CN107064304A - A kind of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device and method - Google Patents
A kind of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107064304A CN107064304A CN201710229099.6A CN201710229099A CN107064304A CN 107064304 A CN107064304 A CN 107064304A CN 201710229099 A CN201710229099 A CN 201710229099A CN 107064304 A CN107064304 A CN 107064304A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01B17/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01B17/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring thickness
- G01B17/025—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring thickness for measuring thickness of coating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/002—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity using variation of the resonant frequency of an element vibrating in contact with the material submitted to analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/02818—Density, viscosity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/02854—Length, thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices Characterised By Use Of Acoustic Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device and method, including signal analysis and processing module, mobile phone CPU, D/A converting circuit, power amplification circuit, duplexer, ultrasonic transducer, signal amplification circuit, D/A converting circuit.The present invention generates digital detection signal by mobile phone CPU, is converted into via D/A converting circuit after analog detection signal, then after power amplification circuit amplifies, driving ultrasonic transducer transmitting ultrasonic wave.After ultrasonic transducer transmitting ultrasonic wave, you can receive the detection signal of return, the detection signal of return, which is sequentially passed through, to be transmitted after signal amplification circuit and D/A converting circuit to mobile phone CPU.Wherein, the detection signal launched and returned is isolated by duplexer.The detection signal of return is transmitted to CPU, is carried out can obtain related fruit internal structural information after subsequent analysis calculating by signal analysis and processing module.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cannot-harm-detection device, it is related to a kind of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device and method.
Background technology
The quality of fruit determines its price, and different fruit have its each specific internal structure, and internal structure is also
Reflect an important evaluation meanses of fruit quality, such as peel thickness and pulp density.Ultrasonic wave is used as the lossless inspection of one kind
Survey means are widely used for medical treatment and industrial circle, the side such as flaw detection inside human organ structural characterization and the accurate original paper of industry
Face has obvious advantage.
With the continuous improvement of current smart mobile phone performance, the function of mobile phone has been not limited solely to the transmission of information,
More and more it has been integrated in closely bound up function of living among mobile phone.And at present not in corresponding mobile phone application
In be related to the detection of fruit structure.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the problem in that providing a kind of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device and method, carried out based on ultrasonic wave
The detection of fruit structure, and can be integrated among smart mobile phone.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device, including：
Processing unit 102 generates the digital detection signal based on pulse signal string, transmits it to the first digital-to-analogue conversion electricity
The digital detection signal of reception is converted to analog detection signal by road 103, the first D/A converting circuit 103, and by analog detection
Signal is transmitted to power amplification circuit 104；Power amplification circuit 104 by analog detection signal power amplification, and through isolation transmitting/
The duplexer 105 for receiving signal is transferred to ultrasonic transducer 106, and driving ultrasonic transducer 106 launches ultrasonic wave to fruit；
Ultrasonic transducer 106 also receives the detection signal for encountering fruit return, and will receive after transmitting ultrasonic wave
Detection signal transmitted by duplexer 105 to signal amplification circuit 107；Signal amplification circuit 107 amplifies the detection received
Signal, and transmit it to the second D/A converting circuit 108；Second D/A converting circuit 108 receives and gathers the inspection after amplification
Signal is surveyed, data signal, input to processing unit 102 is converted into；Processing unit 102 will detect that signal is sent to ultrasonic letter
Number analysis and processing module 101, after being analyzed and processed to detection signal, provides the structural information of detected fruit.
Described processing unit 102 is received after the instruction for starting detection, and the digital detection signal of generation is ultrasonic transducer
106 ultrasonic waves sent out provide waveform parameter；
The cannot-harm-detection device is integrated among smart mobile phone：
Described processing unit 102 is the CPU of smart mobile phone；
It is described ultrasonic signal analysis and processing module 101, the first D/A converting circuit 103, power amplification circuit 104, double
Work device 105, signal amplification circuit 107, the second D/A converting circuit 108 constitute integration module or scattering device in smart mobile phone
Mainboard on；
Described ultrasonic transducer 106 is arranged on the side of smart mobile phone.
Described duplexer 105 be arranged on the signal amplification circuit 107 of power amplification circuit 104/ and ultrasonic transducer 106 it
Between, duplexer 105 will be launched and be received signal and is isolated so that the reception and transmitting of ultrasonic transducer 106 can work simultaneously.
Described ultrasonic signal analysis and processing module 101 first extracts the echo signal envelope in detection signal, then in envelope
The middle useful information for extracting coherent detection object.
The form that described signal analysis and processing module 101 provides the structural information of detected fruit includes singly being not limited to fruit
Skin thickness, fruit stone size and fruit density and thickness.
A kind of detection method of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device, including following operation：
1) ultrasonic transducer 106 is fitted in the region measured needed for fruit, by wake up procedure or instruction module to place
Reason unit 102, which is sent, starts detection instruction；Processing unit 102 generates digital detection signal, then via D/A converting circuit 103
It is converted into analog detection signal；Analog detection signal after conversion is after power amplification circuit 104 amplifies, and driving ultrasound is changed
Can the transmitting ultrasonic wave of device 106；
2) after the transmitting of ultrasonic transducer 106 ultrasonic wave, and the detection signal of return is received, the detection signal of return is passed through successively
Transmitted after crossing the amplification of signal amplification circuit 107 and the conversion of the second D/A converting circuit 108 to processing unit 102；
3) processing unit 102 will detect that signal is sent to ultrasonic signal analysis and processing module 101, and detection signal is divided
After analysis processing, the structural information of detected fruit is provided.
When carrying out the detection of peel thickness, ultrasonic transducer 106 receives the detection signal of return and transmitted single to processing
After member 102, the echo signal envelope in detection signal is first extracted by ultrasonic signal analysis and processing module 101, is then believed in echo
Extracted in number envelope respectively from after two peak signals of pericarp surfaces externally and internally ultrasound, obtain peak signal time difference Δ t, pericarp is thick
Degree d's is calculated asC is the velocity of sound of ultrasonic propagation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial technique effect：
Fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device proposed by the present invention, it is possible to achieve including peel thickness and fruit density etc.
Fruit internal structural information detection.Whole module can be fully integrated in interior of mobile phone, easy to carry with easy to operate
The characteristics of.Water can be quickly finished using above-mentioned detection device, and with reference to the mounted ultrasonic operation software of interior of mobile phone
The Non-Destructive Testing of fruit internal structure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system composition schematic diagram of the invention.
Wherein, 101 be signal analysis and processing module, and 102 be processing unit, and 103 be the first D/A converting circuit, and 104 are
Power amplification circuit, 105 be duplexer, and 106 be ultrasonic transducer, and 107 be signal amplification circuit, and 108 be the second digital-to-analogue conversion
Circuit.
Fig. 2 is the Digital Detecting sine pulse signal graph of generation.
The detection signal graph for receiving return when Fig. 3 is detection peel thickness.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device, including：
Processing unit 102 generates the digital detection signal based on pulse signal string, transmits it to the first digital-to-analogue conversion electricity
The digital detection signal of reception is converted to analog detection signal by road 103, the first D/A converting circuit 103, and by analog detection
Signal is transmitted to power amplification circuit 104；Power amplification circuit 104 by analog detection signal power amplification, and through isolation transmitting/
The duplexer 105 for receiving signal is transferred to ultrasonic transducer 106, and driving ultrasonic transducer 106 launches ultrasonic wave to fruit；
Ultrasonic transducer 106 also receives the detection signal for encountering fruit return, and will receive after transmitting ultrasonic wave
Detection signal transmitted by duplexer 105 to signal amplification circuit 107；Signal amplification circuit 107 amplifies the detection received
Signal, and transmit it to the second D/A converting circuit 108；Second D/A converting circuit 108 receives and gathers the inspection after amplification
Signal is surveyed, data signal, input to processing unit 102 is converted into；Processing unit 102 will detect that signal is sent to ultrasonic letter
Number analysis and processing module 101, after being analyzed and processed to detection signal, provides the structural information of detected fruit.
A specific embodiment is given below.
Fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device proposed by the present invention, mainly includes signal analysis and processing module 101, processing list
Member, D/A converting circuit 103, power amplification circuit 104, duplexer 105, ultrasonic transducer 106, signal amplification circuit 107, number
Analog conversion circuit 108.
The processing unit 102 is the CPU of smart mobile phone, is mainly used in reception and starts after detection instruction, and generates detection
Signal (generally pulse signal string).Reason unit 102 is received after the instruction for starting detection, and the digital detection signal of generation is ultrasound
The ultrasonic wave that transducer 106 is sent out provides waveform parameter.Because CPU generation signals are data signal, and drive ultrasonic transducer
Work is generally analog signal, and therefore, the detection signal need to be transferred to D/A converting circuit 103 first.
Specifically, described ultrasonic signal analysis and processing module 101, the first D/A converting circuit 103, power amplification circuit
104th, duplexer 105, signal amplification circuit 107, the second D/A converting circuit 108 constitute integration module or scattering device in intelligence
On the mainboard of energy mobile phone；
Described ultrasonic transducer 106 is arranged on side or the front and rear surfaces of smart mobile phone.
The D/A converting circuit 103, is mainly used in the digital detection signal that reception processing unit 102 is sent, by its turn
Analog detection signal is changed to, and analog detection signal is transmitted to power amplification circuit 104.
The power amplification circuit 104, the analog detection signal power amplification changed for logarithm analog conversion circuit 103,
Drive the transmitting ultrasonic wave of ultrasonic transducer 106.
Due to the ultrasonic transducer 106 in device simultaneously have transmitting and receive detection signal function, therefore, in order to will
Transmitting and reception signal are isolated, it is ensured that receive and transmitting can be while normal work be, it is necessary in power amplification circuit 104 with surpassing
Duplexer 105 is added between sonic transducer 106.
The duplexer 105, its main function is exactly isolation transmitting and the detection signal received, it is ensured that the two is not done mutually
Disturb.
The ultrasonic transducer 106, the high voltage detection signal transmitting ultrasound sent for receiving power amplifying unit 104
Ripple, and the detection signal of return is received, the detection signal received is transmitted to signal amplification circuit 107.
The signal amplification circuit 107, turns for amplifying the faint detection signal received, and transmitting it to digital-to-analogue
Change circuit 108.
The D/A converting circuit 108, for receiving and gathering the detection signal after amplifying through signal amplification circuit 107,
And data signal is converted into, input to processing unit 102 carries out further data processing.
The signal analysis and processing module 101, for analyzing the detection signal received, processing meter is carried out to detection signal
After calculation, detected fruit structural information is obtained.Ultrasonic signal analysis and processing module (101) first extracts the echo in detection signal
Signal envelope, then in envelope extract coherent detection object useful information；It provides the shape of the structural information of detected fruit
Formula includes singly being not limited to peel thickness, fruit stone size and fruit density and thickness.
A kind of detection method of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device, including following operation：
1) ultrasonic transducer 106 is fitted in the region measured needed for fruit, by wake up procedure or instruction module to place
Reason unit 102, which is sent, starts detection instruction；Processing unit 102 generates digital detection signal, then via D/A converting circuit 103
It is converted into analog detection signal；Analog detection signal after conversion is after power amplification circuit 104 amplifies, and driving ultrasound is changed
Can the transmitting ultrasonic wave of device 106；
2) after the transmitting of ultrasonic transducer 106 ultrasonic wave, and the detection signal of return is received, the detection signal of return is passed through successively
Transmitted after crossing the amplification of signal amplification circuit 107 and the conversion of the second D/A converting circuit 108 to processing unit 102；
3) processing unit 102 will detect that signal is sent to ultrasonic signal analysis and processing module 101, and detection signal is divided
After analysis processing, the structural information of detected fruit is provided.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the lossless inspection of ultrasonic wave fruit structure based on smart mobile phone is introduced so that peel thickness is detected as an example
Survey device workflow be：
First, measurement peel thickness region needed for mobile phone ultrasound transducer probe is fitted in, and beginning is sent to mobile phone
Detection instruction.Now, mobile phone CPU102 generates Digital Detecting sine pulse signal as shown in Figure 2, and above-mentioned signal is via digital-to-analogue
Change-over circuit 103 is converted into analog detection signal.Analog detection signal after conversion is amplified by power amplification circuit 104
Afterwards, driving ultrasonic transducer 106 transmitting ultrasonic wave.After the transmitting ultrasonic wave of ultrasonic transducer 106, you can receive the detection of return
Signal (Fig. 3), the detection signal of return is transmitted to mobile phone after sequentially passing through signal amplification circuit 107 and D/A converting circuit 108
CPU102.Wherein, the detection signal launched and returned is isolated by duplexer 105.The detection signal of return is transmitted to CPU102,
The echo signal envelope in detection signal is first extracted by signal analysis and processing module 101, is then extracted in echo signal envelope
Respectively from after two peak signals of pericarp surfaces externally and internally ultrasound, peak signal time difference Δ t is obtained, can be calculated according to formula
Peel thicknessWherein, c is the velocity of sound of ultrasonic propagation in formula.
Example given above is to realize the present invention preferably example, and the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment.This area
Technical staff any nonessential addition, the replacement made according to the technical characteristic of technical solution of the present invention, belong to this
The protection domain of invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device, it is characterised in that including：
Processing unit (102) generates the digital detection signal based on pulse signal string, transmits it to the first D/A converting circuit
(103), the digital detection signal of reception is converted to analog detection signal by the first D/A converting circuit (103), and simulation is examined
Signal is surveyed to transmit to power amplification circuit (104)；Power amplification circuit (104) by analog detection signal power amplification, and through every
Duplexer (105) from transmitting/receiving signal is transferred to ultrasonic transducer (106), and driving ultrasonic transducer (106) is sent out to fruit
Penetrate ultrasonic wave；
Ultrasonic transducer (106) also receives the detection signal for encountering fruit return, and will receive after transmitting ultrasonic wave
Detection signal is transmitted to signal amplification circuit (107) by duplexer (105)；Signal amplification circuit (107) amplification is received
Signal is detected, and transmits it to the second D/A converting circuit (108)；Second D/A converting circuit (108) is received and gathered and puts
Detection signal after big, is converted into data signal, input to processing unit (102)；Processing unit (102) will detect signal
Ultrasonic signal analysis and processing module (101) is sent to, after being analyzed and processed to detection signal, the structure of detected fruit is provided
Information.
2. fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described processing unit (102) connects
Receive after the instruction for starting detection, the ultrasonic wave that the digital detection signal of generation is sent out by ultrasonic transducer (106) provides waveform ginseng
Number.
3. fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cannot-harm-detection device is integrated in intelligence
Among energy mobile phone：
Described processing unit (102) is the CPU of smart mobile phone；
Described ultrasonic signal analysis and processing module (101), the first D/A converting circuit (103), power amplification circuit (104),
Duplexer (105), signal amplification circuit (107), the second D/A converting circuit (108) constitute integration module or scattering device exists
On the mainboard of smart mobile phone；
Described ultrasonic transducer (106) is arranged on side or the front and rear surfaces of smart mobile phone.
4. fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described duplexer (105) is set
In power amplification circuit (104)/between signal amplification circuit (107) and ultrasonic transducer (106), duplexer (105) will be launched
It is isolated with signal is received so that the reception and transmitting of ultrasonic transducer (106) can work simultaneously.
5. fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described ultrasonic signal analyzing and processing
Module (101) first extract detection signal in echo signal envelope, then in envelope extract coherent detection object useful information.
6. fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described signal analysis and processing module
(101) provide detected fruit structural information form include singly be not limited to peel thickness, fruit stone size and fruit density and
Thickness.
7. a kind of detection method of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device, it is characterised in that including following operation：
1) ultrasonic transducer (106) is fitted in the region of measurement needed for fruit, by wake up procedure or instruction module to processing
Unit (102), which is sent, starts detection instruction；Processing unit (102) generates digital detection signal, then via D/A converting circuit
(103) it is converted into analog detection signal；Analog detection signal after conversion drives after power amplification circuit (104) amplification
Dynamic ultrasonic transducer (106) transmitting ultrasonic wave；
2) after ultrasonic transducer (106) transmitting ultrasonic wave, and the detection signal of return is received, the detection signal of return is sequentially passed through
Signal amplification circuit (107) amplifies to be transmitted to processing unit (102) with after the second D/A converting circuit (108) conversion；
3) processing unit (102) will detect that signal is sent to ultrasonic signal analysis and processing module (101), and detection signal is divided
After analysis processing, the structural information of detected fruit is provided.
8. the detection method of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that thick carrying out pericarp
During the detection of degree, ultrasonic transducer (106) receives the detection signal of return and transmitted to processing unit (102), by ultrasound letter
Number analysis and processing module (101) first extracts the echo signal envelope in detection signal, is then extracted in echo signal envelope point
Not from after two peak signals of pericarp surfaces externally and internally ultrasound, peak signal time difference Δ t is obtained, peel thickness d's is calculated asC is the velocity of sound of ultrasonic propagation.
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| CN201710229099.6A CN107064304A (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2017-04-10 | A kind of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device and method |
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| CN201710229099.6A CN107064304A (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2017-04-10 | A kind of fruit structure the cannot-harm-detection device and method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111156889A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-15 | 天津市农作物研究所(天津市水稻研究所) | Method for measuring thickness of corn peel and application |
| CN113008984A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-22 | 安徽中科昊音智能科技有限公司 | Voiceprint detection fruit maturity analysis instrument |
| CN113219066A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-06 | 上海果氪信息科技有限公司 | Acoustic characteristic-based avocado quality nondestructive testing method |
| CN117783287A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-03-29 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Device and method for carrying out nondestructive testing on pineapple fruit during transmission |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111156889A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-15 | 天津市农作物研究所(天津市水稻研究所) | Method for measuring thickness of corn peel and application |
| CN113008984A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-22 | 安徽中科昊音智能科技有限公司 | Voiceprint detection fruit maturity analysis instrument |
| CN113219066A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-06 | 上海果氪信息科技有限公司 | Acoustic characteristic-based avocado quality nondestructive testing method |
| CN117783287A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-03-29 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Device and method for carrying out nondestructive testing on pineapple fruit during transmission |
| CN117783287B (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-05-24 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Device and method for carrying out nondestructive testing on pineapple fruit during transmission |
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Application publication date: 20170818 |