CN107311791A - A kind of preparation of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of preparation of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107311791A CN107311791A CN201611073645.3A CN201611073645A CN107311791A CN 107311791 A CN107311791 A CN 107311791A CN 201611073645 A CN201611073645 A CN 201611073645A CN 107311791 A CN107311791 A CN 107311791A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator, its component is in terms of parts by weight, including clay mineral material:25~30 parts of modified meerschaum, attapulgite modified 5~8 parts, 0.7~1.0 part of modified alta-mud, organic matter material:20~25 parts of fermented organic waste, 8~12 parts of charcoal mixing material, 10~15 parts of tea stalks, precipitating reagent:0.8~1.0 part of heavy metal precipitator, fertilizer class:15~20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, the invention also discloses a kind of preparation method and application method of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator.Main component of the present invention is natural material, secondary pollution will not be produced, there is good passivation effect to heavy metal in agricultural land soil, soil with organic matter content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) can be improved simultaneously, are prevented and treated soil hardening, are effectively improved the soil texture, adjustable soil porosity, necessary nutriment is provided for microbe survival, improves soil physico-chemical property and microbiota, Productive Potential of Soil is improved.
Description
Technical field
Field is repaired the present invention relates to agricultural land soil environmental protection, a kind of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals are specifically related to
The preparation of passivator and its application method.
Background technology
In the last few years with the continuous report of " cadmium rice " event, farmland soil heavy metals pollution control, which also turns into, ensures grain
Food safety, implements the focus of livelihood issues.And agricultural land soil environmental quality is from national Soil Pollution Investigation (2005 first
April in December, 2013) as can be seen that its soil environment situation totally allows of no optimist, some areas soil pollution is heavier, arable land
Soil environment quality causes anxiety, and wherein soils in south china pollution overweights the north.
The situation is tense for agricultural land soil environmental quality its heavy metal pollution.Ministry of Agriculture's pollution of agricultural products prevention emphasis laboratory pair
National 24 provinces and cities' land investigations show that 320 severe contamination areas, about 548 × 104h m2, the agricultural product of heavy metals exceeding standard are accounted for
More than the 80% of the exceeded agricultural product gross area of pollutant.Before 2006, Environmental Protection Department is to 30 × 104hm2 basic farmland protections
The heavy metal of area's soil has taken a sample test 3.6 × 104hm2, and heavy metals exceeding standard rate is up to 12.1%.
In the repairing and treating of heavy metal polluted soil of farmland, passivation conditioning technology is compared with other recovery techniques, with place
The advantage such as the reason time is short, the scope of application is wider, is a kind of more ripe and cost-effective technology.The technology using passivator with
The physics chemical actions such as precipitation, absorption, chelating occur for soil and heavy metal therein, by the chemistry for changing heavy metal in soil
Form reduces its migration, so as to reach the effect of repairing and treating.
Due to curing/stabilizing medicament in curing/stabilizing technology in industrial sites heavy metal pollution, more with cement, stone
Based on the hydraulic materials such as ash, gypsum, the reparation medicament containing cement constituents can cause soil after repairing after soil is added to
The value of soil originally is disappeared totally after earth hardening, increase-volume, irreversible destruction is caused to soil environment, it is impossible to keep soil
Arability, lose preciousness land resource.And the passivating material being applicable at present during the repairing and treating of farmland focuses mostly on
Single lime material, clay mineral materials, biological carbon materials, organic materials and trade waste etc., its effect it is many by
To the influence of climatic environment, the problem of effect has certain in extension process, therefore, a kind of it is proposed that environment-friendly type farmland soil
The preparation of earth heavy metal deactivator and its application method.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the defect of prior art there is provided a kind of environment-friendly type agricultural land soil huge sum of money
Belong to preparation and its application method of passivator, solve the problem of farmland soil heavy metals are seriously polluted.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals are blunt
Agent, its component is in terms of parts by weight, including clay mineral material:25~30 parts of modified meerschaum, attapulgite modified 5~8
Part, 0.7~1.0 part of modified alta-mud, organic matter material:20~25 parts of fermented organic waste, charcoal mixing material 8~12
Part, 10~15 parts of tea stalks, precipitating reagent:0.8~1.0 part of heavy metal precipitator, fertilizer class:15~20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate.
The invention further relates to a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator, preparation process is as follows：
The first step：Raw material processing, first by modified meerschaum, attapulgite modified, modified alta-mud and heavy metal precipitation
The mesh sieve of 200 mesh~300 is crossed in agent, and fermented organic waste, charcoal compound, tea stalks cross 100 mesh sieves, and calcium magnesium phosphate crosses 80 mesh
Screen cloth；
Second step：Material is mixed, and each material is weighed by the mass fraction, is sent into mixer above and below carrying out, left
It is right, inside and outside equably to stir, it is sufficiently mixed so that material reaches；
3rd step：The material for accounting for mixed material gross weight 30~40%, is first delivered in granulating disc by rotary table granulation
Granulated, the rotating disk pitch angle control of comminutor is at 40 °~50 °, and comminutor rotating speed should gradually be accelerated, last rotating speed control is 55
~60r/min, intermittently sprays moisture；Allow material 8~10min of rotation in rotating disk, make the material turning formation ball of surface wettability
Core, then leftover materials are continuously added to, ball is gradually grown up, whole granulation time control is in 18~20min；
4th step：Particle is dried, and the material granulated is directly dried or is transported in 70~80 DEG C of dryer and dried,
Make moisture content of material≤3.0%；
5th step：Finished product is sieved, and the material after drying is transported into screen cloth and sieved, and finished product grain size control is existed
1.0~3.0mm, that is, be prepared into described environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator.
The invention further relates to a kind of application method of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator, every mu of administration passivator
250~300kg, directly addition are by way of broadcasting sowing, and with reference to ploughing a field, site preparation is applied, and soil moisture content is 20%~30%.
The present invention has an advantageous effect in that compared with prior art：
1. the main component in the passivator that the present invention is used is natural material, it can pass through chelating, precipitation, absorption
Etc. compound action, fast and effeciently heavy metal contaminants in stable soil.Heavy metal contaminants are passivated stabilization, can be reduced
The toxicity and biological effectiveness of heavy metal contaminants, reach reduction heavy-metal contaminated soil to environmental and human health impacts risk, from
And repairing heavy metal polluted soil of farmland.
2. the present invention can improve soil with organic matter content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) simultaneously, prevent and treat soil hardening, in addition its
Tea stalks, organic matter and charcoal component play the role of to improve the soil texture in component, while rehabilitating soil, progressively
Improve soil environment quality.
3. the present invention repairs high efficiency and environment friendly because of it, it can also be applied to mine ecological restoration engineering, this
The raw material used in invention are cheap and easy to get, non-secondary pollution, high in actual soil remediation engineer applied feasibility, are a kind of
Repair field environment-friendly type heavy-metal contaminated soil passivator in farmland rapidly and efficiently.
4. instant component can adjust the porosity of soil, necessary nutriment also is provided for microbe survival, is improved
The physicochemical property and microbiota of soil, improve the productive potentialities of soil.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
A kind of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator, its component is in terms of parts by weight, including clay mineral material:Change
Property 25~30 parts of sepiolite, attapulgite modified 5~8 parts, 0.7~1.0 part of modified alta-mud, organic matter material:Fermentation is organic
20~25 parts of discarded object, 8~12 parts of charcoal mixing material, 10~15 parts of tea stalks, precipitating reagent:Heavy metal precipitator 0.8~
1.0 parts, fertilizer class:15~20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate.
A kind of preparation method of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator, preparation process is as follows：
The first step：Raw material processing, first by modified meerschaum, attapulgite modified, modified alta-mud and heavy metal precipitation
The mesh sieve of 200 mesh~300 is crossed in agent, and fermented organic waste, charcoal compound, tea stalks cross 100 mesh sieves, and calcium magnesium phosphate crosses 80 mesh
Screen cloth；
Second step：Material is mixed, and each material is weighed by the mass fraction, is sent into mixer above and below carrying out, left
It is right, inside and outside equably to stir, it is sufficiently mixed so that material reaches；
3rd step：The material for accounting for mixed material gross weight 30~40%, is first delivered in granulating disc by rotary table granulation
Granulated, the rotating disk pitch angle control of comminutor is at 40 °~50 °, and comminutor rotating speed should gradually be accelerated, last rotating speed control is 55
~60r/min, intermittently sprays moisture；Allow material 8~10min of rotation in rotating disk, make the material turning formation ball of surface wettability
Core, then leftover materials are continuously added to, ball is gradually grown up, whole granulation time control is in 18~20min；
4th step：Particle is dried, and the material granulated is directly dried or is transported in 70~80 DEG C of dryer and dried,
Make moisture content of material≤3.0%；
5th step：Finished product is sieved, and the material after drying is transported into screen cloth and sieved, and finished product grain size control is existed
1.0~3.0mm, that is, be prepared into described environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator.
A kind of application method of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator, every mu of administration 250~300kg of the passivator,
Directly addition is by way of broadcasting sowing, and with reference to ploughing a field, site preparation is applied, and soil moisture content is 20%~30%.
Embodiment 1
The first step：Raw material processing, first by 25 parts of modified meerschaum parts by weight, 7 parts of attapulgite modified parts by weight,
The mesh sieve of 1 part of modified alta-mud parts by weight and 1 part of mesh of mistake 200 of heavy metal precipitator parts by weight~300, fermented organic waste
22 parts of parts by weight, 10 parts of charcoal compound parts by weight, 15 parts of mesh sieves of mistake 100 of tea stalks parts by weight, calcium magnesium phosphate weight
Measure 19 parts of eye mesh screens of mistake 80 of number；
Second step：Material mix, by each material press the mass fraction, send into mixer in carry out above and below, left and right, it is interior
Equably stir, be sufficiently mixed so that material reaches outside；
3rd step：The material for accounting for mixed material gross weight 30~40%, is first delivered in granulating disc by rotary table granulation
Granulated, the rotating disk pitch angle control of comminutor is at 40 °~50 °, and comminutor rotating speed should gradually be accelerated, last rotating speed control is 55
~60r/min, intermittently sprays moisture；Allow material 8~10min of rotation in rotating disk, make the material turning formation ball of surface wettability
Core, then leftover materials are continuously added to, ball is gradually grown up, whole granulation time control is in 18~20min；
4th step：Particle is dried, and the material granulated is directly dried or is transported in 70~80 DEG C of dryer and dried,
Make moisture content of material≤3.0%；
5th step：Finished product is sieved, and the material after drying is transported into screen cloth and sieved, and finished product grain size control is existed
1.0~3.0mm, that is, be prepared into described environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator.
Heavy metal deactivator in the present embodiment is used for farmland soil heavy metals cadmium and is passivated potted plant experiment, is added a certain amount of
Passivator, determine the content and crop edible part cadmium content of its heavy metal in soil cadmium available state.
Its specific agricultural land soil Inactivation experiment design is as follows with result：
Contaminated soil and the ratio processing of passivation medicament different quality are set, and passivation medicament is respectively by 4 kinds according to 0g/kg, 10g/
Kg, 20g/kg are added in cadmium pollution soil (per basin 5kg), and the basic physical and chemical of its soil is as shown in table 1.Preliminary mixing is equal
It is distributed into after even in flowerpot, makes soil moisture content about 20~30%, after conserving one week, pakchoi is planted in flowerpot.
The basic physical and chemical of the soil of table 1
Flowerpot is placed in greenhouse, during which can suitably water holding soil moisture.Grow after January, determine the effective cadmium of soil and contain
Amount, Xiaoqinling Nature Reserve edible part cadmium content.With reference to GB/T 23739-2009 effective cadmium is extracted with DTPA extractants.
As shown in table 2, different administration amount can significantly reduce effective cadmium and the edible portion of pakchoi in soil to potted plant experiment result
Position cadmium content.Cd contents are current more than China in control group pakchoi《Pollutants in food is limited the quantity》(GB2762-2012) leaf vegetables
Class 0.2mg/kg standard, with the content of the addition of passivator, effectively the reduction effective cadmium of soil, reduction paddy rice edible part Cd
Content.
Influence of the different administration amount of table 2 to the effective cadmium of soil and Xiaoqinling Nature Reserve edible part cadmium content
Embodiment 2
The first step：Raw material processing, first by 30 parts of modified meerschaum parts by weight, 8 parts of attapulgite modified parts by weight,
The mesh sieve of 1 part of modified alta-mud parts by weight and 1 part of mesh of mistake 200 of heavy metal precipitator parts by weight~300, fermented organic waste
22 parts of parts by weight, 12 parts of charcoal compound parts by weight, 10 parts of mesh sieves of mistake 100 of tea stalks parts by weight, calcium magnesium phosphate weight
Measure 16 parts of eye mesh screens of mistake 80 of number；
Second step：Material mix, by each material press the mass fraction, send into mixer in carry out above and below, left and right, it is interior
Equably stir, be sufficiently mixed so that material reaches outside；
3rd step：The material for accounting for mixed material gross weight 30~40%, is first delivered in granulating disc by rotary table granulation
Granulated, the rotating disk pitch angle control of comminutor is at 40 °~50 °, and comminutor rotating speed should gradually be accelerated, last rotating speed control is 55
~60r/min, intermittently sprays moisture；Allow material 8~10min of rotation in rotating disk, make the material turning formation ball of surface wettability
Core, then leftover materials are continuously added to, ball is gradually grown up, whole granulation time control is in 18~20min；
4th step：Particle is dried, and the material granulated is directly dried or is transported in 70~80 DEG C of dryer and dried,
Make moisture content of material≤3.0%；
5th step：Finished product is sieved, and the material after drying is transported into screen cloth and sieved, and finished product grain size control is existed
1.0~3.0mm, that is, be prepared into described environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator.
Heavy metal deactivator in the present embodiment is applied in field experiment, field experiment existed on May 10th, 2015
Yixing is carried out, and the project is located at Yixing City eastern region, Jiangsu Province, because the sewage of electroplating enterprise causes heavy metal pollution problem,
Major pollutants are heavy metal cadmium, and wherein the maximum detection level of cadmium is 0.86mg/kg, and soil pollution area is 60 mu.Experiment is used
Crop varieties are paddy rice force fortune round-grained rice 31, physiochemical properties of soil such as table 3.
The basic physical and chemical of the soil of table 3
The passivator of the present invention is disposably applied Tanaka by fortnight prior to seeding, and pharmacy application amount is 250kg/
Mu, 300kg/ mus, 400kg/ mus.Control (CK) treatment group does not apply passivator, handles 3 repetitions, being determined after paddy rice is ripe can
Eat part heavy metal cadmium content.
1) influence of physiochemical properties of soil
Passivator of the present invention is a kind of reparation medicament with conditioning functions of meta-alkali, and it is used can have on acid soil
Imitate improved soil.Table 4 is that pH and fertility have a certain degree of rise in soil after different administration amount in testing, wherein to pH's
Influence is more obvious, can slow down the process of soil acidification, improves soil organic matter content.But between different administration amount to full nitrogen,
Available potassium influence difference is not notable.
Influence of the passivator different administration amount of table 4 to soil physico-chemical property
2) influence of the effective cadmium of soil and Cd concentration of brown rice
Different administration amount absorbs to paddy rice Cd certain iris action.Table 5 shows, Cd contents in control group paddy rice
It is current more than China《Pollutants in food is limited the quantity》(GB2762-2012) 0.1mg/kg standard, with the addition of passivator, has
The content of the effect reduction effective cadmium of soil, reduction paddy rice edible part Cd content.
Influence of the different administration amount of table 5 to the effective cadmium of soil and Cd concentration of brown rice
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator, it is characterised in that its component is in terms of parts by weight, including clay ore deposit
Thing material:25~30 parts of modified meerschaum, attapulgite modified 5~8 parts, 0.7~1.0 part of modified alta-mud, organic matter material:
20~25 parts of fermented organic waste, 8~12 parts of charcoal mixing material, 10~15 parts of tea stalks, precipitating reagent:Heavy metal precipitation
0.8~1.0 part of agent, fertilizer class:15~20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate.
2. a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator, it is characterised in that preparation process is as follows：
The first step：Raw material processing, first by modified meerschaum, attapulgite modified, modified alta-mud and heavy metal precipitator mistake
The mesh sieve of 200 mesh~300, fermented organic waste, charcoal compound, tea stalks cross 100 mesh sieves, and calcium magnesium phosphate crosses 80 mesh sieves
Net；
Second step：Material mix, each material is weighed by the mass fraction, send into mixer in carry out above and below, left and right, it is interior
Equably stir, be sufficiently mixed so that material reaches outside；
3rd step：The material for accounting for mixed material gross weight 30~40%, is first delivered in granulating disc and carries out by rotary table granulation
Granulation, the rotating disk pitch angle control of comminutor is at 40 °~50 °, and comminutor rotating speed should gradually be accelerated, the control of last rotating speed 55~
60r/min, intermittently sprays moisture；Allow material 8~10min of rotation in rotating disk, make the material turning formation ball of surface wettability,
Leftover materials are continuously added to again, ball is gradually grown up, and whole granulation time control is in 18~20min；
4th step：Particle is dried, and the material granulated is directly dried or is transported in 70~80 DEG C of dryer and dried, makes thing
Expect moisture≤3.0%；
5th step：Finished product is sieved, and the material after drying is transported into screen cloth and sieved, and finally makes finished product grain size control 1.0
~3.0mm, that is, be prepared into described environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator.
3. a kind of application method of environment-friendly type farmland soil heavy metals passivator, it is characterised in that every mu of administration passivator 250
~300kg, directly addition are by way of broadcasting sowing, and with reference to ploughing a field, site preparation is applied, and soil moisture content is 20%~30%.
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| CN107815318A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-20 | 煜环环境科技有限公司 | A kind of passivator preparation method for heavy metals in farmland pollution control |
| CN108160688A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-15 | 佛山市中环环境检测中心 | The method of five step elution method remediating heavy metal soil |
| CN108440207A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-08-24 | 辽宁大学 | A kind of composite soil conditioner and preparation method thereof suitable for Coal Mine soil |
| CN108949188A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-07 | 佛山皖阳生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of antibacterial passivator |
| CN109021979A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-18 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of soil heavy metal combined pollution improvement granular recipe |
| CN109824426A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-31 | 兰州大学 | A kind of slow release fertilizer improving heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN109824427A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-31 | 兰州大学 | A kind of Slow-release organic fertilizer improving heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN110016350A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-16 | 深圳润康生态环境股份有限公司 | Arable land heavy-metal contaminated soil preparation for repairing and preparation method thereof |
| CN111171830A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-05-19 | 浙江慧丰环保科技有限公司 | Passivator for soil heavy metal pollution treatment and preparation method thereof |
| CN112441857A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-03-05 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Passivating agent for heavy metal chromium pollution of paddy fields in south China and preparation method thereof |
| CN112479773A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-03-12 | 天津华勘环保科技有限公司 | Compound passivator suitable for heavy metal compound contaminated soil and use method thereof |
| CN113632614A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-12 | 金华生物质产业科技研究院 | Preparation and application methods of compound heavy metal contaminated soil remediation material |
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