CN107474474A - A kind of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107474474A CN107474474A CN201710622958.8A CN201710622958A CN107474474A CN 107474474 A CN107474474 A CN 107474474A CN 201710622958 A CN201710622958 A CN 201710622958A CN 107474474 A CN107474474 A CN 107474474A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
- C08G8/08—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ
- C08G8/10—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with phenol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/05—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymer components which can react with one another
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
- C08L2312/04—Crosslinking with phenolic resin
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Abstract
A kind of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite and preparation method thereof, prepares solvent of the mixture of lithium hydroxide, urea and water as cellulose, adds native cellulose, freeze, room-temperature dissolution after taking-up, then freezed after stirring, repeat 1 ~ 4 time, until obtaining transparent cellulose solution；Cellulose solution is poured into glass, heat-induced gel；Then fully washed with deionized water, obtain cellulose aquagel；Using phenol, formaldehyde, water as raw material, sodium hydroxide prepares phenolic resin as base catalyst, reaction adjusts pH value to neutrality after terminating, it is dehydrated and is filtered by reduced vacuum and purified, by phenolic resin dispersion after purification in the in the mixed solvent of second alcohol and water, formation phenol resin solution.Cellulose aquagel is immersed in phenol resin solution, rinses well to be placed in baking oven with deionized water after taking-up and solidifies, obtains cellulose/phenolic resin composite, the field such as manufactures available for automobile friction, Corrosion Resistant Frp.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass field of polymer composite material, and in particular to a kind of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin is compound
Material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Phenolic resin is the polymer obtained by phenols and aldehyde compound under catalyst action through polycondensation reaction, is one
Class synthesizes and realizes industrialized important macromolecule resin earliest.Simple production process, the efficiency high of phenolic resin, have preferable
Dimensional stability, electrical insulating property, anti-flammability and chemical resistance, so being obtained in fields such as army's industry, mining industry, transport services
To being widely applied.But fragility is big after the solidification that is determined of its production process and self structure, heat resistance is low and pliability
Low defect, makes it be subject to certain restrictions in actual applications.Thus researcher always searches for effective phenolic resin
Toughening modifying method, to make to be greatly improved on material property.
Cellulose is the renewable natural macromolecular material that source is the abundantest in nature.It is estimated that the whole world is annual logical
The cellulose of photosynthesis synthesis is crossed more than 75,000,000,000 tons.Cellulose has high-crystallinity, high activity and than Kevlar fibre in itself
High Young's modulus is tieed up, so the introducing of cellulose will produce to performances such as phenolic resin mechanical property in itself, heat endurances
Significant impact.Current research is concentrated mainly on using nano-cellulose as filler to strengthen high polymer material.Nanofiber
Plain surface is rich in hydroxyl, easily reunites in vivo polymer-based, it is difficult to and it is scattered, generally using preceding needing to carry out nano-cellulose
Modification, cause preparation process cumbersome, complex operation, the performance of product depends on reaction condition, is unfavorable for the industry of product
Metaplasia is produced.Therefore, developing a kind of easy and effective, green method makes cellulose is dispersed in phenolic resin can have
Effect reaches the purpose of enhancing phenolic resin composite mechanical property.The present invention comes therefrom.
The content of the invention
The technical problem of solution：The present invention for current cellulose in high polymer material skewness, it is necessary to be grafted
The shortcomings of modified, there is provided a kind of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite and preparation method thereof, cellulose is not required in the present invention
Modification can be dispersed in phenolic resin as matrix resin, the method for realizing effectively enhancing phenolic resin composite.The present invention carries
Go out using the cellulose aquagel with loose structure as enhancing phase, by infusion process, to the pore space structure of cellulose aquagel
Situ introduces phenolic resin, it is bonded as an entirety, and cellulosic material can be uniformly distributed and rise in phenolic resin
To the effect for transmitting load, so as to improve the combination property of resin.Obtained cellulose/phenolic resin composite can be used for
The fields such as automobile friction, Corrosion Resistant Frp manufacture.
Technical scheme：A kind of preparation method of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite, comprises the following steps：(1) match somebody with somebody
Solvent of the mixture of hydrogen manufacturing lithia, urea and water as cellulose, native cellulose is added, -26 are placed in after stirring
1~4h is freezed at a temperature of~-60 DEG C, room-temperature dissolution after taking-up, is freezed at a temperature of being then placed in -26~-60 DEG C again, this is cold
Jelly-course of dissolution repeats 1~4 time, until obtaining transparent cellulose solution；Cellulose solution is poured into glass, juxtaposition
1~3h heat-induced gels in 30~80 DEG C of baking ovens；Then fully washed with deionized water, obtain cellulose aquagel；(2) with benzene
Phenol, formaldehyde, water are raw material, and sodium hydroxide prepares phenolic resin, react and adjust pH value extremely through HCl after terminating as base catalyst
Neutrality, is dehydrated by reduced vacuum and suction filtration is purified, and phenolic resin dispersion after purification is molten in the mixing of second alcohol and water
In agent, phenol resin solution is formed.(3) step (1) made cellulose aquagel is immersed in the phenolic resin that step (2) matched somebody with somebody
12~24h in solution, rinsed well after taking-up with deionized water and be placed in 12~48h of solidification in 50~90 DEG C of baking ovens, obtain fiber
Element/phenolic resin composite
The quality of cellulose solvent lithium hydroxide/urea/water is 1/ (0.01~0.6)/(2 than scope in above-mentioned steps (1)
~10).
Native cellulose used is from cotton, timber, waste paper, flax, maize straw, rice straw in above-mentioned steps (1)
One kind in stalk, wheat stalk, bagasse, potato slag, dregs of beans.
The solid content of made cellulose aquagel is 1~8%g/g in above-mentioned steps (1).
The molecular weight of made phenolic resin is 900~10000 dalton in above-mentioned steps (2).
The volume ratio of in the mixed solvent second alcohol and water is 20/80 in above-mentioned steps (2).
The solid content that phenol resin solution used in cellulose/phenolic resin composite is prepared in above-mentioned steps (3) is 10
~90wt.%.
Cellulose/phenolic resin composite that the above method obtains.
Beneficial effect：The present invention dissolves cellulose using lithium hydroxide/urea/aqueous systems as solvent, it is not necessary to using having
Malicious solvent, the preparation process of cellulose aquagel is simple, environmentally friendly.The present invention utilizes the loose structure of cellulose aquagel
Original position introduces phenolic resin and prepares cellulose/phenolic resin composite, on the one hand can guarantee that cellulose in phenolic resin
Distributing homogeneity, on the other hand in Analysis on Curing Process of Phenolic, the great amount of hydroxy group of cellulose surface may participate in reaction, such energy
Cellulose and phenolic resin intermolecular hydrogen bonding or covalent bond is made full use of to form cross-linked network to improve the interior knot of composite
Close intensity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is cellulose/phenolic resin composite figure that under various concentrations prepared by phenol resin solution, wherein (a) is
Cellulose/phenolic resin composite that under low concentration prepared by phenol resin solution, ＜ 40wt.%；(b) it is phenolic aldehyde under high concentration
Cellulose/phenolic resin composite prepared by resin solution, ＞ 45wt.%.
Embodiment
Following examples further illustrate present disclosure, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.Without departing substantially from
In the case of spirit and essence of the invention, the modification and replacement made to the inventive method, step or condition, the present invention is belonged to
Scope.
Unless otherwise specified, the conventional meanses that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
(1) prepare lithium hydroxide/urea/water quality than the cellulose solvent for 1/0.09/4, by powdery cellulose plus
Enter in above-mentioned solvent, be placed in after stirring in -26 DEG C of refrigerator and freeze 4h, room-temperature dissolution after taking-up, then place into -26 DEG C
Refrigerator in freezed, the freezing-course of dissolution is repeated 3 times, and obtains transparent cellulose solution.Cellulose solution is poured into
In glass, 2h heat-induced gels in 60 DEG C of baking ovens are placed in.Then fully washed with deionized water, obtain cellulose aquagel.
(2) phenol and 37% formalin are added into three-necked flask, wherein phenol/formaldehyde mol ratio is 1:2, then
PH value is adjusted to 8~9 with 20wt.% sodium hydroxides, and 1h is reacted at 75 DEG C, then adjusts pH value then to be depressurized to neutrality with HCl
Vacuum dehydration, phenolic resin is re-dissolved in ethanol, the NaCl for removing generation is then filtered, finally by phenolic aldehyde after purification
Resin is dissolved in the ethanol/water system that volume ratio is 20/80, obtains 10wt.% phenol resin solutions.
(3) phenolic resin that the cellulose aquagel that 10g solid contents are 4% is immersed in 30mL solid contents 10wt.% is molten
24h in liquid, it is placed in after being rinsed well after taking-up with deionized water in 75 DEG C of baking ovens and solidifies 24h, it is multiple to obtain cellulose/phenolic resin
Condensation material.
Embodiment 2
(1) lithium hydroxide/urea/water quality is prepared than the cellulose solvent for 1/0.4/8, and powdery cellulose is added
In above-mentioned solvent, it is placed in after stirring in -26 DEG C of refrigerator and freezes 4h, room-temperature dissolution after taking-up, then places into -26 DEG C
Freezed in refrigerator, the freezing-course of dissolution is repeated 2 times, and obtains transparent cellulose solution.Cellulose solution is poured into glass
In glass cup, 2h heat-induced gels in 60 DEG C of baking ovens are placed in.Then fully washed with deionized water, obtain cellulose aquagel.
(2) phenol and 37% formalin are added into three-necked flask, wherein phenol/formaldehyde mol ratio is 1:2, then
PH value is adjusted to 8~9 with 20wt.% sodium hydroxides, and 1h is reacted at 75 DEG C, then adjusts pH value then to be depressurized to neutrality with HCl
Vacuum dehydration, phenolic resin is re-dissolved in ethanol, the NaCl for removing generation is then filtered, finally by phenolic aldehyde after purification
Resin is dissolved in the ethanol/water system that volume ratio is 20/80, obtains 40wt.% phenol resin solutions.
(3) phenolic resin that the cellulose aquagel that 10g solid contents are 4% is immersed in 30mL solid contents 40wt.% is molten
24h in liquid, it is placed in after being rinsed well after taking-up with deionized water in 75 DEG C of baking ovens and solidifies 24h, it is multiple to obtain cellulose/phenolic resin
Condensation material.
Embodiment 3
(1) prepare lithium hydroxide/urea/water quality than the cellulose solvent for 1/0.5/10, by powdery cellulose plus
Enter in above-mentioned solvent, be placed in after stirring in -26 DEG C of refrigerator and freeze 4h, room-temperature dissolution after taking-up, then place into -26 DEG C
Refrigerator in freezed, the freezing-course of dissolution is repeated 2 times, and obtains transparent cellulose solution.Cellulose solution is poured into
In glass, 2h heat-induced gels in 60 DEG C of baking ovens are placed in.Then fully washed with deionized water, obtain cellulose aquagel.
(2) phenol and 37% formalin are added into three-necked flask, wherein phenol/formaldehyde mol ratio is 1:2, then
PH value is adjusted to 8~9 with 20wt.% sodium hydroxides, and 1h is reacted at 75 DEG C, then adjusts pH value then to be depressurized to neutrality with HCl
Vacuum dehydration, phenolic resin is re-dissolved in ethanol, the NaCl for removing generation is then filtered, finally by phenolic aldehyde after purification
Resin is dissolved in the ethanol/water system that volume ratio is 20/80, obtains 60wt.% phenol resin solutions.
(3) phenolic resin that the cellulose aquagel that 10g solid contents are 4% is immersed in 30mL solid contents 60wt.% is molten
24h in liquid, it is placed in after being rinsed well after taking-up with deionized water in 75 DEG C of baking ovens and solidifies 24h, it is multiple to obtain cellulose/phenolic resin
Condensation material.
Embodiment 4
(1) prepare lithium hydroxide/urea/water quality than the cellulose solvent for 1/0.6/10, by powdery cellulose plus
Enter in above-mentioned solvent, be placed in after stirring in -26 DEG C of refrigerator and freeze 4h, room-temperature dissolution after taking-up, then place into -26 DEG C
Refrigerator in freezed, the freezing-course of dissolution is repeated 1 times, and obtains transparent cellulose solution.Cellulose solution is poured into
In glass, 2h heat-induced gels in 60 DEG C of baking ovens are placed in.Then fully washed with deionized water, obtain cellulose aquagel.
(2) phenol and 37% formalin are added into three-necked flask, wherein phenol/formaldehyde mol ratio is 1:2, then
PH value is adjusted to 8~9 with 20wt.% sodium hydroxides, and 1h is reacted at 75 DEG C, then adjusts pH value then to be depressurized to neutrality with HCl
Vacuum dehydration, phenolic resin is re-dissolved in ethanol, the NaCl for removing generation is then filtered, finally by phenolic aldehyde after purification
Resin is dissolved in the ethanol/water system that volume ratio is 20/80, obtains 60wt.% phenol resin solutions.
(3) phenolic resin that the cellulose aquagel that 10g solid contents are 6% is immersed in 30mL solid contents 60wt.% is molten
24h in liquid, it is placed in after being rinsed well after taking-up with deionized water in 75 DEG C of baking ovens and solidifies 24h, it is multiple to obtain cellulose/phenolic resin
Condensation material.
Embodiment 5
The preparation of pure phenolic resin：Phenol is added into three-necked flask and 37% formalin, wherein phenol/formaldehyde are rubbed
You are than being 1:2, pH value then is adjusted to 8~9 with 20wt.% sodium hydroxides, and 1h is reacted at 75 DEG C, then adjusts pH value with HCl
To neutrality, then reduced vacuum dehydration, phenolic resin is re-dissolved in ethanol, is then filtered the NaCl for removing generation, is obtained
To pure phenolic resin.Phenolic resin is placed in glass, solidifies 24h in 75 DEG C of baking ovens.
Embodiment 6
Cellulose/phenolic resin composite performance is characterized.From apparent form (Fig. 1), it is immersed in low dense
The cellulose aquagel spent in phenol resin solution, easily curls, volume contraction is than more serious, in high concentration in the curing process
Phenol resin solution in the cellulose aquagel that soaked, smooth composite is can obtain after solidification.Mechanics Performance Testing
Show, compared with pure phenolic resin, impact strength, bending strength and the bending modulus of cellulose/phenolic resin composite
All increase.The present invention mutually prepares cellulose/phenolic resin composite using biological material cellulose as enhancing, drops
Low production cost, be advantageous to the industrialized production of composite.On the other hand, the present invention is ingenious utilizes the more of cellulose aquagel
Pore structure is in situ to introduce phenolic resin, and realizing cellulosic material can dispersed purpose in the polymer without modification.
The mechanical property of 1 cellulose of table/phenolic resin composite
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：（1）Match somebody with somebody
Solvent of the mixture of hydrogen manufacturing lithia, urea and water as cellulose, native cellulose is added, -26 are placed in after stirring
1 ~ 4h is freezed at a temperature of ~ -60 DEG C, room-temperature dissolution after taking-up, is freezed at a temperature of being then placed in -26 ~ -60 DEG C again, the freezing -
Course of dissolution repeats 1 ~ 4 time, until obtaining transparent cellulose solution；Cellulose solution is poured into glass, it is placed in 30 ~
1 ~ 3h heat-induced gels in 80 DEG C of baking ovens；Then fully washed with deionized water, obtain cellulose aquagel；（2）With phenol, first
Aldehyde, water are raw material, and sodium hydroxide prepares phenolic resin as base catalyst, and reaction through HCl adjusts pH value to neutrality after terminating,
By reduced vacuum be dehydrated and filter purified, by phenolic resin dispersion after purification second alcohol and water in the mixed solvent,
Form phenol resin solution；（3）By step（1）Made cellulose aquagel is immersed in step（2）The phenol resin solution matched somebody with somebody
In 12 ~ 24h, rinsed well after taking-up with deionized water and be placed in 12 ~ 48h of solidification in 50 ~ 90 DEG C of baking ovens, obtain cellulose/phenolic aldehyde
Resin composite materials.
A kind of 2. preparation method of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State step（1）The quality of middle cellulose solvent lithium hydroxide/urea/water is 1/ than scope（0.01~0.6）/（2~10）.
A kind of 3. preparation method of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State step（1）In native cellulose used from cotton, timber, waste paper, flax, maize straw, rice straw, Wheat Straw
One kind in stalk, bagasse, potato slag, dregs of beans.
A kind of 4. preparation method of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State step（1）In the solid content of made cellulose aquagel be 1 ~ 8% g/g.
A kind of 5. preparation method of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State step（2）In the molecular weight of made phenolic resin be 900 ~ 10000 dalton.
A kind of 6. preparation method of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State step（2）The volume ratio of middle in the mixed solvent second alcohol and water is 20/80.
A kind of 7. preparation method of cellulose enhancing phenolic resin composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State step（3）The middle solid content for preparing phenol resin solution used in cellulose/phenolic resin composite is 10 ~ 90wt.%.
8. cellulose/phenolic resin composite that any methods described of claim 1 ~ 7 obtains.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN116082696A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-05-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Water-based phenolic aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN116715935A (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-08 | 中交建筑集团有限公司 | Building thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN116715935A (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-08 | 中交建筑集团有限公司 | Building thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN116715935B (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2024-01-16 | 中交建筑集团有限公司 | Building thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20171215 |