CN107498854B - A 3D printing device for ultrasonic plasticizing fused deposition modeling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrasonic plasticizing fused deposition modeling 3D printing device which comprises a support, a printing unit, a printing head unit and a material melting unit, wherein the printing head unit is used for transferring a molten material to the printing unit for printing; the support comprises a first working platform provided with a printing head unit and a material melting unit and a second working platform provided with a printing unit; the material melting unit comprises an ultrasonic system for melting materials, a quantifying device and a driving system for driving the ultrasonic system to move, and the quantifying device comprises a connecting rod, a left plate and a right plate; one end of the connecting rod is arranged in the cavity of the second base, and the other end of the connecting rod extends out of the cavity and is connected with the ultrasonic system through the first connecting plate; the left plate is arranged in the cavity and is fixed with one end of the connecting rod arranged in the cavity; the right board corresponds the left board setting and sets up the certain distance in the cavity and between right board and the left board, and right board cover is established on the connecting rod and can be followed the connecting rod and removed. The ultrasonic melting method is adopted for melting, so that the melting speed is higher.

Description

A 3D printing device for ultrasonic plasticizing fused deposition modeling

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular, to a 3D printing device of ultrasonic plasticization fusion deposition modeling.

Background technique

In recent years, 3D printing technology has been used more and more to manufacture parts, and its technical characteristics of layer-by-layer manufacturing can make parts faster and more personalized than traditional manufacturing technology. This technology has a wide range of applications in the fields of weaponry, automobiles, medicine, and construction. However, due to limitations in machine size, materials, and costs, 3D printing technology is still in the development stage.

At present, the raw materials for 3D printing mainly have three forms: filamentous, powdery, and granular. The corresponding 3D printing equipment has slightly different processing principles due to the different forms of materials. Among them, granular materials are new types of materials, and their prices are higher. It is cheap, easy to manufacture and has excellent material properties.

The working principle of 3D printers using filamentous materials is fused deposition technology. The structure of this equipment is relatively simple but the molding accuracy is low, and the molding speed is relatively slow; the working principle of 3D printers using powder materials is powder solidification sintering technology. The equipment can manufacture complex components or molds, but the surface of the sample is rough and granular; the working principle of the 3D printer using granular materials is also the fusion deposition technology, but the combined structure of the screw and the heating coil is used, specifically at the feed port. Set the heating coil to melt the material, and then use the screw to rotate to shear and extrude the material to the nozzle. The structure is more complicated and the processing accuracy is relatively high, but the screw structure has two major disadvantages: 1. The diameter of the screw is large: The screw can be obtained by processing the thread on a shaft, so its diameter cannot be made too small, otherwise it will break at the root of the tooth; 2. The material is easy to deteriorate: it takes a certain time for the heating coil to melt the material, so the material will be broken. Stay in the barrel for a long time.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing device with simple structure and convenient operation, so as to achieve the purpose of fast and quantitative printing.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an ultrasonic plasticizing fused deposition molding device, including a bracket, a printing unit, a printing head unit and a material melting unit;

The support includes a first working platform and a second working platform arranged up and down, the first working platform is provided with the printing head unit and the material melting unit, and the printing unit is provided on the second working platform;

The material melting unit includes an ultrasonic system, a quantitative device and a drive system, and the quantitative device includes a connecting rod, a left plate and a right plate;

One end of the connecting rod is arranged in the cavity of the second base, and the other end extends out of the cavity and is connected to the ultrasonic system through the first connecting plate, so that the quantitative device and the ultrasonic system can move synchronously;

The left plate is arranged in the cavity and fixed with one end of the connecting rod arranged in the cavity; the right plate is arranged in the cavity corresponding to the left plate and the right plate is connected to the cavity. There is a certain distance between the left plates; the right plate is sleeved on the connecting rod and can move along the connecting rod, thereby adjusting the distance between the right plate and the left plate to control the amount of materials ;

The ultrasonic system is used to melt the material, and the drive system is used to drive the ultrasonic system to move back and forth, so that the ultrasonic system melts the material measured by the dosing device; the print head unit is used to transfer the melted material to The printing unit performs printing.

In particular, the ultrasonic system includes a tool head, a horn and a transducer connected in sequence, the first end of the tool head protrudes into the second end of the horizontal channel arranged on the first base, the tool head The second end of the second end is connected with the transducer through the horn; the first base is fixed on the first working platform, and is arranged below the second base; the size of the horizontal channel is the same as that of the tool The head is matched so that the tool head can move back and forth in the horizontal channel; the first end of the horizontal channel is connected with a connecting channel outside the first end, and the connecting channel communicates with the print head unit so that the material melted by the ultrasonic system The printhead unit is accessible through the connection channel.

In particular, the connecting channel adopts a spring needle valve nozzle, and the opening of the spring needle valve nozzle faces the print head unit.

In particular, a cartridge is provided on the upper surface of the second base, and the outlet of the cartridge leads into the cavity; a channel is provided below the cavity, and the two ends of the channel are respectively connected to the a cavity and the horizontal channel; the channel is disposed proximate to the first end of the horizontal channel.

In particular, the drive system is driven by a ball screw, and the drive system includes a drive guide groove arranged on the first working platform and a drive slide table that moves along the drive guide groove; the transducer passes through the third L-shaped The connecting plate is connected with the driving slide, the vertical plate of the third L-shaped connecting plate is sleeved at the stagnation point of the transducer, and its horizontal plate is connected with the driving slide, so that the driving of the drive system When the slide table slides forward, it can drive the ultrasonic system forward.

In particular, the print head unit includes a speed increasing mechanism and a crank connecting rod mechanism, and the speed increasing mechanism is used to provide power for the crank connecting rod mechanism to move;

The speed-up mechanism includes a motor, a shaft coupling, a bull gear and a pinion, and the motor is installed on a motor seat; the two ends of the coupling are respectively connected with the motor and the bull gear, and the The large gear meshes with the small gear, and the motor drives the coupling to rotate, which further drives the large gear to rotate, thereby driving the small gear to rotate;

The crank-link mechanism includes two eccentric cranks, a connecting rod and a piston, and the two eccentric cranks are connected to each other through connectors and are respectively fixed on the inner side walls of the print head base, and one of the eccentric cranks is connected to the small Gear connection, the rotation of the pinion drives the two eccentric cranks to rotate; the connecting rod is arranged on the connecting piece between the two eccentric cranks, and the connecting rod can move up and down with the rotation of the eccentric crank ; the top of the piston is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod, the lower end of the piston is conical, and the piston can move up and down in the channel of the print head base with the connecting rod, so that the piston can move The molten material inside the piston is extruded; a short tube is also provided on the side wall of the piston, and the short tube communicates with the connecting channel and the piston.

In particular, a print nozzle is provided below the print head base, and the print nozzle is detachably connected to the print head base for easy replacement of the print nozzle; the lower end of the piston leads to the print nozzle .

In particular, a heating coil is provided on the outside of the lower part of the print head base, and the heating coil is used to maintain the temperature of the material and prevent the material from deteriorating.

In particular, the printing unit includes a printing platform, an X-direction module, a Y-direction module, and a Z-direction module. The X-direction module, the Y-direction module, and the Z-direction module are all driven by ball screws. The printing unit includes at least one set of X-direction modules;

The X-direction module includes an X-guiding groove and an X-direction slide table moving along the X-guiding groove, and the X-guiding groove is arranged on the second working platform; A chute is arranged in parallel, and a first roller moving along the chute is arranged in the chute, and the upper surface of the first roller is at the same level as the upper surface of the X-direction slide table;

The Y-direction module includes a Y-direction groove and a Y-direction sliding table moving along the Y-direction groove; the X-direction module and the Y-direction module are connected by a vertically arranged first L-shaped connecting plate, One end of the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped connecting plate is set on the upper surface of the X-direction slide, the other end is set on the upper surface of the first roller, and the Y guide groove is set on the first L-shaped connecting plate on the vertical board;

The Z-direction modules each include a Z guide groove and a Z-direction sliding table moving along the Z guide groove, and the back of the Z guide groove is directly or indirectly connected to the Y-direction slide table;

The printing platform is connected to the Z-direction sliding table through a second L-shaped connecting plate, and the second L-shaped connecting plate is arranged below the printing platform.

Applying the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. Through the stress-strain analysis of the ultrasonic vibration system, under the condition of satisfying the strength (the maximum strain of the tool head is less than 0.1mm, and the maximum stress is less than 2Mpa), the minimum diameter of the front end of the tool head can be reduced to 5mm, compared with the prior art screw The minimum diameter is 12mm, which is reduced by nearly half, so the size of the 3D printing device of the present invention is smaller and the structure is more compact.

2. Compared with the form of coil heating, the melting of the ultrasonic system can make the material melt rapidly under the joint action of ultrasonic vibration and pressure, and the melting speed of the material is faster, and this method is more energy-saving and more convenient. control, the quality of fusion is higher.

3. The device of the present invention can change the output volume by adjusting the diameter of the printing nozzle outlet and adjusting the volume (thread structure) of the dosing device, thereby adapting to different processing occasions and different precision requirements.

4. The device of the present invention melts through the ultrasonic system, and then uses the heating coil for heat preservation treatment, so that the material will not deteriorate during operation, and the printing quality is higher.

5. The whole device of the present invention is compact in structure, light in weight and easy to manufacture.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

In the attached picture:

1 is a schematic diagram of the internal overall structure of the 3D printing device in Embodiment 1;

2 is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the 3D printing device in Embodiment 1;

3 is a schematic structural view of the printing unit of the 3D printing device in Embodiment 1;

4 is a schematic structural view of the print head unit of the 3D printing device in Embodiment 1;

5 is a schematic structural view of the material melting unit of the 3D printing device in Example 1;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the print head unit and the material melting unit of the 3D printing device in Example 1;

Reference signs:

1. Bracket, 11. First working platform, 12. Second working platform, 13. Material inlet, 14. Reclaiming door, 15. Door closer, 16. Second roller, 2. Printing unit, 21. Printing Platform, 22, X direction module, 221, X guide groove, 222, X direction slide table, 23, Y direction module, 231, Y guide groove, 24, Z direction module, 241, Z guide groove, 25, The first L-shaped connecting plate, 26, the chute, 27, the first roller, 3, the print head unit, 30, the heating coil, 31, the print head base, 311, the print nozzle, 32, the motor, 33, the coupling, 34, large gear, 35, pinion, 36, motor seat, 37, eccentric crank, 38, connecting rod, 39, piston, 391, short tube, 4, material melting unit, 41, ultrasonic system, 411, tool head, 412, horn, 413, transducer, 414, first connecting plate, 42, barrel, 43, first base, 431, horizontal channel, 432, channel, 44, second base, 441, cavity, 45, quantitative device, 451, connecting rod, 452, left plate, 453, right plate, 46, driving system, 461, driving guide groove, 462, driving sliding table, 463, third L-shaped connecting plate, 47, pogo pin Valve nozzle.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in various ways defined and covered by the claims.

Example 1

See FIG. 1 for details, an ultrasonic plasticized fused deposition modeling 3D printing device, including a support 1 , a printing unit 2 , a printing head unit 3 and a material melting unit 4 .

In this embodiment, the whole frame of the bracket is constructed of 4040 aluminum profiles, and the profiles are connected with right-angled pieces, and the ends of the profiles are sealed with nylon covers; the bottom of the bracket is installed with a second Two rollers 16 are convenient to carry the whole device.

The frame of the support is equipped with two flat plates through right-angle parts, and the two flat plates divide the frame into a first working platform 11 and a second working platform 12 arranged up and down, and the first working platform is provided with the print head unit and The material melting unit, the printing unit is set on the second working platform.

See Figure 2 for details, the outside of the frame of the bracket is wrapped with a baffle to prevent the external environment (such as dust in the air, etc.) from affecting the printing quality. The support is provided with upper, middle and lower baffles in total, and the three baffles are all fixed on the frame. The top baffle in the upper baffle is provided with a material inlet 13 to facilitate dumping of materials; the side baffles of the middle layer And the top baffle is made of acrylic material (PMMA), which has better transparency and is convenient for observing the processing process; the bottom (lower) baffle acts as a package. One of the side plates of the middle baffle plate is provided with a retrieving door 14, the retrieving door is the opening mode of turning up and down, and a door closer 15 is installed on the retrieving door so that the door can reset automatically.

3 for details, the printing unit includes a printing platform 21, an X-direction module 22, a Y-direction module 23 and a Z-direction module 24, and the X-direction module, Y-direction module and Z-direction module all adopt Driven by a ball screw, the printing platform can move in the XYZ direction along with the X-direction module, the Y-direction module and the Z-direction module.

The X-direction module includes an X guide groove 221 and an X-direction slide table 222 moving along the X guide groove, and the X guide groove is arranged on the second working platform; A chute 26 is arranged parallel to the guide groove, and a first roller 27 moving along the chute is arranged in the chute, and the upper surface of the first roller is located at the same level as the upper surface of the X-direction slide table. level.

The combination of the chute and the first roller can also be replaced by the same X-direction module, the two X-guiding grooves are arranged in parallel on the second working platform, and the first L-shaped connecting plate The two ends of the horizontal plate are respectively arranged on the upper surfaces of the two X-direction sliding tables.

The combination of the chute and the first roller can also be replaced by the same X-direction module, the two X-guiding grooves are arranged in parallel on the second working platform, and the first L-shaped connecting plate The two ends of the horizontal plate are respectively arranged on the upper surfaces of the two X-direction sliding tables.

The Y-direction module includes a Y guide groove 231 and a Y-direction slide table moving along the Y guide groove; a vertically arranged first L-shaped connecting plate 25 is adopted between the X-direction module and the Y-direction module connection, one end of the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped connecting plate is set on the upper surface of the X-direction slide, and the other end is set on the upper surface of the first roller, and the Y guide groove is connected along the first L-shaped The length direction setting of the riser of the slab.

Each of the Z-direction modules includes a Z-guiding groove 241 and a Z-directing sliding table moving along the Z-guiding groove, and the back of the Z-guiding groove is fixed on the Y-directing sliding table.

The printing platform is connected to the Z-direction sliding table through a second L-shaped connecting plate, and the second L-shaped connecting plate is arranged below the printing platform.

The printing unit is driven by a screw nut, which can make the printing platform move in three directions with high precision. This high-precision positioning makes the printed products higher in quality and more accurate in size.

Referring to Fig. 4 for details, the print head unit includes a speed increasing mechanism and a crank linkage mechanism.

Described speed-up mechanism comprises motor 32, coupling 33, bull gear 34 and pinion 35, and described motor is installed on the motor seat 36; connected, the large gear meshes with the pinion, the motor drives the coupling to rotate, and further drives the large gear to rotate, thereby driving the pinion to rotate. The speed-up mechanism increases the rotational speed of the motor through the large gear and the pinion, thereby providing greater power for the crank-link mechanism.

Described crank-link mechanism comprises two eccentric cranks 37, connecting rod 38 and piston 39, and described two eccentric cranks are mutually connected by connecting piece and are respectively fixed on the inner wall of printing head base 31, wherein one of described eccentric cranks Connected with the pinion, the rotation of the pinion drives the two eccentric cranks to rotate; the connecting rod is arranged on the connecting piece between the two eccentric cranks, and the connecting rod can Rotate and move up and down; the top of the piston is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod by a pin, the lower end of the piston is tapered, and the piston can move up and down in the channel of the print head base with the connecting rod, The piston can extrude the molten material inside the piston; a short pipe 391 is also arranged on the side wall of the piston; a printing nozzle 311 is also arranged below the print head base, and the lower end of the piston Leading to the printing nozzle, the printing nozzle is connected to the printing head base through a screw thread, which is convenient for replacing the printing nozzle.

The connecting rod and piston in the crank connecting rod structure are arranged inside the print head base, but in order to clearly show the connecting structure of the connecting rod and piston, the vertical section of the print head base on the right is shown in Figure 4, that is, the print head is removed The structure on the outside of the base exposes the connecting rod and piston.

The large and small gears, eccentric crank and connecting rod drive the printing piston to reciprocate up and down. This method can make the output of the 3D printing device more uniform and the printing quality higher.

A heating coil 30 is also provided on the outside of the lower part of the print head base. The temperature of the heating coil is constant. The heating coil is used to maintain the temperature of the material, prevent the material from deteriorating, and ensure the printing quality.

Two lugs are arranged under the print head base, and the print head base is fixed on the first working platform with bolts and nuts through the lugs.

Referring to FIGS. 5-6 for details, the material melting unit includes an ultrasonic system 41 for melting granular materials, a dosing device 45 and a drive system 46 .

The ultrasonic system includes a tool head 411, a horn 412, and a transducer 413 that are threaded in sequence (the tool head and the horn, and the horn and the transducer are screwed together, so that the ultrasonic vibration system does not appear loose during work); the first end of the tool head extends into the second end of the horizontal channel 431 arranged on the first base 43, and the second end of the tool head passes through the variable The spoke rod is connected with the transducer; the first base is fixed on the first working platform and arranged under the second base; the size of the horizontal channel matches the tool head, so that the The tool head can move back and forth in the horizontal passage; a spring needle valve nozzle 47 is connected to the outside of the first end of the horizontal passage, and the spring needle valve nozzle communicates with the short pipe of the print head unit, so that the ultrasonic The molten material of the system can enter the print head unit through the spring needle valve nozzle. During the printing process, the injection pressure of the material can be adjusted by adjusting the spring force of the spring needle valve nozzle, thereby adjusting the printing rate.

In order to reduce the impact of the vibration of the transducer on 3D printing, a transducer cover can be placed outside the transducer; at the same time, in order to cool the transducer, a fan can also be added at the end of the transducer.

The quantitative device includes a connecting rod 451, a left plate 452 and a right plate 453; one end of the connecting rod is arranged in the cavity 441 of the second base 44, and the other end extends out of the cavity and passes through the first connecting plate to the cavity 441. The ultrasonic system is connected so that the quantitative device and the ultrasonic system can move synchronously; the connecting rod is arranged in the cavity and one end part is provided with a first thread; the second base is arranged above the first base ; the left plate is arranged in the cavity, and is fixed with the end of the connecting rod arranged in the cavity; the right plate is arranged in the cavity corresponding to the left plate and the right There is a certain distance between the plate and the left plate to form a quantitative chamber; the right plate is an inverted concave structure, the right plate is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the right plate is away from the One side of the left plate is provided with a second thread matched with the first thread of the connecting rod, and the right plate can be moved along the connecting rod by rotating the connecting rod, thereby adjusting the volume control of the quantitative chamber The amount of material.

The upper surface of the second base is provided with a material cylinder 42, the outlet of the material cylinder leads to the cavity, and the upper part of the entrance of the material cylinder corresponds to the material inlet, and the material is poured into the material inlet through the material inlet. In the barrel; the bottom of the cavity is provided with a passage 432 (the passage here can be selected as a slope or a vertical form, but considering that the processing difficulty of the slope in the actual production and manufacturing process is large and the accuracy is not easy to guarantee, the preferred vertical channel), the two ends of the channel are respectively connected to the cavity and the horizontal channel; the channel is arranged near the first end of the horizontal channel.

The drive system adopts ball screw transmission, and the drive system includes a drive guide groove 461 fixed on the first working platform and a drive slide table 462 moving along the drive guide groove; the transducer passes through the third L L-shaped connecting plate 463 is connected with the driving slide, the upper part of the third L-shaped connecting plate is sleeved at the stagnation point of the transducer (that is, the amplitude is zero), and the lower part is connected with the driving slide , so that the drive slide of the drive system can drive the ultrasonic system forward while sliding forward. The dosing device and drive system are installed at the stagnation point of the ultrasonic vibration system (ultrasonic vibration amplitude is 0), so that the dosing device and drive system can work smoothly without being affected by ultrasonic vibration.

In Fig. 5, the quantitative device is arranged in the second base, and the channel and the tool head are arranged in the horizontal channel of the first base, so in order to clearly show the connection and structure of the quantitative device, the tool head and the channel, the first base and the second base The second base is vertically sectioned, that is, the outer structures of the first base and the second base are removed to expose the dosing device, the tool head and the channel.

In FIG. 6 , the print head base, the first base and the second base are vertically sectioned to show the internal structure.

The printing process using the 3D printing device in this embodiment is as follows:

Preliminary preparation: Determine the printing parameters according to the size and complexity of the 3D model, then select the appropriate diameter of the printing nozzle according to the printing parameters, determine the volume of the required material according to the flow rate of the printing nozzle, and turn the connecting rod of the dosing device to make the dosing device The right plate moves left and right to achieve a defined amount of volume.

Reset: reset the printing platform, the printing platform is at the highest point in the Z direction, and the center of the printing platform is facing the printing nozzle of the print head unit.

Feeding: Pour granular plastic pellets (the material is PLA) from the top of the 3D printing device into the feeding port of the barrel.

Quantitative: The quantitative device takes a certain volume of material A into the quantitative chamber, the drive system works, the driving slide table of the drive system slides forward slowly, and at the same time the quantitative device slides forward with the same amplitude, after sliding for a certain distance, the quantitative chamber reaches the top of the passage, Material A falls into the channel (because the bottom end of the channel is blocked by the tool head which moves into place at the same time, a certain amount of material A accumulates at the bottom of the channel).

Melting: The ultrasonic system and the dosing device continue to move forward, the tool head stops near the entrance of the spring needle valve nozzle, and then the motor of the drive system rotates in reverse quickly, so that the ultrasonic system and the dosing device move in a straight line in the opposite direction. When the ultrasonic system When the tool head moves to the back of the channel, all the material A originally accumulated in the channel enters the horizontal channel where the tool head is located; then the ultrasonic system and the dosing device continue to move in the opposite direction until the dosing chamber moves below the barrel outlet.

Then the dosing device measures the same amount of material B. Then the ultrasonic system and the dosing device start to move forward slowly and repeatedly. After sliding for a certain distance, the dosing chamber reaches the top of the channel, and the material B accumulates at the bottom of the channel. The tool head pushes the material A to continue to move forward, so that the material A is compacted. Material A melts rapidly under the joint action of ultrasonic vibration and tool head pressure. During the melting period, the tool head continues to move forward, and the pressure in the horizontal channel where the tool head is located continues to rise. When the pressure reaches the opening pressure of the spring needle valve nozzle, the material enters the bottom of the print head unit through the channel in the spring needle valve nozzle. . There is a heating coil outside the print head unit to transfer heat to keep the material at temperature.

Printing: The asynchronous motor drives the eccentric crank to rotate through the first-stage gear speed-increasing mechanism (large and small gears). The rotary motion of the eccentric crank makes the connecting rod drive the piston to move up and down in the hole of the print head base. When the piston moves downward, the tip of the piston exerts force on the molten material A of the print head unit, so that the material is finally injected onto the printing platform in the form of molten material balls one by one.

3D printing platform movement: According to the order of printing, the XY direction module moves simultaneously so that the current printing point is just below the printing nozzle. When the layer A of the 3D model is printed, the Z direction linear module works to drive the printing platform to move downward. Ready to print the next layer B.

In this embodiment, the working cycle of the print head unit is 1s, that is, the printing head unit prints a molten material ball on the printing platform per second; the working cycle of the material melting unit is 1min (including process and return), that is, the material melting The unit delivers materials to the print head unit once per minute. The volume of these materials is just equal to the output volume of the printing nozzle in one minute, that is, the volume of the material quantified by the dosing device is the output volume of the printing nozzle per minute.

Therefore, the whole device can work continuously, and the printing nozzles of the print head unit can discharge materials without interruption.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The ultrasonic plasticizing fused deposition modeling 3D printing device is characterized by comprising a support (1), a printing unit (2), a printing head unit (3) and a material melting unit (4);

the support comprises a first working platform (11) and a second working platform (12) which are arranged up and down, the first working platform is provided with the printing head unit and the material melting unit, and the second working platform is provided with the printing unit;

the material melting unit comprises an ultrasonic system (41), a quantitative device (45) and a driving system (46), wherein the quantitative device comprises a connecting rod (451), a left plate (452) and a right plate (453);

one end of the connecting rod is arranged in a cavity (441) of the second base (44), and the other end of the connecting rod extends out of the cavity and is connected with the ultrasonic system through a first connecting plate (414), so that the quantitative device and the ultrasonic system can move synchronously;

the left plate is arranged in the cavity and is fixed with one end of the connecting rod arranged in the cavity; the right plate is arranged in the cavity corresponding to the left plate, and a certain distance is arranged between the right plate and the left plate; the right plate is sleeved on the connecting rod and can move along the connecting rod, so that the distance between the right plate and the left plate is adjusted to control the amount of materials;

the ultrasonic system is used for melting materials; the driving system is used for driving the ultrasonic system to move back and forth, so that the ultrasonic system melts the material measured by the quantitative device; the printing head unit is used for transferring the molten material to the printing unit for printing.

2. An ultrasonic plasticized fused deposition modeling 3D printing apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic system comprises a tool head (411), a horn (412) and a transducer (413) connected in sequence, a first end of the tool head extending into a second end of a horizontal channel (431) disposed in the first base (43), a second end of the tool head being connected to the transducer (413) through the horn (412); the first base is fixed on the first working platform and arranged below the second base; the horizontal channel is matched with the tool head in size, so that the tool head can move back and forth in the horizontal channel; the outer side of the first end of the horizontal channel is connected with a connecting channel, and the connecting channel is communicated with the printing head unit, so that materials melted by an ultrasonic system can enter the printing head unit through the connecting channel.

3. An ultrasonic plasticized fused deposition modeling 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein the connecting channel employs a spring needle valve type nozzle (47) with its opening facing the printhead unit.

4. An ultrasonic plasticized fused deposition modeling 3D printing apparatus as in claim 2, wherein an upper surface of the second base is provided with a barrel (42), an outlet of the barrel opening into the cavity; a channel (432) is arranged below the cavity, and two ends of the channel are respectively connected with the cavity and the horizontal channel; the channel (432) is disposed proximate a first end of the horizontal channel (431).

5. The ultrasonic plasticizing fused deposition modeling (3D) printing device according to claim 2, wherein the driving system is a ball screw transmission, and the driving system comprises a driving guide groove (461) arranged on the first working platform and a driving sliding table (462) moving along the driving guide groove; the transducer pass through third L shape connecting plate (463) with the drive slip table is connected, the riser cover of third L shape connecting plate is established the stagnation point department of transducer, its diaphragm with the drive slip table is connected for actuating system's drive slip table just can drive ultrasonic system when sliding forward and advance.

6. The ultrasonic plasticizing fused deposition modeling 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein the print head unit comprises a speed increasing mechanism and a crank link mechanism, the speed increasing mechanism is used for providing power for the motion of the crank link mechanism;

the speed increasing mechanism comprises a motor (32), a coupler (33), a large gear (34) and a small gear (35), and the motor is arranged on a motor base (36); two ends of the coupler are respectively connected with the motor and the big gear, the big gear is meshed with the small gear, the motor drives the coupler to rotate, and further drives the big gear to rotate, so that the small gear is driven to rotate;

the crank-connecting rod mechanism comprises two eccentric cranks (37), a connecting rod (38) and a piston (39), the two eccentric cranks are mutually connected through a connecting piece and are respectively fixed on the inner side wall of the printing head base (31), one of the eccentric cranks is connected with the pinion, and the rotation of the pinion drives the two eccentric cranks to rotate; the connecting rod is arranged on a connecting piece between the two eccentric cranks and can move up and down along with the rotation of the eccentric cranks; the top end of the piston is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod, the lower end of the piston is in a conical tip shape, and the piston can move up and down in a pore channel of the printing head base along with the connecting rod, so that the piston can extrude molten materials in the piston; the side wall of the piston is also provided with a short pipe (391), and the short pipe is communicated with the connecting channel and the piston.

7. An ultrasonic plasticizing fused deposition modeling (3D) printing device according to claim 6, wherein a printing nozzle (311) is further disposed below the printing head base, and the printing nozzle is detachably connected with the printing head base to facilitate replacement of the printing nozzle; the lower end of the piston opens into the print nozzle.

8. An ultrasonic plasticized fused deposition modeling 3D printing apparatus as in claim 6, wherein the lower portion of the print head base is further provided with a heating coil (30) on the outside, and the heating coil is used for maintaining the temperature of the material and preventing the material from deteriorating.

9. The ultrasonic plasticizing fused deposition modeling (3D) printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing unit comprises a printing platform (21), an X-direction module (22), a Y-direction module (23) and a Z-direction module (24), the X-direction module, the Y-direction module and the Z-direction module are all driven by ball screws, and the printing unit comprises at least one group of X-direction modules;

the X-direction module comprises an X-direction guide groove (221) and an X-direction sliding table (222) moving along the X-direction guide groove, and the X-direction guide groove is arranged on the second working platform; a sliding groove (26) is arranged on the second working platform in parallel with the X-direction sliding groove, a first roller (27) moving along the sliding groove is arranged in the sliding groove, and the upper surface of the first roller and the upper surface of the X-direction sliding table are positioned on the same horizontal plane;

the Y-direction module comprises a Y-direction guide groove (231) and a Y-direction sliding table moving along the Y-direction guide groove; the X-direction module and the Y-direction module are connected by a first L-shaped connecting plate (25) which is vertically arranged, one end of a transverse plate of the first L-shaped connecting plate is arranged on the upper surface of the X-direction sliding table, the other end of the transverse plate of the first L-shaped connecting plate is arranged on the upper surface of the first roller, and the Y-direction guide groove is arranged on a vertical plate of the first L-shaped connecting plate;

the Z-direction modules comprise Z-direction guide grooves (241) and Z-direction sliding tables moving along the Z-direction guide grooves, and the back surfaces of the Z-direction guide grooves are directly or indirectly connected with the Y-direction sliding tables;

the printing platform is connected with the Z-direction sliding table through a second L-shaped connecting plate, and the second L-shaped connecting plate is arranged below the printing platform.

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