is obtained by performing debouncing and regeneration processing on the clock recovered from the main optical port, and the working clock is synchronized with the baseband processing unit clock.
The main control unit, the clock and data transparent transmission unit and the baseband processing unit of this embodiment form a BBU network element, the radio frequency and antenna unit of this embodiment is an RRU network element, the connection relationship between the BBU network element and the RRU network element may be one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one or many-to-many, and the synchronization precision under various connection modes all meets the synchronization requirement of the MIMO system.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps in the method according to the above embodiments may be implemented by a program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and includes steps S101 to S103 when the program is executed. The storage medium may be ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.
Fig. 3 is a first hardware block diagram of a massive MIMO communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, including:
the main control unit is configured to generate a System clock by using an external clock synchronization source, and distribute the generated System clock to the baseband processing unit, where the external clock synchronization source may be a GNSS, such as a Global Positioning System (GPS) time service System, a beidou time service System, or an IEEE1588V2 clock. Specifically, the master control unit uses the external clock synchronization source to adjust the local clock thereof so that the adjusted local clock is synchronized with the external clock synchronization source clock, generates the system clock using the adjusted local clock, and distributes the generated system clock to each baseband processing unit via the clock and data transmission unit. Further, the master control unit generates a synchronization trigger signal when generating synchronization of the system clock, and distributes the synchronization trigger signal to each baseband processing unit via the clock and data transmission unit.
And the baseband processing unit is used for generating a local clock by using the system clock and transmitting the generated local clock to the radio frequency and antenna unit connected with the baseband processing unit. Specifically, the baseband processing unit performs debounce and regeneration processing on the received system clock to obtain a local clock adapted to the transmission rate of the optical port of the baseband processing unit, and transmits the obtained local clock to the radio frequency and antenna unit connected to the baseband processing unit through the corresponding optical port. Furthermore, the baseband processing unit receives the system clock and receives the synchronous trigger signal from the clock and data transmission unit, and the baseband processing unit processes data and receives and transmits optical port data by using the local clock and the synchronous trigger signal.
And the radio frequency and antenna unit is used for selecting one clock from the received local clocks from the baseband processing unit and realizing clock synchronization with the baseband processing unit by using the selected clock. Specifically, the rf and antenna unit recovers a local clock from the baseband processing unit from each optical port connected to the baseband processing unit, performs optical port arbitration processing according to the state and serial number of each optical port to obtain a main optical port, and generates an operating clock by using the local clock recovered from the main optical port, that is, performs debounce and regeneration processing on the local clock recovered from the main optical port to obtain an operating clock, so that the operating clock is synchronized with the baseband processing unit clock. Furthermore, the radio frequency and antenna unit extracts the clock from each optical port and simultaneously extracts the synchronous trigger signal and the data from the optical port, and the radio frequency and antenna unit processes the data and transmits and receives the data by using the working clock and the synchronous trigger signal.
Fig. 4 is a second hardware block diagram of the massive MIMO communication apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the apparatus is divided into a BBU and an RRU, and a connection relationship between a BBU network element and an RRU network element may be one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, or many-to-many. The BBU baseband unit comprises a main control unit, a clock and data transmission unit (i.e. a clock and data transmission unit or a clock and data distribution unit) and one or more baseband processing units, and the RRU radio frequency unit (i.e. a radio frequency and antenna unit) comprises an intermediate frequency and radio frequency processing module (i.e. a medium radio frequency data processing module). The embodiment realizes synchronous transmission and processing interfaces between the BBU baseband unit and the radio frequency and antenna units.
The hardware block diagram of the massive MIMO communication device provided by the invention is shown in figure 2. The device mainly comprises a BBU and an RRU. The BBU baseband unit comprises a main control unit, a clock and data distribution unit and a baseband processing unit; the RRU radio frequency unit, i.e., radio frequency and antenna unit, includes intermediate frequency, radio frequency processing. The core function part of the invention is a synchronous transmission and processing interface between the BBU baseband processing unit and the radio frequency and antenna unit.
The main control unit is responsible for generating a system clock and distributing data. The system clock is adjusted and tracked by using a GNSS/1588V2 synchronous time service mode. The main control unit generates a clock signal and a synchronous trigger signal according to the system clock and transmits the clock signal and the synchronous trigger signal to the clock and data transparent transmission unit.
And the clock and data transparent transmission unit is used for distributing the clock signal, the synchronous trigger signal and the data to each baseband processing unit.
The baseband processing unit is responsible for service data processing and optical port transmission. The baseband processing unit generates a local working clock (i.e. a local clock) and timing (i.e. a synchronous trigger signal) according to the clock and the trigger signal transmitted by the clock and data transparent transmission unit, and is used for establishing downlink service data and transmitting the data to the radio frequency and antenna unit through the optical port.
The radio frequency and antenna unit is provided with a plurality of optical ports and a plurality of antennas and can receive data of a plurality of baseband boards (namely baseband processing units). The rf processing unit (i.e., rf and antenna unit) extracts a clock and synchronization timing (i.e., synchronization trigger signal) from one of the optical ports connected to the baseband board as a main optical port. And sending data to the air interface by taking the recovered clock as a reference. The selection of the main optical port of the radio frequency and antenna unit can be one of the conditions of preferential selection according to the on-off state of the optical port.
The RRU network element of this embodiment uses an integrated radio frequency transceiver, has multiple optical ports and supports multiple antennas, and further, has N optical ports, and can be connected to N BBUs at most, where N is greater than or equal to 6, and preferably 6.
The integrated rf transceiver of this embodiment selects a main optical port from a plurality of optical ports, and obtains a clock and a synchronous trigger signal.
The integrated radio frequency transceiver of the embodiment adopts the fixed buffer area to buffer the baseband processing unit data, uses the clock recovered by the main optical port to read and process, and uses the synchronous trigger signal recovered by the main optical port as the time for receiving and transmitting data.
FIG. 5 is a synchronization flowchart of the apparatus shown in FIG. 4, and as shown in FIG. 5, the main control unit adjusts the local clock and timing by using GNSS/1588V2 time service, generates a system clock and timing trigger signal (i.e. a synchronization trigger signal), and transmits the system clock and timing trigger signal to the clock and data transparent transmission unit; the clock and data transparent transmission unit distributes a clock and a synchronous trigger signal to each baseband processing unit; after receiving the clock and the synchronization trigger signal, the baseband processing unit adjusts the local clock and the timing signal by using the clock, and the synchronized clock and timing signal are used for processing and receiving baseband data and then are transmitted to the radio frequency and antenna unit through the optical fiber, as shown in fig. 6; the radio frequency and antenna unit respectively recovers a clock and a timing signal from a plurality of optical ports through a protocol and simultaneously stores data into a buffer; the master port is selected according to the arbitration, and the clock and timing signals of the master port are used to perform medium rf processing on all data, as shown in fig. 7. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step S201: the main control unit, the clock and data distribution unit and the radio frequency and antenna unit are powered on. After the main control unit is powered on, the baseband processing unit is controlled to be powered on.
Step S202: after the master control unit detects that the GNSS or 1588V2 clock reference is available, the output frequency and the clock timing of the local voltage-controlled crystal oscillator are adjusted to be synchronous with the GNSS or 1588V2 master clock; after synchronization, a system operating clock (i.e., a system clock, e.g., 61.44M) and a synchronization trigger signal (e.g., a 10ms pulse) are generated. The main control unit transmits the generated system clock and synchronous trigger signal to the clock and data transparent transmission unit. In order to improve the transmission reliability, a system clock and a synchronous trigger signal adopt a differential pair signal to resist interference.
Step S203: the clock and data transparent transmission unit distributes the received system clock, synchronous trigger signals and data to each baseband processing unit.
Similarly, to improve transmission reliability, the system clock and the synchronization trigger signal are both protected from interference by using a differential pair signal.
Step S204: after receiving the system clock and the timing trigger signal (namely, the synchronous trigger signal) distributed by the clock and data transparent transmission unit, the baseband processing unit carries out debouncing regeneration on the system clock to generate a local working clock (namely, a local clock) for data framing/deframing processing and data receiving and transmitting processing of an optical port; meanwhile, the baseband processing unit uses the received synchronous trigger signal as a framing or data processing timing signal to ensure that the data start point is aligned with the reference synchronous trigger signal.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a baseband processing unit of the apparatus shown in fig. 4, as shown in fig. 6, after receiving a system clock and a synchronization trigger signal transmitted by a clock and data transparent transmission unit, a baseband processing unit first performs debounce and regeneration on the system clock by a debounce and regeneration processing module to obtain a synchronized local clock, then performs framing processing on data interacted with an upstream device by a data deframing/framing module by using the local clock and the synchronization trigger signal, and finally performs optical port data transmission on data output by the data deframing/framing module by using an optical port transmitting/receiving module by using the local clock and the synchronization trigger signal.
Step S205: the radio frequency and antenna processing unit respectively recovers clocks from the data of the plurality of optical ports, stores the data into a buffer area, selects a main optical port according to arbitration, reads the data in the buffer area by using the clock of the main optical port, and adjusts the data receiving and transmitting time by using a synchronous trigger signal recovered by the main optical port.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of an internal implementation of the rf and antenna unit of the apparatus shown in fig. 4, and as shown in fig. 7, the rf and antenna unit respectively recovers a clock signal, a synchronization trigger signal and data from each optical port thereof, wherein the data is stored in respective data buffers by using the recovered clock signal, for example, the data recovered from optical port 0 is stored in optical port 0 data buffer by using the clock signal recovered from optical port 0, the data recovered from optical port 1 is stored in optical port 1 data buffer by using the clock signal recovered from optical port 1, and the data recovered from optical port N is stored in optical port N data buffer by using the clock signal recovered from optical port N. The main optical interface arbitration unit obtains the state of each optical interface, and performs main optical interface arbitration according to the state of each optical interface and the serial number of the optical interface, and selects one optical interface from the optical interfaces as the main optical interface, for example, the optical interface x optical interface is in place and alarms without error codes, and the serial number has the highest priority in the optical interfaces without error code alarms, and at this time, the optical interface x is determined as the main gateway. After the main optical port x is selected, a clock jitter removal and regeneration module is used for removing jitter and regenerating a clock recovered from the main optical port x to obtain a working clock for reading a data buffer and processing data. And reading the data stored in the data buffer area by using the working clock, and sending the read data to the medium radio frequency data processing module. The middle radio frequency data processing module processes data by using the working clock and the synchronous trigger signal, and each antenna unit receives and transmits data by using the working clock and the synchronous trigger signal. That is, the rf and antenna unit recovers the clock, the synchronous trigger signal and the data from the multi-optical port, wherein the clock and the synchronous trigger signal are sent to the arbitration module of the main optical port, and the data are put into the data buffer by using the recovered clock of the respective optical port. The main optical port arbitration unit selects a main optical port according to the state and the serial number of each optical port. After the main optical port is selected, the clock and synchronous trigger signal recovered by the main optical port are selected to read the data of all the data buffer areas and perform subsequent data processing. The data and the receiving and sending time sent to each antenna unit use the same working clock and frame timing, so that the data sent by each antenna port is ensured to be synchronous.
After the optical port data of the radio frequency and antenna unit enters a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), the data is buffered by a data buffer area, and processed and transmitted by using a locally recovered clock and timing (namely, a synchronous trigger signal). The FPGA comprises an optical port, an optical port data buffer, a middle radio frequency data processing module and an antenna transmitting/receiving module.
The connection relationship between the BBU and the RRU can be one-to-many, many-to-one, many-to-many and the like, the device is flexible to realize, and different structures can be adopted.
The connection relationship between the BBU and the RRU of the present invention may be many-to-one, for example, an application scenario in which 2 BBUs correspond to 1 RRU shown in fig. 8, an optical port 0 to an optical port N-M of a BBU _1 are respectively connected to an optical port 0 to an optical port N-M of an RRU through an optical fiber, and an optical port 0 to an optical port M-1 of a BBU _2 are respectively connected to an optical port N-M +1 to an optical port N of an RRU through an optical fiber.
The connection relationship between the BBUs and the RRUs in the present invention may also be many-to-many, for example, 2 BBUs shown in fig. 9 correspond to an application scenario of 3 RRUs, an optical port 0 to an optical port k of a BBU _1 are respectively connected to an optical port 0 to an optical port k of an RRU _1 through an optical fiber, an optical port k +1 to an optical port 2k of the BBU _1 are respectively connected to an optical port 0 to an optical port k of an RRU _2 through an optical fiber, and an optical port 2k +1 to an optical port 3k of the BBU _1 are respectively connected to an optical port 0 to an optical port k of an RRU _3 through an optical fiber, that is, the BBU _1 corresponds to the RRU _1, the RRU _2, and the RRU _ 3; similarly, an optical port 0 to an optical port k of the BBU _2 are respectively connected to an optical port k +1 to an optical port N of the RRU _1 through an optical fiber, an optical port k +1 to an optical port 2k of the BBU _2 are respectively connected to an optical port k +1 to an optical port N of the RRU _2 through an optical fiber, and an optical port 2k +1 to an optical port 3k of the BBU _2 are respectively connected to an optical port k +1 to an optical port N of the RRU _3 through an optical fiber, that is, the BBU _2 corresponds to the RRU _1, the RRU _2 and the RRU1_ 3. In other words, BBU _1 and BBU _2 correspond to RRU _1, BBU _1 and BBU _2 correspond to RRU _2, and BBU _1 and BBU _2 correspond to RRU _ 3. In order to implement synchronization among multiple RRUs, requirements for clock synchronization between RRU _1, RRU _2, and RRU _3 and BBU _1 may be preconfigured, at this time, RRU1_1 arbitrates a main optical port from optical port 0 to optical port k connected to BBU _1, and utilizes a clock recovered from the main optical port to implement clock synchronization with BBU _1, and similarly, RRU _2 and RRU _3 implement clock synchronization with BBU _1 in the same manner, that is, RRU _1, RRU _2, and RRU1_3 are all synchronized with BBU _1, thereby solving the problem of clock synchronization among multiple RRUs.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects:
the invention solves the synchronization problem of a large number of distributed radio frequency receiving and transmitting units (namely radio frequency and antenna units) of the passive MIMO system, has simple realization and high synchronization precision, can meet the synchronization requirement of the passive MIMO system, effectively inhibits the multipath interference of the passive MIMO system, greatly improves the accuracy rate of channel estimation and channel equalization and effectively improves the performance of the wireless communication system.
Although the present invention has been described in detail hereinabove, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art in light of the principle of the present invention. Thus, modifications made in accordance with the principles of the present invention should be understood to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A synchronization method for massive MIMO communication device includes:
the main control unit generates a system clock by using an external clock synchronization source and distributes the generated system clock and a synchronization trigger signal to each baseband processing unit;
each baseband processing unit generates a local clock by using the system clock distributed by the main control unit, and transmits the generated local clock and the synchronous trigger signal to a radio frequency and antenna unit connected with an optical port of the baseband processing unit through the optical port of the baseband processing unit;
the radio frequency and antenna unit selects a main optical port from a plurality of optical ports, and ensures that data sent by each antenna port are synchronous according to a local clock which is recovered from the main optical port and originates from a baseband processing unit connected with the main optical port and the synchronous trigger signal.
2. The method of claim 1, the master unit generating a system clock using an external clock synchronization source and distributing the generated system clock and a synchronization trigger signal to the baseband processing unit comprising:
the main control unit utilizes the external clock synchronization source to adjust the local clock of the main control unit, so that the adjusted local clock is synchronized with the external clock synchronization source;
and generating a system clock by using the adjusted local clock, and distributing the generated system clock and a synchronous trigger signal to each baseband processing unit through a clock and data transmission unit.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, the external clock synchronization source being a global navigation satellite system GNSS or network synchronization protocol 1588V2 clock.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the local clock generated by the baseband processing unit is derived by debounce and regenerate the received system clock.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the local clock obtained by the baseband processing unit after de-jittering and regenerating the received system clock is a clock adaptive to the transmission rate of its optical port, and the baseband processing unit transfers the obtained local clock to the rf and antenna unit connected thereto via the corresponding optical port.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rf and antenna unit selects a main optical port from a plurality of optical ports thereof, and the step of ensuring synchronization of data transmitted by each antenna port according to the synchronization trigger signal and a local clock recovered from the main optical port and originating from a baseband processing unit connected to the main optical port comprises:
the radio frequency and antenna unit recovers a local clock and a synchronous trigger signal from the baseband processing unit connected with each optical port from each optical port;
the radio frequency and antenna unit carries out optical port arbitration processing according to the state and the serial number of each optical port to obtain a main optical port;
the radio frequency and antenna unit generates a working clock by using a local clock recovered from the main optical port, and ensures that data sent by each antenna port is synchronous by using the generated working clock and a synchronous trigger signal.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the RF and antenna unit generates the operating clock by de-jittering and regenerating a local clock recovered from the main optical port.
8. A massive MIMO communication device, comprising:
the main control unit is used for generating a system clock by using an external clock synchronization source and distributing the generated system clock and a synchronization trigger signal to each baseband processing unit;
each baseband processing unit is used for generating a local clock by using the system clock distributed by the main control unit and transmitting the generated local clock and the synchronous trigger signal to a radio frequency and antenna unit connected with an optical port of the baseband processing unit through the optical port;
and the radio frequency and antenna unit is used for selecting a main optical port from the plurality of optical ports, and ensuring the synchronization of data sent by each antenna port according to a local clock which is recovered from the main optical port and originates from a baseband processing unit connected with the main optical port and the synchronous trigger signal.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the master unit uses an external clock synchronization source to adjust its local clock to synchronize the adjusted local clock with the external clock synchronization source clock, and uses the adjusted local clock to generate a system clock, and distributes the generated system clock and synchronization trigger signal to each baseband processing unit via the clock and data transmission unit.
10. The apparatus of claim 8 or 9, the external clock synchronization source being a global navigation satellite system GNSS or network synchronization protocol 1588V2 clock.
11. The apparatus of claim 8, the local clock generated by the baseband processing unit is derived by debounce and regenerate the received system clock.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the baseband processing unit is configured to de-jittered and regenerate the received system clock to obtain a local clock that is adapted to a transmission rate of its optical port, and the baseband processing unit is configured to transmit the obtained local clock to the rf and antenna unit connected thereto via the corresponding optical port.
13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the rf and antenna unit recovers a local clock and a synchronization trigger signal from the baseband processing unit connected to each optical port from each optical port, performs optical port arbitration processing according to a state and a serial number of each optical port to obtain a main optical port, generates an operating clock by using the local clock recovered from the main optical port, and ensures synchronization of data transmitted by each antenna port by using the generated operating clock and synchronization trigger signal.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the rf and antenna unit generates the operating clock by de-jittering and regenerating a local clock recovered from the main optical port.
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