CN107116627B - The compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression - Google Patents
The compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression Download PDFInfo
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- CN107116627B CN107116627B CN201710316197.3A CN201710316197A CN107116627B CN 107116627 B CN107116627 B CN 107116627B CN 201710316197 A CN201710316197 A CN 201710316197A CN 107116627 B CN107116627 B CN 107116627B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/02—Hot tables for warming veneers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D3/00—Veneer presses; Press plates; Plywood presses
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression, this method includes following specific process: a, preheating: spare timber being placed on press and is preheated；B, it compresses: spare timber being compressed with press, compression speed is 0.05~3mm/s；C, it keeps the temperature: heat preservation standing 20 minutes or more after the completion of compression；D, cool down, open press, obtain stratiform compression wood.The present invention can effectively realize the compression layer position control of timber stratiform compression, realize the selectivity orientation densification of timber, greatly increase the service performance of timber and using price, have high economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compression layer position control methods of timber stratiform compression, are related to timber floor and field of furniture.
Background technique
Wood compression technology come across earliest the 1930s the U.S. and Germany (Walsh et al., 1923；
Olesheimer, 1929), initial compressed wood use is on military aircraft, for substituting metal material, it is therefore an objective to prevent by thunder
Up to discovery.Until in the 1990s, the application range for widening artificial forest wood is target to improve the performance of softwood
The wood compression technical research just attention by countries in the world scholar and industrial circle.By 20 years of researches, wood compression skill
The wood compression technology of art, especially damp and hot softening becomes in timber softening, plastic deformation, the performance change of compression wood, compression
Shape fix and its mechanism and compress mode and compression process and etc. gradually improve (Norimoto, 1993；Liu
et al.,1993；Inoue et al.,1993,1998,2000,2008；Udaka et al.,1998,2000；2003；
Matsumoto et al., 2012), and form the compression of the log rough rounding after damp and hot sofening treatment, sawn timber reduced overall, veneer
Compression, the compression of sawn timber surface layer and the compressed wood processing technical systems such as Softening with high frequency heating and deformation are fixed, and in wood
The popularization and application of material industry (it is vertical etc. enough, 2006；Lee etc., 2011).
Reduced overall is to carry out compression compact to timber under certain compression ratio after softening timber, and softening process is general
It only emphasizes to reach softening temperature and be kept for the regular hour, therefore, majority research is all in full water or saturated steam softening item
Be unfolded under part (Norimoto, 1993；Inoue et al.,1993,1998,2000；Udaka et al.,1998,2000；
Lee, 2014).
Reduced overall can significantly improve the Physical and mechanical properties of softwood, and the density of wood after compression processing
More evenly, but since softwood density is very low, the compression that density is high, hardness is big can just only be obtained by improving compression ratio
Wood, this compress mode can bring very big wood volume to lose, improve the manufacturing cost of compressed wood.In order to reduce compression strap
The loss for the timber measurement come, many scholars have carried out surface layer Compression Study.Have soft using 200 DEG C or more of high temperature hot plate heating
Change the research report (painting etc., 2012) for carrying out surface layer compression, but this mode is a kind of simple thermal softening mode, due to being added
The moisture content of heat is low, and the thickness of compressed layer of formation is very limited, and density gradient is big, and compression layer after processing of scraping has can
It can disappear.Wood is carried out by way of the chemical polymerizations object such as surface layer impregnated phenolic resin, glyoxal resin and melamine resin
The research report of the surface layer compression of material it is very much (Inoue et al., 1990,1991；Tokuda et al.,2003；Adachi
et al.,2005；Liu etc., 2002).Although resin dipping in surface layer can obtain the surface layer compression wood that surface property significantly improves,
But there are problems that harmful substance release using the compressed wood of chemical polymerization object impregnation, it is not easy to be received by user.
Stratiform compression is that the surface layer of timber or middle layer are carried out compression compact, forms compression layer and uncompressed layer simultaneously
Existing compressed wood (Huang et al., 2012).Stratiform compress mode under hydro-thermal control is a kind of new type of compression mode.This
The characteristics of kind compress mode is the porosity and anisotropy using timber passes through what process engineering was realized.Stratiform compression
The density of timber, compression layer can achieve 0.8g/cm3More than, uncompressed layer keeps original density.This compress mode overcomes
It is small that existing thickness of compressed layer is compressed on simple high temperature thermal softening surface layer, gradient big disadvantage, and does not use in treatment process
Any chemical agent can solve the big problem of reduced overall timber loss to a certain extent.But these previous researchs
Only reporting stratiform compression may be implemented, but the undeclared position for how controlling compression layer formation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide a kind of compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression.
The present invention can effectively realize the compression layer position control of timber stratiform compression, and the selectivity orientation for realizing timber is closely knit
Change, greatly increase the service performance and use value of timber, has high economic benefit and social benefit.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical scheme is as follows: a kind of compression layer position of timber stratiform compression
Control method, this method include following specific process:
A, it preheats: spare timber being placed on press and is preheated；
B, it compresses: spare timber being compressed with press, compression speed is 0.05~3mm/s；
C, it keeps the temperature: heat preservation standing 20 minutes or more after the completion of compression；
D, cool down, open press, obtain stratiform compression wood.
In the compression layer position control method of above-mentioned timber stratiform compression, in step a, before preheating, to moisture content 14%
Timber below first carries out termination process using hydrophobic material, is soaked in water after termination process, soaking time 30 minutes~3
Hour；The timber of moisture content 14%~30% is directly preheated, or is impregnated 30 minutes~1 hour；Moisture content is greater than
30% timber is directly preheated.
In the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform above-mentioned compression, in step a, according to y when the pre-heat treatment1=
a1ln(x1)-c1Logarithmic function relationship orQuadratic function relation, by adjusting preheating temperature come
The compression layer position of timber is controlled, to realize that the selectivity of timber orients densification；Wherein a1、a2、b2、c1And c2For coefficient, y1、
y2Distance for compression layer away from wood surface, x1、x2For preheating temperature.The compression layer position control of timber stratiform compression above-mentioned
In method, in step a, when the pre-heat treatment according toQuadratic function relation orFinger
Number functional relation, controls the compression layer position of timber, by adjusting the preheating time of the pre-heat treatment to realize the selection of timber
Property orientation densification；Wherein a3、a4、b3、c3And c4For coefficient, y3、y4Distance for compression layer away from wood surface, x3、x4For preheating
Temperature.In the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform above-mentioned compression, in step a, preheating temperature is preferably 80~
200℃。
In the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression above-mentioned, in step a, the closing speed of press before preheating
Greater than 0.5mm/s.
In the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression above-mentioned, in step a, the closing speed of press before preheating
Greater than 5mm/s.
In the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression above-mentioned, in step b, compression speed is 0.1~2mm/
s。
In the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression above-mentioned, in step b, spare timber is carried out with press
Compression after every compression 1~5s time, stops 5~30s of pressurization, recycles this process, until timber reaches predetermined degree of compression
In the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression above-mentioned, in step d, the stratiform compression wood
Compression layer position is located at position among surface layer to thickness direction, and with 1 or more compression layer；And decrement finger gauge control
System, decrement are 1~20mm, and the upper layer in lumber thickness direction is respectively formed the compression layer of 0.5~10mm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the present invention is to existing
Timber stratiform compression method is improved, and can be effectively realized the compression layer position control of timber stratiform compression, be realized
The selectivity of timber orients densification, greatly increases the service performance of timber and using price, economic effect with higher
Benefit and social benefit.Further, it has been found that in preheating procedure, according to y1=a1ln(x1)-c1Logarithmic function close
System orQuadratic function relation, can control timber to accurate quantification by adjusting preheating temperature
Compression layer position；And in preheating procedure, according toQuadratic function relation or
Exponential function relation, the compression layer position of timber is controlled by adjusting the preheating time of the pre-heat treatment, realizes timber
Selectivity orientation densification.Due to accurately can quantitatively control the compression layer of timber, and the uncompressed layer of density ratio of compression layer
High by 30% or more, i.e. density reaches 0.6g/cm3More than or density contrast 0.15g/cm3More than.Through detecting, surface layer compression wood
Surface firmly can highest improve 400%, the bending strength of surface layer compression wood can highest improve 100%, elasticity modulus can highest
Improve 100%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the formation schematic diagram of the compression layer of timber stratiform compression；
Fig. 2 is the relational graph of preheating temperature Yu compression layer forming position；
Fig. 3 is the relationship of preheating time Yu compression layer forming position；
Fig. 4 is the photo in kind of timber stratiform compression compression layer different location.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: timber stratiform compression compression layer position control method, as shown in Fig. 1, this method specifically include with
Specific process down:
1) timber is blocked or is impregnated according to moisture content difference；
Moisture content carries out termination process in 14% timber below, using hydrophobic materials such as paraffin, afterwards with normal-temperature water or
100 DEG C of hot water below of person impregnate, and can not also block direct immersion, and the time 10 minutes~6 hours, preferably 30 minutes~
3 hours, the pre-heat treatment is carried out after immersion；Moisture content can directly carry out postorder the pre-heat treatment in 14%~30% timber,
It can also be impregnated with the short time, carry out the pre-heat treatment after impregnating 30 minutes~3 hours；Timber of the moisture content greater than 30% is directly used
In postorder the pre-heat treatment；
2) timber is placed on the press for being preheated to 70~250 DEG C and (briquetting of press is first to heat to 70~250
DEG C), preferably 80~200 DEG C of press pre-heating temperature；
3) press rapid closing, closing speed are greater than 0.5mm/s, preferably 5mm/s or more；
4) the pre-heat treatment is carried out (i.e. after timber and briquetting contact) after being closed, as shown in Fig. 1, by adjusting preheating temperature
It spends to control the compression layer position of timber:
As shown in Fig. 2, according to y when the pre-heat treatment1=a1ln(x1)-c1Logarithmic function relationship orQuadratic function relation, the compression layer position of timber is controlled by adjusting preheating temperature, with realize
The selectivity of timber orients densification；Wherein a1、a2、b2、c1And c2For coefficient, by the tree species of timber, moisture content, hot pressing temperature
The decision of the factors such as degree, hot pressing pressure, y1、y2Distance for compression layer away from wood surface, x1、x2For preheating temperature.
And the compression layer position of timber is controlled by adjusting preheating time:
As shown in Fig. 3, the pre-heat treatment when according toQuadratic function relation or
Exponential function relation, control the compression layer position of timber, by adjusting the preheating time of the pre-heat treatment to realize timber
Selectivity orientation densification；Wherein a3、a4、b3、c3And c4For coefficient, y3、y4Distance for compression layer away from wood surface, x3、x4For
Preheating time；
5) after the pre-heat treatment, timber is compressed in pressurization, wherein 0.05~3mm/s of compression speed, preferably 0.1~2mm/
s；Preferably, intermittent compression can also be used, method: compressing spare timber with press, 1~5s of every compression
After time, stop 5~30s of pressurization, recycle this process, until timber reaches predetermined degree of compression；
6) decrement is controlled with finger gauge, and decrement is unlimited or decrement is 1~20mm, in lumber thickness after compression
The upper layer in direction is respectively formed the compression layer of 0.5~10mm, preferred compressed 2~5mm of amount, above and below lumber thickness direction
Surface layer is respectively formed the compression layer of 0.5~10mm；
7) keep 20 minutes or more after the completion of compression, preferably 30~50 minutes, the temperature that heat preservation is can be preheating and
Temperature when compression can also increase or reduce temperature；
8) cooling processing is carried out to the timber under pressing plate and compressive state, is down to 70 DEG C hereinafter, it is preferred that 60 DEG C or less~room
Temperature；
9) press is opened, i.e. acquisition compression layer position is located at position among surface layer to thickness direction, has 1 or two
The stratiform compression wood of a above compression layer.As shown in Fig. 4, the reality that the compression layer of timber stratiform compression is formed in different location
Object photo figure, the number in figure are distance of the compression layer apart from surface, as seen from Figure 4, through the invention can be accurate
The compression layer position for controlling timber realizes the selectivity orientation densification of timber.
The material or instrument and equipment that the present invention uses are as follows:
Material:
A, density is in 0.20-0.70g/cm3Timber or density 0.70g/cm3Timber below, including artificial forest speed
Greenwood and wildwood timber, such as the domestic fast growing wood of tree species, China fir, paulownia, cryptomeria of Salicaceae also include all import speed
Greenwood；
B, by wood-working factory's plate, tangential plate, string radial plate, radial plate, preferably tangential plate be can be；
C, with a thickness of 0.5~500mm, it is also possible to any machinable thickness, preferably 1~150mm；
D, scraped to the timber plate face after sawing, sanding processing, plate after making surfacing or sawing not into
Row surfacing processing；
E, end-capping reagent: the hydrophobic materials such as paraffin；
F, softening agent: the imines of water, ammonia, alkaline aqueous solution and boiling point lower than 200 DEG C, ketone, ether, alcohol, nitrile, amide, ester, carboxylic
One of acid is a variety of；
Instrument and equipment:
A, timber immersion container, such as sink, be dimensioned to it is enough timber is integrally impregnated subject to.
B, hot press preferably has cooling function with cooling function or without cooling function；
Pressure is not less than 10kgf/cm2, general pressure is not less than 50kgf/cm2Press, preferably 30~50kgf/cm2；
Maximum close rate request is as fast as possible, to be advisable not less than 0.5mm/s, preferably 5mm/s or more；
Open shelves 2~40cm of height, preferably 5~15cm；
Single layer or multilayer；
Maximum temperature should reach 220 DEG C, preferably 200 DEG C.
Embodiment 2: compression layer position and the fit equation of preheating temperature and time are as shown in table 1,
Table 1
Applicant with a thickness of the timber of 25mm to test, it is desirable that decrement 5mm, the two groups of progress of the pre-heat treatment time-division
Test, first group sets preheating temperature as variable x1(or x2), preheating time is set to 720 seconds, according to y1=a1ln(x1)-c1Pair
Number functional relations orQuadratic function relation, the compression of timber is controlled by adjusting preheating temperature
Layer position, to realize that the selectivity of timber orients densification；Second group sets preheating time as variable x3And x4, preheating temperature is
180 DEG C, according toQuadratic function relation orExponential function relation, by adjusting
Preheating time controls the compression layer position of timber.
Such as poplar conventional wood, moisture content have influence to the coefficient in above-mentioned fit equation, try repeatedly through applicant
It is found after testing, such as poplar conventional wood, the influence such as the following table 2 of moisture content to coefficient each in fit equation:
Table 2
As can be seen from the above table, the coefficient of each fit equation is it is believed that each specific under different moisture content
The general corresponding above-mentioned equation of water cut value in coefficient be also specific and determine.
Table 3
Table 3 is the test result of preheating temperature and time and compression layer position, from table 3 it can be seen that at first group of preheating
The preheating time of reason is defined as 720s, according to y1=a1ln(x1)-c1Logarithmic function relationship, controlled by adjusting preheating temperature
The compression layer position of timber processed.When moisture content is 12%, first group of coefficient a1And c1Respectively 7.5091 and 31.53 (pass through
Conclude it is known that the coefficient under other specified conditions by sampling can conclude as known conditions), in setting preheating temperature
It is 120 DEG C, compression layer is 4.42mm away from surface distance, is setting preheating temperature as 180 DEG C, compression layer is away from surface distance
7.46mm is therefore deduced that according to y1=a1ln(x1)-c1Logarithmic function relationship, control wood by adjusting preheating temperature
The compression layer position of material.
The preheating temperature of second group of the pre-heat treatment is defined as 180 DEG C, according toFunctional relation, lead to
Adjustment preheating time is spent to control the compression layer position of timber.When moisture content is 12%, first group of coefficient a3、b3And c3Point
Not Wei 1E-05,0.008 and 0.999, setting preheating time as 40s, compression layer is 1.34mm away from surface distance, pre- in setting
The hot time be 480s, compression layer away from surface distance be 7.14mm, therefore deduce that according toFunction
Relationship controls the compression layer position of timber by adjusting preheating time.
Claims (8)
1. the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression, it is characterised in that: this method includes following specific process:
A, it preheats: spare timber being placed on press and is preheated；
B, it compresses: spare timber being compressed with press, compression speed is 0.05~3mm/s；
C, it keeps the temperature: heat preservation standing 20 minutes or more after the completion of compression；
D, cool down, open press, obtain stratiform compression wood；
In step a, according to y when the pre-heat treatment1=a1ln(x1)-c1Logarithmic function relationship orTwo
Secondary functional relation controls the compression layer position of timber by adjusting preheating temperature, and the selectivity orientation to realize timber is closely knit
Change；Wherein a1、a2、b2、c1And c2For coefficient, y1、y2Distance for compression layer away from wood surface, x1、x2For preheating temperature；
Alternatively, in step a, when the pre-heat treatment according toQuadratic function relation or's
Exponential function relation controls the compression layer position of timber by adjusting the preheating time of the pre-heat treatment, to realize the choosing of timber
Selecting property orients densification；Wherein a3、a4、b3、c3And c4For coefficient, y3、y4Distance for compression layer away from wood surface, x3、x4It is pre-
The hot time；
As spare moisture content < 14%, a1=7.5~7.8；c1=31~42；a2< 1 × 10-3；b2< 0.15；c2< 8；
a3< 1 × 10-4；b3< 0.015；c3=0~1；a4=0~1.2；c4< 1 × 10-3；When spare moisture content is 14~30%
When, a1=7.3~7.5；c1=32~40；a2< 1 × 10-4；b1< 0.12；c2< 8；a3< 1 × 10-5；b3< 0.010；c3=0
~1；a4=0~1.0；c4< 1 × 10-4；As spare moisture content > 30%, a1=7.1~7.3；c1=31~39；a2
< 1 × 10-5；b2< 0.10；c2< 8；a3< 1 × 10-7；b3< 0.008；c3=0~1；a4=0~0.8；c4< 1 × 10-5。
2. the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step a,
Before preheating, to the timber below of moisture content 14%, termination process is first carried out using hydrophobic material, uses water logging after termination process
Bubble, or do not block, directly it is soaked in water, soaking time 30 minutes~3 hours；It is direct to the timber of moisture content 14%~30%
It is preheated, or is impregnated 30 minutes~1 hour；Timber to moisture content greater than 30% directly preheats.
3. the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step a,
The temperature of preheating is 80~200 DEG C.
4. the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step a,
The closing speed of press is greater than 0.5mm/s before preheating.
5. the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in step a,
The closing speed of press is greater than 5mm/s before preheating.
6. the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step b,
Compression speed is 0.1~2mm/s.
7. the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step b,
Spare timber is compressed with press, after every compression 1~5s time, stops 5~30s of pressurization, recycles this process, until wood
Material reaches predetermined degree of compression.
8. the compression layer position control method of timber stratiform compression according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step d,
The compression layer position of the stratiform compression wood is located at position among surface layer to thickness direction, and with 1 or more compression
Layer；And decrement is controlled with finger gauge, and decrement is 1~20mm, the upper layer in lumber thickness direction is respectively formed 0.5~
The compression layer of 10mm.
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| CN107263657A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-10-20 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | The thickness of compressed layer control method of timber stratiform compression |
| CN116117952A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2023-05-16 | Ahf有限责任公司 | Method for forming a flooring assembly |
| CN108638273A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-10-12 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of unilateral side surface layer compressed wood and preparation method thereof |
| CN108943208B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-10-29 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | A kind of solid wood compression compact sheet production method that Density Distribution is controllable |
| CN113211587B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-03-18 | 久盛地板有限公司 | Production method of surface layer compression reinforced ultra-stable solid wood floor heating floor board |
| CN116533339B (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2024-08-09 | 西昌学院 | Preparation method and application of single-side compression layer positioning quantitative compressed wood |
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