CN1070791C - Dual face friction wedge - Google Patents
Dual face friction wedge Download PDFInfo
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- CN1070791C CN1070791C CN95115528A CN95115528A CN1070791C CN 1070791 C CN1070791 C CN 1070791C CN 95115528 A CN95115528 A CN 95115528A CN 95115528 A CN95115528 A CN 95115528A CN 1070791 C CN1070791 C CN 1070791C
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- wedge
- bolster
- drag
- base portion
- side frame
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a friction wedge which is used for damping the relative movement between a bogie bolster and a side frame of a railway vehicle. The wedge comprises a main body which can be put into one groove of a bolster and a side frame. The main body has main body parts which are connected and separated by intermediate connection parts. Each main body part has a friction surface which frictionally contacts the antiwear surface of the other one of the bolster and the side frame when in normal use. The separated friction surfaces of the wedge effectively increase the resistance to the warping movement of the bolster / the side frame on the basis that the widths are equal to those of the continuous friction surfaces of the external distances of all the separated friction surfaces.
Description
The present invention relates to dual face friction wedge.
The ability of the power of on-right angle shape was done in opposing when the warping constraint of bogies for railway vehicles was the bogie truck turning.The moment of doing into on-right angle shape be by between the high rotary resistance between bogie truck and the car body and wheel and the rail vertically forward the loss of peristaltic forces cause.Increase intermediate plate and stable contact side bearing place's bogie truck and the friction between the car body, make the lane that is added on the bogie truck become the moment of on-right angle shape to increase, and reduce friction and reduced peristaltic forces longitudinally because wheel/rail is lubricated, help to make bogie truck to rotate radian, require in bogie truck itself, to have higher warping constraint like this.General trend is to use stablizes the contact side bearing so that high circuitous driving ability is arranged and lubricated to reduce wheel rim and rail wear between foreign steamer and/or cambered rail.The two is tending towards, and warping constraint further increases in the requirement roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar.Its keeps square when bogie truck is suitably turned, preceding wheels acceptable shock angle and acceptable between wheel and rail the ratio of side force/vertical power (L/V) turn to and pass through camber.When the shock angle that surpasses acceptance and the ratio of L/V power, very easy overstepping the limit.But, when because foreign steamer/rail is lubricated, the bogie truck warping constraint by high rotary resistance and vertically peristaltic forces loss and overwhelm, the bogie frame square destroys, take turns in the towing of the foreign steamer of wheels before causing, cause the ratio of unacceptable shock angle and the L/V power between wheel and rail.Have 125 tons of roller bearing adapter stabilizer bars that use under its situation of four stable contact side shaft devices at double-deck connexion the anti-straight tangible destruction of roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar has been proposed maximum challenge.
For solving the crooked technical measures that turn to problem that produce of rail are a kind of so-called radial steerings, wherein enough low to vertical restriction of wheels, and restricting enough height, the side direction between wheels make wheels that the radial structure with respect to bogie truck curvature can be arranged.But owing to once suspend, the high side direction restriction that requires between the radial steering design-calculated wheels requires wheels to interconnect so that the stability and the stable braking of circuitous driving are at a high speed arranged.Laterally connect and cause initial cost height, for this reason, on railway, be not inclined to and use radial steering.The practice of industrial now is to increase the restriction of the warpage of bogie truck it keeps substantial right-angle structure when turning with box lunch.Warping constraint is made of the warp stiffness and the warpage friction drag sum of bogie truck assembly self.The restriction of increase warpage provides most realistic technical scheme to the design of roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar.The single-piece framework bogie truck of known rigidity is not a good technical scheme in the North America to roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar, but the desirable technical scheme consistent with the economy of railway goods traffic is to allow that bogie frame has the warping movement of suitable degree to make anti-buckling force high as far as possible so that higher high-speed stability is arranged simultaneously.
Prior art has some schemes that increase warping rigidity.By assignee of the present invention's US3,714,905, and US4244298 and US2458210 etc. disclose the notion that separately suppresses the drag wedge of the relative motion between bolster and the body side frame.By drag wedge being separated into two independently voussoirs, respectively have the spring of oneself, have bigger warpage drag, but the problem that this structure produces is more than the problem of its solution.Specifically, each each side of holding at bolster is used two drag wedges that separate, and respectively has the spring of oneself, and a kind of damping system is provided, wherein work as it and should be in permanent square position, possibility bolster and body side frame can be in a permanent on-right angle shaped position at least.Because each drag wedge has its own spring, one or more wedges may occupy certain location at cavity, may not have enough power release drag wedges, causes the on-right angle position.This may be when beginning to build or owing to the irregular of track in use taken place.One when causing this on-right angle position.The defective of each track is diverted frame and runs into it is enlarged, and the square of bogie truck can become bogie truck and destroys as a result.
When bogie truck damaged, test showed that the degree of (general part second) warpage in a flash is quite high, and in fact brake rod collides wheel rim, causes that wheel moment ground slides on rail rather than rotation.This slip causes the hot spot on the wheel, causes " cracked " or " peeling off ".On hot spot, form martensitic structure, can cause the part of wheel face cracked or crackle in wheel, occurs like this." cracked " of wheel or " peeling off " are the one of the main reasons of wanting change of wheels in the roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar.The result of undue warpage damages bogie truck between the bolster of roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar and body side frame, may damage wheel, finally causes derailing.
The ability that the power of frame antagonism on-right angleization is taken out in the warpage restrained force of bogie truck or commentaries on classics is that the warpage that suspends friction moment and rigidity are formed by the friction of axle journal warpage.Axle journal warpage friction moment is to the frictional resistance that pivots motion between wheel shaft and the body side frame (wherein body side frame is placed on the journal bearing).The frictional resistance of the warpage that the warpage that suspends friction moment is brought by actv. damping system between bolster and body side frame.The warping rigidity that suspends is the rigidity drag of warpage that the spring in the suspension system in the opening that bolster is bearing in the body side frame window is brought.Axle journal warpage friction moment is obtained by the weight and the pedestal constant of every axle journal.Because the weight of every axle journal is by the weight decision of lorry, this can not make the warpage drag of itself that the aspect of improvement is arranged.The warpage that suspends drag (or the warpage friction moment that the suspends) width that constant multiply by drag wedge that equals to suspend multiply by supporting power (is unit with the pound) divided by the steering framing wheel distance.To certain lorry, the steering framing wheel distance is certain.Though the power that can provide by the spring of bearing friction wedge increases supporting power, and a upper limit is arranged, be exactly that supporting power is high to bogie truck is pinned, eliminated the buffer action that suspends of the relative motion of body side frame bolster.Very clear, making the aspect that itself can increase the warpage drag is the width of drag wedge.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of drag wedge that damping is carried out in the bolster and the relative motion between the body side frame of rolling stock, this drag wedge has improved the warpage restrained force of common three formula bogie trucks and has not had the shortcoming of the drag wedge of prior art.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of drag wedge, be used for damping is carried out in the bolster and the relative motion between the body side frame of rolling stock, described wedge comprises a main body, make the cavity that to put into one of bolster and body side frame, it is characterized in that described main body has by the middle interconnecting piece branch is linked to be the base portion that single-piece separates, each described base portion that separates have friction face when being formed in normal the use can with another abrasion performance face wipe contact in described bolster and the body side frame.
The invention provides the advantage of two drag wedge notions, and two shortcomings that drag wedge is intrinsic of one or two spring-loaded of no use.In the present invention, the mono-drag wedge by mono-coaxial springs assembly supporting is arranged, but drag wedge has two friction faces that separate, they contact with body side frame abrasion performance face load.The present invention will be in conjunction with the explanation of roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar, and wherein wedge is put in the bolster cavity, and leans against on the abrasion performance face of post of body side frame.The present invention can be used in the bogie truck design, and wherein cavity is located in the body side frame, and the abrasion performance face is located on the bolster.
The present invention uses the drag wedge with common width, and this width depends on the design of bogie truck and the type of the lorry that bogie truck will support.The wedge of common width is made into to make it to have the continuous friction face that two friction faces that separate replace passing its width.Providing the effect of a groove at the medium position of the friction face of wedge is to redistribute opposing to hold and dye and the pivotally supported power of body side frame spaced winding.In a common wedge (it is continuous along friction face), the distribution of the power of process friction face is rectilinear.By removing the centre portion of friction face, the centre portion of load is redistributed, and a part of load is added to away from the position of rotating between bolster and the body side frame, and another part is added to the position near turning cylinder.The long and is to pass through the resistance basis to rotating that provides under the continuous situation of its width at friction face raising is arranged again.
Describe the present invention in detail below by drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the scheme drawing of roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar, applies power thereon when normal operation is shown;
Fig. 2 is the scheme drawing of the relation between bolster cavity, drag wedge and the side frame trestle friction plate in the common three formula bogie trucks of expression;
Fig. 3 illustrates the scheme drawing that power that bolster in the common bogie truck shown in Figure 2 and the rotational motion between the body side frame cause distributes;
Fig. 4 is the scheme drawing that the neutralization of bolster cavity faces toward the drag wedge of the present invention of side frame trestle friction plate that is placed on as the common bogie truck of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the scheme drawing of the power of similar Fig. 3, but the power on the wedge surface that is applied to drag wedge shown in Figure 4 is shown;
Fig. 6 is the lateral plan of cut-away section of the part of train wagons bogie truck;
Fig. 7 is the top view of bolster/body side frame structure of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the vertical cross section of bolster/body side frame structure of Fig. 6;
Fig. 9 is the transparent view of drag wedge of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the lateral plan of drag wedge;
Figure 11 is the left side view of the drag wedge of Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the right side view of the drag wedge of Figure 10;
Figure 13 is the top view of drag wedge;
Figure 14 is the backplan of drag wedge;
Figure 15 is the part lateral plan that the bolster cavity is shown;
Figure 16 is the backplan of bolster, support spring shown in broken lines and
Figure 17 is the section-drawing along 17-17 line among Figure 16.
Figure 1 illustrates turning to and warping moment of three formula roller bearing adapter stabilizer bars.Steering torque is because bogie truck is added to the vertical peristaltic forces on the wheel when turning round in opposite direction.The warping moment that bogie truck was added on the bogie truck when turning illustrates with arrow, and arrow illustrates because contacting of wheel and rail is added to the side force on the wheels in opposite direction.Warping moment has caused this relatively rotate of bolster and body side frame, and warping moment and steering torque equal rotating torque together, and it is to be used for rotating support the turning effort of the bogie truck of car body.The side bearing that this rotating torque is stabilized contact is bearing, the rotating torque of the relative car body of these bearing restriction bogie trucks.
Bogie truck warping constraint power, just the ability that contacts the bogie truck opposing on-right angle shape that forms of the friction resistant of bogie truck and car body is made up of the friction of axle journal warpage and the warpage friction moment that suspends.Axle journal warpage friction moment is to be placed on journal bearing at body side frame to be in the frictional resistance that pivots between wheel shaft and the body side frame.The warpage that suspends restriction is in bolster and this actv. damping system of body side frame and the warpage drag that suspends and bring.Axle journal warpage friction moment is made up of the weight and the pedestal constant of every axle journal.Because the weight of each axle journal is that this is not the zone to buckling resistance square sensitivity by the weight decision of lorry.The warping constraint power that the suspends constant that equals to suspend multiply by the drag wedge width to multiply by what be diverted that the frame wheelbase distributes again is the post power of unit with the pound.To certain lorry, the wheelbase of bogie truck is fixed.Though the power that provides by the spring that increases the bearing friction wedge can increase post power, there is a upper limit to be that post power is high and will pins and suspending property not in fact to bogie truck.The main aspect that increases the warpage restriction is the width of drag wedge.
Bolster is designated as 10 among Fig. 2, and the bolster cavity is designated as 12.Width is that the common drag wedge 14 of W is placed in the bolster cavity 12, and its supporting is facing to a side frame trestle abrasion performance plate 16 shown in the figure.The bolster that some A (X and Y-axis intersection point) representative requires and the square position of body side frame are the points that is produced relative rotation by these interelements that the side force that the wheel/rail contact applies causes.Can make body side frame around bolster motion (bolster generally is positioned at the middle part of body side frame) simultaneously when being applied to side force on the wheels, contain outer some A and by the some A of lining in each side of bolster.
The scheme drawing of the power of Fig. 3 illustrates owing to be added to the side direction of bogie truck and turning effort when turning by the distribution that is added in the load on the side frame trestle abrasion performance plate 16 around the rotational motion of an A by common drag wedge 14.Maximum torque around an A equals 0.33W
2Pc, W is the width of foundry goods (wedge) in the formula, and Pc is the load diffusion that strides across the friction width.
Picture in picture is separated drag wedge of the present invention is shown.The wedge 20 that is arranged in bolster cavity 12 has the same width W with wedge shown in Figure 2.Generally fluted (or space) 24 of face 22 of the wedge 20 that contacts with side frame trestle abrasion performance plate 16 at the middle part.The width of groove 24 generally equals the width of the neighbouring part of the face 22 that contacts with abrasion performance plate 16.In fact, the face 22 of wedge 20 is divided into three parts, and 1/3rd of outside and the inside contacts with abrasion performance plate 16 and middle(-)third does not contact.
Fig. 5 shows the distribution of the power of Fig. 3 drag wedge in the same mode of the distribution of the power of the wedge of Fig. 3 presentation graphs 2.P
DLoad diffusion on 2/3rds (just drag wedge in fact contact width) of the W that equals to distribute with the abrasion performance plate.Because the power that Fig. 2 drag wedge and Fig. 4 drag wedge apply is the same, as by shown in the scheme drawing of the power of Fig. 5, wedge shown in Figure 4 shows that around the summation of the warping moment that A is ordered moment equals 0.402W
2Pc, Pc is the load diffusion that strides across the width of Fig. 2 drag wedge in the formula.Provide around the moment of an A like this or be added to the increase about 20% of drag that lane on the bogie truck becomes the power of on-right angle shape.Actual increase to the warping movement drag is determined that by groove 24 real areas therefore size or the width by contact surface between drag wedge and wear palate determines.The result that groove 24 is set in the drag wedge 20 of foundry goods increases the drag wedge width effectively, has moved apart run-on point now because be added to the part load at friction surface middle part, has increased moment arm, thereby has increased the drag to warping movement.The present invention should not be limited to the wedge that friction face is divided into three 1/3rd.Say that in theory groove size is big more, and is also big more to the drag of warping movement.In fact, if the interval region of wipe contact is little, the unit pressure on the wedge is high more, and causing increases wearing and tearing and may divide.
Three common bogie trucks with bolster cavity and drag wedge of the present invention are shown in Fig. 6,7,8,15,16,17.Body side frame is designated as 26, and window 28 is arranged, and is wherein putting bolster 30.Bolster 30 is being supported by loading spring 32, as common.Wedge is designated as 34, and its damped spring 36 is supporting.Body side frame has a post abrasion performance plate 38, and it provides an abrasion performance face to drag wedge, as common.
Details at drag wedge Fig. 9 to 17 illustrate 34.Wedge comprises a single main body, has the base portion 40,42 of lateral spacing, and each several part has a friction face 44,46 respectively. Base portion 40,42 generally has the structure of common drag wedge, and the plane 44 that contacts with side frame trestle abrasion performance plate is wherein arranged, with the common oblique rear surface 48,50 (Figure 15) that contacts with the inclined wall part 49 of bolster cavity 51. Base portion 40,42 is interconnected by centre portion 52, the midfeather 56 that centre portion 52 has shelf 54 and makes progress.Whole foundry goods is an integral unit, it have in a single element, provide two be connected with each other between across friction face.The bottom side of shelf 54 provides the seat of wedge spring 36.
The space of extended forelock device 55 between the wall part 49 that tiltedly goes out from the bolster cavity is provided in the space between the base portion 40,42.The outside that a problem in the use of prior art drag wedge is a drag wedge is applied to the substantial wearing and tearing on the contiguous bolster cavity wall.A technical scheme that has proposed to address this problem in US4426934, its disclosed characteristics are the inside of a coiling plate protection bolster cavity.This does not bring economic benefit to railway.But, with the design of wedge of the present invention, can weld or cast out one and become the single-piece fixer with the bolster cavity, this fixer is at the spatial extension of base portion 40,42 centres, so the contacting and damage it of limiting friction wedge and outside bolster cavity wall.
Each base portion 40,42 has prone cone tank 58,60, and groove 58,60 cooperates with fritter 61 on the bolster cavity when making the bogie truck assembling, and drag wedge can be clipped in the cavity by loose loose ground.
In three common formula bogie trucks, wedge inserts from the bottom, and support spring is placed on below it then.In the present invention can not be like this, because the shelf 54 that provides bearing to damping spring 36 is overlapping with the area part around the bolster bottom of opening 63 at least, by this opening 63, damping spring 36 is through below the wedge.Shown in Fig. 7 and 16.Therefore, after bolster and body side frame assembling, can not install to wedge in the bolster cavity.In this structure, need before being put into the body side frame window, bolster not put into the bolster cavity to wedge.
The present invention can provide the advantage of drag wedge (disclosed as US3714905) separately, but it has avoided damping system, particularly uses the inherent defect of each the wedge element of elastic support that separates.Being provided with in the friction wedge surface of post abrasion performance plate generally is that the result of groove of medium position is the Effective width that has increased wedge, has so increased warping constraint, and all elements that keep three bogie trucks are in the dimensional characteristic of A.A.R regulation.
Though illustrate above and optimised form of the present invention has been described, should be understood that can be with going out many remodeling, conversion and change in the present invention's spirit scope.
Claims (9)
1. drag wedge, be used for damping is carried out in the bolster and the relative motion between the body side frame of rolling stock, described wedge comprises a main body, make the cavity that to put into one of bolster and body side frame, it is characterized in that described main body has by the middle interconnecting piece branch is linked to be the base portion that single-piece separates, each described base portion that separates have friction face when being formed in normal the use can with another abrasion performance face wipe contact in described bolster and the body side frame.
2. according to the drag wedge of claim 1, it is characterized in that the friction face of the described base portion that separates has basic equal widths.
3. according to the drag wedge of claim 1, it is characterized in that width that described middle interconnecting piece divides equals one width in the base portion at described interval substantially.
4. according to the drag wedge of claim 3, it is characterized in that the width of described middle interconnecting piece branch is identical with the width of the base portion at each described interval.
5. according to the drag wedge of claim 1, it is characterized in that described connecting bridge comprises a shelf, has a spring bearing housing on it.
6. according to the drag wedge of claim 1, it is characterized in that described base portion respectively has prone hold down groove, cooperate with bolster in the time of in the cavity of forelock at bolster.
7. according to the drag wedge of claim 1, it is characterized in that a face of described base portion is made and can be contacted with the face of bolster.
8. according to the drag wedge of claim 7, the face that it is characterized in that described base portion is a bevelled, contacts with the spaced portions of the face of similar bevelled bolster.
9. drag wedge according to Claim 8 is characterized in that between the base portion at the interval of described wedge one fixed space being arranged, and also has a fixer to extend outward into described fixed space from the skewed surface of described bolster.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95115528A CN1070791C (en) | 1995-08-10 | 1995-08-10 | Dual face friction wedge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95115528A CN1070791C (en) | 1995-08-10 | 1995-08-10 | Dual face friction wedge |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1142453A CN1142453A (en) | 1997-02-12 |
| CN1070791C true CN1070791C (en) | 2001-09-12 |
Family
ID=5080553
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95115528A Expired - Lifetime CN1070791C (en) | 1995-08-10 | 1995-08-10 | Dual face friction wedge |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1070791C (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100398371C (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2008-07-02 | Asf-基斯通公司 | Non-metallic insert for rail car bolster wedge |
| CN100404342C (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2008-07-23 | Asf-基斯通公司 | Three-piece motion control truck system |
| CN100430281C (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2008-11-05 | Asf-基斯通公司 | Multifunctional universal sideframe for railway trucks |
| CN1942355B (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2012-09-26 | Skf股份公司 | Railway bogie |
| CN108569306A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-25 | 阿母斯替德铁路公司 | Bogies for railway vehicles friction shoe |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114845922B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2024-07-26 | 全国钢车有限公司 | Railway vehicle bogie damper wedge fitting |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3805707A (en) * | 1972-07-18 | 1974-04-23 | Amsted Ind Inc | Railway truck snubbing indication arrangement |
| CN1008990B (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1990-08-01 | 钱姆伯林集团公司 | The adapter that the highway trailer train is used |
-
1995
- 1995-08-10 CN CN95115528A patent/CN1070791C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3805707A (en) * | 1972-07-18 | 1974-04-23 | Amsted Ind Inc | Railway truck snubbing indication arrangement |
| CN1008990B (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1990-08-01 | 钱姆伯林集团公司 | The adapter that the highway trailer train is used |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100404342C (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2008-07-23 | Asf-基斯通公司 | Three-piece motion control truck system |
| CN100430281C (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2008-11-05 | Asf-基斯通公司 | Multifunctional universal sideframe for railway trucks |
| CN1942355B (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2012-09-26 | Skf股份公司 | Railway bogie |
| CN100398371C (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2008-07-02 | Asf-基斯通公司 | Non-metallic insert for rail car bolster wedge |
| CN108569306A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-25 | 阿母斯替德铁路公司 | Bogies for railway vehicles friction shoe |
| US10597051B2 (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2020-03-24 | Amsted Rail Company, Inc. | Railway car truck friction shoe |
| CN108569306B (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2021-06-01 | 阿母斯替德铁路公司 | Friction shoe for railway vehicle bogie |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1142453A (en) | 1997-02-12 |
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