CN107168450A - A kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system and method - Google Patents
A kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107168450A CN107168450A CN201710449883.8A CN201710449883A CN107168450A CN 107168450 A CN107168450 A CN 107168450A CN 201710449883 A CN201710449883 A CN 201710449883A CN 107168450 A CN107168450 A CN 107168450A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the solar cell MPPT maximum power point tracking control technology field in photovoltaic system, more particularly to solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system and method.Solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system in the present invention, including PV arrays, voltage transformation module, voltage sensor, current sensor, MPPT control modules, pwm converter, combining inverter and AC network.Present invention also offers a kind of control method of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system, the problem of solving fixed step algorithm steady-state behaviour and conflicting dynamic property reduces system concussion, follows the trail of the time short.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar cell MPPT maximum power point tracking control technology field in photovoltaic system, more particularly to
It is a kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system and method.
Background technology
Energy availability and demand problem is increasingly severe, in order that earth environment is improved, people increasingly pay attention to new energy
The utilization of development and utilization, especially regenerative resource.Solar energy is as a kind of new green power, and photovoltaic generation is then current
One of principal mode using solar energy.The output characteristics of photovoltaic cell has compared with strong nonlinearity feature, and its power output is not
It is only relevant with photovoltaic cell bulk properties, also influenceed by external environmental condition (illumination, temperature), using maximum power point with
Track technology (Maximum power point track, MPPT) can effectively lift the energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic system.It is conventional
Open-circuit voltage Y-factor method Y and short circuit current flow Y-factor method Y in MPPT methods, control are simply easily achieved, but need periodically to disconnect
Or short-circuit photovoltaic cell, cause more power loss, and its operating point is not real maximum power point.Perturbation observation method is led to
Cross and disturbance is applied to the output voltage of photovoltaic panel, detect the change of power output to track peak power.Fixed step size is disturbed and seen
Method is examined, big step-length can lift tracking velocity, but nearby oscillation of power is big for maximum power point, and energy loss is serious；Small step-length can subtract
Few energy loss, improves stable state accuracy, but can reduce tracking velocity.Conductance increment method is by comparing the conductance increment of photovoltaic cell
Change the control signal of system with moment conductance.In addition, there are the MPPT methods based on intelligent control, but its parameter is set
Meter is complex, and practicality is not high.Based on this, the invention provides a kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control
System and method for, while having taken into account the speed and steady-state characteristic of MPPT maximum power point tracking, reduces system concussion, follows the trail of the time
It is short.
The content of the invention
It is conflicting the invention aims to solve fixed step algorithm steady-state behaviour and dynamic property in the prior art
The problem of there is provided a kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system and method.
A kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system, including PV arrays, voltage transformation module, voltage
Sensor, current sensor, MPPT control modules, pwm converter, combining inverter and AC network, the voltage transformation list
Member includes electric capacity C1, inductance L1, switching tube Q1, diode D1 and electric capacity C2；Electric capacity C1 two ends respectively with PV arrays just
Negative pole is connected, and inductance L1 one end connects the positive pole of PV arrays, other end connecting valve pipe Q1 drain electrode and diode D1's
Positive pole, the source ground of switching tube, diode D1 negative pole connection electric capacity C2 one end, electric capacity C2 other end ground connection, PWM becomes
The output end connecting valve pipe Q1 of parallel operation grid；Voltage sensor and current sensor connection MPPT control modules, and respectively
The voltage signal detected and current signal are sent to MPPT control modules；MPPT control modules connect pwm converter, and will
Duty cycle signals are sent to pwm converter, and voltage transformation module connects AC network by combining inverter.
A kind of control method of above-mentioned solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system, it includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) initial value for making variable m, n is 0, and current voltage is detected respectively by voltage sensor and current sensor
UiWith current flow Ii, to ensure precision, the frequency of sampling is 6kHz, and calculates current power Pi, make power of operating point PL=
Pi；
(2) initialization step-length correction value k, k can value be 4, make Ui=Ui+(-1)mk,Ui+1=Ui+k,Ui-1=Ui- k,
Ui-1, Ui+1The magnitude of voltage of respectively i point left and right sides operating point；
(3) U is detectedi,Ii,Ui+1,Ii+1,Ui-1,Ii-1, and calculate corresponding Pi,Pi+1,Pi-1, these data storages are existed
In holder, wherein Ii-1、Ii+1The current value of respectively i point left and right sides operating point, Pi-1、Pi+1The respectively i points left and right sides
The performance number of operating point；
(4) P is judgedi+1Whether P is more than or equal toi, if it is, n=n+1 is made, if it is not, then making n=n-1；
(5) P is judgediWhether P is more thani-1, if it is, n=n+1 is made, if it is not, then making n=n-1；
(6) judge n value, if n=2, make UN=Ui+1, PN=Pi+1；If n=0, UN=Ui, PN=Pi；If
N=-2, then make UN=Ui-1, PN=Pi-1, UN,IN,PNRespectively magnitude of voltage, current value and the performance number of subsequent work point；
(7) n value is removed, n=0 is made, computational accuracy ε simultaneously judges whether to meet required precision, if meeting required precision
Then return；If be unsatisfactory for, P is determined whetherNWhether P is less thanL；
(8) if PNLess than PL, then m=m+1, k=k/2, U are madei=UN, PL=PN, return and perform step (2)；If PN
Not less than PL, then U is madei=UN, PL=PN, return and perform step (2).
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and beneficial effect：
A kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system proposed by the present invention is with method relative to tradition
MPPT control systems and method, while taken into account the speed and steady-state characteristic of MPPT maximum power point tracking, reduce system concussion,
The tracking time is short.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system architecture schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention.
A kind of solar energy power generating maximum power point-tracing control method flow chart that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system and method, to make the present invention
Object, technical solution and advantage it is clearer, clear and definite, the embodiment that develops simultaneously referring to the drawings to the present invention further specifically
It is bright.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system, including PV arrays, voltage change
Unit, voltage sensor, current sensor, MPPT control modules, pwm converter, combining inverter and AC network are changed, it is described
Voltage transformation module includes electric capacity C1, inductance L1, switching tube Q1, diode D1 and electric capacity C2；Electric capacity C1 two ends respectively with
The both positive and negative polarity connection of PV arrays, inductance L1 one end connects the positive pole of PV arrays, other end connecting valve pipe Q1 drain electrode and
Diode D1 positive pole, the source ground of switching tube, diode D1 negative pole connection electric capacity C2 one end, the electric capacity C2 other end
Ground connection, the output end connecting valve pipe Q1 of pwm converter grid；Voltage sensor and current sensor connection MPPT control moulds
Block, and the voltage signal detected and current signal are sent to MPPT control modules respectively；MPPT control modules connection PWM becomes
Parallel operation, and duty cycle signals are sent to pwm converter, voltage transformation module connects AC network by combining inverter.This
The described Miniature photovoltaic array maximum power tracking device of invention is that output current and output voltage based on photovoltaic array are carried out
, accurate electric current, voltage sample value play an important role to the power output for calculating photovoltaic array.Therefore, in the present invention
Current Hall sensor and voltage hall sensor is respectively adopted to sample to the output current and output voltage of photovoltaic array.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of control method of above-mentioned solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system, it is wrapped
Include following steps：
(1) initial value for making variable m, n is 0, and current voltage is detected respectively by voltage sensor and current sensor
UiWith current flow Ii, to ensure precision, the frequency of sampling is 6kHz, and calculates current power Pi, make power of operating point PL=
Pi；
(2) initialization step-length correction value k, k can value be 4, make Ui=Ui+(-1)mk,Ui+1=Ui+k,Ui-1=Ui- k,
Ui-1, Ui+1The magnitude of voltage of respectively i point left and right sides operating point；
(3) U is detectedi,Ii,Ui+1,Ii+1,Ui-1,Ii-1, and calculate corresponding Pi,Pi+1,Pi-1, these data storages are existed
In holder, wherein Ii-1、Ii+1The current value of respectively i point left and right sides operating point, Pi-1、Pi+1The respectively i points left and right sides
The performance number of operating point；
(4) P is judgedi+1Whether P is more than or equal toi, if it is, n=n+1 is made, if it is not, then making n=n-1；
(5) P is judgediWhether P is more thani-1, if it is, n=n+1 is made, if it is not, then making n=n-1；
(6) judge n value, if n=2, make UN=Ui+1, PN=Pi+1；If n=0, UN=Ui, PN=Pi；If
N=-2, then make UN=Ui-1, PN=Pi-1, UN,IN,PNRespectively magnitude of voltage, current value and the performance number of subsequent work point；
(7) n value is removed, n=0 is made, computational accuracy ε simultaneously judges whether to meet required precision, if meeting required precision
Then return；If be unsatisfactory for, P is determined whetherNWhether P is less thanL；
(8) if PNLess than PL, then m=m+1, k=k/2, U are madei=UN, PL=PN, return and perform step (2)；If PN
Not less than PL, then U is madei=UN, PL=PN, return and perform step (2).
In above-mentioned control method, fixed step size disturbance is carried out with larger step-length first, when next operating point is than current
The power output hour of operating point, can determine whether out that present operating point, on the right side of maximum power point, now changes direction and by contracting
Microvariations step-length, is down circulated with this, and when changing direction, step-length is reduced by once, until approaching maximum power point.Just open
Beginning is disturbed with larger step size, can reach the requirement of rapidity, step-length is reduced when gradually approaching maximum power point, reach tracking
The requirement of precision.
Simulation result is shown, when illuminance is significantly alterred, the vibration aggravation of output voltage, it is impossible in maximum power point
Stabilization is reached at voltage, and the fluctuation of power output also becomes big therewith, system can not be accurately tracked by maximum power point, make
Success rate loss increases therewith, and go down also can cause adverse effect for a long time to system.And use after the control method of the present invention,
Output voltage rapidly can be just stable at maximum power point voltage in about 0.4s, and disturbance ripple is smaller, power output
Almost can rapidly it be tended towards stability after brief fluctuations with maximum power output..
The MPPT control systems and method of the present invention is relative to traditional algorithm, while having taken into account MPPT maximum power point tracking
Speed and steady-state characteristic, are reduced system concussion, the peak power output of photovoltaic cell can be tracked with fast and stable, meet system
The tracer request for peak power of uniting.
It should be appreciated that the application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned citing, for those of ordinary skills, can
To be improved or converted according to the above description, all these modifications and variations should all belong to the guarantor of appended claims of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system, it is characterised in that including PV arrays, voltage transformation
Unit, voltage sensor, current sensor, MPPT control modules, pwm converter, combining inverter and AC network, voltage are passed
Sensor and current sensor connection MPPT control modules, and the voltage signal detected and current signal are sent to MPPT respectively
Control module；MPPT control modules connect pwm converter, and duty cycle signals are sent into pwm converter, voltage transformation module
AC network is connected by combining inverter.
2. a kind of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating voltage transformation module includes electric capacity C1, inductance L1, switching tube Q1, diode D1 and electric capacity C2；Electric capacity C1 two ends difference
Be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of PV arrays, inductance L1 one end connects the positive pole of PV arrays, other end connecting valve pipe Q1 drain electrode with
And diode D1 positive pole, the source ground of switching tube, diode D1 negative pole connection electric capacity C2 one end, electric capacity C2's is another
End ground connection, the output end connecting valve pipe Q1 of pwm converter grid.
3. a kind of control method of solar energy power generating MPPT maximum power point tracking control system as described in claim 1-2,
It is characterised in that it includes following steps：
(1) initial value for making variable m, n is 0, and current voltage U is detected respectively by voltage sensor and current sensoriWith work as
Preceding electric current Ii, to ensure precision, the frequency of sampling is 6kHz, and calculates current power Pi, make power of operating point PL=Pi；
(2) initialization step-length correction value k, k can value be 4, make Ui=Ui+(-1)mk,Ui+1=Ui+k,Ui-1=Ui- k, Ui-1, Ui+1
The magnitude of voltage of respectively i point left and right sides operating point；
(3) U is detectedi,Ii,Ui+1,Ii+1,Ui-1,Ii-1, and calculate corresponding Pi,Pi+1,Pi-1, by these data storages in storage
In device, wherein Ii-1、Ii+1The current value of respectively i point left and right sides operating point, Pi-1、Pi+1The respectively i points left and right sides works
The performance number of point；
(4) P is judgedi+1Whether P is more than or equal toi, if it is, n=n+1 is made, if it is not, then making n=n-1；
(5) P is judgediWhether P is more thani-1, if it is, n=n+1 is made, if it is not, then making n=n-1；
(6) judge n value, if n=2, make UN=Ui+1, PN=Pi+1；If n=0, UN=Ui, PN=Pi；If n=-
2, then make UN=Ui-1, PN=Pi-1, UN,IN,PNRespectively magnitude of voltage, current value and the performance number of subsequent work point；
(7) n value is removed, makes n=0, computational accuracy ε simultaneously judge whether to meet required precision, be returned if required precision is met
Return；If be unsatisfactory for, P is determined whetherNWhether P is less thanL；
(8) if PNLess than PL, then m=m+1, k=k/2, U are madei=UN, PL=PN, return and perform step (2)；If PNIt is not less than
PL, then U is madei=UN, PL=PN, return and perform step (2).
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107992154A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-04 | 深圳市英威腾光伏科技有限公司 | A kind of maximum power tracking method and device |
| CN112564210A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-26 | 良业科技集团股份有限公司 | Charging method, controller and charging equipment |
| CN112842387A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-28 | 罗洪珍 | Medical equipment for ultrasonic department |
| WO2024187533A1 (en) * | 2023-03-11 | 2024-09-19 | 合肥仙湖半导体科技有限公司 | Solar cell maximum power point tracking circuit and method |
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| CN107992154A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-04 | 深圳市英威腾光伏科技有限公司 | A kind of maximum power tracking method and device |
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| WO2024187533A1 (en) * | 2023-03-11 | 2024-09-19 | 合肥仙湖半导体科技有限公司 | Solar cell maximum power point tracking circuit and method |
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