CN1072874A

CN1072874A - Long taper hole three sword boring (mill) cutting method and the devices thereof of high accuracy

Info

Publication number: CN1072874A
Application number: CN 91111233
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐文元
Original assignee: State-Run No526 Factory
Current assignee: State-Run No526 Factory
Priority date: 1991-12-02
Filing date: 1991-12-02
Publication date: 1993-06-09
Anticipated expiration: 2006-12-02
Also published as: CN1027578C

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of long taper hole three sword boring (mill) cutting method and devices thereof.By the reasonable combination and the motion of parts such as two lathes of connecting, three sword boring bars and special tooling, reach the purpose of using the long taper hole workpiece of machine tool machining high-precision.Method of the present invention and device thereof compare with known method and device thereof have novel structure, with low cost, operation is simple and easy, machining accuracy is high and can realize advantages such as boring mill is integrated.

Description

Long taper hole three sword boring (mill) cutting method and the devices thereof of high accuracy

In the machine-building, the draw ratio of metal cutting workpiece surpass 20 be farm labourer's part.Processing farm labourer part difficulty is bigger, and the workpiece difficulty of the long taper hole of machining high-precision is bigger.Its maximum difficult point is that cutter installing space and knife bar rigidity are difficult to reach workpiece size and required precision.

The long taper hole processing method of known high accuracy is the differential boring bar boring of a single-blade method, and comparatively typical method is the taper reamer ream method of Germany WEBER company and the special purpose machine tool processing method of Austrian CIN CIN NATI MILACRON company.The former not only workpiece size be restricted, workpiece accuracy also is difficult to reach higher level.The latter's shortcoming is that machine tool structure complexity, investment cost are too high, operation easier is also bigger.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of machine tool, small investment, easy and simple to handle and can make cutter installing space and knife bar rigidity reach long taper hole three sword boring (mill) cutting method and the devices thereof of high accuracy of workpiece size and required precision used.

The present invention realizes by following operation.

1. will be with the processing method of spiral bit on horizontal boring machine with step feed, the workpiece 14 by figure is drilled with the ring hole is fixed on the special tooling 12, and makes workpiece machining hole axis consistent with the main shaft of series connection two lathe A, B;

2. on the tool rest 2 of boring bar 6, install and adjust three sword cutting tool for boring 1, workpiece ring hole is led to boring, the speed of mainshaft of lathe A, B is consistent with the rotating speed of boring bar 6 at this moment, and feed is then controlled by the feed polished rod of lathe A;

3. change and adjust three sword cutting tool for boring 1, the long taper hole of workpiece 14 is carried out right boring;

4. on the tool rest 2 of boring bar 6, hone stone is installed, is replaced three sword boring cutters, and change cooling fluid, workpiece 14 is carried out honing, honing reciprocating action is then finished along action by the long filament bar of lathe A.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is explained.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure principle chart of apparatus of the present invention.Two series connection lathe As, the B of main shaft on same straight line undertakes the boring (mill) of workpiece 14 respectively and cuts the controlled motion of axial feed and cutter rotation.

Undertake on the lathe A of axial feed control, a push-and-pull major axis 5 is housed, the one end rotates with the square tool post of this lathe and connects, and the other end then passes the main spindle box of lathe B and the center of push-plate 4 links.Then be equipped with three on the push-plate 4 and walk knife bar 3, one end and push-plate 4 link, and then need installing boring cutter 1 or hone stone by processing on the tool rest 2 of the other end.The slip crate of mobile lathe A gets final product feed or withdrawing carries out machining to workpiece 14.

Undertake on the spindle chuck of the lathe B that drives the cutter rotation, single-revolution long sleeve 9 is housed, fastening connection one taper boring bar 6 in the tube 9 has three dovetail grooves dividing equally along circumference on the bar 6.Walk i.e. advance and retreat and the revolution in this three-flute of knife bar 3.The preceding supporting 8 of big end of boring bar 6 is equipped with in long sleeve 9 rear ends, and the small end of boring bar 6 is equipped with back supporting 7, with the rotating accuracy that guarantees that boring (mill) is cut.

Lathe B goes up also has a special tooling 12, and its table top 13 is loaded on the middle carriage and tailstock base plate of lathe B.The bottom of the base 18 of frock 12 has the corresponding to guide groove 19 of long taper hole center line vertical projecting line of two center lines and workpiece 14, in the middle of the table top 13 the corresponding to sliver 20 of a center line and machine tool chief axis line vertical projecting line is arranged then, and frock 12 is high consistent to the height of table top 13 with workpiece centre to the center of table top 13.

Be about to be positioned on the sliver 20 of frock table top 13 with the corresponding guide groove in first hole of workpiece 14 when the first long taper hole of cutting workpiece 14, cut, this is the half angle parameter cutting of first hole.When the second long taper hole of cutting workpiece 14, earlier first taper hole is blocked, will be put on the sliver 20 with the corresponding guide groove in second hole again, cut.This intersect the technical parameter of plug tap axially bored line angle, that is the guide groove angle has been duplicated to the long taper hole axis of workpiece.Analogizing of three four holes, hole.

Accompanying drawing 2 is special tooling structure principle chart of the present invention.Workpiece 14 is linked with bolt 17 and angle base 18 by preceding V-block 15 and back V-block 16 respectively.Base 18 then matches with sliver 20 on the frock table top 13 with its bottom guide groove 19.

Accompanying drawing 3 is a characteristic element schematic diagram of the present invention.Its key element is three swords, dislocation, layering and four key elements such as synchronous.

Three swords promptly three are installed in adjustable boring tool in the dovetail groove of boring bar 6 on the tool rest 2 by 120 ° of circumference in equal parts, according to three-point circle heart principle, boring bar 6 is bordering on when rotary cutting and only bears axial torsion stress and keep a center not have radial deflection, so its bending stiffness obviously improves, thereby guarantee the linearity of long taper hole and the machining accuracy of circularity;

Dislocation promptly three blades cross section not at grade, and by the stagger distance of L1 and L2 of axial feed aspect, to guarantee the continuous boring of axial feed.This distance L 1 and the L2 boring bar bending that minimum event causes thus to the ratio of boring bar length overall can be given and ignoring.

The layering i.e. three blade boring radius of gyration does not wait, that is R1＜R2＜R3 and make bite t1 ≈ t2 ≈ t3, so that three sword radial cutting force approximately equals guarantee that boring bar produces the effect of self centering, thereby reach the requirement of layered cutting workpiece in proper order;

Promptly three swords are realized axial feed action synchronously synchronously, to protect the unanimity of three sword feed centripetal forces, three swords are cut continuously.

Accompanying drawing 4 is that the circular cone twin-screw of CM80 plastic extruder is extruded tube for workpiece of the present invention.1820 millimeters of this total lengths, it is φ 144.13 that its 8 font intersects the big footpath of two conical bores, and path is φ 80.4, and its roughness is 0.4, belongs to high accuracy and intersects long taper hole workpiece.

In the embodiment of the invention 1, used lathe A is CA6140 * 2000 lathes, lathe B is CW61100 * 5000 lathes, workpiece is that the circular cone twin-screw of the CM80 plastic extruder that produced of Austrian Cin Cin Nati Milacron company is extruded tube, it is 2 ° 20 that its 8 font intersects two conical bore axis angles ", boring bar 6 is a spear-point drill shape boring bar.

In the embodiment of the invention 2, boring bar 6 is three sword cylinder boring bars, and workpiece 14 is the tube of extruding of the open parallel plastic extruder of bicylindrical that is produced of Germany Reifenhauser.All the other are with embodiment 1.

The present invention compares with the differential boring bar boring of known single-blade, have boring bar rigidity height, tool rest take up space little, cutter structure is novel, Workpiece Machining Accuracy is high and can realize the advantages such as the boring mill is integrated, its machining accuracy can reach 1～2 grade.

The present invention compares with the special purpose machine tool method with known ream method, has available machine tool, equipment investment is few, operation is simple and easy and the Cutting tool installation manner space is little, the Workpiece Machining Accuracy advantages of higher. Its equipment investment is 1/7th of imported unit only, and the workpiece processing cost is about 1/5th of imported unit, namely makes an appointment with to reduce cost 4/5ths.

Claims

1, long taper hole three sword boring (mill) cutting methods of a kind of high accuracy, it is characterized by three swords, dislocation, layering and synchronous, specifically, three swords promptly three are installed in boring cutter (or abrasive stick) on the dovetail groove tool rest 2 of boring bar 6 by 120 ° of circumference in equal parts, according to the principle of the three-point circle heart, in cutting movement, remain a center; Dislocation promptly three swords cross section not at grade, and by the stagger distance of L1 and L2 of axial machining direction, to protect the continuous cutting of axial feed; The layering i.e. three sword boring radius of gyration does not wait, that is R1＜R2＜R3 and bite is equated, i.e. t1 ≈ t2 ≈ t3, the three sword radial cutting force approximately equals to reach three sword layered cuttings; Promptly three swords are realized axial feed action synchronously synchronously, to protect the unanimity of three sword feed centripetal forces; Concrete operation is:

1) will be fixed on the frock 12 at the workpiece 14 that is drilled with the ring hole by figure with the processing method of spiral bit step feed on the horizontal boring machine;

2) on the tool rest 2 of boring bar 6, install and adjust boring cutter 1, the ring hole of workpiece 14 is led to boring;

3) change, adjust three sword boring cutters 1, workpiece 14 is carried out right boring;

4) on the tool rest 2 of boring bar 6, install, adjust hone stone and replace boring cutter 1, and change cutting fluid, workpiece 14 is carried out honing.

2, long taper hole three sword boring (mill) turning devices of a kind of high accuracy, by lathe A, lathe B, cutlery 1, tool rest 2, walk knife bar 3, push-plate 4, push-and-pull major axis 5, taper boring bar 6, boring bar supporting 7,8, revolution sleeve 9, special tooling 12, frock table top 13, V-block 15,16, bolt 17, angle base 18, parts such as guide groove 19 and sliver 20 are formed, it is characterized in that this device is by common two lathe A, B is in series, and two lathes are undertaken the feed of workpiece 14 and the motion control of cutter 1 rotation respectively, have three dovetail grooves along the circumference five equilibrium on the boring bar 6, tool rest 2 is equipped with three borings (mill) cutter 1, can carry out high-accuracy boring (mill) processing to long taper hole workpiece 14, and special tooling 12 and table top 13 thereof match with guide groove 19 and sliver 20 mutually, can protect the physical dimension requirement that reaches workpiece 14.

3, according to the described device of claim 2, the special tooling 12 that it is characterized in that this device is by V-block 15,16, and bolt 17 and angle base 18 are formed.