CN107339967B - Roundness measuring instrument - Google Patents
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- CN107339967B CN107339967B CN201710666885.2A CN201710666885A CN107339967B CN 107339967 B CN107339967 B CN 107339967B CN 201710666885 A CN201710666885 A CN 201710666885A CN 107339967 B CN107339967 B CN 107339967B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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Abstract
The invention provides a roundness measuring instrument, which comprises a marble base station, a driving device, an angle measuring device, an inverted V-shaped fixed support, an inverted V-shaped floating support and a measuring device, wherein the driving device and the measuring device are respectively fixed at two ends of the marble base station and respectively fix two ends of a measured crankshaft; and the measuring device detects the roundness of the same position of the crankshaft to be measured. The invention mainly completes the functions of crankshaft positioning detection, detection of the roundness and cylindricity of the crankshaft main journal and the connecting rod journal, automatic analysis of the detection result and the like in the detection process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a roundness measuring instrument.
Background
The crankshaft is a key part of a marine diesel engine, and the processing precision of the crankshaft directly influences various performance indexes of the diesel engine, particularly a military large crankshaft which has high requirement on the roundness of a journal, so that the crankshaft is of great importance to the roundness detection of a main journal and a connecting rod journal of the large crankshaft; in addition, because the crankshaft which is the detection object belongs to an ultra-large workpiece, no detector can be used for the measurement in China, and therefore a set of large crankshaft roundness measuring instrument needs to be developed to meet the requirement of production inspection of the crankshaft in a factory.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a roundness meter, which is a set of automatic roundness detection system for a large-scale crankshaft and mainly achieves the functions of crankshaft positioning detection, roundness and cylindricity detection of a main journal and a connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, automatic analysis of detection results and the like in the detection process.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a roundness measuring instrument comprises a marble base platform 1, a driving device 6, an angle measuring device 4, inverted V-shaped fixed supports 2, inverted V-shaped floating supports 3 and a measuring device 7, wherein the driving device 6 and the measuring device 7 are respectively fixed at two ends of the marble base platform 1 and respectively fix two ends of a measured crankshaft 5, the driving device 6 drives the measured crankshaft 5 to rotate, the angle measuring device 4 measures the rotation angle of the measured crankshaft 5, the marble base platform 1 is positioned at two ends of the measured crankshaft 5 and respectively fixes one inverted V-shaped fixed support 2, one inverted V-shaped floating support 3 is fixed between the two inverted V-shaped fixed supports 2, and the inverted V-shaped fixed supports 2 and the inverted V-shaped floating supports 3 are matched to support the measured crankshaft 5; the measuring device 7 detects the roundness of the crankshaft 5 to be measured at the same position.
Preferably, two rows of mounting screw holes 1.3 and two guide rails 1.1 are arranged on the marble base 1 in parallel in the horizontal direction, and a rack 1.2 is arranged between the guide rails in parallel.
Preferably, the driving device 6 comprises a first bottom plate 6.1, and the first bottom plate 6.1 fixes two rows of mounting screw holes 1.3 through bolts; a first horizontal guide rail 6.2 in the horizontal direction is arranged on the first bottom plate 6.1, and a first frame base body 6.3 is installed on the first horizontal guide rail 6.2 in an inosculating manner; the first horizontal adjusting hand wheel 6.10 is connected to a horizontal moving mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism is installed at a contact part of the first frame base body 6.3 and the first horizontal guide rail 6.2 and drives the first frame base body 6.3 to horizontally move on the first horizontal guide rail 6.2; a first vertical guide rail 6.8 in the vertical direction is arranged in the first frame base body 6.3, a first vertical support plate 6.12 is mounted on the first vertical guide rail 6.8 in a matching manner, a first vertical adjusting screw 6.9 is connected to a vertical moving mechanism, the vertical moving mechanism is mounted at the contact part of the first vertical support plate 6.12 and the first vertical guide rail 6.8 and drives the first vertical support plate 6.12 to move up and down on the first vertical guide rail 6.8; the driving motor 6.6 is fixed on the first vertical supporting plate 6.12, the driving motor 6.6 is connected with the gearbox 6.7, the gearbox 6.7 is connected with the rotating shaft 6.11, the rotating shaft 6.11 extends out of the first frame base 6.3, the tail end of the rotating shaft is provided with a first tip 6.5, and the rotating shaft 6.11 is further fixed with a driving lever 6.4.
Preferably, the angle measuring device 4 comprises a second bottom plate 4.1, and the second bottom plate 4.1 is fixed with two rows of mounting screw holes 1.3 through bolts; a second horizontal guide rail 4.2 in the horizontal direction is arranged on the second bottom plate 4.1, and a second frame base body 4.3 is installed on the second horizontal guide rail 4.2 in a matching manner; the second horizontal adjusting hand wheel 4.8 is connected to a horizontal moving mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism is installed at a contact part of the second frame base body 4.3 and the second horizontal guide rail 4.2 and drives the second frame base body 4.3 to horizontally move on the second horizontal guide rail 4.2; a second vertical guide rail 4.6 in the vertical direction is arranged in the second frame base 4.3, a second vertical support plate 4.9 is mounted on the second vertical guide rail 4.6 in a matching manner, a second vertical adjusting screw 4.7 is connected to a vertical moving mechanism, and the vertical moving mechanism is mounted at the contact part of the second vertical guide rail 4.6 and the second vertical support plate 4.9 and drives the second vertical support plate 4.9 to move up and down on the second vertical guide rail 4.6; an angle sensor 4.5 is fixed on the second vertical supporting plate 4.9, a second apex 4.4 is installed on the angle sensor 4.5 in a matched mode, and the second apex 4.4 extends out of the second frame base body 4.3.
Preferably, the inverted V-shaped fixed support 2 includes a first inverted V-shaped frame 2.1, two side surfaces of the first inverted V-shaped frame 2.1 are respectively provided with a first fixed block 2.3, and a first adjusting nut 2.2 penetrates through the first fixed block 2.3; one end of a first adjusting nut 2.2 positioned on one side of the top end of the first inverted V-shaped frame 2.1 fixes a first guide block 2.4 through a first compression bolt 2.5, the first guide block 2.4 is inosculated and attached to the side wall of the first inverted V-shaped frame 2.1, the end part of the first guide block 2.4 is a groove, a rotating shaft penetrates through the groove, and a first roller 2.6 is fixed on the rotating shaft; the first inverted V-shaped frame 2.1 is fixed on the marble base 1.
Preferably, the inverted V-shaped floating support 3 comprises a second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1, two side surfaces of the second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1 are respectively provided with a second fixed block 3.3, and a second adjusting nut 3.2 penetrates through the second fixed block 3.3; one end of a second adjusting nut 3.2 positioned on one side of the top end of the second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1 fixes a second guide block 3.4 through a second compression bolt 3.5, the second guide block 3.4 is inosculated and attached to the side wall of the second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1, the end part of the second guide block 3.4 is a groove, a rotating shaft penetrates through the groove, and a second roller 3.6 is fixed on the rotating shaft; a ball 3.7 is arranged between the bottom surface of the second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1 and the top surface of the lower fixed support 3.8, and the second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1 and the lower fixed support 3.8 are fixed through a fixing plate 3.9; the lower fixed support 3.8 is fixed on the marble abutment 1.
Preferably, the measuring device 7 comprises an axis translation stage 7.1, an axial drive mechanism 7.2, a follower mechanism 7.3 and a roundness detection mechanism 7.4,
the bottom end of the axis translation table 7.1 is provided with an axial driving mechanism 7.2, the axial driving mechanism 7.2 comprises a sliding block 7.2.3 fixed on the bottom surface of the axis translation table 7.1 and a driving motor 7.2.2, and the output shaft of the driving motor 7.2.2 is fixed with a gear 7.2.1; the sliding block 7.2.3 is arranged on the guide rail 1.1 in a matching way, and the gear 7.2.1 is arranged on the rack 1.2 in a matching way;
the follow-up mechanism 7.3 comprises a motion sliding block 7.3.1 and a parallel swing rod 7.3.3, a linear roller guide rail 7.3.2 with a groove in the horizontal direction is arranged on the side surface of the axis translation table 7.1, the linear roller guide rail 7.3.2 is matched with the motion sliding block 7.3.1, and the motion sliding block 7.3.1 can horizontally and linearly move on the linear roller guide rail 7.3.2; a parallel swing rod 7.3.3 is fixed on the moving slide block 7.3.1;
roundness detection mechanism 7.4 includes saddle measuring rack 7.4.1, displacement sensor 7.4.2 and swing gasket 7.4.3, saddle measuring rack 7.4.1 bottom is sunken and saddle measuring rack 7.4.1's one side is through the fixed parallel pendulum rod 7.3.3 of round pin axle, saddle measuring rack 7.4.1's the sunken inside swing gasket 7.4.3 that is equipped with of circular arc, saddle measuring rack 7.4.1's the sunken top installation displacement sensor 7.4.2 of circular arc
Preferably, the measuring device 7 further includes a measuring state detecting mechanism 7.5, the measuring state detecting mechanism 7.5 includes a horizontal moving block 7.5.1, a vertical moving block 7.5.3 and a measuring rod 7.5.4, a third horizontal guide rail 7.5.2 in the horizontal direction is disposed on the side surface of the axis translation table 7.1, the horizontal moving block 7.5.1 is installed in the third horizontal guide rail 7.5.2 through a horizontal moving mechanism, a third vertical guide rail 7.5.6 in the longitudinal direction is disposed on the side surface of the horizontal moving block 7.5.1, the vertical moving block 7.5.3 is installed in the third vertical guide rail 7.5.6 through a vertical moving mechanism, the measuring rod 7.5.4 in the horizontal direction is fixed on the vertical moving block 7.5.3, and a measuring head 7.5.5 is disposed at the tail end of the measuring rod 7.5.4.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: selecting an inverted V-shaped fixed support and an inverted V-shaped floating support to support the crankshaft according to the length and the weight of the measured crankshaft; the measuring device moves along a linear guide rail on the marble basal body and is connected with a computer control system through a control and measurement cable, so that the static horizontal measurement and positioning of the crankshaft are realized, and the detection of the coaxial adjusting process of the axis of the crankshaft to be detected and the measuring device is completed; the driving device automatically drives the crankshaft to rotate, and the angle measuring device detects the angle of the rotating crankshaft; meanwhile, the measuring device automatically moves and is positioned at the main journal and connecting rod journal measuring parts (preset positions) of the crankshaft, and the roundness of the measuring parts is continuously and automatically measured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of a marble base.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a driving device.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of another view of the driving device.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an angle measuring device.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of another angle of view of the angle measuring device.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an inverted V-shaped fixing support.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an inverted V-shaped floating support.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a measuring device.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of an axial drive mechanism of the measuring device.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a follower mechanism of the measuring apparatus.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a roundness measuring mechanism of the measuring apparatus.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a measurement state detection mechanism of the measurement device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the roundness measuring instrument comprises a marble base 1, a driving device 6, an angle measuring device 4, inverted V-shaped fixed supports 2, inverted V-shaped floating supports 3 and a measuring device 7, wherein the driving device 6 and the measuring device 7 are respectively fixed at two ends of the marble base 1 and respectively fix two ends of a crankshaft 5 to be measured, the driving device 6 drives the crankshaft 5 to be measured to rotate, the angle measuring device 4 measures a rotation angle of the crankshaft 5 to be measured, the marble base 1 is positioned at two ends of the crankshaft 5 to be measured, one inverted V-shaped fixed support 2 is respectively fixed at each end of the crankshaft 5 to be measured, one inverted V-shaped floating support 3 is fixed at a position between the two inverted V-shaped fixed supports 2, and the inverted V-shaped fixed supports 2 and the inverted V-shaped floating supports 3 are matched with and support the crankshaft 5; the measuring device 7 detects the roundness of the crankshaft 5 to be measured at the same position.
As shown in fig. 2, two rows of mounting screw holes 1.3 and two guide rails 1.1 are arranged on the marble base 1 in parallel in the horizontal direction, and a rack 1.2 is arranged between the guide rails in parallel. In order to adapt to the measured crankshafts with different lengths, two rows M20 of mounting nuts are machined for mounting and positioning the driving device and the angle measuring device. Processing a limiting groove on the plane of the marble matrix for placing a V-shaped support and a floating support; three rows of holes are processed on the plane of the marble basal body, and a rack 1.2 and two guide rails 1.1 are arranged for the engagement transmission of the measuring device through a gear and a rack, so that the measuring device moves along a linear guide rail on the marble basal plane.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the driving device 6 includes a first bottom plate 6.1, and the first bottom plate 6.1 fixes two rows of mounting screw holes 1.3 by bolts; a first horizontal guide rail 6.2 in the horizontal direction is arranged on the first bottom plate 6.1, and a first frame base body 6.3 is installed on the first horizontal guide rail 6.2 in an inosculating manner; the first horizontal adjusting hand wheel 6.10 is connected to a horizontal moving mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism is installed at a contact part of the first frame base body 6.3 and the first horizontal guide rail 6.2 and drives the first frame base body 6.3 to horizontally move on the first horizontal guide rail 6.2; a first vertical guide rail 6.8 in the vertical direction is arranged in the first frame base body 6.3, a first vertical support plate 6.12 is mounted on the first vertical guide rail 6.8 in a matching manner, a first vertical adjusting screw 6.9 is connected to a vertical moving mechanism, the vertical moving mechanism is mounted at the contact part of the first vertical support plate 6.12 and the first vertical guide rail 6.8 and drives the first vertical support plate 6.12 to move up and down on the first vertical guide rail 6.8; the driving motor 6.6 is fixed on the first vertical supporting plate 6.12, the driving motor 6.6 is connected with the gearbox 6.7, the gearbox 6.7 is connected with the rotating shaft 6.11, the rotating shaft 6.11 extends out of the first frame base 6.3, the tail end of the rotating shaft is provided with a first tip 6.5, and the rotating shaft 6.11 is further fixed with a driving lever 6.4.
The device integrates the driving and limiting functions and has the freedom degrees in three directions of horizontal movement, vertical movement and rotary movement; the horizontal and vertical adjustment is suitable for crankshafts with different lengths and diameters; the rotation motion is to drive the deflector rod mechanism to make the crankshaft rotate at a constant speed. In addition, the device also has a limiting function, in the measuring process, the workpiece can move along the axis to influence the measuring result, the limiting device can effectively eliminate the factor, and the accuracy of the measuring result is ensured. The first horizontal adjusting hand wheel 6.10 rotates, and the lead screw drives the horizontal frame structure of the device to move along the horizontal guide rail, so that a deflector rod (front and back) of the device moves; a first vertical adjusting screw 6.9 is screwed by a wrench to drive a vertical screw rod of the device to rotate, so that the vertical support plate moves along the vertical guide rail, and the device moves in the vertical direction (up and down); the rotating shaft 6.11 is acted by a rotating motor and a speed reducer, and finally the rotating shaft 6.11 drives the crankshaft to rotate at a low speed and a uniform speed. The driving mode of the whole horizontal moving device and the vertical moving device is easy to realize, and various modes can be adopted, such as a mode that the first frame base body 6.3 moves on the marble base table 1, and only the guide rail and the moving surface need to be clamped and fixed in the vertical direction. Of course, other forms, such as a rotary motion driving mechanism of a file storage cabinet, may be used, and will not be described in detail herein.
As shown in fig. 5-6, the angle measuring device 4 comprises a second bottom plate 4.1, wherein the second bottom plate 4.1 is fixed with two rows of mounting screw holes 1.3 through bolts; a second horizontal guide rail 4.2 in the horizontal direction is arranged on the second bottom plate 4.1, and a second frame base body 4.3 is installed on the second horizontal guide rail 4.2 in a matching manner; the second horizontal adjusting hand wheel 4.8 is connected to a horizontal moving mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism is installed at a contact part of the second frame base body 4.3 and the second horizontal guide rail 4.2 and drives the second frame base body 4.3 to horizontally move on the second horizontal guide rail 4.2; a second vertical guide rail 4.6 in the vertical direction is arranged in the second frame base 4.3, a second vertical support plate 4.9 is mounted on the second vertical guide rail 4.6 in a matching manner, a second vertical adjusting screw 4.7 is connected to a vertical moving mechanism, and the vertical moving mechanism is mounted at the contact part of the second vertical guide rail 4.6 and the second vertical support plate 4.9 and drives the second vertical support plate 4.9 to move up and down on the second vertical guide rail 4.6; an angle sensor 4.5 is fixed on the second vertical supporting plate 4.9, a second apex 4.4 is installed on the angle sensor 4.5 in a matched mode, and the second apex 4.4 extends out of the second frame base body 4.3.
The device integrates the functions of angle measurement and limiting, and has three degrees of freedom in horizontal movement, vertical movement and rotation follow-up; the horizontal and vertical adjustment is suitable for crankshafts with different lengths and diameters, so that the center of the device is tightly propped and centered with the diameter center of the crankshaft; when the crankshaft rotates, the center rotates at a constant speed along with the crankshaft, and then the angle sensor in the device is driven to detect the angle change data of the crankshaft. In addition, the device also has a limiting function, in the measuring process, the workpiece can move along the axis to influence the measuring result, the limiting device can effectively eliminate the factor, and the accuracy of the measuring result is ensured. After the center is tightly propped and centered with the diameter center of the crankshaft, the center rotates at a constant speed along with the crankshaft when the crankshaft rotates, and then an angle sensor in the device is driven to detect the angle change data of the crankshaft and monitor in real time.
As shown in fig. 7, the inverted V-shaped fixing support 2 includes a first inverted V-shaped frame 2.1, two side surfaces of the first inverted V-shaped frame 2.1 are respectively provided with a first fixing block 2.3, and a first adjusting nut 2.2 penetrates through the first fixing block 2.3; one end of a first adjusting nut 2.2 positioned on one side of the top end of the first inverted V-shaped frame 2.1 fixes a first guide block 2.4 through a first compression bolt 2.5, the first guide block 2.4 is inosculated and attached to the side wall of the first inverted V-shaped frame 2.1, the end part of the first guide block 2.4 is a groove, a rotating shaft penetrates through the groove, and a first roller 2.6 is fixed on the rotating shaft; the first inverted V-shaped frame 2.1 is fixed on the marble base 1.
As shown in fig. 8, the inverted V-shaped floating support 3 includes a second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1, two side surfaces of the second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1 are respectively provided with a second fixed block 3.3, and a second adjusting nut 3.2 penetrates through the second fixed block 3.3; one end of a second adjusting nut 3.2 positioned on one side of the top end of the second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1 fixes a second guide block 3.4 through a second compression bolt 3.5, the second guide block 3.4 is inosculated and attached to the side wall of the second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1, the end part of the second guide block 3.4 is a groove, a rotating shaft penetrates through the groove, and a second roller 3.6 is fixed on the rotating shaft; a ball 3.7 is arranged between the bottom surface of the second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1 and the top surface of the lower fixed support 3.8, and the second inverted V-shaped frame 3.1 and the lower fixed support 3.8 are fixed through a fixing plate 3.9; the lower fixed support 3.8 is fixed on the marble base 1;
no matter the type of falling V fixed stay 2 or the type of falling V floating stay 3, the top all is certain arc sunken, and the adjustment of center height then realizes through adjusting the nut bolt, and during the regulation, adjusting bolt's lead screw is rotatory in the fixed block to promote the guide block motion, drive first gyro wheel 2.6 and second gyro wheel 3.6 and go up and down. The structure meets the support of different crankshaft main shaft diameters, realizes the adjustment of the crankshaft axis by adjusting the height of the rollers on two sides of the support, and simultaneously ensures the crankshaft to rotate freely.
As shown in fig. 9-13, the measuring device 7 includes an axis translation stage 7.1, an axial driving mechanism 7.2, a following mechanism 7.3, a roundness detection mechanism 7.4 and a measurement state detection mechanism 7.5, and the measuring device moves along the guide rail of the marble matrix to realize the detection that the axis of the crankshaft to be measured is coaxial with the measuring device; and the accurate positioning of different detection positions of the crankshaft and the automatic detection of the roundness of the same position of the crankshaft are finished.
The bottom end of the axis translation table 7.1 is provided with an axial driving mechanism 7.2, the axial driving mechanism 7.2 comprises a sliding block 7.2.3 fixed on the bottom surface of the axis translation table 7.1 and a driving motor 7.2.2, and the output shaft of the driving motor 7.2.2 is fixed with a gear 7.2.1; the slider 7.2.3 cooperation is installed on guide rail 1.1, the gear 7.2.1 cooperation is installed on rack 1.2. The driving motor 7.2.2 rotates to drive the gear 7.2.1 to rotate, and the gear 7.2.1 is meshed with the rack 1.2 on the marble base 1 to move; the slide block moves horizontally and linearly along two guide rails 1.1 fixed on the working surface of the marble basal body, so that long-distance movement and accurate positioning are realized, and the measurement of any position of the crankshaft is completed.
The follow-up mechanism 7.3 comprises a moving slide block 7.3.1 and a parallel swing rod 7.3.3, a linear roller guide rail 7.3.2 with a groove in the horizontal direction is arranged on the side surface of the axis translation table 7.1, the moving slide block 7.3.1 is installed on the linear roller guide rail 7.3.2 in a matching mode, and the moving slide block 7.3.1 can horizontally and linearly move on the linear roller guide rail 7.3.2; a parallel swing rod 7.3.3 is fixed on the moving slide block 7.3.1. A roundness detection mechanism 7.4 is arranged on a parallel swing rod 7.3.3 of the follow-up mechanism 7.3, and after the roundness detection mechanism 7.4 is placed on a main journal of the crankshaft and contacted, the roundness detection mechanism 7.4 is combined with the surface of the crankshaft by the weight of the roundness detection mechanism; when the crankshaft rotates, the roundness detection mechanism 7.4 is always vertical to the crankshaft 5 to be detected due to the action of the follow-up unit, and the measurement on one section of the main journal of the crankshaft is ensured. When the roundness detection mechanism 7.4 is placed on the crank journal of the crankshaft and contacted, the roundness detection mechanism is combined with the surface of the crankshaft by the weight of the roundness detection mechanism; when the crankshaft rotates, the crank journal of the crankshaft deflects when rotating, the roundness detection mechanism drives the roundness detection mechanism to move up and down along with the crank journal all the time under the action of the follow-up unit through the parallel swing rods 7.3.3, and the moving slide block 7.3.1 drives the roundness detection mechanism to move back and forth along with the crank journal all the time, so that the roundness detection mechanism is perpendicular to the detected crankshaft, the reciprocating deflection motion of the crank journal is kept, and accurate measurement on one section on the shaft crank journal is realized.
Roundness detection mechanism 7.4 includes saddle measuring rack 7.4.1, displacement sensor 7.4.2 and swing gasket 7.4.3, saddle measuring rack 7.4.1 bottom is sunken and saddle measuring rack 7.4.1's one side is through the fixed parallel pendulum rod 7.3.3 of round pin axle, saddle measuring rack 7.4.1's the sunken inside swing gasket 7.4.3 that is equipped with of circular arc, saddle measuring rack 7.4.1's the sunken top installation displacement sensor 7.4.2 of circular arc. During measurement, the roundness detection mechanism 7.4 rides on the crankshaft, the measurement frame and the four swing gaskets are in contact with the crankshaft, and meanwhile, the displacement sensor is kept in contact with the surface of the crankshaft all the time; when the crankshaft rotates, the four swinging base planes realize diameter positioning, and the displacement sensor can continuously scan the surface of the crankshaft, so that data related to the roundness of the measured right section of the crankshaft can be obtained.
The measurement state detection mechanism 7.5 comprises a horizontal motion block 7.5.1, a vertical moving block 7.5.3 and a measurement rod 7.5.4, a third horizontal guide rail 7.5.2 in the horizontal direction is arranged on the side surface of the axis translation table 7.1, the horizontal motion block 7.5.1 is installed in the third horizontal guide rail 7.5.2 through a horizontal moving mechanism, a third vertical guide rail 7.5.6 in the longitudinal direction is arranged on the side surface of the horizontal motion block 7.5.1, the vertical moving block 7.5.3 is installed in the third vertical guide rail 7.5.6 through a vertical moving mechanism, the measurement rod 7.5.4 in the horizontal direction is fixed on the vertical moving block 7.5.3, and a measurement head 7.5.5 is arranged at the tail end of the measurement rod 7.5.4. The tested crankshaft 5 is placed on the inverted V-shaped fixed support 2 and the inverted V-shaped floating support 3, and the tested crankshaft and the detector are not coaxial due to different support heights and eccentricities, so that system measurement errors are caused; therefore, the horizontal states of the two ends (front and back) and the up and down direction of the crankshaft to be measured need to be measured, and the circle center of the left end detection section and the circle center of the right end detection section of the crankshaft are ensured to be on the same straight line relative to the reference through V-shaped support adjustment, so that the accuracy of the measurement result of the system is improved.
The measurement process of the coaxiality of the crankshaft and the detection reference comprises the following steps:
(a) the method comprises the following steps Selecting a left end section and a right end section of a crankshaft 5 to be measured as measured areas;
(b) the method comprises the following steps The measuring device moves to the left end section of the crankshaft 5 to be measured, the system controls the measuring state detection mechanism to measure three sections of circular arcs of the left end section, and the circle center coordinate value of the left end section relative to the reference is determined through the highest points of the three sections of circular arcs (the determination method of the circle center value of the right end section is the same as that of the left end section).
(c) The method comprises the following steps After the circle centers of the left end section and the right end section are determined, the center lines of the circle centers of the two sections are fitted through software, and whether the left end and the right end of the crankshaft accord with the measurement state or not is determined.
In the specific detection process:
(1) adjusting the inverted V-shaped support: two sets of inverted V-shaped supports are symmetrically arranged on the marble base 1 along the positioning grooves according to the length of the crankshaft. Starting the measuring device to stop at the corresponding position, starting to detect the height and the offset (one set of the height and the offset) of two rollers on the V-shaped support by a measuring head 7.5.5 on the measuring device, and then automatically moving to the other set of the V-shaped support to detect the height and the offset of the rollers; when the heights and the offsets of the rollers of the two sets of V-shaped supports are manually and repeatedly adjusted and continuously detected to be consistent, the center lines of the two sets of V-shaped supports on the surface are consistent.
(2) Placing a crankshaft to be measured, and adjusting the measurement state of the crankshaft: starting the detection device, obtaining the coordinate values of the circle centers of the sections selected at the two ends of the crankshaft by using the measurement device, and then judging the postures of the left end and the right end of the crankshaft.
(3) Installing a driving device and an angle measuring device: after the measured crankshaft is adjusted, a driving device and an angle measuring device are installed at the two ends of the measured crankshaft, the top of the driving device and the top of the angle measuring device are well combined with the crankshaft, and then the driving device and the angle measuring device are locked on the marble platform.
(4) Starting roundness measurement: the computer starts the measurement work, the measuring device moves to the roundness detection position, the driving device drives the crankshaft to start rotating, the angle measuring device detects the change value of the rotation angle of the crankshaft, and the computer automatically judges that the crankshaft rotates to enter a stable state; then starting a displacement sensor for detecting the roundness, reading the displacement corresponding to each angle, and controlling and stopping the detection work of the roundness of the section by a computer after the crankshaft rotates 360 degrees.
(5) And (3) roundness detection of the multiple sections: the roundness of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft is important detection data, and after the computer detects the roundness data of one section of the journal, the computer automatically controls the roundness detection unit to move to a second detection section, and repeats the operation of 4 until the roundness detection of a third section and a fourth section is completed.
(6) Data recording, displaying and processing: all data of the crankshaft detection process are stored by a computer, detection data and graphs can be displayed in real time through software, after detection of a plurality of sections of a certain main journal or connecting rod journal of the crankshaft is completed, the roundness of the main journal or the connecting rod journal can be automatically calculated by the computer, and a detection report is output according to operation requirements.
(7) And (4) finishing the measurement: after the detection is finished, the computer controls the roundness detection unit and the measuring device to automatically return to the safe position, and then the axis translation table moves the roundness detection unit and the measuring device to the designated working position; and meanwhile, the movable driving device and the angle measuring device are adjusted, and the detected crankshaft is manually transported, so that the roundness of the crankshaft is detected.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A roundness measuring instrument is characterized by comprising a marble base platform (1), a driving device (6), an angle measuring device (4), an inverted V-shaped fixed support (2), an inverted V-shaped floating support (3) and a measuring device (7), the driving device (6) and the measuring device (7) are respectively fixed at two ends of the marble base (1) and respectively fixed at two ends of the crankshaft (5) to be measured, the driving device (6) drives the crankshaft (5) to be measured to rotate, the angle measuring device (4) measures the rotating angle of the crankshaft (5) to be measured, an inverted V-shaped fixed support (2) is respectively fixed at the two ends of the marble base (1) at the crankshaft (5) to be measured, an inverted V-shaped floating support (3) is fixed at the position between the two inverted V-shaped fixed supports (2), the inverted V-shaped fixed support (2) and the inverted V-shaped floating support (3) are matched with each other to support a crankshaft (5) to be measured; the measuring device (7) detects the roundness of the same position of the crankshaft (5) to be measured;
two rows of mounting screw holes (1.3) and two guide rails (1.1) are arranged on the marble base table (1) in parallel in the horizontal direction, and a rack (1.2) is also arranged between the guide rails in parallel;
the measuring device (7) comprises an axis translation table (7.1), an axial driving mechanism (7.2), a follow-up mechanism (7.3) and a roundness detection mechanism (7.4),
an axial driving mechanism (7.2) is arranged at the bottom end of the axis translation table (7.1), the axial driving mechanism (7.2) comprises a sliding block (7.2.3) and a driving motor (7.2.2) which are fixed on the bottom surface of the axis translation table (7.1), and a gear (7.2.1) is fixed at the output shaft end of the driving motor (7.2.2); the sliding block (7.2.3) is arranged on the guide rail (1.1) in a matching way, and the gear (7.2.1) is arranged on the rack (1.2) in a matching way;
the follow-up mechanism (7.3) comprises a moving slide block (7.3.1) and a parallel swing rod (7.3.3), a linear roller guide rail (7.3.2) with a groove in the horizontal direction is arranged on the side surface of the axis translation table (7.1), the moving slide block (7.3.1) is installed on the linear roller guide rail (7.3.2) in a matching mode, and the moving slide block (7.3.1) can horizontally and linearly move on the linear roller guide rail (7.3.2); a parallel swing rod (7.3.3) is fixed on the moving slide block (7.3.1);
roundness detection mechanism (7.4) are including saddle measuring rack (7.4.1), displacement sensor (7.4.2) and swing gasket (7.4.3), saddle measuring rack (7.4.1) bottom is sunken and saddle measuring rack's (7.4.1) one side is through the fixed parallel pendulum rod of round pin axle (7.3.3) of circular arc, the circular arc of saddle measuring rack (7.4.1) is sunken inside to be equipped with swing gasket (7.4.3), saddle measuring rack's (7.4.1) circular arc is sunken top installation displacement sensor (7.4.2).
2. The roundness measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein said driving means (6) comprises a first base plate (6.1), said first base plate (6.1) being bolted to two rows of mounting screw holes (1.3); a first horizontal guide rail (6.2) in the horizontal direction is arranged on the first bottom plate (6.1), and a first frame base body (6.3) is installed on the first horizontal guide rail (6.2) in an inosculating manner; the first horizontal adjusting hand wheel (6.10) is connected to a horizontal moving mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism is installed at a contact part of the first frame base body (6.3) and the first horizontal guide rail (6.2) and drives the first frame base body (6.3) to horizontally move on the first horizontal guide rail (6.2); a first vertical guide rail (6.8) in the vertical direction is arranged in the first frame base body (6.3), a first vertical support plate (6.12) is mounted on the first vertical guide rail (6.8) in a matching mode, a first vertical adjusting screw rod (6.9) is connected to a vertical moving mechanism, the vertical moving mechanism is mounted at the contact part of the first vertical support plate (6.12) and the first vertical guide rail (6.8) and drives the first vertical support plate (6.12) to move up and down on the first vertical guide rail (6.8); a driving motor (6.6) is fixed on the first vertical supporting plate (6.12), the driving motor (6.6) is connected with a gearbox (6.7), the gearbox (6.7) is connected with a rotating shaft (6.11), the rotating shaft (6.11) extends out of the first frame base body (6.3), a first tip (6.5) is arranged at the tail end of the rotating shaft (6.11), and a driving lever (6.4) is further fixed on the rotating shaft (6.11).
3. The roundness measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the angle measuring device (4) comprises a second base plate (4.1), the second base plate (4.1) being bolted with two rows of mounting screw holes (1.3); a second horizontal guide rail (4.2) in the horizontal direction is arranged on the second bottom plate (4.1), and a second frame base body (4.3) is installed on the second horizontal guide rail (4.2) in a matching manner; the second horizontal adjusting hand wheel (4.8) is connected to a horizontal moving mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism is installed at a contact part of the second frame base body (4.3) and the second horizontal guide rail (4.2) and drives the second frame base body (4.3) to horizontally move on the second horizontal guide rail (4.2); a second vertical guide rail (4.6) in the vertical direction is arranged in the second frame base body (4.3), a second vertical support plate (4.9) is mounted on the second vertical guide rail (4.6) in a matching manner, a second vertical adjusting screw (4.7) is connected to a vertical moving mechanism, and the vertical moving mechanism is mounted at the contact part of the second vertical guide rail (4.6) and the second vertical support plate (4.9) and drives the second vertical support plate (4.9) to move up and down on the second vertical guide rail (4.6); an angle sensor (4.5) is fixed on the second vertical supporting plate (4.9), the angle sensor (4.5) is installed on the second top (4.4) in a matched mode, and the second top (4.4) extends out of the second frame base body (4.3).
4. The roundness measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein said inverted V-shaped fixing support (2) comprises a first inverted V-shaped frame (2.1), a first fixing block (2.3) is respectively provided on both side surfaces of said first inverted V-shaped frame (2.1), and a first adjusting nut (2.2) passes through said first fixing block (2.3); one end of a first adjusting nut (2.2) positioned on one side of the top end of the first inverted V-shaped frame (2.1) fixes a first guide block (2.4) through a first compression bolt (2.5), the first guide block (2.4) is inosculated and attached to the side wall of the first inverted V-shaped frame (2.1), the end part of the first guide block (2.4) is a groove, a rotating shaft penetrates through the groove, and a first roller (2.6) is fixed on the rotating shaft; the first inverted V-shaped frame (2.1) is fixed on the marble base (1).
5. The roundness measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein said inverted V floating support (3) comprises a second inverted V frame (3.1), a second fixed block (3.3) is respectively provided on both side surfaces of said second inverted V frame (3.1), and a second adjusting nut (3.2) passes through said second fixed block (3.3); one end of a second adjusting nut (3.2) positioned on one side of the top end of the second inverted V-shaped frame (3.1) fixes a second guide block (3.4) through a second compression bolt (3.5), the second guide block (3.4) is inosculated and attached to the side wall of the second inverted V-shaped frame (3.1), the end part of the second guide block (3.4) is a groove, a rotating shaft penetrates through the groove, and a second roller (3.6) is fixed on the rotating shaft; balls (3.7) are arranged between the bottom surface of the second inverted V-shaped frame (3.1) and the top surface of the lower fixed support (3.8), and the second inverted V-shaped frame (3.1) and the lower fixed support (3.8) are fixed through a fixing plate (3.9); the lower fixed support (3.8) is fixed on the marble base (1).
6. The roundness measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device (7) further comprises a measuring state detecting mechanism (7.5), the measuring state detecting mechanism (7.5) comprises a horizontal moving block (7.5.1), a vertical moving block (7.5.3) and a measuring rod (7.5.4), a third horizontal guide rail (7.5.2) in the horizontal direction is arranged on the side surface of the axis translation table (7.1), the horizontal moving block (7.5.1) is installed in the third horizontal guide rail (7.5.2) through the horizontal moving mechanism, a third vertical guide rail (7.5.6) in the longitudinal direction is arranged on the side surface of the horizontal moving block (7.5.1), the vertical moving block (7.5.3) is installed in the third vertical guide rail (7.5.6) through the vertical moving mechanism, the horizontal measuring rod (7.5.4) is fixed on the vertical moving block (7.5.3), and a measuring head (7.5.5) is arranged at the tail end of the measuring rod (7.5.4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710666885.2A CN107339967B (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2017-08-07 | Roundness measuring instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710666885.2A CN107339967B (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2017-08-07 | Roundness measuring instrument |
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| CN107339967B true CN107339967B (en) | 2020-07-14 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109186516A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-01-11 | 芜湖隆深机器人有限公司 | A kind of axial workpiece on-line automatic detection device and its application method |
| CN114509032A (en) * | 2022-01-16 | 2022-05-17 | 贵阳瑞极精密测量有限公司 | Crankshaft detection device |
| CN114838642B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-08-11 | 湖北理工学院 | Refrigerating compressor crankshaft detection equipment and detection method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0081376A2 (en) * | 1981-12-09 | 1983-06-15 | Gkn Technology Limited | Crankshaft centring |
| CN102679927A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-19 | 中国航空动力机械研究所 | Measuring device and use method thereof |
| CN104019716A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-03 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Device for inspecting crankshaft blank |
| CN204439007U (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-01 | 曹录民 | Deviation from cylindrical form successive dynamic measuring device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3807829B2 (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 2006-08-09 | コマツ工機株式会社 | Crankshaft automatic measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-08-07 CN CN201710666885.2A patent/CN107339967B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0081376A2 (en) * | 1981-12-09 | 1983-06-15 | Gkn Technology Limited | Crankshaft centring |
| CN102679927A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-19 | 中国航空动力机械研究所 | Measuring device and use method thereof |
| CN104019716A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-03 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Device for inspecting crankshaft blank |
| CN204439007U (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-01 | 曹录民 | Deviation from cylindrical form successive dynamic measuring device |
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