CN107468269A - A kind of positron emission tomography device and method - Google Patents
A kind of positron emission tomography device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of positron emission tomography device and method, including the detector system module and computer system module being mutually detachably connected, detector system module includes clock module, detector, interchanger and power supply, in computer system module, detector configuration module is removably communicated to connect to carry out parameter configuration to detector with detector；The input of image-forming information acquisition module is removably communicated to connect to receive image-forming information data with interchanger；Pulse information is analyzed and processing module communicates to connect with image-forming information acquisition module so that image-forming information data are converted into burst length, energy and positional information；Meet event examination module and pulse information analysis and processing module communicates to connect and is converted to burst length, energy and positional information and meets event to information；Image reconstruction module carries out image reconstruction.The present invention is applied to the PET imaging systems of any individual demand, and realization is directed to application-specific fast imaging whenever and wherever possible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of a kind of imaging device of medical imaging field and method, relates more specifically to a kind of positive electron
Emission tomography device and method.
Background technology
Positron emission tomography instrument (Positron Emission Tomography, hereinafter referred to as PET) is a kind of
The molecular medicine imaging device at tip, noninvasive, quantitative, the dynamically metaboilic level of each organ, life in assessment organism can be achieved
Change reaction and functional activity.PET is because of the characteristic of its functional imaging, in tumour, disease of cardiovascular system and the nervous system disease etc.
Early diagnosis, treatment planning, curative effect evaluation and new nuclear medicine tracer and molecular probe research, new drug development, targeting
There is unique application value in the research fields such as treatment technology.
Traditional PET is by detector module, data acquisition (Data Acquisition, hereinafter referred to as DAQ) module and figure
As rebuilding module three parts composition.The subject that injecting has radionuclide, which is organized in metabolic process, to be run into electronics and falls into oblivion
Go out, produce the γ photons that multipair energy is identical, in opposite direction；Detector module detects γ photons and converts thereof into electric signal；
Data acquisition module is handled, analyzed and corrected to the electric signal detected by electronic system, obtains meeting event letter
Breath；Image reconstruction module is with the metabolism activity distributed image that event information reconstructs subject is met, so as to help disease
Diagnosis.
The front end electricity that DAQ modules in traditional PET are often mixed using special modulus (analog circuit and digital circuit)
Son learns design method, and geometry is closed and system is fixed, and causes the adaptability, scalability, upgradability of system to receive greatly
Limit, and targetedly generally require to carry out system hardware largely adjustment using adjustment or optimization or even develop again,
Cost dearly, cause its application significantly limited.
At present, deepening continuously with PET applications, property of the application such as accurate quantification, non-continuous noise, targeted therapy to PET
Higher requirement can be proposed with structure, being suitable for the PET system of individuation imaging object and expansion application scenarios turns into trend
One of.
Therefore, for above-mentioned present situation, it is necessary to provide a kind of flexible structure, can plug and play PET imaging methods and dress
Put, to overcome PET system structure closing in the prior art, be not easy that neatly structure is carried out to expand the defects of adjusting.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of positron emission tomography device and method, so as to solve in the prior art
The closing of PET system structure, adaptability it is not high and the problem of can not flexibly use.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that providing a kind of positron emission tomography device
And method, the positron emission tomography device include the detector system module and computer system being mutually detachably connected
Module, wherein, detector system module includes：Clock module, the clock module produce clock sync signal；Detector, institute
State the input of detector and the clock module output end removably communicate to connect with receive the clock module when
Clock synchronizing signal, the detector detect gammaphoton and the gammaphoton are converted into image-forming information data；Interchanger, institute
The output end of the input and the detector of stating interchanger is removably communicated to connect to collect the institute of the detector detection
State image-forming information data；The input of power supply, the power supply and the clock module, the detector and the interchanger can
The electrical connection of dismounting is to be powered；Computer system module includes：Detector configuration module, the detector configuration module with
The input of the detector is removably communicated to connect to carry out parameter configuration to the detector；Image-forming information obtains mould
Block, removably communication connection is described to receive with the output end of the interchanger for the input of the image-forming information acquisition module
Image-forming information data；Pulse information is analyzed and processing module, the input of pulse information analysis and processing module with it is described
The output end of image-forming information acquisition module is communicated to connect so that the image-forming information data are converted into burst length, energy and position
Information；Meet event and screen module, input and the pulse information analysis and processing mould for meeting event and screening module
The output end communication connection of block, the event that meets screen module by setting time window, energy window by the burst length, energy
Amount and positional information, which are converted to, meets event to information；Image reconstruction module, described image rebuild module and meet event with described
Screen module communication connection and described meet event to receive to information and carry out image reconstruction.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the computer system module also includes Data correction module, described image
Rebuild module and module communication connection is screened by the Data correction module and the event that meets, the Data correction module
Input with it is described meet event and screen the output end of module communicate to connect and described meet event to information, the data to receive
Correction module to information progress correction for attenuation or scatter correction acquisition to the event that meets by accurately meeting the time pair
Information, the input of output end and described image the reconstruction module of the Data correction module are connected to rebuild mould to described image
Block, which is sent, accurately meets event to information.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the detector is digital pet detector, the geometry that the detector is formed
Structure includes plate shaped, polygon, annular or irregular shape.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the pulse information analysis and processing module pass through scintillation pulse prior information
Analysis, preference pattern is fitted to pulse shape, obtains the relevant informations such as arrival time of pulse, energy, position.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the interchanger, the detector, the clock module and the calculating
Removably communicated to connect by serial ports, usb communication line or netting twine between machine system module.
The positron emission tomography (PET) method comprises the following steps：
Step S1：According to imaging object demand, Solid-state pet detector system parameter is determined；
Step S2：The Solid-state pet detector system is built, the Solid-state pet detector system includes clock module, detector, friendship
Change planes and power supply, removably communicated to connect between the clock module and the detector, the detector and the friendship
Removably communicated to connect between changing planes, between the power supply and the clock module, the detector and the interchanger
Dismountable electrical connection；
Step S3：Parameter detector configuration is carried out in computer system module；
Step S4：Prepare subject, the subject be put into the Solid-state pet detector system, scans the subject,
Image-forming information data are sent into the computer system module simultaneously；
Step S5：Pulse data analysis is carried out to the image-forming information data by the computer system module, met
Event examination, Data correction and image reconstruction.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the step S1, the imaging object demand includes user will be into
The subject type of picture and the index of required observation, the index of required observation include spatial resolution, energy resolution, when
Between one or more of resolution ratio, signal to noise ratio, contrast, sensitivity or user-defined criterion；It is to be determined
The Solid-state pet detector system parameter includes parameter detector, type photodetector, detector number and detector system geometry knot
Structure.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the step S3, parameter detector includes detector source IP, purpose
IP, source port number, destination slogan, the threshold information and detector output data type of the sampling of multivoltage threshold value, detector ginseng
Number configuration is completed by the detector configuration module in the computer system module.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the step S4, the subject includes penetrating source and containing radioactivity
Prosthese, animals and plants or the people of tracer；Prepare subject be included in the prosthese, animals and plants or people inject radionuclide,
Source is penetrated using the prosthese of special shape or using special shape；The subject is placed in the Solid-state pet detector system and is imaged
Central region position；The image-forming information data include pulse MVT voltage threshold informations, sampled point temporal information, positional information
And detector system geometry information.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in step s 5, pulse data analysis include pulse fitting, energy balane and
Arrival time calculates.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in step s 5, the event that meets is screened including meeting event analysis, institute
State and meet event analysis and include Accurate Analysis and quick analysis, wherein, the Accurate Analysis mode is：The image-forming information number of feeding
According to arrival time, energy and the positional information for first passing through scintillation pulse signal analysis acquisition scintillation pulse, by accurately meeting
EventSelect, acquisition accurately meet event information, and subject image is obtained by carrying out image reconstruction after Data correction；Institute
Stating quick analysis mode is：The image-forming information data of feeding directly use the first sampled point without scintillation pulse signal analysis
Temporal information carry out it is rough meet EventSelect, obtain rather rough meets event time, positional information.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in step s 5, the Data correction includes entering by CT or collection of illustrative plates mode
Row correction for attenuation, normalization or scatter correction.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in step s 5, image reconstruction is using parsing and the method for iteration, including three
Dimension parsing, two-dimensional analysis and three-dimensional iterative and two-dimensional iteration, in addition to parsing and the method for iteration addition flight-time information.
Positron emission tomography device and method provided by the invention, the imaging device can be directed to different application and need
The fast construction for realizing per-sonalization structures whenever and wherever possible is sought, and obtains clearly imaging results, accomplishes plug and play.Base of the present invention
In digital pet detector and computer software, can quickly it realize whenever and wherever possible, its system architecture can be adjusted arbitrarily according to demand
Whole, software section uses generic structure, is applicable all systems.The imaging method of the present invention can be realized suitable by relatively low cost
For the PET imaging systems of any individual demand, accomplish to be directed to application-specific fast imaging whenever and wherever possible, be applicable to people
The early diagnosis of body, particularly animal and plant body disease detection, tumour, nervous system, angiocarpy etc. disease and proton are controlled
Treat etc..
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of positron emission tomography device according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the arrangement signal of the detection ring of positron emission tomography device according to an embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is that the arrangement of the detection ring of positron emission tomography device according to another embodiment of the invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 4 is that the arrangement of the detection ring of positron emission tomography device according to still another embodiment of the invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is the step schematic diagram of positron emission tomography (PET) method according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the cloth of the subject of positron emission tomography device and method according to an embodiment of the invention
Put schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the arrangement schematic diagram according to the detection ring of Fig. 6 positron emission tomography device and method；
Fig. 8 is the imaging results schematic diagram according to Fig. 7 positron emission tomography device and method；
Fig. 9 is the cloth of the detection ring of positron emission tomography device and method in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention
Put schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the imaging results schematic diagram according to Fig. 9 positron emission tomography device and method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.It should be understood that following examples are merely to illustrate this
Invention is not for limitation the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is according to the structural representation of the positron emission tomography device of one embodiment of the present of invention, by Fig. 1
Understand, positron emission tomography device provided by the invention, including Solid-state pet detector system module 10 and computer system mould
Block 20, wherein, Solid-state pet detector system module 10 includes power supply 11, interchanger 12, detector 13 and clock module 14, calculates
Machine system module 20 include detector configuration module 21, image-forming information acquisition module 22, pulse information analysis and processing module 23,
Meet event and screen module 24, Data correction module 25 and image reconstruction module 26, the friendship in Solid-state pet detector system module 10
12 output end of changing planes is connected with the input of the image-forming information acquisition module 22 in computer system module 20, computer system
The output end of detector configuration module 21 in module 20 and the input phase of the detector 13 in Solid-state pet detector system module 10
Even.
More specifically, the output end of power supply 11 in Solid-state pet detector system module 10 respectively with interchanger 12, detector 13
And the input of clock module 14 is electrically connected to be powered respectively to interchanger 12, detector 13, clock module 14；Clock
The output end of module 14 is communicated to connect to control the clock of all detectors 13 same by the input of clock line and detector 13
Step operation；The output end of detector 13 is communicated to connect by the input of gigabit network cable and interchanger 12, and detector 13 is used to visit
Survey and deposit gammaphoton, while gammaphoton is converted into electric signal, these electric signals are imaged information data, detector 13
Further the image-forming information data collected are transferred in interchanger 12 by gigabit network cable；The output end of interchanger 12 enters one
Step and the input of image-forming information acquisition module 22 are communicated to connect with by above-mentioned image-forming information data transfer to computer system mould
In block 20.
The output end of detector configuration module 21 in computer system module 20 is defeated by layout line and detector 13
Enter parameter configuration of the end communication connection for detector 13；The input of image-forming information acquisition module 22 by gigabit network cable or
The output end of optical fiber and interchanger 12 is communicated to connect to receive image-forming information data, and image-forming information acquisition module 22 can use network interface card
Receive image-forming information data；Pulse information is analyzed and the output end of the input of processing module 23 and image-forming information acquisition module 22
Communicate to connect to receive image-forming information data and image-forming information data are converted into burst length, energy and positional information；Pulse
The output end of information analysis and processing module 23 and meet event and screen the input of module 24 and communicate to connect with to meeting event
Screen module 24 and transmit burst length, energy and positional information, pulse information analysis and processing module 23 are first by scintillation pulse
Information analysis is tested, selects suitable model to be fitted pulse shape, obtains the phases such as arrival time of pulse, energy, position
Close information；Meet event and screen module 24 by setting time window, energy window to believe above-mentioned pulse arrival time, energy and position
Breath, which is converted to, to be met event to information and exports to Data correction module 25；Data correction module 25 receives and corrects above-mentioned meet
Event, by carrying out correction for attenuation, scatter correction for each system, obtains accurate data to information；Image reconstruction module 26
Communicated to connect with Data correction module 25 and meet precise information and panel detector structure information of the event to information according to above-mentioned
Image reconstruction is carried out, obtains the distributed image of subject activity.
In positron emission tomography device provided by the invention, the image-forming information data that detector 13 collects include
Pulse MVT (Multi-Voltage Threshold) voltage threshold information, sampled point temporal information, positional information and detector
System geometries information, wherein, more specifically, for the scintillation pulse comprising quick rising edge and slow trailing edge,
Corresponding two time point informations of one voltage threshold, sampled point temporal information are adopted down when can be to be sampled using 4 voltage thresholds
8 time point informations；After scintillation pulse is detected by detector, detector can gather the scintillation pulse in ring is detected
Positional information and detect positional information of the corresponding crystal bar of the pulse in detector；Scintillation pulse prior information includes using
The substantial amounts of scintillation pulse that identical detector and imaging nucleic collect to high sampling rate oscillograph obtains after carrying out statistical analysis
Take the shape or noise model information of scintillation pulse；Meeting the time difference that event refers to that two gammaphotons are detected is setting
Time window in and energy also in the energy window of setting, that is, think to come from once to bury in oblivion caused by a pair of gammaphotons,
Meet event and screen to find and bury in oblivion caused gammaphoton pair each time；The event that meets after correction includes meeting to information
Positional information, energy information and the reaching time-difference information of event；Panel detector structure information includes the system geometry letter of detection ring
Breath, characterize detector puts shape and position.
In positron emission tomography device provided by the invention, power supply 11, interchanger 12, detector 13, clock mould
Mutual removable of the realizations such as serial ports, usb communication line, gigabit network cable is connected through between block 14 and computer system module 20
Communication connection is unloaded, the structure of Solid-state pet detector system can arbitrarily adjust according to user's imaging demand, can realize whenever and wherever possible quick
Structural Transformation, so as to be directed to application-specific fast imaging, any personalized PET imagings need can be realized with relatively low cost
Ask.
It is also to be noted that the number of detector 13 can be selected according to actual use demand in Fig. 1, interchanger
12 number and the number of detector 13 match, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that interchanger 12 is according to detector 13
Quantity is selected, and need to ensure that the input port number of interchanger 12 is more than or equal to the number of detector 13 to receive all detectors
Information, such as, when the number of detector 13 is 1, the number of interchanger 12 is 0, directly passes through gigabit network cable so as to detector 13
By the image-forming information data transfer detected into image-forming information acquisition module 22.The ring that detector 13 forms can also include more
Kind of shape and structure, concrete shape determine according to imaging demand, such as, when requiring very high to imaging precision, when disregarding cost,
Traditional loop configuration can be used；When being navigated for radiotherapy, using more easily slab construction.Computer system module 20
The combination and operational process of middle various pieces also can according to imaging it needs to be determined that, it is not limited to the above situation.
Fig. 2 is the detection ring structure according to the positron emission tomography device of one embodiment of the present of invention, wherein,
Detection ring 30 is arranged as slab construction parallel up and down, and each flat board detects and several detectors 13 are included in ring 30, and upper and lower two
The face of each detector 13 arrangement in individual flat board detection ring 30.
Fig. 3 is the detection ring structure according to the positron emission tomography device of an alternative embodiment of the invention, its
In, single detection ring 40 is slab construction, and four detection rings 40 connect form quadrilateral structure from beginning to end, and each flat board detects ring
Several detectors 13 are included in 40, upper and lower two flat boards detection ring 40 and the flat board of left and right two detect each spy in ring 40
Survey the face of device 13 arrangement.
Fig. 4 be according to the present invention another embodiment positron emission tomography device detection ring structure, its
In, several detector modules 50 are formed as the detection ring of cirque structure, and each detector module 50 may include multiple detections
Device 13.
Fig. 5 is according to the schematic flow sheet of the positron emission tomography (PET) method of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the present invention
The positron emission tomography (PET) method of offer, comprises the following steps：
Step S1：According to imaging object demand, Solid-state pet detector system parameter is determined；
Step S2：Build Solid-state pet detector system；
Step S3：Parameter detector configuration is carried out in computer system module；
Step S4：Prepare subject, subject is put into Solid-state pet detector system, scan subject, while imaging is believed
Data are ceased to be sent into computer system module；
Step S5：Image-forming information data are carried out by computer system module pulse data analysis, meet event screen,
Data correction and image reconstruction；
Wherein, in step sl, imaging object demand includes subject type and the required observation that user to be imaged
Index, the index of required observation includes spatial resolution, energy resolution, temporal resolution, signal to noise ratio, contrast, spirit
One or more of sensitivity or user-defined criterion；Solid-state pet detector system parameter to be determined includes detection
Device parameter, type photodetector, detector number and detector system geometry, Solid-state pet detector system parameter both can automatically, partly
Automatically determine, can also be determined according to artificial experience and practice.
In step s 2, the step of building Solid-state pet detector system specifically includes：According to build Solid-state pet detector system into
As object demand and PET system parameter request connect detector, clock module, electricity respectively by layout line, netting twine, optical fiber etc.
Source, interchanger and computer, embodiment of the specific connected mode with reference to shown in figure 1；Wherein, detector is preferably using numeral
Pet detector, for exporting the image-forming information data such as digit pulse sample information；Scintillation crystal can be used by detector
The common scintillation crystal of PET system, such as yttrium luetcium silicate crystal (LYSO), lanthanum bromide crystal (LaBr3), bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal
Or yttrium silicate crystal (YSO) etc. (BGO)；The specification of scintillation crystal can be wanted according to PET system parameter used by detector
Ask and be cut into diversified, for example sectional area is 2mm*2mm, 6mm*6mm or 8mm*8mm；The photoelectricity matched with detector
Device can also use common photoelectric device, such as photomultiplier (PMT) or silicon photomultiplier (SiPM).In the present invention
Detector geometry determines according to imaging object demand in step S1 used by PET system, such as, traditional ring can be used
Shape structure, can also use slab construction, can also use polygon, for example, quadrangle, hexagon, octagon, dodecagon or
Other irregular shapes.
In step s3, parameter detector includes detector source IP, purpose IP, source port number, destination slogan, multivoltage
The threshold information and detector output data type of threshold value sampling (MVT), the configuration of parameter detector pass through computer system mould
Detector configuration module in block is completed.
In step s 4, subject may be selected to penetrate source, prosthese, animals and plants or people, and wherein prosthese, animals and plants or people needs to note
Penetrate radioactive tracer；Prepare subject be included in organism inject radionuclide, using special shape prosthese or make
With the source of penetrating of special shape, such as point source, rod source；Subject is put into Solid-state pet detector system and refers to subject being placed on PET
It is adapted to the region of imaging in detector system, the region is usually visual field (Field of View, abbreviation FOV) centre bit
Put；Image-forming information data include pulse MVT (Multi-Voltage Threshold) voltage threshold information, the sampled point time believes
Breath, positional information and detector system geometry information, wherein, more specifically, for comprising quick rising edge and slowly
Trailing edge scintillation pulse, corresponding two time point informations of voltage threshold, sampled point temporal information can be using 4 electricity
8 time point informations under being adopted during pressure threshold value sampling.
In step s 5, the image-forming information data being sent into computer system module based on detector scanning enter horizontal pulse
Data analysis, meet event screen, Data correction and image reconstruction operation, obtain the activity distributed image of subject, power spectrum, when
Between spectrum etc. information, wherein, pulse data analysis include pulse fitting, energy balane and arrival time calculating, wherein, it is used herein
Pulse approximating method can according to detector input pulse information be selected in database, such as detector based on PMT
Calculating can be fitted using straight line exponential model, the detector based on SiPM can be fitted calculating using biexponential model；
Meet event to screen including meeting event analysis, meeting event analysis includes Accurate Analysis and quick analysis, wherein, Accurate Analysis
Mode is：The image-forming information data of feeding first pass through scintillation pulse signal analysis obtain arrival time of scintillation pulse, energy and
Positional information, meet EventSelect by accurate, acquisition accurately meets event information, by carrying out figure after Data correction
Subject image is obtained as rebuilding, arrival time refers to corresponding time when scintillation pulse voltage is 0 after the Fitting Calculation；Quick point
Analysis mode is：The image-forming information data of feeding directly use the first sampled point temporal information without scintillation pulse signal analysis
Carry out it is rough meet EventSelect, obtain it is rough meet event time, positional information, by directly entering after Data correction
Row image reconstruction.In the case where imaging precision requires that the requirement of very low and imaging time is very high, quick analysis side can be selected
Formula.In addition, the method for sampling of scintillation pulse samples (MVT) method for multivoltage threshold value in the present invention, can also ADC be used to sample.
Data correction includes carrying out correction for attenuation, normalization or scatter correction by CT or collection of illustrative plates mode；Image reconstruction can be adopted
With parsing and the method for iteration, including 3 D analysis, two-dimensional analysis and three-dimensional iterative and two-dimensional iteration, in addition to parsing and changing
The method that generation adds flight time (Time of Flight, abbreviation TOF) information.
Fig. 6 is to be examined used by positron emission tomography device and method according to one embodiment of the present of invention
Body prosthese schematic diagram, wherein, prosthese 70 uses disc-shape, and the circular hole that distribution is arranged in order on prosthese 70 is area-of-interest,
It is followed successively by：A diameter of 4mm of circular hole 71, a diameter of 3.5mm of circular hole 72, a diameter of 3mm of circular hole 73, circular hole 74 it is a diameter of
2.5mm, a diameter of 2mm of circular hole 75, a diameter of 1.6mm of circular hole 76.
Fig. 7 is according to the arrangement schematic diagram of the detection ring of Fig. 6 positron emission tomography device and method, in Fig. 7
Specific embodiment in, the system architecture that is formed using two stock materials and size identical parallel flat detector module 60 is entered
Row imaging, wherein every piece of flat panel detector module 60 includes 2 × 4 probes 61.The connection side of Solid-state pet detector system all parts
Formula is with reference to figure 1, and imaging method is with reference to figure 5.
Specifically, for the subject prosthese 70 shown in Fig. 6, parameter detector is set as follows：By computer sheet
Ground IP is set to detector source IP in the same network segment but differed, and computer local IP is set to the purpose of all detectors
IP, and the source IP of all detectors differs, the destination interface of all detectors is arranged to.Using based on SiPM and
LYSO digital pet detector BDM2550, its crystal bar number are 6*6, and single crystal bar sectional area size is 3.95mm*
3.95mm.Computer system module is using " pulse information is analyzed and handles-meet event examination-Data correction-image weight
Build " flow handled, when pulse information is analyzed using biexponential model carry out scintillation pulse reconstruction and analysis, image
Rebuild the alternative manner using 3-dimensional；It is as shown in Figure 8 to obtain subject reconstruction image, it is seen that reconstruction image is than more visible.
Similarly, for other different actual imaging demands, the detection ring shown in Fig. 7 quickly can be dismantled into weight
The new annular detection ring being assembled into shown in Fig. 9, in the embodiment shown in fig. 9, totally 4, ring is detected, altogether using 88 detections
Device, while another prosthese (not shown) is positioned in detection ring.Digital pet detector and electrooptical device and figure
It is identical in 7.Computer system module is equally using " pulse information is analyzed and handles-meet event examination-Data correction-figure
The flow of picture reconstruction " is handled, and carries out the reconstruction and analysis of scintillation pulse using biexponential model when pulse information is analyzed,
Image reconstruction uses the alternative manner of 3-dimensional；It is as shown in Figure 10 to obtain subject reconstruction image, it is seen that reconstruction image is quite clear,
So as to meet different imaging demands.
The positron emission tomography device and method of plug and play provided by the invention, the imaging device can be directed to
Different application demand realizes the fast construction of per-sonalization structures whenever and wherever possible, and obtains clearly imaging results, accomplishes to insert i.e.
With.The present invention is based on digital pet detector and computer software, can quickly realize whenever and wherever possible, its system architecture can basis
Demand arbitrarily adjusts, and software section uses generic structure, is applicable all systems.The imaging method of the present invention can be by relatively low
Cost realizes the PET imaging systems suitable for any individual demand, accomplishes to be directed to application-specific fast imaging whenever and wherever possible, can
Suitable for human body, particularly animal and plant body disease detection, tumour, nervous system, angiocarpy etc. disease early diagnosis with
And proton therapeutic etc..
Above-described, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention, of the invention is upper
Stating embodiment can also make a variety of changes, for example detector system geometry is except that can use described in embodiment
Outside circular and regular polygon, irregular geometry can also be used, in actual conditions, detector system geometry is simultaneously
It is not limited to the shape that the embodiment of the present invention is proposed.I.e. every claims and description according to the present patent application
Simple, the equivalent changes and modifications made, fall within the claims of patent of the present invention.The not detailed description of the present invention
Be routine techniques content.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of positron emission tomography device, it is characterised in that the positron emission tomography device includes phase
The detector system module and computer system module being mutually detachably connected, wherein,
Detector system module includes：
Clock module, the clock module produce clock sync signal；
The output end of detector, the input of the detector and the clock module removably communicates to connect described to receive
The clock sync signal of clock module, the detector detect gammaphoton and the gammaphoton are converted into image-forming information number
According to；
Interchanger, the output end of the input of the interchanger and the detector are removably communicated to connect to collect the spy
Survey the image-forming information data of device detection；And
Power supply, the input of the power supply and the clock module, the detector and the interchanger are removably electrically connected
Connect to be powered；
Computer system module includes：
Detector configuration module, the detector configuration module and the input of the detector are removably communicated to connect with right
The detector carries out parameter configuration；
Image-forming information acquisition module, the output end of the input and the interchanger of the image-forming information acquisition module are dismountable
Communicate to connect to receive the image-forming information data；
Pulse information is analyzed and processing module, and the input of the pulse information analysis and processing module obtains with the image-forming information
The output end of modulus block is communicated to connect so that the image-forming information data are converted into burst length, energy and positional information；
Meet event and screen module, the input and pulse information analysis and processing module for meeting event and screening module
Output end communication connection, the event that meets screens module by setting time window, energy window by the burst length, energy
Be converted to positional information and meet event to information；And
Image reconstruction module, described image rebuild module and screen module communication connection with the event that meets to receive described meet
Event is to information and carries out image reconstruction.
2. positron emission tomography device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the computer system module
Also include Data correction module, described image rebuilds module and screens module by the Data correction module and the event that meets
Communication connection, the input of the Data correction module are communicated to connect to receive with the output end for meeting event examination module
The event that meets is to information, and the Data correction module to the event that meets by carrying out correction for attenuation or scattered to information
Penetrate correction obtain it is accurate meet the time to information, the output end of the Data correction module is defeated with described image reconstruction module
Enter end connection and accurately meet event to information to rebuild module to described image and send.
3. positron emission tomography device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the detector is numeral
Pet detector, the geometry that the detector is formed include plate shaped, polygon, annular or irregular shape.
4. positron emission tomography device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that pulse information analysis and
Processing module is analyzed by scintillation pulse prior information, and preference pattern is fitted to pulse shape, when obtaining the arrival of pulse
Between, energy, the relevant information such as position.
5. positron emission tomography device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the interchanger, the spy
Survey removable by the progress of serial ports, usb communication line or netting twine between device, the clock module and the computer system module
The communication connection unloaded.
A kind of 6. positron emission tomography (PET) method, it is characterised in that the positron emission tomography (PET) method include with
Lower step：
Step S1：According to imaging object demand, Solid-state pet detector system parameter is determined；
Step S2：The Solid-state pet detector system is built, the Solid-state pet detector system includes clock module, detector, interchanger
And power supply, removably communicated to connect between the clock module and the detector, the detector and the interchanger
Between removably communicate to connect, it is removable between the power supply and the clock module, the detector and the interchanger
The electrical connection unloaded；
Step S3：Parameter detector configuration is carried out in computer system module；
Step S4：Prepare subject, the subject is put into the Solid-state pet detector system, scans the subject, simultaneously
Image-forming information data are sent into the computer system module；
Step S5：Pulse data analysis is carried out to the image-forming information data by the computer system module, meets event
Examination, Data correction and image reconstruction.
7. positron emission tomography (PET) method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in the step S1, institute
Stating imaging object demand includes the subject type to be imaged of user and the index of required observation, the index of required observation
Marked including spatial resolution, energy resolution, temporal resolution, signal to noise ratio, contrast, sensitivity or user-defined weigh
One or more of standard；The Solid-state pet detector system parameter to be determined includes parameter detector, type photodetector, spy
Survey device number and detector system geometry.
8. positron emission tomography (PET) method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in the step S3, visit
Survey device parameter include detector source IP, purpose IP, source port number, destination slogan, the sampling of multivoltage threshold value threshold information and
Detector output data type, parameter detector configuration are complete by the detector configuration module in the computer system module
Into.
9. positron emission tomography (PET) method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in the step S4, institute
Stating subject includes penetrating source and prosthese, animals and plants or people containing radioactive tracer；Prepare subject be included in the prosthese,
Radionuclide is injected in animals and plants or people, penetrates source using the prosthese of special shape or using special shape；The subject
It is placed on visual field center in the Solid-state pet detector system；The image-forming information data are believed including pulse MVT voltage thresholds
Breath, sampled point temporal information, positional information and detector system geometry information.
10. positron emission tomography (PET) method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step s 5, umber of pulse
Include pulse fitting, energy balane and arrival time calculating according to analysis.
11. positron emission tomography (PET) method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step s 5, the symbol
Conjunction event, which is screened, to be included meeting event analysis, and the event analysis that meets includes Accurate Analysis and quick analysis, wherein, the essence
Really analysis mode is：The image-forming information data of feeding first pass through scintillation pulse signal analysis obtain scintillation pulse arrival time,
Energy and positional information, meet EventSelect by accurate, acquisition accurately meets event information, after Data correction
Carry out image reconstruction and obtain subject image；The quick analysis mode is：The image-forming information data of feeding are without flicker arteries and veins
Signal analysis is rushed, the rough symbol for meeting EventSelect, obtaining rather rough is directly carried out using the first sampled point temporal information
Close event time, positional information.
12. positron emission tomography (PET) method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step s 5, the number
Include carrying out correction for attenuation, normalization or scatter correction by CT or collection of illustrative plates mode according to correction.
13. positron emission tomography (PET) method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step s 5, image weight
The method using parsing and iteration, including 3 D analysis, two-dimensional analysis and three-dimensional iterative and two-dimensional iteration are built, in addition to parsing
The method that flight-time information is added with iteration.
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