CN107082624A - 一种长石质强化骨瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种长石质强化骨瓷的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B zirconium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种长石质强化骨瓷的制备方法，采用矿物原料及化工原料,其坯料和釉料配方的重量百分比组成为：坯料：湖南钠长石21%、江西钾长石9%、广东洗泥17%、江西洗泥18%、贺州原矿13%、河北增塑泥4%、龙岩原矿12%、磷酸锆4%、钼酸铵1%、氧化钇1%；釉料：湖南钠长石23%、江西钾长石20%、平江石英18%、烧滑石10%、烧龙岩土7%、烧氧化锌3%、贵州土6%、方解石13%；经过坯料和釉料制备、成型、施釉、干燥、中温烧成获得制品，其烧成时间为7～9h，最高烧成温度为1260～1290℃，获得烧成温度宽、产品光泽度高、热稳定性能好、硬度高的强化骨瓷，因此具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机非金属材料（陶瓷）领域，具体涉及一种长石质强化骨瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
骨质瓷长期以来一直是各国贵族用瓷，是目前世界上公认的高档瓷种。因其“薄如纸、透如镜、声如磬、白如玉”，瓷质细腻通透，器型美观典雅，彩面润泽光亮，花面多姿多彩的特点，成就了它洁白的质地和华贵的造型，兼有使用和艺术的双重价值，历史上是宫廷专用品和贵族收藏之珍品，是权力和地位的象征，号称“瓷器之王” ，被称为“绿色环保健康陶瓷”。骨质瓷以其高质量、高格调、高品位成为各大星级宾馆、百货超市、豪富家庭的必选用瓷，更是馈赠亲友的最佳礼品，骨质瓷已一跃成为国内高档瓷消费的主导。但骨质瓷与传统的高温瓷相比也有他的缺点，一是烧成温度范围窄，产品在烧制过程中容易产生变形、气泡、流釉的缺陷；二是热稳定性相对较差，骤冷骤热使用时，产品容易发生炸裂；三是制品的强度还不能达到洗碗机的使用要求。因此研究发明一种具有骨质瓷优点，而且瓷体通透、釉面光泽度高、热稳定性好、强度高的长石质强化骨瓷就具有非常大的现实意义。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种烧成温度宽、产品光泽度高、热稳定性能好、强度高的长石质强化骨瓷的制备方法。
为解决以上技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种长石质强化骨瓷的制备方法，采用矿物原料及化工原料, 其坯料和釉料配方的重量百分比组成为：
坯料：湖南钠长石21%、江西钾长石9%、广东洗泥17%、江西洗泥18%、贺州原矿13%、河北增塑泥4%、龙岩原矿12%、磷酸锆4%、钼酸铵1%、氧化钇1%；
釉料：湖南钠长石23%、江西钾长石20%、平江石英18%、烧滑石10%、烧龙岩土7%、烧氧化锌3%、贵州土6%、方解石13%；
经过坯料和釉料制备、成型、施釉、干燥、烧成获得制品，其烧成时间为7～9h，最高烧成温度为1260～1290℃。
所述釉料原料中烧滑石、烧龙岩土、烧氧化锌的煅烧温度为1320℃。
所述坯料制备工序为：按坯料配方称量原料合均匀，然后装入球磨设备内按料：球：水=1:1.5:1的比例球磨15小时，泥浆出磨细度为250目，筛余0.1%，出磨泥浆分别经120目、180目、200目筛3次除铁，然后陈腐7天以上，再真空练泥3次备用。
所述釉料制备工序为：按釉料配方称量原料合均匀，然后装入球磨设备内按料：球：水=1:2:0.5的比例球磨22小时，釉浆出磨细度为250目，万孔筛余0.01%，出磨釉浆分别过180目、200目、250目筛3次除铁后备用。
所述施釉工序为：所述釉浆浓度控制为52Be，在含水率为2%以下坯料上先施内釉，然后施外釉，所述坯体施外釉前需再次进烘房干燥4小时。
所述获得制品的热稳定性为180～20℃，一次未裂；获得制品的吸水率0.3%以下，釉面光泽度为大于80。
所述中温烧成过程中采用正负压交叉烧制工艺，其烧成制度为：室温至800～950℃，升温速率3～4℃/min，并在800～950℃保温30 min，此过程中窑内处于正压状态；窑内温度从800～950℃至1080～1130℃，升温速率1.5～2℃/min，此过程中窑内处于负压状态；窑内温度从1080～1130℃至1260～1290℃，升温速率3～5℃/min保温40min，此过程中窑内处于正压状态；最后窑炉熄火，自然冷却至室温。
所述坯料和釉料中矿物原料的化学组成为：
本发明通过控制原料的颗粒度，添加磷酸锆作为分相剂在坯与釉之间产生中间层以提高坯体的热稳定性和强度，钼酸铵作为结晶剂提高坯体中莫来石的数量，通过添加氧化钇作为限晶剂用于填补晶粒及缺陷，生成能阻碍坯体游离石英继续生长的膜，从而降低坯体的膨胀系数；并通过正负压交叉烧成技术很好的提高了瓷体的通透、釉面的光泽度，因此具有广阔的市场前景。
具体实施方式
实施列一：
一种长石质强化骨瓷的制备方法，采用矿物原料及化工原料, 其坯料和釉料配方的重量百分比组成为：
坯料：湖南钠长石21%、江西钾长石9%、广东洗泥17%、江西洗泥18%、贺州原矿13%、河北增塑泥4%、龙岩原矿12%、磷酸锆4%、钼酸铵1%、氧化钇1%；
釉料：湖南钠长石23%、江西钾长石20%、平江石英18%、烧滑石10%、烧龙岩土7%、烧氧化锌3%、贵州土6%、方解石13%；
经过坯料和釉料制备、成型、施釉、干燥、中温烧成获得制品，其烧成时间为7h，最高烧成温度为1260℃。
所述釉料原料中烧滑石、烧龙岩土、烧氧化锌的煅烧温度为1320℃。
所述坯料制备工序为：按坯料配方称量原料合均匀，然后装入球磨设备内按料：球：水=1:1.5:1的比例球磨15小时，泥浆出磨细度为250目，筛余0.1%，出磨泥浆分别经120目、180目、200目筛3次除铁，然后陈腐7天以上，再真空练泥3次备用。
所述釉料制备工序为：按釉料配方称量原料合均匀，然后装入球磨设备内按料：球：水=1:2:0.5的比例球磨22小时，釉浆出磨细度为250目，万孔筛余0.01%，出磨釉浆分别过180目、200目、250目筛3次除铁后备用。
所述施釉工序为：所述釉浆浓度控制为52Be，在含水率为2%以下坯料上先喷内釉，然后浸外釉，所述坯体施外釉前需再次进烘房干燥4小时。
所述获得制品的热稳定性为180～20℃，一次未裂；获得制品的吸水率为0.25%，釉面光泽度为82。
所述中温烧成过程中采用正负压交叉烧制工艺，其烧成制度为：室温至810℃，升温速率3℃/min，并在810℃保温20 min，此过程中窑内处于正压状态；窑内温度从810℃至1100℃，升温速率1.6℃/min，此过程中窑内处于负压状态；窑内温度从1100℃至1260℃，升温速率3℃/min保温40min，此过程中窑内处于正压状态；最后窑炉熄火，自然冷却至室温。
实施列二：
一种长石质强化骨瓷的制备方法，采用矿物原料及化工原料, 其坯料和釉料配方的重量百分比组成为：
坯料：湖南钠长石21%、江西钾长石9%、广东洗泥17%、江西洗泥18%、贺州原矿13%、河北增塑泥4%、龙岩原矿12%、磷酸锆4%、钼酸铵1%、氧化钇1%；
釉料：湖南钠长石23%、江西钾长石20%、平江石英18%、烧滑石10%、烧龙岩土7%、烧氧化锌3%、贵州土6%、方解石13%；
经过坯料和釉料制备、成型、施釉、干燥、中温烧成获得制品，其烧成时间为7h，最高烧成温度为1270℃。
所述釉料原料中烧滑石、烧龙岩土、烧氧化锌的煅烧温度为1320℃。
所述坯料制备工序为：按坯料配方称量原料合均匀，然后装入球磨设备内按料：球：水=1:1.5:1的比例球磨15小时，泥浆出磨细度为250目，筛余0.1%，出磨泥浆分别经120目、180目、200目筛3次除铁，然后陈腐7天以上，再真空练泥3次备用。
所述釉料制备工序为：按釉料配方称量原料合均匀，然后装入球磨设备内按料：球：水=1:2:0.5的比例球磨22小时，釉浆出磨细度为250目，万孔筛余0.01%，出磨釉浆分别过180目、200目、250目筛3次除铁后备用。
所述施釉工序为：所述釉浆浓度控制为52Be，在含水率为2%以下坯料上先喷内釉，然后浸外釉，所述坯体施外釉前需再次进烘房干燥4小时。
所述获得制品的热稳定性为180～20℃，一次未裂；获得制品的吸水率为0.2%，釉面光泽度为85。
所述中温烧成过程中采用正负压交叉烧制工艺，其烧成制度为：室温至910℃，升温速率4℃/min，并在910℃保温30 min，此过程中窑内处于正压状态；窑内温度从910℃至1120℃，升温速率1.8℃/min，此过程中窑内处于负压状态；窑内温度从1120℃至1280℃，升温速率4℃/min保温40min，此过程中窑内处于正压状态；最后窑炉熄火，自然冷却至室温。
Claims (7)
1.一种长石质强化骨瓷的制备方法，采用矿物原料及化工原料, 其坯料和釉料配方的重量百分比组成为：
坯料：湖南钠长石21%、江西钾长石9%、广东洗泥17%、江西洗泥18%、贺州原矿13%、河北增塑泥4%、龙岩原矿12%、磷酸锆4%、钼酸铵1%、氧化钇1%；
釉料：湖南钠长石23%、江西钾长石20%、平江石英18%、烧滑石10%、烧龙岩土7%、烧氧化锌3%、贵州土6%、方解石13%；
经过坯料和釉料制备、成型、施釉、干燥、烧成获得制品，其烧成时间为7～9h，最高烧成温度为1260～1290℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述釉料原料中烧滑石、烧龙岩土、烧氧化锌的煅烧温度为1320℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述坯料制备工序为：按坯料配方称量原料合均匀，然后装入球磨设备内按料：球：水=1:1.5:1的比例球磨15小时，泥浆出磨细度为250目，筛余0.1%，出磨泥浆分别经120目、180目、200目筛3次除铁，然后陈腐7天以上，再真空练泥3次备用。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述釉料制备工序为：按釉料配方称量原料合均匀，然后装入球磨设备内按料：球：水=1:2:0.5的比例球磨22小时，釉浆出磨细度为250目，万孔筛余0.01%，出磨釉浆分别过180目、200目、250目筛3次除铁后备用。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述施釉工序为：所述釉浆浓度控制为52Be，在含水率为2%以下坯料上先施内釉，然后施外釉，所述坯体施外釉前需再次进烘房干燥4小时。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述获得制品的热稳定性为180～20℃，一次未裂；获得制品的吸水率0.3%以下，釉面光泽度为大于80。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述中温烧成过程中采用正负压交叉烧制工艺，其烧成制度为：室温至800～950℃，升温速率3～4℃/min，并在800～950℃保温30 min，此过程中窑内处于正压状态；窑内温度从800～950℃至1080～1130℃，升温速率1.5～2℃/min，此过程中窑内处于负压状态；窑内温度从1080～1130℃至1260～1290℃，升温速率3～5℃/min保温40min，此过程中窑内处于正压状态；最后窑炉熄火，自然冷却至室温。
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