CN107246352B - Seawater wave energy desalination system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a seawater wave energy desalination system, which comprises two orthogonal float groups, a crank link structure, seawater desalination, compressed air energy storage and a water vapor storage unit; the two orthogonal float groups capture wave energy in all directions according to the wave direction, an electromagnetic clutch, a bevel gear and a traction gear cooperatively couple the two float groups to capture energy, and the crank link structure converts the rotational motion of the traction gear into the up and down movement of the desalination piston and the compression piston. Ensure constant pressure conversion of seawater desalination. The waste pressure energy of concentrated brine is converted into high-pressure gas internal energy through the downward movement of the compression piston; the water-gas storage unit stores fresh water and compressed air, adjusts the air pressure of the central floating ball, and improves the compression energy storage efficiency; the invention greatly improves the wave energy conversion efficiency, reverse osmosis membrane desalination efficiency and service life, and will definitely promote the real practical application of wave energy seawater desalination.

Description

Seawater wave energy desalination system

technical field

The invention discloses a seawater wave energy desalination system, which is a desalination system that is applied to vast oceans, areas lacking electric energy and fresh water, and utilizes ocean wave energy and compressed air to realize reverse osmosis membrane desalination of seawater.

Background technique

With the world's energy crisis and the gradual development of offshore resources, the development of pelagic fish and deep-sea oil resources has attracted increasing attention from all countries. my country has successively issued the "Belt and Road" and the "National Marine Economic Planning and Development Outline", aiming to accelerate the development and utilization of my country's pelagic resources. However, the lack of fresh water at sea and the difficulty of power supply have greatly restricted the development and utilization of offshore resources. Seawater wave energy, as an emerging clean energy, has a large capacity and is naturally coupled with seawater desalination. It has become an important research direction for researchers all over the world.

At present, seawater desalination mainly adopts the reverse osmosis membrane desalination process, which uses electric energy to drive the water pump to complete the constant water supply pressure of the desalination membrane to improve the efficiency of seawater desalination and the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane. However, seawater desalination is a high energy-consuming industry, and traditional power supply will definitely aggravate environmental pollution and energy crisis. At the same time, the efficiency and service life of reverse osmosis membrane seawater desalination are closely related to the desalination pressure, but the intermittency and volatility of wave energy can easily lead to changes in membrane desalination pressure, which seriously affects its service life. Energy storage is an effective way to effectively solve fluctuating power. However, commonly used energy storage methods such as batteries and hydraulic pressure can easily lead to environmental pollution. Compressed air energy storage is a new type of energy storage that is strictly pollution-free. How to couple with wave energy and seawater desalination energy to improve wave energy utilization and seawater desalination efficiency is a key issue that must be solved.

Contents of the invention

The technical task of the present invention is to propose a novel seawater wave energy desalination system aimed at the above-mentioned technical deficiencies.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: the seawater wave energy desalination system includes two orthogonal float groups, a crank linkage structure, seawater desalination, compressed air energy storage and water vapor storage unit. The two orthogonal float groups capture wave energy in all directions according to the wave direction, and drive the desalination piston to move up and down through the crank-link structure to complete seawater intake, seawater desalination, and discharge of fresh water and high-pressure concentrated brine. Compressed air energy storage stabilizes wave energy fluctuations and intermittent problems, ensures constant pressure and efficient conversion of seawater desalination, and improves desalination efficiency and service life of reverse osmosis membranes.

The two orthogonal float groups are two sets of catch device I and catch device II set up orthogonally. The catch device includes two cylindrical floats, float linkage, pitch center shaft, pitch gear, bevel gear I, horizontal coupling and direction adjustment structure. Under the joint action of ocean buoyancy and turbulent force, the cylindrical buoy moves up and down to capture wave energy, drives the buoy linkage to perform pitching motion, and is converted into horizontal coupling rotation by the pitching central axis, pitching gear and bevel gear I. The horizontal coupling rotation is mechanically coupled with the crank linkage structure through the steering structure, and drives the desalination piston to complete seawater desalination. The direction adjustment structure includes a bevel gear II with an embedded electromagnetic clutch II and a traction gear with an embedded electromagnetic clutch I. The bevel gear II is coupled with the horizontal coupling of the capture device I through the electromagnetic clutch II, and transmits the energy captured by the capture device I to the traction gear; The upper end of the link structure is rigidly connected with the traction gear, and the lower part is rigidly connected with the desalination piston through the constraining bearing, so as to complete the transformation from the rotation motion of the traction gear to the up and down motion of the desalination piston.

Seawater desalination includes a desalination piston, a fresh water chamber and a desalination chamber. The desalination piston is a cylindrical piston embedded with a reverse osmosis membrane, which separates fresh water and concentrated brine under the push of a crank link. A plurality of hollow cylindrical desalination channels are arranged longitudinally to send fresh water into the fresh water chamber. Water storage room for storage. The desalination chamber is the main place for seawater desalination, which is composed of a desalination piston, an inner wall of the desalination chamber, a seawater inlet channel and a desalination chamber bottom plate. The desalination piston is jointly operated by a crank linkage and compressed air energy storage to complete seawater intake, seawater desalination and freshwater discharge; the seawater inlet channel is a circular columnar structure, embedded with a circular columnar air inlet and outlet channel. The disc-type fixed end plate in the air inlet and outlet channels is used to support the quality of desalinated seawater and the desalination pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane; the bottom plate of the desalination chamber is equipped with a disc-type end cover, which is controlled by an electromagnet embedded in the end plate, and is used to switch the circular concentrated brine discharge channel I.

Compressed air energy storage includes air inlet and outlet passages, compression pistons, compression chambers, expansion chambers and center floats. The air inlet and outlet channel is a circular columnar structure, which is arranged outside the movement channel of the two piston linkages. The upper end is connected to the atmosphere, and the lower end is connected to the compression chamber through the air inlet and outlet valve I to control the inhalation gas flow; the compression piston is a flat cylindrical piston resistant to salt corrosion, which is rigidly connected to the desalination piston. The desalination pressure is constant; the compression chamber is composed of the compression piston, the inner wall of the compression chamber and the bottom plate of the compression chamber. The compression piston moves down to convert excess wave energy into gas internal energy, and the air pressure gradually increases until it exceeds the air pressure of the central floating ball. The one-way valve I opens and the compressed air is stored in the central floating ball. constant, the seawater desalination is completed, and the high-pressure concentrated brine enters the expansion chamber through the bottom plate of the desalination chamber, which helps the compression piston to move down and further compresses the air to store energy; the central floating ball is used to store compressed air, and at the same time provide buoyancy support for the seawater desalination equipment to ensure the stability of the horizontal reference of the wave energy capture device.

The water vapor storage unit includes a pressurized air storage chamber, a fresh water storage chamber and photovoltaic cells. The compressed gas storage chamber is fixed below the fresh water storage chamber, stores compressed gas, and provides buoyancy support for the fresh water storage chamber. The compressed gas channel is connected to the central floating ball. The compressed gas channel is provided with a vortex machine with two-way flow of gas, which is used to control the air pressure of the central floating ball, effectively improving the energy storage efficiency of compressed air. The fresh water storage room is located on the upper side of the pressure storage room, supported by the buoyancy provided by the pressure storage room, and connected to the fresh water cavity through the fresh water channel and the fresh water discharge valve. The fresh water channel is provided with a one-way valve II; the upper side of the fresh water storage room is provided with a DC pump, which is responsible for extracting fresh water for users such as ocean-going ships. The photovoltaic cell is arranged on the upper end of the fresh water storage room, and a lithium iron phosphate battery is installed inside to provide power support for the solenoid valve, electromagnet, electromagnetic clutch, DC pump and scroll machine of the seawater wave energy desalination system.

The beneficial effects brought by the present invention are:

1) The integrated design of reverse osmosis membrane seawater desalination and wave energy capture, the integration of seawater suction and freshwater discharge, the introduction of a self-suction mechanism based on seawater potential energy, saves the use of pumps, an important energy-consuming equipment for traditional seawater desalination, and greatly reduces the power consumption of seawater desalination.

2) The porous desalination piston with built-in reverse osmosis membrane moves down to realize the automatic separation of concentrated brine and fresh water, which greatly simplifies the seawater desalination process; especially for the discharge mechanism of concentrated brine wastewater, the waste pressure of concentrated brine can boost air compression, providing a new energy recovery method for high-pressure concentrated brine, which greatly improves the efficiency of desalination of seawater and the efficiency of wave energy utilization.

3) The integrated design of the desalination piston and the compression piston can dynamically control the gas pressure in the expansion chamber and the compression chamber, effectively smoothing the impact of wave energy fluctuations and intermittent problems on the membrane desalination performance, and greatly improving the desalination efficiency of seawater and the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane.

4) The present invention has the advantages of compact structure, mobility, easy maintenance, strong resistance to sea wave impact, high seawater desalination efficiency and stable fresh water supply, and will greatly promote the practical application of seawater wave energy desalination systems.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 Structural diagram of seawater wave energy desalination system.

Fig. 2 Top view of two orthogonal float groups.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of two orthogonal float groups and a crank link structure.

Figure 4. Structural diagram of the desalination piston.

Figure 5 Sectional view of the bottom plate of the desalination chamber.

Figure 6 is a sectional view of the seawater inlet channel and the atmosphere inlet and outlet channel.

Fig. 7 Flow chart of multiple mode selection of desalination system.

Explanation of symbols in the figure: 1. Seawater inlet valve Ⅰ, 2. Seawater inlet valve Ⅱ, 3. Electromagnet, 4. Concentrated salt water discharge valve Ⅰ, 5. Concentrated brine discharge valve Ⅱ, 6. Electromagnetic flow valve Ⅱ, 7. Atmospheric inlet and outlet valve Ⅰ, 8. Electromagnetic flow valve Ⅰ, 9. Atmospheric inlet and outlet valve Ⅱ, 10. One-way valve Ⅰ, 11. Desalination piston, 12. Compression piston, 13. Fresh water chamber, 14. Desalination chamber, 15. Expansion chamber, 16. Compression chamber, 17. Curve Handle link structure, 18. Photovoltaic cell, 19. Protective cover, 20. Fresh water discharge valve, 21. Cylindrical float, 22. Center floating ball, 23. Fixed ground anchor, 24. Pressure storage chamber, 25. Fresh water storage chamber, 26. DC pump, 27. Disc type end cover, 28. One-way valve II, 29. Vortex machine, 30. Float linkage, 31. Pitching axis, 32. Pitching gear, 33. Conical Gear Ⅰ, 34. Bevel gear Ⅱ, 35. Horizontal coupling, 36. Fresh water channel, 37. Traction gear, 38. Constrained bearing, 39. Electromagnetic clutch Ⅰ, 40. Electromagnetic clutch Ⅱ, 41. Desalination channel, 42. Reverse osmosis membrane, 43. Air inlet and outlet channel, 44. Seawater inlet channel, 45. Concentrated brine discharge channel Ⅰ, 46. Desalination chamber bottom plate, 47. Concentrated brine discharge channel II, 48. Compression chamber bottom plate, 49. Compressed gas channel, 5 0. Piston linkage movement channel; A-A'. Desalination chamber bottom plate section, B-B'. Seawater inlet channel and atmosphere inlet and outlet channel section.

Variable description: H sea wave height, h _min start wave height, P _w. wave energy capture power, P _d desalination power, P _e expansion power, P _c . compression power.

Note: When H<h _min, the wave contains less energy and has no capture value.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and examples.

The seawater wave energy desalination system announced by the present invention (as shown in Figure 1) includes two orthogonal float groups (comprising cylindrical float 21, float linkage 30, pitching center shaft 31, pitch gear 32, bevel gear I33, horizontal coupling shaft 35, bevel gear II34, electromagnetic clutch I39, electromagnetic clutch II40, traction gear 37), crank link structure 17, seawater desalination (desalination piston 11, freshwater chamber 13, desalination chamber 14, seawater entering Valve Ⅰ1, seawater inlet valve Ⅱ2, seawater inlet channel 44, desalination channel 41, reverse osmosis membrane 42, fresh water outlet valve 20, electromagnet 3, disc-type end cover 27, concentrated brine outlet channel I45), compressed air energy storage (compression piston 12, compression chamber 16, expansion chamber 15, center float 22, air inlet and outlet valve I7, air inlet and outlet valve II9, atmosphere inlet and outlet channel 43, one-way valve I10, electromagnetic flow valve I8, electromagnetic flow valve II6), Water and gas storage unit (pressurized gas storage chamber 24, scroll machine 29, compressed gas passage 49, fresh water storage chamber 25, check valve II 28, fresh water passage 36, DC water pump 26, photovoltaic cell 18).

The cylindrical float 21 in the two orthogonal float groups moves up and down to capture the wave energy under the joint action of the buoyancy of the sea waves and the turbulent force, and drives the float link 30 to pitch, through the pitch center shaft 31, the pitch gear 32 and the bevel gear I33, the pitch motion is converted into the rotation motion of the horizontal coupling shaft 35; the rotation motion of the horizontal coupling shaft 35 is converted into the rotation motion of the traction gear 37 through the bevel gear II34, the electromagnetic clutch I39 and the electromagnetic clutch II40. The upper end of the crank link structure 17 is rigidly connected to the traction gear 37, and the lower part is rigidly connected to the desalination piston 11 through the restraining bearing 38, which converts the rotation motion of the traction gear 37 into the up and down motion of the desalination piston 11, driving seawater desalination.

The seawater desalination is moved up and down by the desalination piston 11 to complete seawater inhalation, seawater desalination and freshwater discharge. External seawater enters the desalination chamber 14 through the seawater inlet valve I1, seawater inlet valve II2 and seawater inlet channel 44, and pushes the desalination piston 11 to move upward; under the desalination pressure, the seawater in the desalination chamber 14 is desalinated into fresh water through the desalination channel 41 and the reverse osmosis membrane 42, enters the fresh water chamber 13, and is discharged through the fresh water discharge valve 20 with the upward movement of the desalination piston 11; Next, the concentrated brine is discharged into the expansion chamber 15 through the concentrated brine discharge channel I45, and the compression piston 12 is pushed down until the compression piston 12 moves down to the bottom plate 48 of the compression chamber.

The compressed air energy storage is completed by the up and down movement of the compression piston 12, which completes the compression energy storage and expansion boost, stabilizes the fluctuating power of waves, and ensures constant pressure desalination of seawater. The external air enters the compression chamber 16 through the air inlet and outlet valve I7 and the air inlet and outlet channel 43, and as the compression piston 12 moves down, the excess wave energy is stored in the form of compressed air. As the pressure of the compressed gas rises, the one-way valve I10 opens, and the high-pressure gas is stored in the center float 22; the high-pressure gas in the center float 22 enters the compression chamber 16 and the expansion chamber 15 through the electromagnetic flow valve I8 and the electromagnetic flow valve II6 respectively. The movement of the desalination piston 11 ensures constant air pressure in the desalination chamber 14 .

The water vapor storage unit is used to store fresh water and compressed air, and the compressed air provides buoyancy support for the fresh water. The pressure storage chamber 24 communicates with the central floating ball 22 through the vortex machine 29 and the compressed gas passage 49. The vortex machine 29 is used to regulate the air pressure in the central floating ball 22 to ensure that the compression energy storage and expansion release energy have no over-compression and expansion loss; Electromagnetic clutch, DC water pump and scroll machine provide power support.

The intermittency and volatility of waves can easily lead to pressure fluctuations in seawater desalination, which seriously affects the efficiency of seawater desalination and the service life of the membrane. To control the energy storage state of compressed air and stabilize the impact of fluctuating power _on seawater desalination pressure, the system has four operating modes: wave seawater desalination, wave compression seawater desalination, wave expansion seawater desalination, and water pressure _expansion seawater _{desalination .}

When P _w =P _d , the system operates in the independent wave seawater desalination mode;

When P _w >P _d , adjust the compression power P _c , the excess power of the wave energy is stored in the form of compressed air, so that P _w -P _c =P _d , the system operates in the wave compression seawater desalination mode;

When P _w < P _d , adjust the expansion power P _e so that P _w + P _e = P _d , the wave energy balance power is supplemented by high-pressure gas expansion, and the system operates in wave expansion seawater desalination;

When H<h _min , the energy contained in the wave is small, and the energy required for seawater desalination is completely provided by compressed air energy storage, and the system operates under water pressure expansion for seawater desalination.

1. Independent wave seawater desalination

When the sea conditions are good, the wave energy captured by the system basically meets the requirements of seawater desalination. The cylindrical float 21 is mainly used for seawater suction, atmospheric suction and freshwater discharge when it is raised up; it is mainly used for seawater desalination, concentrated brine waste pressure utilization and discharge when it is lowered.

The cylindrical buoy 21 rises up under the action of waves, and the wave mechanical energy, water potential energy and atmospheric kinetic energy jointly drive the desalination piston 11 and the compression piston 12 to move upward. Under the action of water potential energy, seawater enters the desalination chamber 14 through the seawater inlet valve I1 and seawater inlet valve II2, and the outside air enters the compression chamber 16 through the atmosphere inlet and outlet valve I7. The fresh water in the freshwater chamber 14 moves up with the desalination piston 11 and is gradually discharged through the freshwater discharge valve 20. When the desalination piston 11 moves up to the top of the freshwater chamber 13, the seawater inlet valve I1, seawater inlet valve II2 and freshwater outlet valve 20 are closed. Cylinder float 21 raises up to upper limit, raises up and ends.

The cylindrical buoy 21 sinks under the action of waves, and the mechanical energy of the waves drives the desalination piston 11 and the compression piston 12 to move down to desalinate seawater. Seawater sends fresh water into the freshwater chamber 13 through the desalination channel 41 embedded in the desalination piston 11 and the reverse osmosis membrane 42. As the desalination piston 12 gradually moves down to the desalination lower limit position, seawater desalination is completed. At this time, the electromagnet 3 is activated, the disc-shaped end cover 27 moves up, and the high-pressure concentrated brine remaining in the desalination chamber 13 automatically enters the expansion chamber 15 through the concentrated brine discharge channel I45. Ⅱ9 is closed, and the compression piston 12 starts to compress the gas under the joint action of the wave mechanical energy and the concentrated brine waste pressure energy. As the pressure of the compressed gas rises, the high-pressure gas enters the central floating ball 22 through the one-way valve Ⅰ10 for storage, and the compression piston 12 moves down to the bottom of the compression chamber 16. Dive down to the lower limit, and the dive ends.

2. Wave compression seawater desalination

When the waves are large and the wave energy captured by the system exceeds the energy required for seawater desalination, the excess energy is stored in the central floating ball 22 in the form of compressed air. The cylindrical float 21 is mainly used for seawater and air intake and fresh water discharge when it is raised up; it is mainly used for desalination of seawater, waste pressure utilization of concentrated brine, discharge of concentrated brine and compressed air energy storage when it is lowered.

The cylindrical buoy 21 rises up under the action of waves, and the wave mechanical energy, water potential energy and atmospheric kinetic energy jointly drive the desalination piston 11 and the compression piston 12 to move upward. Under the action of water potential energy, seawater enters the desalination chamber 14 through the seawater inlet valve I1 and seawater inlet valve II2, and the outside air enters the compression chamber 16 through the atmosphere inlet and outlet valve I7. The fresh water in the freshwater chamber 13 moves up with the desalination piston 11 and is gradually discharged through the freshwater discharge valve 20. When the desalination piston 11 moves up to the top of the freshwater chamber 13, the seawater inlet valve I1, seawater inlet valve II2, atmosphere inlet and outlet valve I7, atmosphere inlet valve II9 and freshwater outlet valve 20 are closed. Cylinder float 21 raises up to upper limit, raises up and ends.

The cylindrical buoy 21 sinks under the action of waves, the mechanical energy of the waves drives the desalination piston 11 and the compression piston 12 to move down, and the excess wave energy is stored in the form of compressed air to absorb excess power to ensure constant desalination pressure. Seawater passes through the desalination channel 41 embedded in the desalination piston 11 and the reverse osmosis membrane 42, and sends fresh water into the fresh water chamber 13; as the desalination piston 12 gradually moves down to the lower limit position of desalination, seawater desalination is completed, at this time the electromagnet 3 is turned on, the disc-type end cover 27 moves up, and the high-pressure concentrated brine remaining in the desalination chamber 14 automatically enters the expansion chamber 15 through the concentrated brine discharge channel I45, and the compression piston 12 compresses the gas under the combined action of wave mechanical energy and waste pressure energy of the concentrated brine. It rises gradually and is stored in the central floating ball 22 through the one-way valve I10. The compression piston 12 finally moves down to the bottom of the compression chamber 16. Under the action of its own waste pressure, the concentrated brine is discharged through the concentrated brine discharge valve I4, the concentrated brine discharge channel II47 and the concentrated brine discharge valve II5. When the cylindrical float 21 descends to the lower limit, the descent ends.

3. Sea water desalination by wave expansion

When the wave is small and the wave energy captured by the system is lower than the energy required for seawater desalination, the insufficient energy is supplemented by the high-pressure gas in the central floating ball 22 and the expansion assist. The cylindrical float 21 is mainly used for seawater and air intake, fresh water discharge and expansion gas discharge when it is raised up, and seawater desalination, expansion boosting, and waste pressure utilization and discharge of concentrated brine are mainly performed when it is lowered.

The cylindrical buoy 21 rises up under the action of the waves, and the mechanical energy of the waves, the potential energy of the water and the kinetic energy entering the atmosphere jointly drive the desalination piston 11 and the compression piston 12 to move upward. Under the action of water potential energy, seawater enters desalination chamber 14 through seawater inlet valve I1 and seawater inlet valve II2, and external air enters compression chamber 16 through atmosphere inlet and outlet valve I7. The valve II2 and the fresh water discharge valve 20 are closed, and the cylinder float 21 lifts up to the upper limit, and the lift ends.

The cylindrical buoy 21 sinks under the action of waves, and the mechanical energy of the waves and the expansion energy of the gas jointly drive the desalination piston 11 and the compression piston 12 to move down to desalinate seawater. The sea water is sent into the fresh water chamber 13 through the desalination channel 41 embedded in the desalination piston 11 and the reverse osmosis membrane 42. At the same time, the gas in the center floating ball 22 enters the expansion chamber 15 through the electromagnetic flow valve II6, and the expansion assists the piston to move downward. The inlet valve II9 is closed, the electromagnet 3 is opened, the disc-type end cover 27 moves upward, the high-pressure concentrated brine remaining in the desalination chamber 13 automatically enters the expansion chamber 15 through the concentrated brine discharge channel I45, and the compression piston 12 is under the joint action of the wave mechanical energy and the waste pressure energy of the concentrated brine, the pressure of the compressed gas rises, and enters the central floating ball 22 through the single-phase valve I10 for storage until the compression piston 12 moves down to the bottom of the compression chamber 16. Passage II47 and concentrated brine discharge valve II5 are discharged. Cylindrical float 21 descends to the lower limit, and descends to the end.

4. Water pressure expansion seawater desalination

When the wave is extremely small and the wave energy has no capture value, the energy required for the upward movement of the piston 11 is provided jointly by water potential energy, atmospheric kinetic energy and gas expansion energy, and the energy required for the downward process is completely provided by the gas expansion energy. The upward movement of the piston is mainly for seawater suction, fresh water discharge, expansion boost and discharge of expansion gas, and the downward movement is mainly for seawater desalination, expansion boost and concentrated brine waste pressure utilization and discharge.

During the upward movement of the desalination piston, the water potential energy, the atmospheric entry kinetic energy and the expansion energy of the compressed gas jointly drive the desalination piston 11 and the compression piston 12 to move upward. Under the action of water potential energy, seawater enters the desalination chamber 14 through the seawater inlet valve I1 and seawater inlet valve II2, and the compressed gas in the center floating ball 22 enters the compression chamber 16 through the electromagnetic flow valve I8, and the expansion works to push the compression piston 12 and the desalination piston 11 to move upward. Move up to the top of the fresh water chamber 13, seawater inlet valve I1, seawater inlet valve II2, electromagnetic flow valve I8 and freshwater discharge valve 20 are closed, the desalination piston 11 moves up to the upper limit, and the upward movement ends.

During the downward movement of the desalination piston, the gas expansion can drive the desalination piston 11 and the compression piston 12 to move downward to desalinate seawater. The gas in the center float 22 enters the expansion chamber 15 through the electromagnetic flow valve II6, pushes the compression piston 12 to move down, and drives the desalination piston 11 to move down. Under the pressure of the desalination piston 11, the seawater passes through the desalination channel 41 embedded in the desalination piston 11 and the reverse osmosis membrane 42, and sends fresh water into the fresh water chamber 13. Completed, enter the waste pressure utilization stage of concentrated brine at this time, the air inlet and outlet valve I7 and the air inlet valve II9 are closed, at this time the electromagnet 3 is turned on, the disc-type end cover 27 moves up, the high-pressure concentrated brine remaining in the desalination chamber 13 automatically enters the expansion chamber 15 through the concentrated brine discharge channel I45, the gas in the compression chamber 16 is compressed under the action of the waste pressure energy of the brine, and the high-pressure gas enters the central floating ball 22 through the one-way valve I10 until the compression piston 12 moves down to the bottom of the compression chamber 16. Down through the concentrated brine discharge valve I4, the concentrated brine discharge channel II47 and the concentrated brine discharge valve II5, the desalination piston 11 moves down to the lower limit, and the downward movement ends.

Claims (1)

1. A seawater wave energy desalination system applied to vast oceans, its features include two orthogonal float groups, crank linkage structure, seawater desalination, compressed air energy storage and water vapor storage unit; two orthogonal float groups capture wave energy in all directions according to the wave direction, and drive the desalination piston to move up and down through the crank linkage structure, and with the cooperation of solenoid valves, seawater suction, seawater desalination, fresh water discharge, concentrated brine waste pressure utilization and discharge, and real-time regulation of the air pressure in the compression chamber and expansion chamber to stabilize wave energy fluctuation power , to ensure constant pressure and high-efficiency conversion of seawater desalination, and improve desalination efficiency and service life of reverse osmosis membrane; The two orthogonal float groups are two sets of orthogonally arranged capture device I and capture device II. The capture device includes two cylindrical floats, float linkage, pitching axis, pitching gear, bevel gear I, horizontal coupling and steering structure; the cylindrical float is a wave energy capturing unit, which moves up and down vertically to capture wave energy under the action of wave buoyancy and agitation force. The pitching gear and the bevel gear I act to convert the rotational motion of the horizontal coupling. The direction adjustment structure is coupled with the crank linkage structure through the electromagnetic clutch to drive the desalination piston to move up and down to desalinate and separate the seawater; the direction adjustment structure includes the bevel gear II and the traction gear. Shaped structure, mechanically coupled with the bevel gear II; the electromagnetic clutch changes the number of capture devices coupled with the traction gear according to the direction of the wave; the upper end of the crank link structure is rigidly connected with the traction gear, and the lower part is rigidly connected with the desalination piston through the constrained bearing to complete the conversion from the rotational motion of the traction gear to the up and down motion of the desalination piston, providing energy support for seawater desalination; The seawater desalination includes a desalination piston, a fresh water chamber and a desalination chamber. The desalination piston is a cylindrical piston embedded with a reverse osmosis membrane, which is pushed by a crank link to separate fresh water and concentrated brine. A plurality of hollow cylindrical desalination channels are arranged longitudinally to send fresh water into the fresh water chamber. The freshwater storage room is used for storage; the desalination chamber is a place for desalination of seawater, which is composed of a desalination piston, an inner wall of the desalination chamber, a seawater inlet channel and a bottom plate of the desalination chamber. The bottom plate of the chamber is a disc-type fixed end plate that is covered with the air inlet and outlet channels, and is used to support the weight of desalinated seawater and the desalination pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane. The bottom plate of the desalination chamber is equipped with a disc-type end cover, which is controlled by an electromagnet embedded in the end plate, and the concentrated brine discharge channel I is opened to discharge the high-pressure concentrated brine to the expansion chamber; The compressed air energy storage includes an air inlet and outlet channel, a compression piston, a compression chamber, an expansion chamber, and a central floating ball; the air inlet and outlet channel is a circular columnar structure, which is arranged outside the movement channel of the piston linkage, and its upper end is connected to the atmosphere, and its lower end is connected to the compression chamber through the air inlet and outlet valve I to control the flow of inhaled gas; The side is the compression chamber, which regulates the gas pressure of the expansion chamber and the compression chamber, and controls the desalination pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane to be constant; the compression chamber is composed of the compression piston, the inner wall of the compression chamber and the bottom plate of the compression chamber. , boosting the desalination piston to move down to ensure a constant desalination pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane. After seawater desalination is completed, the high-pressure concentrated brine enters the expansion chamber through the bottom plate of the desalination chamber, which pushes the compression piston to move down and further compresses the air to store energy; the central floating ball is used to store compressed air, and at the same time provide buoyancy support for the seawater desalination equipment to ensure the stability of the horizontal reference of the wave energy capture device; The water vapor storage unit includes a compressed air storage room, a fresh water storage room and a photovoltaic cell; the compressed air storage room is fixed on the lower side of the fresh water storage room, stores compressed gas, and provides buoyancy support for the fresh water storage room, and is connected to the central floating ball through the compressed gas channel, and a scroll machine with two-way flow of gas is arranged on the upper side of the compressed gas channel, which is used to regulate the air pressure of the central floating ball and effectively improve the energy storage efficiency of compressed air; The fresh water chambers are connected, and a one-way valve II is set on the fresh water channel; a DC pump is installed on the upper side of the fresh water storage room, which is responsible for extracting fresh water for ocean-going ship users; the photovoltaic cell is set on the upper end of the fresh water storage room, and a lithium iron phosphate battery is installed inside to provide power support for solenoid valves, electromagnets, electromagnetic clutches, DC pumps and scroll machines in the seawater desalination system; The seawater wave energy desalination system has four working modes: wave seawater desalination, wave compression seawater desalination, wave expansion seawater desalination and water pressure expansion seawater desalination: (1) Independent wave seawater desalination When waves can capture powerP _w= fade powerP _dWhen the system operates in the independent wave seawater desalination mode, the system captures wave energy to meet the seawater desalination requirements; the cylindrical float moves up under the action of waves, and the wave mechanical energy, water potential energy and atmospheric kinetic energy jointly drive the desalination piston and compression piston to move upward. When the piston moves up to the top of the freshwater chamber, the seawater inlet valve I, seawater inlet valve II and freshwater discharge valve are closed, and the cylinder float moves up to the upper limit, and the upturn ends; the cylinder float moves down under the action of waves, and the wave mechanical energy drives the desalination piston and the compression piston to move down to perform seawater desalination. The seawater sends fresh water into the freshwater chamber through the desalination channel embedded in the desalination piston and the reverse osmosis membrane. Moving up, the residual high-pressure concentrated brine in the desalination chamber will automatically enter the expansion chamber through the concentrated brine discharge channel I. At this time, the desalination of seawater is completed, and the system enters the waste pressure utilization stage of concentrated brine. Atmospheric inlet and outlet valves I and atmospheric inlet valve II are closed. The brine discharge valve II is discharged until all the concentrated brine is discharged, the concentrated brine discharge valve I and the concentrated brine discharge valve II are closed, the cylindrical float descends to the lower limit, and the descent ends; (2) Desalination of seawater by wave compression whenP _w>P _d, adjust the compression powerP _c, the excess power of the wave energy is stored in the form of compressed air, makingP _w-P _c=P _d, the system operates in the wave compression seawater desalination mode; the cylindrical float moves up under the action of waves, and the wave mechanical energy, water potential energy and atmospheric kinetic energy jointly drive the desalination piston and compression piston to move upward. Valve Ⅰ, seawater inlet valve Ⅱ, air inlet and outlet valve Ⅰ, air inlet valve Ⅱ and fresh water outlet valve are closed, and the cylindrical float moves upwards to the upper limit, and the upward movement ends; the cylindrical float moves downward under the action of waves, and the wave mechanical energy drives the desalination piston and the compression piston to move downward, and the excess wave energy is stored in the form of compressed air, and the excess power is absorbed to ensure a constant desalination pressure. Seawater desalination is completed. At this time, the electromagnet is turned on, and the disc-type end cover moves upward. The high-pressure concentrated brine remaining in the desalination chamber automatically enters the expansion chamber through the concentrated brine discharge channel I. The compression piston compresses the gas under the joint action of wave mechanical energy and the waste pressure energy of the concentrated brine. limit, the end of the descent; (3) Sea water desalination by wave expansion whenP _w<P _d, to regulate the expansion powerP _e,makeP _w+P _e=P _d, the differential power of wave energy is supplemented by the expansion of high-pressure gas, and the system operates in the seawater desalination of wave expansion; the cylindrical float is lifted up under the action of waves, and the mechanical energy of the wave, the water potential energy and the kinetic energy of the atmospheric entry jointly drive the desalination piston and the compression piston to move upward. Under the push of the compression piston, the internal compressed gas is discharged through the atmospheric inlet valve II, and when the desalination piston moves to the top of the freshwater chamber, the seawater inlet valve I, seawater inlet valve II and freshwater outlet valve are closed, and the cylinder float rises to the upper limit, and the uplift ends; the cylinder float is lowered under the action of waves, and the wave mechanical energy and gas expansion can jointly drive the desalination piston and the compression piston to move down to perform seawater desalination. The gas in the floating ball enters the expansion chamber through the electromagnetic flow valve II, and the expansion assists the piston to move down. The gas in the compression chamber is automatically discharged through the atmospheric inlet and outlet valve I and the atmospheric inlet valve II without hindrance. Under the joint action of the waste pressure energy, the pressure of the compressed gas increases, and enters the central floating ball through the single-phase valve I for storage until the compression piston moves down to the bottom of the compression chamber. Under the action of its own waste pressure, the concentrated brine is discharged through the concentrated brine discharge valve I, the concentrated brine discharge channel II and the concentrated brine discharge valve II. The cylindrical float descends to the lower limit, and the descent ends; (4) Water pressure expansion seawater desalination when the waves are highh< start wave heighth _minWhen the energy contained in the wave is small, the energy required for desalination of seawater is completely provided by compressed air energy storage, and the system operates under water pressure expansion for seawater desalination; during the upward movement of the desalination piston, the water potential energy, the kinetic energy of atmospheric entry and the expansion energy of the compressed gas jointly drive the desalination piston and compression piston to move upward. With the upward movement of the desalination piston, it is discharged through the fresh water discharge valve, and the gas in the expansion chamber is pushed by the compression piston, and is discharged through the atmosphere inlet valve II until the desalination piston moves up to the top of the fresh water chamber, and the sea water inlet valve I, sea water inlet valve II, electromagnetic flow valve I and fresh water discharge valve are closed, and the desalination piston moves up to the upper limit, and the upward movement ends; during the downward movement of the desalination piston, the gas expansion can drive the desalination piston and the compression piston to move down to desalinate seawater. The desalination piston moves down, and the seawater, under the pressure of the desalination piston, sends fresh water into the fresh water chamber through the desalination channel embedded in the desalination piston and the reverse osmosis membrane. The gas in the compression chamber is discharged freely through the atmosphere inlet and outlet valve I and the atmosphere inlet valve II without hindrance. The discharge channel Ⅰ automatically enters the expansion chamber, and the gas in the compression chamber is compressed under the action of the waste pressure energy of the concentrated brine. The high-pressure gas enters the center floating ball through the one-way valve Ⅰ until the compression piston moves down to the bottom of the compression chamber.