CN1073124C - 制备间规聚苯乙烯与聚乙烯嵌段共聚物的催化剂 - Google Patents
制备间规聚苯乙烯与聚乙烯嵌段共聚物的催化剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于制备间规聚苯乙烯与聚乙烯嵌段共聚物(sPS-b-PE)的催化剂,包括有机金属钛化合物CpTi(OCH2R1)3和烷基铝氧烷,其中Cp为环戊二烯基,R1为含4~20个碳原子的杂环基团。该催化剂具有催化活性、催化效率高的特点,可用于工业生产中。
Description
本发明涉及制备间规聚苯乙烯与聚乙烯嵌段共聚物(sPS-b-PE)的催化剂。
苯乙烯聚合物可分为无规聚苯乙烯、等规聚苯乙烯和间规聚苯乙烯。合成间规聚苯乙烯通常采用有机金属钛化合物和聚甲基铝氧烷(MAO)组成的催化剂。有机金属钛化合物主要为茂钛化合物。文献EP210615和US5252693等报道了采用CpTiCl3/MAO催化剂用于苯乙烯间规聚合的情况,但其催化活性及催化效率不高,工业用不合宜,同时该催化剂也不适宜用于苯乙烯与乙烯嵌段共聚合。
本发明的目的是为了提供一种新的制备间规聚苯乙烯与聚乙烯嵌段共聚物的催化剂,该催化剂具有高的催化活性及催化效率。
本发明的目的是通过以下的技术方案来实现的:一种制备间规聚苯乙烯与聚乙烯嵌段共聚物的催化剂,包括有机金属钛化合物Ⅰ和烷基铝氧烷Ⅱ;
式中Cp为环戊二烯基;
R1为四氢呋喃基团;
R2为含1~4个碳原子的烷基;
n为烷基铝氧烷的齐聚度,其值为6~40;
烷基铝氧烷Ⅱ中铝对有机金属钛化合物Ⅰ的摩尔比范围为50~2000。
上述技术方案中R2的优选方案为甲基,齐聚度n的值优选范围为10~30。
聚烷基铝氧烷(MAO)是由烷基铝的控制水解制备得到的,反应物水可以是含结晶水的无机盐中的水,含结晶水的无机盐可以是CaCl2·6H2O、MgCl2·6H2O、CuSO4·5H2O、Al2(SO4)3·18H2O、CaSO4·2H2O、MgSO4·7H2O、FeSO4·7H2O、Ti(SO4)2·4H2O、Ti2(SO4)3·8H2O和ZnSO4·7H2O等。三甲基铝与水的克分子比为1∶1~3.0,反应温度为-20~100℃,反应时间为10~40小时。常用的烷基铝有三甲基铝、、三乙基铝、三异丁基铝等。具体步骤为:将烷基铝按Al/H2O摩尔比为1∶1~2.5在-20~0℃下慢慢滴加入Al2(SO4)3·18H2O的甲苯溶液中,滴加时间为0.5~5小时;滴加完毕后,使反应温度升至20~100℃,在此温度下,反应5~40小时,反应结束后,将固体过滤,蒸发除去溶剂得到白色固体产物,即得到结构为Ⅱ的烷基铝氧烷。
茂钛化合物Ⅰ的制备方法如下:由相应的茂基三氯化钛与四氢呋喃甲醇(HO-)在氯化氢吸收剂存在下以碳氢化合物为溶剂反应制得。氯化氢吸收剂可以是各种胺类化合物,其中以三烷基胺为宜,例如三乙胺。碳氢化合物可以是脂肪烃或芳香烃,使用芳香烃更好。例如苯、甲苯等。具体步骤为:将乙胺与四氢呋喃甲醇混合溶液慢慢滴加至茂基三氯化钛的苯溶液中,茂基三氯化钛与四氢呋喃甲醇的克分子比为1∶3.0~3.5,茂基三氯化钛与三乙胺的克分子比为1∶3.0~3.5,反应温度为0~60℃,反应时间为1~30小时,过滤除去固体,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,得到的粗产物用己烷萃取,除去挥发物后,得红褐色的粘液。
当R1为四氢呋喃时,化合物Ⅰ的元素分析,氢核磁共振谱1H NMR、碳核磁共振谱13C NMR、质谱MS和红外光谱的结果见如下数据:
元素分析(element analyses)
Calcd for C20H34O6Ti:C:57.42;H:8.19.Found:C:57.30;H:7.90
氢核磁共振谱[1H NMR(CDCl3 TMS intern)]:
δ1.78(m,12H,(C-CH2CH2-C)3),3.85(d,6H,(OCH2C)3),
4.19-4.25(m,9H,(CCHO OCH2)3),6.35-6.37(d,5H,CpH).
碳13核磁共振谱[13C NMR(CDCCl3)]:
δ64.8(Ti-OCH2-),79.2(-CH2CH2-),80.0(-CH-),79.4(CH2-O),114.0(CpC).
质谱[MS(m/z,%intensity)]:
41(60,CH2CHCH+),43(100,CH2CHO+),65(30,C5H5 +),66(32,C5H5 +),
64(10,TiO+),71(100,OCHCH2CH2CH2 +),85(13,CH2CHCH2CH2CH2O+),
113(4,CpTi+),129(28,CpTiO+),165(18,M-Cp-(OCH2CHCH2CH2CH2O)2 +),
213(11,M-(OCH2CHCH2CH2CH2O)2 +),249(18,M-Cp-(OCH2CHCH2CH2CH2O)+),
315(10,M-OCH2CHCH2CH2CH2O+),351(22,M-Cp+).
红外光谱(Infrared FTIR)
波数 | 振 动 |
31002966-28681735-164414471131-1068990589 | 茂环C-H伸缩振动碳氢键不对称伸缩振动[VasC-H(O-CH2-C)]茂环的泛频吸收带茂环骨架振动碳氧键伸缩振动[Vc-0(Ti)],以及四氢呋喃环骨架振动茂环上C-H的平面弯曲振动钛碳键伸缩振动(VTi-c) |
催化剂组分Ⅰ和Ⅱ可以在惰性气体保护下(例如氮气、氩气等)在0~50℃下,最好是25℃进行预混合。
聚合反应在25~100℃,最好是在30~60℃之间进行。为了得到理想性能的聚合物,聚合需要用一定的时间,从几分钟到几小时,最好是1~10小时,理想的聚合时间取决于聚合温度、溶剂和其它聚合条件。聚合反应方式可以采用溶液聚合、淤浆聚合和本体聚合。对于溶液聚合和淤浆聚合,采用的溶剂为脂肪烃或芳香烃,如己烷、庚烷、环己烷、苯、甲苯等。苯乙烯在溶剂中的浓度在5~100%范围内,乙烯压力在0.1~1.0MPa范围。
本发明采用一种新的茂钛金属化合物作为制备间规聚苯乙烯与聚乙烯嵌段共聚物的主催化剂,使催化剂的催化效率较高达到了14.1千克聚合物/克钛,取得了较好的效果。
下面就通过实施例对本发明作进一步的阐述【实施例1】
茂钛化合物的制备
将1.51g(6.88mmol)茂基三氯化钛装入干燥的、受氮气保护的250ml反应瓶中,加入40ml干燥的苯,再在氮气保护下用滴液漏斗缓慢地滴加35ml含有2.08g(20.6mmol,2.87ml)三乙胺和2.10g(20.6mmol,2.00ml)四氢呋喃甲醇的干燥的苯溶液,让其在20℃的温度下反应24h,过滤,抽干溶剂,再用干燥的40℃的正己烷萃取,恒温静置2h,将上层清液转移到干燥洁净充氮气的容器中,抽干溶剂,得红褐色油状产物2.52g,得率88%。配成0.02M的甲苯溶液备用。【实施例2】
MAO的制备
装有电磁搅拌的500ml反应器中加入30克经碾磨的Al2(SO4)3·18H2O和70ml甲苯,在-10℃温度下,滴加200ml浓度为3.1M的三甲基铝甲苯溶液。滴加速度为5毫升/分钟,60分钟滴完。然后逐渐提高反应温度,在2h内使温度达到60℃,继续反应24h。反应混和物经过滤除去固体,滤液在30℃下用真空泵抽1h,除去部分甲苯,再在50℃下抽干,将甲苯等挥发物除去,得到12.8g白色固体MAO,产率约32.0%,经测定,甲基铝氧烷(MAO)的平均齐聚度为16。【实施例3】
将装有搅拌的250ml三口瓶真空干燥2h,充氮气维持正压,加入20ml甲苯,实施例2制备的MAO 0.35g,实施例1制备的茂钛化合物0.38ml,在65℃下加入10ml苯乙烯,反应30分钟,抽走反应瓶中的氮气,立即通入0.213MPa的乙烯,并维持此压反应90分钟,反应产物经5%的酸性甲醇终止后,过滤并真空干燥,得共聚产物5.1g,催化效率为14.1千克聚合物/克钛。共聚产物经40℃四氢呋喃抽提得到共聚物,不溶物为苯乙烯和乙烯的均聚物。DSC分析表明,共聚物Tg为89.3℃,两个熔融峰分别为255.8℃和130.2℃,证明所合成的共聚物具有间规苯乙烯嵌段的sPS-b-PE嵌段共聚物。【实施例4】
茂钛化合物的制备
将2.22g(10.1mmol)茂基三氯化钛装入干燥的、受氮气保护的250ml反应瓶中,加入45ml干燥的苯,再在氮气保护下用滴液漏斗缓慢地滴加45ml含有3.08g(30.3mmol,4.25ml)三乙胺和3.10g(30.3mmol,2.94ml)四氢呋喃甲醇的干燥的苯溶液,让其在25℃的温度下反应24h,过滤,抽干溶剂,再用干燥的40℃的正己烷萃取,恒温静置2h,将上层清液转移到干燥洁净充氮气的容器中,抽干溶剂,得红褐色油状产物3.82g,得率91%。配成0.02M的甲苯溶液备用。【实施例5】
将装有搅拌的250ml三口瓶真空干燥2h,充氮气维持正压,加入20ml甲苯,实施例2制备的MAO 0.35g,实施例4制备的茂钛化合物0.4ml,在60℃下加入10ml苯乙烯,反应30分钟,抽走反应瓶中的氮气,立即通入0.118Mpa的乙烯,并维持此压力反应90分钟,反应产物经5%的酸性甲醇终止后,过滤并真空干燥,得共聚产物3.8g,催化效率为9.8千克聚合物/克钛。共聚产物经40℃四氢呋喃抽提得到共聚物,不溶物为苯乙烯和乙烯的均聚物。DSC分析表明,共聚物Tg为89℃,两个熔融峰分别为259.5℃和131℃,证明所合成的共聚物具有间规苯乙烯嵌段的sPS-b-PE嵌段共聚物。
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US5100983A (en) * | 1990-03-07 | 1992-03-31 | Tosoh Corporation | Process for producing syndiotactic polymer of aromatic vinyl compounds |
US5652315A (en) * | 1992-06-04 | 1997-07-29 | Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. | Method for preparing ethylene copolymer |
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US5100983A (en) * | 1990-03-07 | 1992-03-31 | Tosoh Corporation | Process for producing syndiotactic polymer of aromatic vinyl compounds |
US5652315A (en) * | 1992-06-04 | 1997-07-29 | Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. | Method for preparing ethylene copolymer |
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