CN107103491A - A kind of construction method of room rate numeral estimation model - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of construction method of room rate numeral estimation model, including house property information, information progress data normalization and coordinate system conversion processing to acquisition are obtained, the data after processing are carried out with elimination of rough difference, the steps such as room rate characteristic point, the irregular triangular grid of generation room rate, the digital estimation model of conversion room rate are extracted；For more traditional room rate display form, room rate DEM is the room rate form of expression that a kind of information content is bigger, appeal is stronger, visual effect is more excellent, interaction is more friendly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of the computer network, more particularly to a kind of room rate numeral estimation model DEM
The construction method of (Digital Evaluation Model).
Background technology
The third market of China's real estate two is growing, and second-hand house trade market is such as bought and sold, replaced, the activity of mortgaging is more next
More frequent, on the one hand these marketing activities make second-hand house price distribution situation increasingly be taken seriously in itself, on the other hand
Its state tax revenue problem being related to, also make it that understanding objective room rate becomes particularly important.
However, in second-hand house process of exchange, the factor of influence price is more, and people are difficult to micro-judgment second-hand house
Transaction value.Read the room rate assessment report of form, although accurate, it can be difficult to the demand of second-hand house dealer is met,
It is even more to need substantial amounts of manpower and financial resources that the room rate of specialty, which is assessed,.Buyer or seller need one kind to obtain big in a short time
The mode of the second-hand house source of houses pricing information of amount.
Room rate DEM (Digital Evaluation Model), i.e. room rate numeral estimation model (or digital room rate model),
It is to be realized by the room rate data of the limited source of houses to the room rate digitized simulation in certain area, is a kind of digital expression room rate
The mode of form.It is a kind of solid threedimensional model that room rate is represented by one group of orderly array of values form.
Room rate DEM generation method is not proposed also both at home and abroad at present.Present in existing second-hand room rate acquisition modes
Defect has：1st, manual service, labor intensive financial resources；2nd, inconvenience is operated, it is necessary to provide the various additional informations of house property；3rd, single is only capable of
Check the room rate of the single source of houses, the inefficiency of knowledge acquisition；4th, room rate entirety tendency in region can not be showed, be unfavorable for user
Formulate dealing plan；5th, presented in the way of data and form, reading difficulty, the technique of expression is single；6th, it is few with user interaction, use
Family experience sense poor 7, using two-dimentional legend show that scene is dull.
The difficult point of room rate DEM generations is：
1. how fast and effeciently to obtain room rate data；
2. how to integrate different room rate datas of originating, vector quantization is carried out；
3. how to be screened to the rough error of room rate data, data cliff, hole and the projection in room rate data how are handled；
4. how to depict city outward appearance simultaneously in room rate DEM, traffic backbone, river how are handled, at square
Without room rate situation.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, distribution of the room rate in city is more effectively described, reduction understands analysis room rate
Difficulty, form new room rate reference model, the present invention proposes a kind of construction method of room rate numeral estimation model.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of construction method of room rate numeral estimation model, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
Step 1：Obtain house property information；
Step 2：Information to acquisition carries out data normalization and coordinate system conversion processing；
Step 3：Elimination of rough difference is carried out to the data after processing；
Step 4：Extract and screening room rate characteristic point；
Step 5：Generate in room rate T1N (TIN, Triangulated Irregular Network), TIN
Each summit of triangle have recorded the value of room rate；
Step 6：Interpolation of data and modification.TIN data are carried out with interpolation, generation room rate regular grid (regular grid, with
Lower abbreviation Grid), carry out data modifier, generation room rate DEM using known City Vector.
The room rate TIN that the present invention is used be it is a kind of by plane grid of the triangle as elementary cell, triangle each
Summit have recorded the value of room rate.Room rate TIN can effectively handle the problem of room rate data distribution is in disorder uneven.
Advantage of the invention is that：Many sources room rate information is introduced, to increase room rate data amount, makes model more accurate；To obtaining
The information taken is standardized, to solve the collision of variables that data source difference is produced；Detection of Gross Errors is carried out to data, with
The reliability of network house property data is improved, cliff, hole, projection is solved the problems, such as；With reference to city topographic base, room rate DEM is rejected
In be not present house property region, show city basic structure；Using automatic generation, it is to avoid allow user to input any additional letter
The tendency of room rate in breath, rapid expression certain area, to mitigate the operating burden of user when in use；Pass through three-dimension curved surface image
Earth's surface existing apartment valency changes, and shortens the reading time of user, improves the visual experience of user.
For more traditional room rate display form, room rate DEM is that a kind of information content is bigger, appeal is stronger, visual effect more
Outstanding, the three-dimensional room rate form of expression that interaction is more friendly.
Accompanying drawing and explanation
Fig. 1：For the flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2：For Wuhan City's house property initial data schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3：For Wuhan City's room rate Partial Feature point distribution schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4：For Wuhan City's room rate TIN schematic diagrames of the progressively interpolation data of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5：For the unmodified room rate DEM of embodiment of the present invention plane projection schematic diagram；
Fig. 6：For the unmodified room rate DEM schematic diagrames of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7：For the Wuhan City waters of the embodiment of the present invention, vegetation, traffic backbone vector data schematic diagram；
Fig. 8：For the Wuhan City room rate DEM of embodiment of the present invention plane projection schematic diagram；
Fig. 9：For Wuhan City's room rate DEM schematic diagrames of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail, it will be appreciated that implementation example described herein is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Below so that using the house property data instance of certain well-known website, displaying is second-hand based on many sources room rate information generation Wuhan City
Room rate DEM embodiment.See Fig. 1, a kind of construction method for room rate numeral estimation model that the present embodiment is provided, bag
Include following steps：
Step 1, acquisition house property information；
By taking certain well-known second-hand house business site as an example, using web crawlers, the second-hand flat price letter in Wuhan incity of creeping
Breath.House property data are represented by, wherein diFor room rate data point, address is house property address, psiFor room rate character string：
di(address, psi), i=1,2,3 ... m (1)
The house property website provides every square metre of flat price, and house property address, but does not provide the longitude and latitude of house property
Coordinate.If website provides house property coordinate, in addition it is also necessary to is recorded, and records the corresponding coordinate system of coordinate.
Room rate initial data such as Fig. 2 of acquisition.
Step 2：Information to acquisition carries out data normalization and coordinate system conversion processing；
Because data format of the room rate information from major house property websites, housing bureau has differences, also need to carry out data rule
Generalized.
For the room rate data gathered to step 1, due to for character string forms " xxxx members/m2", afterbody is removed first
Unit, is converted into numeric format " xxxx ".For the room rate data using not commensurate, unit conversion is carried out.
, it is necessary to be converted into phasor coordinate for the address date gathered to step 1.(1) data in have passed through
Such as down conversion：
di(address, psi)→di(xi`, yi`, pi), i=1,2,3 ... m (2)
The coordinate under coordinate system wherein where (x`, y`) expression search engine, piRepresent the room rate quantized.
Because coordinate source is different, therefore the data that the coordinate system residing for these coordinates may also be different, different to coordinate system,
Transform under unified plane coordinate system.
di(xi`, yi`, pi)→di(xi, yi, pi), i=1,2,3 ... m (3)
Wherein, (xi, yi) represent coordinate under unified geographic coordinate system.
Step 3：Elimination of rough difference is carried out to the data after processing；
In the room rate point that step 2 is standardized, also containing a number of rough error point.Now visited using Local Clustering analytic approach
Ell valency rough error.Circulate each di：Extract apart from diK nearest point, forms set D：
D={ di, dj (xj, yj, pj) | j=1,2,3 ... k } (4)
By element in D to small sequence, selection is wherein located at the room rate data p located end to end greatlysAnd peAs in initial clustering
The heart.Using K mean cluster algorithm, D is divided to for two class D1And D2.By local K mean cluster, d can be detectediWith room rate around
The correlation of point.Now the element number in two subclass should be greater than some value, to ensure room rate diIt is to connect on the interval
Point on continuous curve or curved surface, rather than acnode.
min{crad(D1), crad (D2) ＞ k/s, (s ＜ k) (5)
If local K mean cluster result, meets (5), then should retain room rate data point di, conversely, rejecting di。
Step 4：Extract and screening room rate characteristic point；
Before feature point extraction is carried out, due to same house simultaneously, it is understood that there may be many floors are sold, and are most probably caused
The near zone has multiple room rate values, unfavorable to feature point extraction, therefore first room rate data is filtered using radius wave filter
Ripple.One less filter radius r is set, will filter if the number of room rate data is more than threshold value n in filter footprint
All room rate data d in ripple deviceiCoordinate, room rate average, produce a new room rate data and replace.
Because characteristic point is all the obvious point of graded, therefore room rate data is screened using high-pass filter.Follow
Each d of ringi：Extract apart from diL nearest point, forms set L：
L={ di, dj(xj, yj, pj) | j=1,2,3 ... l } (6)
It is D (L) to take two less threshold epsilons and δ, L variance, is desired for E (L), if following formula is set up：
D (L) ＜ ε and | di- E (L) | ＜ δ (7)
Then selected set L represents the room rate of one group of fluctuation very little, now determines whether diWhether it is located at data set L's
Center.L extraneous polygon S is sought, if diInside S, then d is rejectedi, otherwise retain di。
By above step, the room rate information of some redundancies is removed, and the characteristic in room rate information is retained.
Wuhan City room rate Partial Feature point distribution such as Fig. 3.
Step 5：Each summit of triangle in generation room rate TIN, TIN have recorded the value of room rate；
Step 4 is simplified primary data, but the quantity of room rate data point is still huge.Additionally, due to using network
Reptile, room rate data real-time update has new data point to add at any time.Traditional TIN generation methods, such as recurrence growth method,
Convex closed hull shrinks hair, and by the generation of each triangle is directed to institute's pending processing point, time complexity is O (n2), it is uncomfortable
For room rate TIN generations.In order to quickly build TIN, room rate TIN is generated using data incremental algorithm.Algorithm flow is substantially
For following steps：
A. the extraneous rectangular extent of minimum of whole data area is extracted first, and in this, as simplest convex closed hull.
B. the rectangular extent of data area is subjected to grid partition by certain rule, in order to obtain more satisfactory comprehensive effect
Rate, can limit the data points that each grid unit averagely possesses.
C. according to data point di(x, y) coordinate set up the linear linked list of block index.
D. the convex closed hull of subdivision data area forms two super triangles, and all data points all one are scheduled on the two triangles
In the range of shape.
E. the data link table order set up according to c is toward inserting data point in d triangle.Find first comprising data point
Triangle, and then three summits of the point and triangle are connected, the simple subdivision triangle is three new triangles.
F. according to the sky circle characteristic of Delaunay triangles, newly-generated three triangles and its adjacent three are adjusted respectively
It is angular.Adjacent triangle is detected two-by-two, if including another triangle in the circumscribed circle of one of triangle
Three summit of the shape in addition to public vertex, then exchange common edge.
G. e-f is repeated until all room rate data points are inserted into room rate TIN.
Progressively Wuhan City room rate TIN such as Fig. 4 of interpolation data.
Step 6：Interpolation of data and modification.
TIN data are carried out with interpolation, generation room rate regular grid (regular grid, hereinafter referred to as Grid), using known
City Vector carry out data modifier, generation room rate DEM.
Room rate is discontinuous in itself, room rate TIN need to be carried out into grid, to form continuous threedimensional model.Three are used below
Angular linear interpolation carries out grid.
Arbitrary grid point dij(xij, yij, pij), i=1,2,3 ... m, j=1,2,3 ... n are at some triangle d1d2d3
On, its three summits are d1(x1, y1, p1)、d2(x2, y2, p2)、d3(x3, y3, p3), then any point dijRoom rate pijBy (8),
(9) provide：
pij=a0+a1xij+a2yij (8)
The grid points in all predetermined regions are traveled through, that is, generate room rate DEM.
Unmodified Wuhan City room rate DEM is as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6.
The present embodiment is through further carrying out modification room rate DEM；
Room rate DEM is modified, using vector data, room rate DEM is trimmed, the large area such as waters, greenery patches, square are excluded
DEM models without house property region, 0 is assigned by the grid room rate value in these regions.Wuhan City's vector data such as Fig. 7 for modification.
Selection wherein represents waters, vegetation, the figure layer of traffic backbone, now modifies room rate DEM for these attributes.
A. Coordinate Conversion, vector data is alignd with the plane coordinate system where room rate DEM；
B. Grid grids are traveled through, it is wherein any for given waters, greenery patches, square when running into the corresponding vector area of grid
When a kind of, the room rate of corresponding room rate DEM herein is assigned 0.
By above-mentioned, the collection of room rate data, integration, processing, the process of expression are completed, Wuhan City room rate DEM is generated
As shown in Figure 8, Figure 9.
The present embodiment uses Grid methods (grid method) as model display methods.Grid is one kind by square conduct
The plane grid of elementary cell, each square summit have recorded the value of room rate., can be visual by room rate model using Grid
Change.
It should be appreciated that the part that this specification is not elaborated belongs to prior art.
It should be appreciated that the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is more detailed, therefore it can not be considered to this
The limitation of invention patent protection scope, one of ordinary skill in the art is not departing from power of the present invention under the enlightenment of the present invention
Profit is required under protected ambit, can also be made replacement or be deformed, each fall within protection scope of the present invention, this hair
It is bright scope is claimed to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of construction method of room rate numeral estimation model, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Obtain house property information；
Step 2：Information to acquisition carries out data normalization and coordinate system conversion processing；
Step 3：Elimination of rough difference is carried out to the data after processing；
Step 4：Extract and screening room rate characteristic point；
Step 5：Each summit of triangle in generation room rate TIN, TIN have recorded the value of room rate；
Step 6：Interpolation of data and modification；
Data to TIN carry out interpolation, generate room rate regular grid, and data modifier, generation are carried out using known City Vector
Room rate DEM.
2. the construction method of room rate numeral estimation model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the specific reality of step 2
Now process is：
The room rate data gathered to step 1, its character string forms are " xxxx members/m2", afterbody unit is removed first, by its turn
It is changed to numeric format " xxxx "；For the room rate data using not commensurate, unit equivalent is carried out；
The address date gathered to step 1, is converted into phasor coordinate：
di(address,psi)→di(xi`,yi`,pi), i=1,2,3 ... m；
Wherein, wherein diFor room rate data point, address is house property address, psiFor room rate character string, (xi`,yi`) represent search
The coordinate under coordinate system where engine, piRepresent the room rate quantized；
The data different to coordinate system, are transformed under unified plane coordinate system：
di(xi`,yi`,pi)→di(xi,yi,pi), i=1,2,3 ... m；
Wherein, (xi,yi) represent coordinate under unified geographic coordinate system.
3. the construction method of room rate numeral estimation model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the specific reality of step 3
Now process is：Room rate rough error is detected using Local Clustering analytic approach, elimination of rough difference is carried out using K mean cluster algorithm.
4. the construction method of room rate numeral estimation model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the specific reality of step 4
Now include following sub-step：
Step 4.1：Room rate data is filtered using low pass radius wave filter；
One filter radius r is set, if the number of room rate data is more than threshold value n in filter footprint, by wave filter
Interior all room rate data diCoordinate, room rate average, produce a new room rate data and replace；
Step 4.2：Room rate data is screened using local high-pass filter；
Circulate each di：
Extract apart from diL nearest point, forms set L：
L={ di,dj(xj,yj,pj) | j=1,2,3 ... l }；
Wherein, (xj,yj) represent coordinate under unified geographic coordinate system, pjRepresent the room rate of j points values；
It is D (L) to take two less threshold epsilons and δ, L variance, is desired for E (L), if following formula is set up：
D(L)<εand|di-E(L)|<δ；
Then selected set L represents the room rate of one group of fluctuation very little, now determines whether diWhether data set L center is located at；
L extraneous polygon S is sought, if diInside S, then d is rejectedi, otherwise retain di。
5. the construction method of room rate numeral estimation model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that number is used in step 5
According to incremental algorithm generation room rate TIN.
6. the construction method of room rate numeral estimation model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Three are utilized in step 6
Angular linear interpolation, room rate numeral estimation model is converted to by room rate TIN；Implement including following sub-step：
Step 6.1：The extraneous rectangular extent of minimum of whole data area is extracted, and in this, as simplest convex closed hull；
Step 6.2：The rectangular extent of data area is subjected to grid partition by certain rule；
Step 6.3：According to data point di(x, y) coordinate set up the linear linked list of block index；
Step 6.4：Convex closed hull two super triangles of formation of subdivision data area, all data points are in the two triangles
In the range of；
Step 6.5：The data link table order set up according to step 6.3 is toward inserting data point in the triangle of step 6.4；Look for first
To the triangle comprising data point, and then three summits of the point and triangle are connected, the simple subdivision triangle is three new
Triangle；
Step 6.6：According to the sky circle characteristic of Delaunay triangles, newly-generated three triangles are adjusted respectively and its adjacent
Triangle；Adjacent triangle is detected two-by-two, if include in the circumscribed circle of one of triangle another three
Angular the 3rd summit in addition to public vertex, then exchange common edge；
Step 6.6：Repeat step 6.5- steps 6.6 are until all room rate data points are inserted into room rate numeral estimation model
In.
7. the construction method of the room rate numeral estimation model according to claim 1-6 any one, it is characterised in that：Generation
After room rate numeral estimation model, using vector data, room rate numeral estimation model is trimmed, large area is excluded without house property area
Domain, while assigning digital room rate model basic appearance, enables digital room rate model to express lineament；The large area is without house property
Region includes waters, greenery patches, square；The digital basic appearance of room rate model includes the landforms that can not be built.
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| CN102103202B (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2013-01-09 | 武汉大学 | Semi-supervised classification method for airborne laser radar data fusing images |
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| CN109840338B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2023-04-25 | 南京国图信息产业有限公司 | Three-dimensional building model construction method applied to three-dimensional real estate information management |
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