CN107342623B - Variable carrier variable modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM (sinusoidal pulse Width modulation) method based on cascade energy storage system - Google Patents
Variable carrier variable modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM (sinusoidal pulse Width modulation) method based on cascade energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107342623B CN107342623B CN201710566904.4A CN201710566904A CN107342623B CN 107342623 B CN107342623 B CN 107342623B CN 201710566904 A CN201710566904 A CN 201710566904A CN 107342623 B CN107342623 B CN 107342623B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H02J3/383—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a variable carrier variable modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation) modulation method based on a cascade energy storage system, which comprises the following steps of S1, wherein a main control computer is communicated with each power unit to obtain the state of a capacitor and a battery in each power unit, S2, the main control computer calculates the output power of each power unit in the current modulation according to the state of the capacitor and the battery in each unit, S3, the main control computer divides a waveform signal S output by a cascade multilevel inverter into S1-sn according to the output power of each power unit in the current modulation, the direct current voltage of each power unit, the maximum SOC of the battery and the battery capacity reduction ratio, wherein S1-sn comprises the fundamental wave and multiple harmonics of S, S1-sn are equal to S after being superposed in time domain, S4, the main control computer conducts time domain translation on a carrier v to obtain N carriers, wherein the v 1-vn is equal to N, the start time of vi is not more than 1 i, and S5, the N is modulated with the vi under the control of the main control computer, and the N is modulated to obtain N carriers which are input into N wave modulation units respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a variable carrier variable modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation) modulation method based on a cascade energy storage system.
background
The photovoltaic power generation system has the characteristics of uncertainty, intermittence and the like, and a photovoltaic energy storage system is required to be arranged in the photovoltaic power generation system to stabilize the output power of the system, so that the impact on a power grid and sensitive loads is reduced. The photovoltaic energy storage system can supply photovoltaic power generation to a family and store redundant electric energy into the battery, and the electric energy is automatically input into the power grid when the battery is full, so that the photovoltaic energy storage system is convenient to distribute to other users for use.
the existing tandem type photovoltaic energy storage system multi-unit modulation algorithm (reference document [1] Korea-multilevel inverter and application research [ D ] Hebei industry university, 2014) has the following 2 types, so as to emit different modulation waves for controlling the tandem type photovoltaic energy storage system.
The first modulation algorithm is an algorithm for phase shift modulation of a carrier (taking 5 units as an example): as shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of an algorithm for phase shift modulation of carrier, a carrier start period is divided into 5 equal parts in a carrier period, 5 carriers 11/21/31/41/51 are respectively started, and then one modulated wave is simultaneously modulated to generate 5 types of PWM and respectively supply to 5 different units;
the disadvantages of this method are:
1) Cannot adjust for cell dc voltage variations. Since this modulation method is based on the equal voltage modulation, the distortion of the output waveform due to the dc voltage fluctuation and the problem of the hardware itself cannot be adjusted according to the voltage variation.
2) the higher harmonics are relatively large and cannot be eliminated. Because the emitted waveform is formed by superposing a plurality of two levels and the rear end does not have RCR or RC filtering, the full load of the harmonic wave can be lower than 5 percent, but still is different from a normal power grid.
3) since all cells are controlled together, individual control of harmonics and currents for each cell cannot be achieved, reducing internal current flow.
The second modulation algorithm is a modulation algorithm of a harmonic elimination PWM method (taking 5 units as an example): as shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a modulation algorithm of the harmonic-elimination PWM method, modulation of 5 units of carrier waves and modulation waves is realized by stacking the same layers, stacking positive and negative in opposite directions, and alternately stacking in opposite directions, so as to generate 5 kinds of PWM outputs.
The disadvantages of this method are:
1) And part of the units have high switching frequency, and part of the units have no switches, so that the heat distribution is not uniform.
2) the harmonics are large. The harmonic elimination PWM method can only eliminate low order harmonics or even order harmonics, but cannot eliminate higher order odd harmonics, so the higher order odd harmonics are still more.
3) Since the top and bottom edges of each carrier are connected, the next cannot be computed one by one. The cells are relatively large in relation to each other. And the perfect compensation can not be realized by unit calculation.
4) when the modulation ratio is reduced, partial units do not output PWM voltage, so that the output power among the units is inconsistent, the equivalent switching frequency of the output voltage is reduced, and the harmonic content of the output voltage is increased.
therefore, in the 2 methods, when the voltage of each unit bus is unbalanced due to hardware and software, the automatic adjustment cannot be performed, and the effect of outputting multiple levels is much worse; and when the power grid is normally output, only low-order harmonics can be counteracted, so that the problems that the higher harmonics of the power grid voltage and current are a bit large and cannot be compensated actually are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention provides a variable carrier variable modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation) modulation method based on a cascade energy storage system, which is used for solving at least one problem in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a carrier-varying modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM modulation method based on a cascaded energy storage system, the method is used for modulating a waveform signal output by a cascaded multilevel inverter, wherein the cascaded multilevel inverter is formed by cascading N power units, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the main control machine is communicated with each power unit to obtain the state of a capacitor and a battery in each power unit;
S2: the main control machine calculates the output power of each power unit during the current modulation according to the capacitor and the battery state in each unit;
S3: the main control computer divides a waveform signal s output by the cascaded multi-level inverter into s 1-sn according to the output power of each power unit during current modulation, the direct current voltage of each power unit, the maximum SOC of the battery and the battery capacity reduction ratio, wherein s 1-sn comprises a fundamental wave and multiple harmonics of s, and s 1-sn are equal to s after being superposed according to a time domain;
S4: the main control computer performs time domain translation on the carrier v to obtain N carriers v 1-vn, wherein the start time of vi is1≤i≤N；
S5: and (6) respectively modulating the vi and the si under the control of the main control computer to obtain N modulation waves, and respectively inputting the N modulation waves into the N power units.
In one embodiment of the present invention, N is 5.
in an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the amplitude of the carrier v is expanded before the translation, and the amplitude of the expanded carrier v is between the actual dc voltage/rated dc voltage of the corresponding power unit and the maximum dc voltage/rated dc voltage.
in an embodiment of the present invention, if the amplitude of the waveform signal s is lower than a predetermined value, the main control computer controls the batteries corresponding to the even number of power units to stop outputting the voltage.
In an embodiment of the invention, in steps S1 and S2, the master controller further obtains heat values of the power units when communicating with the power units, and coordinates output power ratios among the power units according to the heat values.
The variable carrier variable modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM modulation method based on the cascade energy storage system has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) Each power unit is modulated independently, the output power of each power unit can be controlled independently according to the state of the power unit, so that each power unit can realize maximum power output, and the modulation algorithm is simple and stable;
(2) The dependency of the power units on the whole system is reduced, and the mutual influence and coupling among the power units are reduced;
(3) The harmonic waves of lower frequency are offset through phase shifting, and the generation of the harmonic waves is reduced;
(4) The use of the filter is reduced, so that the probability of resonance with a power grid is reduced;
(5) Each power unit is controlled by the main control computer, and the replaceability of the power units is good;
(6) When the low-frequency output is performed, the batteries corresponding to even number of power units can be controlled to stop outputting voltage so as to reduce harmonic waves;
(7) The output current has good sine degree and low harmonic content, and the purpose of transmitting high-quality electric energy to a power grid is achieved.
drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an algorithm for carrier phase shift modulation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a modulation algorithm of the harmonic elimination PWM method;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a carrier-variable modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM modulation method based on a cascaded energy storage system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a carrier-varying modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM modulation method based on a cascaded energy storage system according to the present invention, which is used for modulating a waveform signal output by a cascaded multilevel inverter, wherein the cascaded multilevel inverter is formed by cascading N power units, and includes the following steps:
s1: the main control machine is communicated with each power unit to obtain the state of a capacitor and a battery in each power unit;
S2: the main control machine calculates the output power of each power unit during the current modulation according to the capacitor and the battery state in each unit;
S3: the main control computer divides a waveform signal s output by the cascaded multi-level inverter into s 1-sn according to the output power of each power unit during current modulation, the direct current voltage of each power unit, the maximum SOC of the battery and the battery capacity reduction ratio, wherein s 1-sn comprises a fundamental wave and multiple harmonics of s, and s 1-sn are equal to s after being superposed according to a time domain;
s4: the main control computer performs time domain translation on the carrier v to obtain N carriers v 1-vn, wherein the start time of vi is1≤i≤N；
s5: and (6) respectively modulating the vi and the si under the control of the main control computer to obtain N modulation waves, and respectively inputting the N modulation waves into the N power units.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of N-5, and as shown in fig. 3, 5 carriers obtained by time domain shifting are modulated with s1 to s5, respectively, so that 5 modulated waves are superimposed and a sine wave in the lower part of fig. 3 is output.
in an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, before the shifting, the amplitude of the carrier v may be expanded, and the amplitude of the expanded carrier v is between the actual dc voltage/rated dc voltage of the corresponding power unit and the maximum dc voltage/rated dc voltage. Generally, the larger the energy storage energy of the battery in each power unit is, the larger the direct-current voltage output by the battery is, and the smaller the internal resistance of the battery is, the larger the amplitude of the expanded carrier v is; on the contrary, the smaller the energy storage energy of the battery corresponding to each power unit is, the smaller the direct-current voltage output by the battery is, the larger the internal resistance of the battery is, and the smaller the amplitude of the expanded carrier v is. The output of each power unit is adjusted by expanding the amplitude of the carrier wave v, so that each battery can output corresponding voltage on the premise of normal work, and the adjustment mode can realize fine adjustment of the output voltage. In an embodiment of the present invention, if the amplitude of the waveform signal s is lower than a predetermined value, the main control computer controls the batteries corresponding to the even number of power units to stop outputting the voltage, so as to reduce the generation of harmonics and ensure the quality of the output sine wave.
In an embodiment of the invention, in steps S1 and S2, the master controller further obtains heat values of the power units when communicating with the power units, and coordinates output power ratios among the power units according to the heat values. In general, the output power of a power unit having a larger heat generation amount can be adjusted to be lower, and the output power of a power unit having a smaller heat generation amount can be appropriately adjusted to be higher.
the variable carrier variable modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM modulation method based on the cascade energy storage system has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) each power unit is modulated independently, the output power of each power unit can be controlled independently according to the state of the power unit, so that each power unit can realize maximum power output, and the modulation algorithm is simple and stable;
(2) the dependency of the power units on the whole system is reduced, and the mutual influence and coupling among the power units are reduced;
(3) the harmonic waves of lower frequency are offset through phase shifting, and the generation of the harmonic waves is reduced;
(4) the use of the filter is reduced, so that the probability of resonance with a power grid is reduced;
(5) Each power unit is controlled by the main control computer, and the replaceability of the power units is good;
(6) when the low-frequency output is performed, the batteries corresponding to even number of power units can be controlled to stop outputting voltage so as to reduce harmonic waves;
(7) the output current has good sine degree and low harmonic content, and the purpose of transmitting high-quality electric energy to a power grid is achieved.
those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modules in the devices in the embodiments may be distributed in the devices in the embodiments according to the description of the embodiments, or may be located in one or more devices different from the embodiments with corresponding changes. The modules of the above embodiments may be combined into one module, or further split into multiple sub-modules.
finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A carrier-variable modulation wave phase-shifting SPWM (sinusoidal pulse Width modulation) modulation method based on a cascade energy storage system is used for modulating waveform signals output by a cascade multilevel inverter, wherein the cascade multilevel inverter is formed by cascading N power units, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1: the main control machine is communicated with each power unit to obtain the state of a capacitor and a battery in each power unit;
S2: the main control machine calculates the output power of each power unit during the current modulation according to the capacitor and the battery state in each unit;
S3: the main control computer divides a waveform signal s output by the cascaded multi-level inverter into s 1-sn according to the output power of each power unit during current modulation, the direct current voltage of each power unit, the maximum SOC of the battery and the battery capacity reduction ratio, wherein s 1-sn comprises a fundamental wave and multiple harmonics of s, and s 1-sn are equal to s after being superposed according to a time domain;
s4: the main control computer performs time domain translation on the carrier v to obtain N carriers v 1-vn, wherein the start time of vi isI is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and T is the period of the carrier wave, wherein the amplitude of the carrier wave v is expanded before translation, and the amplitude of the expanded carrier wave v is between the actual direct current voltage/rated direct current voltage and the maximum direct current voltage/rated direct current voltage of the corresponding power unit;
s5: and (6) respectively modulating the vi and the si under the control of the main control computer to obtain N modulation waves, and respectively inputting the N modulation waves into the N power units.
2. The SPWM method for modulating the variable carrier wave and the variable modulation wave phase shift based on the cascaded energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein N is 5.
3. The SPWM method according to claim 1, wherein the master control controls the battery with the even number of power cells to stop outputting the voltage if the amplitude of the waveform signal s is lower than a predetermined value.
4. The SPWM method with variable carrier, variable modulation wave and phase shift based on cascaded energy storage system of claim 1, wherein in steps S1 and S2, the master control computer further obtains the heat productivity of the plurality of power units when communicating with the plurality of power units, and coordinates the output power ratio among the plurality of power units according to the heat productivity.
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| CN112366972B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2024-01-19 | 武汉理工大学 | Variable carrier pulse width modulation system and method for three-phase voltage type inverter |
| CN116667538B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-09-29 | 常州思瑞电力科技有限公司 | Electricity consumption management system of household photovoltaic power station |
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| FR3043283B1 (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2019-08-30 | Institut National Polytechnique De Toulouse | ELECTRICAL ENERGY STATIC CONVERSION CIRCUIT WITH CASCADED ARCHITECTURE AND DECENTRALIZED MODULAR CONTROL. |
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