CN107062809A - A kind of drying means of timber - Google Patents
A kind of drying means of timber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107062809A CN107062809A CN201710451974.5A CN201710451974A CN107062809A CN 107062809 A CN107062809 A CN 107062809A CN 201710451974 A CN201710451974 A CN 201710451974A CN 107062809 A CN107062809 A CN 107062809A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- timber
- bulb temperature
- sheet material
- triethylamine trihydrofluoride
- mixed solution
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of drying means of timber, Steam explosion treatment is carried out before this, sawing is put into pressurized tank into the timber of sheet material, it is passed through after saturated vapor and heats and be incubated, then pressurized tank is pressurizeed using force (forcing) pump, after pressurization, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank repeats above step and is no less than 3 times；Then impregnation process is carried out：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, negative pressure state will be evacuated in tank body and is kept for a period of time, the mixed solution of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is filled into hermetically sealed can under the negative pressure state, by pressure rise in tank body and keep again, then removal pressure, and discharge the mixed solution of remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate, then negative pressure state will be evacuated in tank body and is kept for certain time, removal pressure；Finally it is dried, drying means of the invention improves the rate of drying of timber, reduces energy resource consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wood processing field, more particularly to a kind of drying means of timber.
Background technology
The drying of wood is the important process process before woodwork processing, is to ensure that the important prerequisite of wood-based product's quality, is led to
Cross and dry when the moisture content is less than fibre saturated point, can destroy the parasitic conditions of bacterium, worm, increase the corrosion resistance of timber
Can, the mechanical strength of timber is improved, improves timber processing characteristics, extends woodwork service life.
Contained moisture mainly has two kinds of forms in general timber, it is a kind of be present in lumen with space between cells from
By water, the increase and decrease of Free water only influences whether the weight of timber, but does not interfere with the property of timber in itself；It is for second
The absorption water adsorbed by cell membrane, absorption water is present in the microcapillary system of cell membrane composition, the change of this absorption water
Change, be not only only capable of influenceing the contraction and expansion of timber, can also influence the physical performance of timber, the general drying of wood is exactly mainly
Reduction absorption water, rather than reduce the composition of Free water.
For the timber of most of gas permeabilities and poor permeability, because the porous media of timber is uneven, moisture content ladder
Degree is larger so that drying stress is larger, and the moisture in timber during drying is difficult to be moved, traditional drying means
It is to change to make moisture move out timber in the water vapour difference of wood internal formation or by diffusion using high/low temperature, but temperature is low
The vapour pressure partial pressure formed is small, and the moisture in timber is almost into liquid state presence, it is difficult to get through the line of occlusion
Hole or occlusion conduit be moved, even if part moisture has moved out timber, can also make the porous media of timber in itself and
Gradient is uneven, so as to easily make timber craze and transfiguration in use.It is therefore desirable to which long time could be dry
To required whole moisture content target.And arid cycle is also long, not only took but also consumed energy, so before the drying, entering to timber
Row pretreatment, improves its gas permeability, gets through the passage of water of wood internal, to shortening drying time, and reducing seasoning defect drying defect has
Significance.
Cellulose has the hydroxyl on the ability of adsorbed water molecule, cellulose noncrystalline domain inner cellulose strand, there is one
Part forms hydrogen bond, and another part is in free state, and free hydroxyl is polar group, easy adsorbed water molecule and forms hydrogen
Bond is closed.The size of cellulose moisture sorption ability depends on the ratio shared by noncrystalline domain, and noncrystalline domain proportion is bigger, moisture absorption
Ability is stronger.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of drying means of timber, by steaming
Vapour explosion treatment improves the gas permeability of wood internal, then improves the hygroscopicity of cell membrane by impregnation process, is then risen again
Temperature is dried, and is improved the rate of drying of timber, is reduced energy resource consumption.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of drying means of timber, its feature exists
In：Comprise the following specific steps that：
Step 1: Steam explosion treatment：High pressure demolition set includes pressurized tank, steam generator and force (forcing) pump, by sawing
Timber into sheet material is put into pressurized tank, is passed through after saturated vapor and is heated to 60-90 DEG C, is incubated 1-3h, is then utilized force (forcing) pump
Pressurized tank is pressurizeed, is forced into after 0.5-2MPa, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank repeats above step and is no less than
3 times；
Step 2: impregnation process：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, will be evacuated in tank body
0.08-0.1MPa negative pressure states, keep 10-30min, by triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate under the negative pressure state
Mixed solution fill hermetically sealed can, then pressure in tank body is risen into 0.5-1MPa, keeps 3-5h, make triethylamine trihydrofluoride and
The mixed solution of ammonium hexafluorophosphate is penetrated into sheet material internal capillary, removal pressure, and by remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and six
The mixed solution discharge of fluorophosphoric acid ammonium, then 0.08-0.1MPa negative pressure states will be evacuated in tank body, keep 12-24h, removal
Pressure；
Step 3: heating：Sheet material after impregnation process is put into dry kiln, medium state is 30-33 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature,
Wet-bulb temperature is 30-33 DEG C, processing time 12-24h；
Step 4: insulation：Medium state is 33-36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 33-36 DEG C, processing time 12-
24h；
Step 5: drying：Medium state is 42-45 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 40-43 DEG C, processing time 24-
36h；
Step 6: cooling：Medium state is 36-38 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36-38 DEG C, processing time 12-
24h。
The technical program first passes through Steam explosion treatment so that the passage of water of wood internal is got through, and improves in timber
The gas permeability in portion, enhances the permeability of moisture, is conducive to the moisture of wood internal in drying process to be migrated to outside so that wood
The inside and outside moisture gradient of material is unlikely excessive, reduces the stress in drying process, reduces seasoning defect drying defect, while plus
The fast arid cycle of timber.
Because the cellulose and hemicellulose in wood cell wall have the ability of adsorbed water molecule, cellulose noncrystalline domain
Hydroxyl on inner cellulose strand, some forms hydrogen bond, and another part is in free state, and free hydroxyl is polarity
Group, easy adsorbed water molecule and form Hydrogenbond, the size of cellulose moisture sorption ability depends on the ratio shared by noncrystalline domain
Example, noncrystalline domain proportion is bigger, and wettability power is stronger, because hemicellulose can not form crystal region, hydrone easily enters
Enter, so the water imbibition and swollen degree of hemicellulose are higher than cellulose, after Steam explosion treatment, noncrystalline domain proportion
Corresponding to reduce, the adsorption capacity to hydrone also can accordingly reduce, at the same in timber cellulose and hemicellulose staggeredly in netted,
There are many spaces centre, and these spaces can contain moisture, can change cellulose in timber after Steam explosion treatment and exist
Network structure under nature, changes pore size, migrates absorption water.The present invention is in order to further reduce wood cell wall
In cellulose and hemicellulose to adsorbing the suction-operated of water, moisture is easier migration, with triethylamine trihydrofluoride and
The mixed solution of ammonium hexafluorophosphate has carried out impregnation process to timber, after H and X, Y shape are into X-H ... Y hydrogen bonds, the power of hydrogen bond
Relevant with X and Y electronegativity, X and Y electronegativity are bigger, then the hydrogen bond formed is stronger, the strong and weak radius also with X and Y of hydrogen bond
Size is relevant, and X and Y radius are smaller, and the hydrogen bond of formation is stronger.
Ion is ionized in the mixed solution of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate, amorphous region can be penetrated, arrived
Up to crystal region outer surface, by destroying the Hydrogenbond between water and cellulose, occur the swollen in cellulose amorphous region, have
Permeated beneficial to further, the electronegativity of F atom is big in triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate, radius and small, Neng Gouyu
Hydroxyl forms more stable hydrogen bond on cellulose, so as to the hydrone adsorbed on cellulose be substituted, so as to reduce
Absorption of the hydroxyl to hydrone on cellulose, makes hydrone be easier to migrate from wood internal to outside.
After cellulose moisture sorption, volume increase is referred to as bulking, and volume diminishes during desorption, referred to as drying shrinkage, because hydrone can
Into noncrystalline domain or the surface of crystal region, the spacing of cellulose molecular chain is caused to increase or reduce, so as to occur bulking and dry
Contracting phenomenon, is handled timber by using the mixed solution of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate, can necessarily journey
The bulking and drying shrinkage phenomenon of timber are reduced on degree, makes the property of timber more stable.
As a further improvement on the present invention, before Steam explosion treatment is carried out, the moisture content of sheet material is adjusted to 22%-
33%.Different fibre saturation point moisture content are about between 22%-33%, and the present invention is found through experiments that quick-fried in progress steam
Broken before processing, the moisture content of sheet material is adjusted between 22%-33%, more preferable effect can be obtained, makes the permeability of timber
Improve notable.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the step one mesohigh demolition set also includes aspiration pump and heating is filled
Put, in the step one before saturated vapor is passed through, pressurized tank is first evacuated to internal pressure less than 0.05MPa, matter is injected
The sodium chloride solution that concentration is 30% is measured, 35-55 DEG C is then heated to, 1-3h is kept, pressure is drawn off, sodium chloride solution is discharged.
This processing procedure is in order to using the preferable thermal conductivity of sodium chloride solution that mass concentration is 30%, by timber heat
Thoroughly, increase wood internal space, be conducive to the entrance of water vapour, so as to improve the effect of Steam explosion treatment.
As a further improvement on the present invention, three in the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
The mass ratio of the hydrofluoride of ethamine three and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is 11:6-2：5, the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
Mixed solution mass concentration be 3%-7%.
The concentration of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is too big, and cellulose crystallite area part may be triggered molten
Solution, the more free hydroxyl groups of exposure, plays opposite effect, so of the invention by triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
Mixed solution mass concentration control in 3%-7%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, by triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate in the step 2
Mixed solution is filled after hermetically sealed can, and temperature in hermetically sealed can is risen into 38-55 DEG C.Rise temperature is conducive to triethylamine trihydrofluoride
With the mixed solution of ammonium hexafluorophosphate to the infiltration of wood internal, and three second in this temperature range are found through experiments that in the present invention
Improvement of the mixed solution of the hydrofluoride of amine three and ammonium hexafluorophosphate to cellulose moisture sorption is more preferable.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate also
Contain the methanol that mass fraction is 3%-5%.The methanol of this concentration range can strengthen triethylamine trihydrofluoride and hexafluoro phosphorus
The osmosis of the mixed solution of sour ammonium, improves the accessibility of cellulose hydroxyl group, is unlikely to destroy the crystal region of cellulose again.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in addition to step 7, the particular content of the step 7 is the back plate that will cool
Material is divulged information 12-24h at room temperature.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the disposing way of sheet material is in dry kiln：2-4 sheet materials are superimposed upon one
One group is played into, with parting bead that different groups of sheet material is apart from top to bottom, the stiker spacing of same layer is in 10-20cm, the parting bead of levels
In the vertical direction is staggered.
The drying means of the timber of the present invention, passes through Steam explosion treatment so that the passage of water of wood internal is got through,
Improve the gas permeability of wood internal, enhance the permeability of moisture, be conducive to the moisture of wood internal in drying process to outside
Migration so that wood internal and outside moisture gradient are unlikely excessive, reduce the stress in drying process, reduce drying
Defect, while accelerating the arid cycle of timber, after Steam explosion treatment, has carried out impregnation process, has improved cell membrane again
Hygroscopicity, make absorption water of the absorption on cell membrane be easier from the inside portion migration so that heating drying process in contain
Water rate gradient is unlikely excessive, reduce further the stress in drying process, reduces seasoning defect drying defect, improves the drying of timber
Speed, reduces energy resource consumption.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of drying means of timber, is comprised the following specific steps that：
Step 1: Steam explosion treatment：High pressure demolition set includes pressurized tank, steam generator and force (forcing) pump, by sawing
Timber into sheet material is put into pressurized tank, is passed through after saturated vapor and is heated to 60 DEG C, 1h is incubated, then using force (forcing) pump to pressure
Tank is pressurizeed, and is forced into after 0.5MPa, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank, repeats above step 3 times；
Step 2: impregnation process：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, will be evacuated in tank body
0.08MPa negative pressure states, keep 10min, by the mixing of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate under the negative pressure state
Solution fill in hermetically sealed can, the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate triethylamine trihydrofluoride and
The mass ratio of ammonium hexafluorophosphate is 11:6, the mass concentration of the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
For 3%, then pressure in tank body risen into 0.5-MPa, keep 3h, make the mixing of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate molten
Liquid is penetrated into sheet material internal capillary, removal pressure, and by remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and the mixed solution of ammonium hexafluorophosphate
Discharge, then 0.08MPa negative pressure states will be evacuated in tank body, keep 12h, removal pressure；
Step 3: heating：Sheet material after impregnation process is put into dry kiln, medium state is 30 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet
Ball temperature is 30 DEG C, processing time 12h, and the disposing way of sheet material is in dry kiln：3 sheet materials are superimposed into one
Group, with parting bead that different groups of sheet material is apart from top to bottom, the stiker spacing of same layer is in 15cm, and the parting bead of levels is in vertical direction
Alternate；
Step 4: insulation：Medium state is 33 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 33 DEG C, processing time 12h；
Step 5: drying：Medium state is 42 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 40 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 6: cooling：Medium state is 36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36 DEG C, processing time 12h.
Embodiment 2
A kind of drying means of timber, is comprised the following specific steps that：
Step 1: Steam explosion treatment：High pressure demolition set includes pressurized tank, steam generator and force (forcing) pump, by sawing
Timber into sheet material is put into pressurized tank, is passed through after saturated vapor and is heated to 80 DEG C, 2h is incubated, then using force (forcing) pump to pressure
Tank is pressurizeed, and is forced into after 1.5MPa, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank, repeats above step 4 times；
Step 2: impregnation process：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, will be evacuated in tank body
0.09MPa negative pressure states, keep 20min, by the mixing of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate under the negative pressure state
Solution fill in hermetically sealed can, the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate triethylamine trihydrofluoride and
The mass ratio of ammonium hexafluorophosphate is 4：5, the mass concentration of the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
For 5%, then pressure in tank body risen into 0.8MPa, keep 4h, make the mixing of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate molten
Liquid is penetrated into sheet material internal capillary, removal pressure, and by remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and the mixed solution of ammonium hexafluorophosphate
Discharge, then 0.09MPa negative pressure states will be evacuated in tank body, keep 18h, removal pressure；
Step 3: heating：Sheet material after impregnation process is put into dry kiln, medium state is 32 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet
Ball temperature is 32 DEG C, processing time 18h；
Step 4: insulation：Medium state is 34 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 34 DEG C, processing time 16h；
Step 5: drying：Medium state is 43 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 41 DEG C, processing time 30h；
Step 6: cooling：Medium state is 37 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 37 DEG C, processing time 16h.
Embodiment 3
A kind of drying means of timber, is comprised the following specific steps that：
Step 1: Steam explosion treatment：High pressure demolition set includes pressurized tank, steam generator and force (forcing) pump, by sawing
Timber into sheet material is put into pressurized tank, is passed through after saturated vapor and is heated to 90 DEG C, 3h is incubated, then using force (forcing) pump to pressure
Tank is pressurizeed, and is forced into after 2MPa, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank, repeats above step 5 times；
Step 2: impregnation process：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, will be evacuated in tank body
0.1MPa negative pressure states, keep 30min, under the negative pressure state that the mixing of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is molten
Liquid fills triethylamine trihydrofluoride and six in hermetically sealed can, the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
The mass ratio of fluorophosphoric acid ammonium is 2：5, the mass concentration of the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is
7%, then pressure in tank body is risen into 1MPa, 5h is kept, the mixed solution of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is oozed
Enter in sheet material internal capillary, removal pressure, and the mixed solution of remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate discharged,
0.1MPa negative pressure states will be evacuated in tank body again, 24h, removal pressure is kept；
Step 3: heating：Sheet material after impregnation process is put into dry kiln, medium state is 33 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet
Ball temperature is 33 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 4: insulation：Medium state is 36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 5: drying：Medium state is 45 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 43 DEG C, processing time 36h；
Step 6: cooling：Medium state is 38 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 38 DEG C, processing time 24h.
Embodiment 4
A kind of drying means of timber, is comprised the following specific steps that：
Before Steam explosion treatment is carried out, the moisture content of sheet material is adjusted to 22%-33%, that is, adjusted to fibre saturated point
Near, because this process is mainly the Free water lost, influence will not be produced on the property of sheet material, general ventilation can be used
Dry.
Step 1: Steam explosion treatment：High pressure demolition set includes pressurized tank, steam generator and force (forcing) pump, by sawing
Timber into sheet material is put into pressurized tank, is passed through after saturated vapor and is heated to 90 DEG C, 3h is incubated, then using force (forcing) pump to pressure
Tank is pressurizeed, and is forced into after 2MPa, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank, repeats above step 5 times；
Step 2: impregnation process：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, will be evacuated in tank body
0.1MPa negative pressure states, keep 30min, under the negative pressure state that the mixing of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is molten
Liquid fills triethylamine trihydrofluoride and six in hermetically sealed can, the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
The mass ratio of fluorophosphoric acid ammonium is 2：5, the mass concentration of the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is
7%, then pressure in tank body is risen into 1MPa, 5h is kept, the mixed solution of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is oozed
Enter in sheet material internal capillary, removal pressure, and the mixed solution of remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate discharged,
0.1MPa negative pressure states will be evacuated in tank body again, 24h, removal pressure is kept；
Step 3: heating：Sheet material after impregnation process is put into dry kiln, medium state is 33 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet
Ball temperature is 33 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 4: insulation：Medium state is 36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36 DEG C, processing time 24h；Step 5:
Dry：Medium state is 45 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 43 DEG C, processing time 36h；Step 6: cooling：Medium state is
38 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 38 DEG C, processing time 24h.
Embodiment 5
A kind of drying means of timber, is comprised the following specific steps that：
Step 1: Steam explosion treatment：High pressure demolition set include pressurized tank, steam generator, force (forcing) pump, aspiration pump and
Heater, sawing is put into pressurized tank into the timber of sheet material, and pressurized tank first is evacuated into internal pressure is less than
0.05MPa, implantation quality concentration is 30% sodium chloride solution, is then heated to 50 DEG C, keeps 1-3h, draws off pressure, is discharged
Sodium chloride solution, is passed through after saturated vapor and is heated to 90 DEG C, is incubated 3h, then pressurized tank is pressurizeed using force (forcing) pump, plus
It is depressed into after 2MPa, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank repeats above step 5 times；
Step 2: impregnation process：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, will be evacuated in tank body
0.1MPa negative pressure states, keep 30min, under the negative pressure state that the mixing of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is molten
Liquid fills triethylamine trihydrofluoride and six in hermetically sealed can, the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
The mass ratio of fluorophosphoric acid ammonium is 2：5, the mass concentration of the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is
7%, then pressure in tank body is risen into 1MPa, 5h is kept, the mixed solution of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is oozed
Enter in sheet material internal capillary, removal pressure, and the mixed solution of remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate discharged,
0.1MPa negative pressure states will be evacuated in tank body again, 24h, removal pressure is kept；
Step 3: heating：Sheet material after impregnation process is put into dry kiln, medium state is 33 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet
Ball temperature is 33 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 4: insulation：Medium state is 36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 5: drying：Medium state is 45 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 43 DEG C, processing time 36h；
Step 6: cooling：Medium state is 38 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 38 DEG C, processing time 24h.
Embodiment 6
A kind of drying means of timber, is comprised the following specific steps that：
Step 1: Steam explosion treatment：High pressure demolition set includes pressurized tank, steam generator and force (forcing) pump, by sawing
Timber into sheet material is put into pressurized tank, is passed through after saturated vapor and is heated to 90 DEG C, 3h is incubated, then using force (forcing) pump to pressure
Tank is pressurizeed, and is forced into after 2MPa, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank, repeats above step 5 times；
Step 2: impregnation process：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, will be evacuated in tank body
0.1MPa negative pressure states, keep 30min, under the negative pressure state that the mixing of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is molten
Liquid fills triethylamine trihydrofluoride and six in hermetically sealed can, the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
The mass ratio of fluorophosphoric acid ammonium is 2：5, the mass concentration of the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is
7%, temperature in hermetically sealed can is risen to 45 DEG C, then pressure in tank body is risen into 1MPa, keeps 5h, make triethylamine trihydrofluoride and
The mixed solution of ammonium hexafluorophosphate is penetrated into sheet material internal capillary, removal pressure, and by remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and six
The mixed solution discharge of fluorophosphoric acid ammonium, then 0.1MPa negative pressure states will be evacuated in tank body, keep 24h, removal pressure；
Step 3: heating：Sheet material after impregnation process is put into dry kiln, medium state is 33 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet
Ball temperature is 33 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 4: insulation：Medium state is 36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 5: drying：Medium state is 45 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 43 DEG C, processing time 36h；
Step 6: cooling：Medium state is 38 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 38 DEG C, processing time 24h.
Embodiment 7
A kind of drying means of timber, is comprised the following specific steps that：
Step 1: Steam explosion treatment：High pressure demolition set includes pressurized tank, steam generator and force (forcing) pump, by sawing
Timber into sheet material is put into pressurized tank, is passed through after saturated vapor and is heated to 90 DEG C, 3h is incubated, then using force (forcing) pump to pressure
Tank is pressurizeed, and is forced into after 2MPa, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank, repeats above step 5 times；
Step 2: impregnation process：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, will be evacuated in tank body
0.1MPa negative pressure states, keep 30min, under the negative pressure state that the mixing of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is molten
Liquid fills triethylamine trihydrofluoride and six in hermetically sealed can, the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
The mass ratio of fluorophosphoric acid ammonium is 2：5, the mass concentration of the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is
7%, the mass fraction also contained in the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is 4% methanol,
Pressure in tank body is risen into 1MPa again, 5h is kept, the mixed solution of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is penetrated into plate
In material internal capillary, removal pressure, and the mixed solution of remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is discharged, then will
0.1MPa negative pressure states are evacuated in tank body, 24h, removal pressure is kept；
Step 3: heating：Sheet material after impregnation process is put into dry kiln, medium state is 33 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet
Ball temperature is 33 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 4: insulation：Medium state is 36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 5: drying：Medium state is 45 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 43 DEG C, processing time 36h；
Step 6: cooling：Medium state is 38 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 38 DEG C, processing time 24h.
Embodiment 8
A kind of drying means of timber, is comprised the following specific steps that：
Step 1: Steam explosion treatment：High pressure demolition set includes pressurized tank, steam generator and force (forcing) pump, by sawing
Timber into sheet material is put into pressurized tank, is passed through after saturated vapor and is heated to 90 DEG C, 3h is incubated, then using force (forcing) pump to pressure
Tank is pressurizeed, and is forced into after 2MPa, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank, repeats above step 5 times；
Step 2: impregnation process：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, will be evacuated in tank body
0.1MPa negative pressure states, keep 30min, under the negative pressure state that the mixing of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is molten
Liquid fills triethylamine trihydrofluoride and six in hermetically sealed can, the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate
The mass ratio of fluorophosphoric acid ammonium is 2：5, the mass concentration of the mixed solution of the triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is
7%, then pressure in tank body is risen into 1MPa, 5h is kept, the mixed solution of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is oozed
Enter in sheet material internal capillary, removal pressure, and the mixed solution of remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate discharged,
0.1MPa negative pressure states will be evacuated in tank body again, 24h, removal pressure is kept；
Step 3: heating：Sheet material after impregnation process is put into dry kiln, medium state is 33 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet
Ball temperature is 33 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 4: insulation：Medium state is 36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36 DEG C, processing time 24h；
Step 5: drying：Medium state is 45 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 43 DEG C, processing time 36h；
Step 6: cooling：Medium state is 38 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 38 DEG C, processing time 24h.
Step 7: ventilation：Sheet material after cooling is divulged information 20h at room temperature.
Each embodiment drying regime：
| Project | Implosion rate % | Table splits rate % | Bending strength MPa |
| Embodiment 1 | 0 | 0.5 | 56.38 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0 | 0.3 | 57.62 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0 | 0.3 | 59.51 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0 | 0.4 | 59.34 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0 | 0.5 | 60.24 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0 | 0.2 | 62.57 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0 | 0.2 | 63.45 |
| Embodiment 8 | 0 | 0.3 | 57.52 |
Drying means using the present invention greatly shortens arid cycle, so as to save the energy, timber is in drying process
In seldom there is drying shrinkage, bending, wrinkle and the phenomenon such as collapse, through counting, the loss late of timber in the drying process is only 2.8%.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of drying means of timber, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following specific steps that：
Step 1: Steam explosion treatment：High pressure demolition set includes pressurized tank, steam generator and force (forcing) pump, by sawing into plate
The timber of material is put into pressurized tank, is passed through after saturated vapor and is heated to 60-90 DEG C, is incubated 1-3h, then using force (forcing) pump to pressure
Power tank is pressurizeed, and is forced into after 0.5-2MPa, the rapid relief valve opened on pressurized tank, is repeated above step and is no less than 3 times；
Step 2: impregnation process：Sheet material after Steam explosion treatment is put into hermetically sealed can, 0.08- will be evacuated in tank body
0.1MPa negative pressure states, keep 10-30min, by the mixed of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate under the negative pressure state
Close solution and fill hermetically sealed can, then pressure in tank body is risen into 0.5-1MPa, keep 3-5h, make triethylamine trihydrofluoride and hexafluoro
The mixed solution of ammonium phosphate is penetrated into sheet material internal capillary, removal pressure, and by remaining triethylamine trihydrofluoride and hexafluoro phosphorus
The mixed solution discharge of sour ammonium, then 0.08-0.1MPa negative pressure states will be evacuated in tank body, keep 12-24h, removal pressure；
Step 3: heating：Sheet material after impregnation process is put into dry kiln, medium state is 30-33 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet bulb
Temperature is 30-33 DEG C, processing time 12-24h；
Step 4: insulation：Medium state is 33-36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 33-36 DEG C, processing time 12-24h；
Step 5: drying：Medium state is 42-45 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 40-43 DEG C, processing time 24-36h；
Step 6: cooling：Medium state is 36-38 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36-38 DEG C, processing time 12-24h.
2. the drying means of timber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Before Steam explosion treatment is carried out, by plate
The moisture content of material is adjusted to 22%-33%.
3. the drying means of timber according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step one mesohigh demolition set is also
Including aspiration pump and heater, in the step one before saturated vapor is passed through, pressurized tank is first evacuated to internal pressure
Less than 0.05MPa, implantation quality concentration is 30% sodium chloride solution, is then heated to 35-55 DEG C, keeps 1-3h, draws off pressure
Power, discharges sodium chloride solution.
4. the drying means of timber according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The triethylamine trihydrofluoride and hexafluoro
The mass ratio of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is 11 in the mixed solution of ammonium phosphate:6-2：5, the triethylamine three
The mass concentration of the mixed solution of hydrofluoride and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is 3%-7%.
5. the drying means of timber according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：By the hydrogen of triethylamine three in the step 2
The mixed solution of fluorate and ammonium hexafluorophosphate is filled after hermetically sealed can, and temperature in hermetically sealed can is risen into 38-55 DEG C.
6. the drying means of timber according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The triethylamine trihydrofluoride and hexafluoro
Also containing the methanol that mass fraction is 3%-5% in the mixed solution of ammonium phosphate.
7. the drying means of the timber according to claim any one of 1-6, it is characterised in that：Also include step 7, it is described
The particular content of step 7 is that sheet material after cooling is divulged information 12-24h at room temperature.
8. the drying means of timber according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The disposing way of sheet material in dry kiln
For：2-4 sheet materials are superimposed into one group, with parting bead that different groups of sheet material is apart from top to bottom, the stiker spacing of same layer
In 10-20cm, the parting bead in the vertical direction of levels is staggered.
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| CN112352906A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-12 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Method for removing chlorine-containing pesticide residues in American ginseng |
| CN112497387A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-16 | 浙江优尼家装饰科技有限公司 | Mildew-proof treatment device and method for small bamboos |
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