CN107159869B - A kind of preparation method of the fired mold precision casting type shell for easy oxidation metal - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the fired mold precision casting type shell for easy oxidation metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN107159869B CN107159869B CN201710257265.3A CN201710257265A CN107159869B CN 107159869 B CN107159869 B CN 107159869B CN 201710257265 A CN201710257265 A CN 201710257265A CN 107159869 B CN107159869 B CN 107159869B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/02—Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
- B22D21/005—Castings of light metals with high melting point, e.g. Be 1280 degrees C, Ti 1725 degrees C
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of precision-investment casting method for easy oxidation metal, includes the following steps: that refractory powder is added in binder by (1) and mix, and wetting agent and defoaming agent is added, stir evenly and be prepared into investment precoat；Coating painting is hung on wax-pattern, aforesaid operations is repeated after dry and repeatedly forms surface shell；(2) bauxite powder is added in silica sol binder and is mixed, stucco uses bauxite sand, repeats aforesaid operations after dry and repeatedly forms reinforcing layer shell；(3) infrared dewaxing technique is used；(4) melting is carried out using vacuum consumable skull melting method, is poured using centrifugal casting technique.The defects of casting dimension produced using this method is accurate, minimum wall thickness (MINI W.)≤1.0mm, surface roughness≤6.3 μm, surface contamination layer≤0.03mm, and surface is without cold shut, current mark, micro-crack, and production cost reduces, and the production cycle shortens, suitable for mass production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fired mold precision casting type shell process of preparing for easy oxidation metal.
Background technique
Easy oxidation metal (titanium, zirconium etc.) has the characteristics that density is low, high, more corrosion-resistant than strong, is widely used to navigate at present
The industries such as sky, space flight, nuclear energy, chemical industry and medical treatment.Easy oxidation metal activity with higher in the molten state, can with it is general normal
Different degrees of chemical reaction occurs with refractory material, and can also be with O2、N2、H2And CO2Equal gases chemically react, shadow
Ring the quality of casting.Therefore, easy oxidation metal foundry engieering is more demanding to mold material and Casting Equipment, it is necessary to which selection is suitable
Mold material and casting technique, guarantee the quality of casting.
Currently, easy oxidation metal foundry engieering is mainly using machining graphite mould and ceramic mould investment precision casting technology.
Machining graphite mould process characteristic is that casting mold processing relatively convenient is simple, and the single products production cycle is shorter, but since graphite is cast
Type surface is more coarse, and thermal conductivity is higher, and the cast(ing) surface of casting is caused the defects of cold shut, current mark, micro-crack easily occur.
Ceramic mould investment precision casting technology is using yttrium oxide inert ceramic material as surface layer powder, using yttrium colloidal sol or acetic acid zirconium
It is prepared as surface layer binder, and using melted module precise casting technology, feature is that surface quality of continuous castings is higher, especially suitable
For complex thin wall castings.But there are some problems, one side Yttrium oxide materials costly, to cause to be produced into for the technology
This is higher, and stability is poor during the preparation process for the agent of another aspect sol bonded yttrium, it is easy to it is gelled, Zirconium acetate agglutinate agent
Gelation rate is slower during shell processed, and is reversible, and water is met after gelling can occur " back dissolving " phenomenon, falls off from wax-pattern,
Therefore shell needs longer drying time, causes casting mold manufacturing cycle longer.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of using the oxidizable gold of calcium zirconate-yttrium oxide composite ceramics shell
Belong to melted module precise casting technology.The casting dimension produced using this method is accurate, casting minimum wall thickness (MINI W.)≤1.0mm, and surface is thick
The defects of rugosity≤6.3 μm, surface contamination layer≤0.03mm, surface is without cold shut, current mark, micro-crack, and production cost reduces,
Production cycle shortens.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
(1) prepared by shell surface layer: refractory powder is added in binder and is mixed, powder liquid mass ratio is 2 ︰, 1~4 ︰ 1, and
0~0.05wt% wetting agent and 0~0.05wt% defoaming agent is added, uniform stirring 2~6 hours, is prepared into investment precoat；This
Coating painting is hung on wax-pattern, and stucco uses calcium zirconate sand, and in 80~150 mesh, drying time control is small 6~18 for granularity control
When, environment temperature is controlled at 18~26 DEG C, and humid control is 45~65%；It is certain thickness to repeat 2~3 formation of aforesaid operations
Surface shell；The change of component range of the refractory powder is as follows: calcium zirconate 60~90%, yttrium oxide 10~40%；Binder
Change of component range it is as follows: nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid 50~70%, acetic acid zirconium 50~30%；
(2) prepared by shell reinforcing layer: bauxite powder is added in silica sol binder and is mixed, the control of powder liquid mass ratio
In 2 ︰, 1~5 ︰ 1, stucco uses bauxite sand, and granularity control is in 20~100 mesh, and drying time control was at 12~24 hours, environment
Temperature is controlled at 18~26 DEG C, and humid control is 30~50%；It repeats to form certain thickness reinforcing layer aforesaid operations 8~10 times
Shell；
(3) shell dewaxing and roasting: shell dewaxing uses infrared dewaxing technique, and heating temperature is at 220~260 DEG C；Shell
The heating rate control of roasting keeps the temperature 2~4 hours at 1000~1400 DEG C, furnace is as cold as 100~200 DEG C in 100~150 DEG C/h
It comes out of the stove spare；
(4) smelting and pouring: vacuum consumable skull melting method is used, easy oxidation metal consutrode is put into vacuum first
In Consumable electrode skull furnace, starts vacuum pump, be evacuated to vacuum degree≤10-2After Pa, melting is carried out, metal all after fusing, uses
Centrifugal casting technique cast alloys liquid into casting mold, centrifugal rotational speed are 150~400 revs/min, it is cooling to get.
As a preferred technical scheme:
Refractory powder granularity described in step (1) be 270~650 mesh, nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid concentration be 15%~
30wt%, acetic acid zirconium concentration are 30~45wt%；The wetting agent is JFC, and defoaming agent is n-butanol.
In 220~540 mesh, thickness of silica gel is 30~40wt% for the granularity control of bauxite powder described in step (2).
Baking carries out in chamber type electric resistance furnace in step (3).
The voltage of vacuum consumable skull melting is controlled in 38~40V in step (4), and current control is in 16000~20000A.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is used as shell surface layer powder using calcium zirconate and yttrium oxide mixing, using nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid and vinegar
For sour zirconium as surface layer binder, one side calcium zirconate material source is extensive, cheap, greatly reduces shell cost processed, in turn
So that the production cost of easy oxidation metal casting is also reduced.On the other hand, nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid rate of drying is fast,
Stability is preferable, largely avoids the back dissolving of Zirconium acetate agglutinate agent, and shell efficiency processed is improved, and is glued with independent using acetic acid zirconium
Knot agent is compared, and the shell period processed reduces 20%.In addition, surface layer powder particles are controlled in 270~650 mesh, shape in the process for making shell
At grain size distribution, small particles are embedded in the gap of big particle, improve the tightly packed ability of powder, and shell compactness mentions
It is high.Meanwhile surface layer slurry configuration method is simple, is easy to be coated with, the investment shell intensity of preparation is high, and the easy oxidation metal casting of casting is dirty
It is small to contaminate layer, it is suitable for mass production.The invention can be widely applied to high-quality quantity high performance easy oxidation metal precision casting development and
In production.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of precision-investment casting method for easy oxidation metal is the titanium alloy pump of ZTA15 with the production material trade mark
For body, processing step is as follows:
(1) prepared by shell surface layer: refractory powder being added in binder and is mixed, powder liquid mass ratio is 3 ︰ 1, and is added
0.02wt% wetting agent jfc and 0.02wt% defoaming agent n-butanol, uniform stirring 6 hours, are prepared into investment precoat；Wherein fire resisting
The group of powder becomes calcium zirconate 80%, yttrium oxide 20%, and granularity is 270~650 mesh, and the group of binder is as nano aluminium oxide point
Dispersion liquid 50%, acetic acid zirconium 50%, nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid concentration are 20wt%, and acetic acid zirconium concentration is 40wt%.The coating
Painting is hung on wax-pattern, and stucco uses calcium zirconate sand, and granularity control is in 80 mesh, and drying time control was at 12 hours, environment temperature control
System is at 26 DEG C, and humid control is 50%.It repeats to form certain thickness surface shell aforesaid operations 3 times.
(2) prepared by shell reinforcing layer: bauxite powder is added in silica sol binder and is mixed, the control of powder liquid mass ratio
In 4 ︰ 1, wherein the control of bauxite granularity is in 220~540 mesh, and thickness of silica gel 30wt%, stucco is using bauxite sand, granularity
Control is in 20~100 mesh, and drying time control was at 24 hours, and environment temperature is controlled at 26 DEG C, and humid control is 40%.In repetition
It states operation 10 times and forms certain thickness reinforcing layer shell.
(3) shell dewaxing and roasting: shell dewaxing uses infrared dewaxing technique, and heating temperature is at 260 DEG C.Baking exists
Carried out in chamber type electric resistance furnace, heating rate control keeps the temperature 4 hours in 100 DEG C/h, at 1000 DEG C, furnace be as cold as 100 DEG C come out of the stove it is spare.
(4) smelting and pouring: vacuum consumable skull melting method is used, titanium alloy consumable electrode is put into vacuum consumable first
In electrode skull crucible, starts vacuum pump, be evacuated to vacuum degree≤10-2After Pa, melting is carried out, voltage is controlled in 38V, and current control exists
18000A.Titanium alloy all fusing after, using centrifugal casting technique into casting mold cast titanium aluminium alloy, centrifugal rotational speed be 400 turns/
Point, it is cooling to get.
Pour the casting minimum wall thickness (MINI W.)≤1.0mm outpoured, any surface finish, roughness≤6.3 μm, surface contamination layer≤
0.01mm。
Embodiment 2
A kind of precision-investment casting method for easy oxidation metal is the zircaloy cock of 702C with the production material trade mark
For valve, processing step is as follows:
(1) prepared by shell surface layer: refractory powder being added in binder and is mixed, powder liquid mass ratio is 2 ︰ 1, and is added
0.02wt% wetting agent jfc and 0.02wt% defoaming agent n-butanol, uniform stirring 6 hours, are prepared into investment precoat；Wherein fire resisting
The group of powder becomes calcium zirconate 60%, yttrium oxide 40%, and granularity is 270~650 mesh, and the group of binder is as nano aluminium oxide point
Dispersion liquid 60%, acetic acid zirconium 40%；Nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid concentration is 20wt%, and acetic acid zirconium concentration is 40wt%.The coating
Painting is hung on wax-pattern, and stucco uses calcium zirconate sand, and granularity is 80 mesh, and drying time 12 hours, environment temperature was controlled at 26 DEG C, wet
Degree control is 50%.It repeats to form certain thickness surface shell aforesaid operations 3 times.
(2) prepared by shell reinforcing layer: bauxite powder is added in silica sol binder and is mixed, the control of powder liquid mass ratio
In 3 ︰ 1, wherein the control of bauxite granularity is in 220~540 mesh, and thickness of silica gel 30wt%, stucco is using bauxite sand, granularity
Control is in 20~100 mesh, and drying time control was at 12 hours, and environment temperature is controlled at 26 DEG C, and humid control is 40%.In repetition
It states operation 8 times and forms certain thickness reinforcing layer shell.
(3) shell dewaxing and roasting: shell dewaxing uses infrared dewaxing technique, and heating temperature is at 260 DEG C.Baking exists
Carried out in chamber type electric resistance furnace, heating rate control keeps the temperature 2 hours in 100 DEG C/h, at 1000 DEG C, furnace be as cold as 100 DEG C come out of the stove it is spare.
(4) smelting and pouring: vacuum consumable skull melting method is used, zircaloy consutrode is put into vacuum consumable first
In electrode skull crucible, starts vacuum pump, be evacuated to vacuum degree≤10-2After Pa, melting is carried out, voltage is controlled in 40V, and current control exists
20000A.Zircaloy all after fusing, cast zircaloy liquid using centrifugal casting technique into casting mold, centrifugal rotational speed for 220 turns/
Point, it is cooling to get.
Pour the casting minimum wall thickness (MINI W.)≤1.0mm outpoured, any surface finish, roughness≤6.3 μm, surface contamination layer≤
0.03mm。
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of precision-investment casting method for easy oxidation metal, which is characterized in that including following processing steps:
(1) prepared by shell surface layer: refractory powder being added in binder and is mixed, powder liquid mass ratio is 2 ︰, 1~4 ︰ 1, and is added 0
~0.05wt% wetting agent and 0~0.05wt% defoaming agent uniform stirring 2~6 hours, are prepared into investment precoat；The coating
Painting is hung on wax-pattern, and stucco uses calcium zirconate sand, and granularity control is in 80~150 mesh, and drying time control was at 6~18 hours, ring
Border temperature is controlled at 18~26 DEG C, and humid control is 45~65%；It repeats to form certain thickness surface layer aforesaid operations 2~3 times
Shell；The change of component range of the refractory powder is as follows: calcium zirconate 50~80%, yttrium oxide 20~50%；The group of binder
Divide variation range as follows: nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid 50~70%, acetic acid zirconium 30~50%；
(2) prepared by shell reinforcing layer: bauxite powder being added in silica sol binder and is mixed, powder liquid mass ratio is controlled in 2 ︰
1~5 ︰ 1, stucco use bauxite sand, and granularity control is in 20~100 mesh, and drying time control was at 12~24 hours, environment temperature
Control is at 18~26 DEG C, and humid control is 30~50%；It repeats to form certain thickness reinforcing stratotype aforesaid operations 8~10 times
Shell；
(3) shell dewaxing and roasting: shell dewaxing uses infrared dewaxing technique, and heating temperature is at 220~260 DEG C；Baking
Heating rate control in 100~150 DEG C/h, keep the temperature 2~4 hours at 1000~1400 DEG C, furnace is as cold as 100~200 DEG C and comes out of the stove
It is spare；
(4) smelting and pouring: vacuum consumable skull melting method is used, easy oxidation metal consutrode is put into vacuum consumable first
In electrode skull crucible, starts vacuum pump, be evacuated to vacuum degree≤10-2After Pa, melting is carried out, after metal all melts, using centrifugation
Casting process cast alloys liquid into casting mold, centrifugal rotational speed are 150~400 revs/min, it is cooling to get.
2. according to the precision-investment casting method for being used for easy oxidation metal described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1)
The refractory powder granularity is 270~650 mesh, and nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid concentration is 15%~30wt%, and acetic acid zirconium concentration is
30~45wt%.
3. according to the precision-investment casting method for being used for easy oxidation metal described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1)
The wetting agent is JFC, and defoaming agent is n-butanol.
4. according to the precision-investment casting method for being used for easy oxidation metal described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2)
In 220~540 mesh, thickness of silica gel is 30~40wt% for the granularity control of the bauxite powder.
5. according to the precision-investment casting method for being used for easy oxidation metal described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (3)
Baking carries out in chamber type electric resistance furnace.
6. according to the precision-investment casting method for being used for easy oxidation metal described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (4)
The voltage of vacuum consumable skull melting is controlled in 38~40V, and current control is in 16000~20000A.
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| CN201710257265.3A CN107159869B (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-19 | A kind of preparation method of the fired mold precision casting type shell for easy oxidation metal |
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| CN201710257265.3A CN107159869B (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-19 | A kind of preparation method of the fired mold precision casting type shell for easy oxidation metal |
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| CN109014017A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2018-12-18 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of preparation method based on the natural plant type metal handicrafts for burning mistake method |
| CN109574662A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-05 | 沃尔曼科技张家港有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and application of calcium zirconate ceramics type core |
| CN113000788A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-22 | 丹东大王精铸有限公司 | Shell manufacturing method of low-cost composite shell |
| CN113351844A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-07 | 沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Method for precisely forming large-scale complex cavity titanium alloy casting |
| CN113996748B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-12-02 | 华中科技大学 | Shell surface layer for lost foam shell mold casting aluminum lithium alloy and shell preparation method |
| CN113996759B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-10-28 | 华中科技大学 | Aluminum lithium alloy casting adopting shell to inhibit interface reaction and casting method thereof |
| CN117344244B (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2024-09-27 | 中国机械总院集团沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Invar alloy with high strength and low expansion coefficient and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH05208241A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-20 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Casting mold for precision casting of titanium or titanium alloy |
| CN102294436B (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2013-01-02 | 哈尔滨实钛新材料科技发展有限公司 | Method for precisely casting titanium alloy and titanium aluminum alloy with low cost |
| CN102962401A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-13 | 上海大学 | SrZrO3 shell for titanium and titanium alloy precise casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN105499499B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-10-03 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | A kind of Ti-Al series metal compounds casting method for precisely forming |
| CN106493287B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-02-01 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | The casting preparation method of yttrium oxide shell |
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