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CN107419098A - A kind of method of extracting rare-earth in sulphuric leachate from Ree-phospeate Minerals - Google Patents

A kind of method of extracting rare-earth in sulphuric leachate from Ree-phospeate Minerals Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107419098A
CN107419098A CN201710739305.8A CN201710739305A CN107419098A CN 107419098 A CN107419098 A CN 107419098A CN 201710739305 A CN201710739305 A CN 201710739305A CN 107419098 A CN107419098 A CN 107419098A
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extraction
rare earth
earth
organic phase
phospeate
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Inventor
张魁芳
刘志强
曹洪杨
朱薇
郭秋松
李伟
陶进长
高远
金明亚
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Guangdong Institute of Rare Metals
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Guangdong Institute of Rare Metals
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/26Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
    • C22B3/40Mixtures
    • C22B3/409Mixtures at least one compound being an organo-metallic compound
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B59/00Obtaining rare earth metals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of method of extracting rare-earth in sulphuric leachate from Ree-phospeate Minerals, described sulphuric leachate is containing the mg/L of rare earth ion 20 ~ 100,10 ~ 100g/L of sulfuric acid concentration, PO4 3—2 ~ 10g/L, major impurity ion include Fe3+、Al3+、Mg2+、Ca2+And Mn2+, and each concentration impurity ion≤10g/L.It is characterized in that step is as follows:By volume, extraction organic phase is formulated by 5 ~ 40% phenyl phosphate esters, 5 ~ 20% phosphotriesters, 2.5 ~ 20% decyl alcohol and 20 ~ 87.5% sulfonated kerosenes, by above-mentioned extraction organic phase and sulphuric leachate according to extraction phase ratio(O/A)1~3:1 carries out 1 ~ 3 grade of extraction, extracts 5 ~ 20min, obtains supported rare earth organic phase and except the raffinate aqueous phase after rare earth, realize the extraction of rare earth.The inventive method realizes efficient extracting rare-earth in the sulphuric leachates of Ree-phospeate Minerals, and technique is simple and rare earth extraction rate is high.

Description

A kind of method of extracting rare-earth in sulphuric leachate from Ree-phospeate Minerals
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of extracting rare-earth in sulphuric leachate from Ree-phospeate Minerals, belong to wet method smelting Golden collar domain.
Background technology
In Ree-phospeate Minerals, rare earth mainly exists with phos-phate forms, because RE phosphate solubility product is smaller, At 25 DEG C, KSP 10-23Left and right, it is only soluble in strong acid system.Considered based on cost, security, equipment requirement etc., Sulfuric acid is preferred Ore Leaching agent.Leached using high-concentration sulfuric acid containing the rare earth in Ree-phospeate Minerals, resulting sulfuric acid Leachate has acidity height, PO4 3—Concentration is high, Fe3+Concentration is high, the more low typical feature of rare earth ion concentration.Conventional rare earth extraction Agent is taken to be extracted under Low acid(pH>1), under this acidity, rare earth ion can be with the PO in leachate4 3—Again with phosphorus Hydrochlorate precipitation form separates out, and leads to not extract.Simultaneously as foreign ion Fe3+It is easier than rare earth ion extraction and concentration it is far high In rare earth ion, cause Fe3+Preferential be extracted and rare earth ion can not extract.
At present there is no the report for the extracting rare-earth from the sulphuric leachate of Ree-phospeate Minerals, causes phosphorus containing rare earth Rare earth in hydrochlorate mineral can not utilize.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide in a kind of sulphuric leachate from Ree-phospeate Minerals extracting rare-earth method.The sulphur Acid leaching liquor is containing the mg/L of rare earth ion 20 ~ 100,10 ~ 100g/L of sulfuric acid concentration, PO4 3—2 ~ 10g/L, major impurity ion include Fe3+、Al3+、Mg2+、Ca2+And Mn2+, and each concentration impurity ion≤10g/L.
The method of extracting rare-earth of the present invention is as follows:By volume, organic phase is extracted by 5 ~ 40% phenyl phosphate esters, 5 ~ 20% phosphorus Sour three esters, 2.5 ~ 20% decyl alcohol and 20 ~ 87.5% sulfonated kerosenes are formulated;By above-mentioned extraction organic phase and sulphuric leachate according to Extraction phase ratio(O/A)1~3:1 carries out 1 ~ 3 grade of extraction, extracts 5 ~ 20min, obtains supported rare earth organic phase and except the extraction after rare earth Extraction raffinate aqueous phase, realize the extraction of rare earth.
The phenyl phosphate ester is 4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phosphenylic acid list -4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl fourths Base) one or both of phenylester or double [4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenyl] phosphates.Phenyl phosphate ester is at this Be used as extractant in invention, it is ionizable go out H+And ion exchange extracting rare-earth ion occurs with rare earth ion.
The phosphotriester is tributyl phosphate or trioctyl phosphate.Phosphotriester is used as inhibitor in the present invention, right Fe3+Extraction rise inhibitory action, reduce Fe3+The amount of being extracted, weaken Fe3+Competition extraction to rare earth ion.
Decyl alcohol is modification agent, improves the solubility property of phenyl phosphate ester, phosphotriester and extracted species in sulfonated kerosene, prevents Only third phase produces.
Sulfonated kerosene is diluent, plays solvent action, reduces extraction organic phase viscosity and density, improves split-phase effect.
The present invention is according to phenyl phosphate ester, phosphotriester molecular structure, distribution of charges and leachate system feature.Utilize benzene H in base phosphoric acid ester extractant+Dense ionization characteristic, sulfuric acid concentration be 10 ~ 100g/L can still ionize, ionize out H+With it is dilute Native ion swaps extraction;Promote phosphorus oxygen in phosphotriester inhibitor using the phenyl ring conjugation sucking action in phenyl phosphate ester Key and the Fe in surrounding aqueous phase3+, sulfate radical be coordinated, reduce aqueous phase in dissociate Fe3+The free degree, suppress Fe3+With H+Handed over Change extraction;Utilize the weak coordination ability of leachate system sulfate radical so that phosphorus oxygen key and the Fe in surrounding aqueous phase3+, sulfate radical Coordination is not enough to form stable complex, to prevent Fe3+It is extracted by coordination mode into organic phase, so as to suppress Fe3+Competition to rare earth ion, realize the efficient extraction of rare earth ion.
The method of extracting rare-earth in the sulphuric leachate from Ree-phospeate Minerals of the present invention, it can be achieved dilute in leachate The efficient extraction of native ion, technique is simple and extraction yield is high.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The sulphuric leachate of Ree-phospeate Minerals, wherein rare earth ion concentration 34mg/L, sulfuric acid concentration 10 g/L, PO4 3— 3.58g/L, major impurity ion Fe3+ 2.98g/L、Al3+ 5.83 g/L、Mg2+ 4.09g/L、Ca2+ 0.39g/L and Mn2+ 1.29g/L, by volume, extraction organic phase is by 10% phenyl phosphate ester(4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phosphenylic acid list- 4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenylesters are 53 with double [4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenyl] phosphate volume ratios: 47), 2.5% decyl alcohol and 87.5% sulfonated kerosene be formulated, by above-mentioned extraction organic phase and sulphuric leachate according to extraction phase ratio (O/A)1:1 carries out 1 grade of extraction, extracts 5min, split-phase after the completion of extraction, the mg/ of measure raffinate Rare Earth Ion concentration 32.5 L、Fe3+ 0.22 g/L、Al3+ 5.82 g/L、Mg2+ 4.08g/L、Ca2+ 0.39g/L、Mn2+1.29g/L.As a result show:Extraction Under conditions of phosphotriester inhibitor not being added in organic phase, Fe3+It is more preferential than rare earth ion to be extracted into organic phase, substantially not Extracting rare-earth ion and other impurities ion.
Embodiment 2
The sulphuric leachate of Ree-phospeate Minerals, wherein rare earth ion concentration 34mg/L, sulfuric acid concentration 10 g/L, PO4 3— 3.58g/L, major impurity ion Fe3+ 2.98g/L、Al3+ 5.83 g/L、Mg2+ 4.09g/L、Ca2+ 0.39g/L and Mn2+ 1.29g/L.By volume, organic phase is extracted by 10% phenyl phosphate ester(4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phosphenylic acid list- 4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenylesters are 53 with double [4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenyl] phosphate volume ratios: 47), 5% tributyl phosphate, 2.5% decyl alcohol and 82.5% sulfonated kerosene be formulated, by above-mentioned extraction organic phase and sulphuric leachate According to extraction phase ratio(O/A)1:1 carries out 1 grade of extraction, extracts 5min, split-phase after the completion of extraction, determines raffinate Rare Earth Ion Concentration < 1mg/L, Fe3+ 1.58g/L、Al3+ 5.82 g/L、Mg2+ 4.08g/L、Ca2+ 0.39g/L and Mn2+1.29g/L.Knot Fruit shows:Complete extracting rare-earth ion enters supported rare earth organic phase, except part Fe3+Outside being extracted, it is miscellaneous other are not extracted substantially Matter ion.
Embodiment 3
The sulphuric leachate of Ree-phospeate Minerals, wherein rare earth ion concentration 41mg/L, sulfuric acid concentration 100 g/L, PO4 3— 4.52g/L, major impurity ion Fe3+ 2.98g/L、Al3+ 5.83 g/L、Mg2+ 4.09g/L、Ca2+ 0.57g/L and Mn2+ 1.29g/L, by volume, extraction organic phase is by 20% phenyl phosphate ester(4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phosphenylic acid list- 4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenylesters are 21 with double [4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenyl] phosphate volume ratios: 79), 6% tributyl phosphate, 10% decyl alcohol and 64% sulfonated kerosene be formulated, above-mentioned extraction organic phase is pressed with sulphuric leachate According to extraction phase ratio(O/A)2:1 carries out 1 grade of extraction, extracts 10min, split-phase after the completion of extraction, it is dense to determine raffinate Rare Earth Ion Spend < 1mg/L, Fe3+ 1.61g/L、Al3+ 5.83g/L、Mg2+ 4.08g/L、Ca2+ 0.56g/L and Mn2+1.28g/L.As a result table It is bright:Complete extracting rare-earth ion enters supported rare earth organic phase, except part Fe3+Be extracted it is outer, do not extract substantially other impurities from Son.
Embodiment 4
The sulphuric leachate of Ree-phospeate Minerals, wherein rare earth ion concentration 41mg/L, sulfuric acid concentration 100 g/L, PO4 3— 4.52g/L, major impurity ion Fe3+ 2.98g/L、Al3+ 5.83 g/L、Mg2+ 4.09g/L、Ca2+ 0.57g/L and Mn2+ 1.29g/L, by volume, extraction organic phase is by 20% phenyl phosphate ester(4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phosphenylic acid list- 4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenylesters are 21 with double [4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenyl] phosphate volume ratios: 79), 6% tributyl phosphate, 10% decyl alcohol and 64% sulfonated kerosene be formulated, above-mentioned extraction organic phase is pressed with sulphuric leachate According to extraction phase ratio(O/A)2:1 carries out 2 grades of extractions, extracts 10min, split-phase after the completion of extraction, it is dense to determine raffinate Rare Earth Ion Spend < 1 mg/L, Fe3+ 1.48g/L、Al3+ 5.82g/L、Mg2+ 4.08g/L、Ca2+ 0.55g/L and Mn2+1.28g/L.As a result Show:Complete extracting rare-earth ion enters supported rare earth organic phase, except part Fe3+Outside being extracted, other impurities are not extracted substantially Ion.
Embodiment 5
The sulphuric leachate of Ree-phospeate Minerals, wherein rare earth ion concentration 21mg/L, sulfuric acid concentration 25 g/L, PO4 3— 3.58g/L, major impurity ion Fe3+ 1.83g/L、Al3+ 2.95 g/L、Mg2+ 2.04g/L、Ca2+ 0.18g/L and Mn2+ 0.65g/L, by volume, extraction organic phase is by 5% 4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyl) phosphenylic acid lists -4- (1,1,3,3- Tetramethyl butyl) phenylester, 5% trioctyl phosphate, 5% decyl alcohol and 85% sulfonated kerosene be formulated, by above-mentioned extraction organic phase with Sulphuric leachate is according to extraction phase ratio(O/A)3:1 carries out 3 grades of extractions, extracts 10min, split-phase after the completion of extraction, determines raffinate Rare Earth Ion concentration < 1mg/L, Fe3+ 0.86g/L、Al3+ 2.95g/L、Mg2+ 2.04g/L、Ca2+ 0.17g/L and Mn2+ 0.63g/L.As a result show:Complete extracting rare-earth ion enters supported rare earth organic phase, except part Fe3+Outside being extracted, substantially not Extract other impurities ion.
Embodiment 6
The sulphuric leachate of Ree-phospeate Minerals, wherein rare earth ion concentration 21mg/L, sulfuric acid concentration 50 g/L, PO4 3— 3.58g/L, major impurity ion Fe3+ 1.83g/L、Al3+ 2.95 g/L、Mg2+ 2.04g/L、Ca2+ 0.18g/L and Mn2+ 0.65g/L, by volume, extraction organic phase is by 20% pair of [4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyl) phenyl] phosphate, 10% phosphoric acid Tributyl, 10% decyl alcohol and 60% sulfonated kerosene are formulated, by above-mentioned extraction organic phase and sulphuric leachate according to extraction phase ratio (O/A)3:1, which carries out 1 grade, extracts, extraction 20min, split-phase after the completion of extraction, measure raffinate Rare Earth Ion concentration < 1mg/L, Fe3+ 0.89g/L、Al3+ 2.93g/L、Mg2+ 2.03g/L、Ca2+ 0.17g/L and Mn2+0.65g/L.As a result show:Extraction completely Rare earth ion is taken to enter supported rare earth organic phase, except part Fe3+It is extracted, does not extract other impurities ion substantially.
Embodiment 7
The sulphuric leachate of Ree-phospeate Minerals, wherein rare earth ion concentration 82mg/L, sulfuric acid concentration 100 g/L, PO4 3— 9.91g/L, major impurity ion Fe3+ 0.56g/L、Al3+ 5.83 g/L、Mg2+ 9.78g/L、Ca2+ 0.39g/L and Mn2+ 1.29g/L, by volume, extraction organic phase agent by 20% 4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyl) phosphenylic acid lists -4- (1,1,3, 3- tetramethyl butyls) phenylester, 10% trioctyl phosphate, 10% decyl alcohol and 60% sulfonated kerosene be formulated, and above-mentioned extraction is organic Mutually with sulphuric leachate according to extraction phase ratio(O/A)1:1 carries out 3 grades of extractions, extracts 10min, split-phase after the completion of extraction, measure extraction Extraction raffinate Rare Earth Ion concentration < 1mg/L, Fe3+ 0.21g/L、Al3+ 5.81g/L、Mg2+ 9.75g/L、Ca2+ 0.37g/L and Mn2+1.29g/L.As a result show:Complete extracting rare-earth ion enters supported rare earth organic phase, except part Fe3+It is extracted outer, base This does not extract other impurities ion.
Embodiment 8
The sulphuric leachate of Ree-phospeate Minerals, wherein rare earth ion concentration 57mg/L, sulfuric acid concentration 50 g/L, PO4 3— 7.27g/L, major impurity ion Fe3+ 9.55g/L、Al3+ 6.84g/L、Mg2+ 5.54g/L、Ca2+ 0.59g/L and Mn2+ 1.45g/L, by volume, extraction organic phase is by 40% phenyl phosphate ester(4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phosphenylic acid list- 4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenylesters are 87 with double [4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenyl] phosphate volume ratios: 13), 20% tributyl phosphate, 20% decyl alcohol and 20% sulfonated kerosene be formulated, above-mentioned extraction organic phase is pressed with sulphuric leachate According to extraction phase than O/A be 2:1 carries out 1 grade of extraction, extracts 20min, split-phase after the completion of extraction, it is dense to determine raffinate Rare Earth Ion Spend < 1mg/L, Fe3+ 5.25g/L、Al3+ 6.81g/L、Mg2+ 5.52g/L、Ca2+ 0.58g/L and Mn2+1.43g/L.As a result table It is bright:Complete extracting rare-earth ion enters in supported rare earth organic phase, except part Fe3+Outside being extracted, other impurities are not extracted substantially Ion.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method of extracting rare-earth in sulphuric leachate from Ree-phospeate Minerals, the sulphuric leachate containing rare earth from 20 ~ 100 mg/L of son, 10 ~ 100g/L of sulfuric acid concentration, PO4 3— 2 ~ 10g/L, major impurity ion include Fe3+、Al3+、Mg2+、Ca2+ And Mn2+, and each concentration impurity ion≤10g/L;It is characterized in that step is as follows:By volume, organic phase is extracted by 5 ~ 40% benzene Base phosphate, 5 ~ 20% phosphotriesters, 2.5 ~ 20% decyl alcohol and 20 ~ 87.5% sulfonated kerosenes are formulated;By above-mentioned organic phase and sulphur Acid leaching liquor is according to extraction phase than 1 ~ 3:1 carries out 1 ~ 3 grade of extraction, extracts 5 ~ 20min, obtains supported rare earth organic phase and except rare earth Raffinate aqueous phase afterwards, realizes the extraction of rare earth.
2. the method for extracting rare-earth in the sulphuric leachate according to claim 1 from Ree-phospeate Minerals, its feature It is that the phenyl phosphate ester is 4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phosphenylic acid lists -4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenyl One or both of ester or double [4- (1,1,3,3- tetramethyl butyls) phenyl] phosphates.
3. the method for extracting rare-earth in the sulphuric leachate according to claim 1 from Ree-phospeate Minerals, its feature It is that the phosphotriester is tributyl phosphate or trioctyl phosphate.
CN201710739305.8A 2017-08-25 2017-08-25 A kind of method of extracting rare-earth in sulphuric leachate from Ree-phospeate Minerals Pending CN107419098A (en)

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CN115652113A (en) * 2022-10-28 2023-01-31 广东省科学院资源利用与稀土开发研究所 Method for extracting and separating rare earth from marine rare earth sulfuric acid leaching solution

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Application publication date: 20171201