CN107047215A - A kind of method for improving birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks - Google Patents
A kind of method for improving birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks Download PDFInfo
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- CN107047215A CN107047215A CN201710419862.1A CN201710419862A CN107047215A CN 107047215 A CN107047215 A CN 107047215A CN 201710419862 A CN201710419862 A CN 201710419862A CN 107047215 A CN107047215 A CN 107047215A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for improving birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks, pass through selection of seedling, substrate preparation, cultivating seedlings, swing-bed, field management, land management, the step such as field planting and final-period management realizes the purpose of the present invention, it is good that the present invention can cultivate root structure, the birch-leaf pear nursery stock of side well developed root system, nursery stock rate is high, and can long distance transportation, root system not easy damaged during transplanting, nursery stock little moisture loss, survival rate is high after cultivation, the region of especially soil depletion is more obvious, it is that effective regional surrival rate of afforestation for solving soil site condition difference is low and the low key measures of storage rate, the technology is easily grasped by orchard worker, field management is convenient, with higher practicality and promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for improving birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks, belong to field of plant cultivation.
Background technology
Kuerle delicious pear (referred to as " bergamot pear ") is Xinjiang most representational " name, excellent, spy " excellent fruit, with long
Cultivation history and distinct region feature, so that its thin skin meat is thin, crisp succulence, aromatic flavour, storage tolerance the features such as enjoy great prestige the country
Outer market.Current Xinjiang whole district bergamot pear cultivated area is up to 5.8 ten thousand hectares, and its scale and benefit and special advantage benefit increasingly show
Write, it has also become one of large fruit that Xinjiang Main Cultivation and growth of agricultural efficiency, orchard worker increase income and exported goods and earned foreign currency.
The plantation of current bergamot pear generally uses biennial birchleaf pear rootstock building well, and the grafting on birch-leaf pear of next year or the 3rd year is fragrant
The mode of pears, because taproot and the lateral root regeneration of birch-leaf pear seedling are more difficult, cause that survival rate is relatively low after transplanting, seedling-slowing stage length,
It is slow to go into operation；Often result in and fill the gaps with seedlings every year in the poor area of some soil environment conditions, garden is mutually irregular, is taken a lot of work during administration fee
Phenomenon, influences normal production and the economic benefit in orchard.Therefore, the transplanting survival rate for how improving birch-leaf pear nursery stock is bergamot pear industry
Change the important technical links in evolution.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome in the prior art that birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks is low, seedling-slowing stage length, go into operation late and edaphic condition will
The problem of seeking harshness, the present invention provides a kind of method for improving birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A kind of side for improving birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks
Method, is mainly included the following steps that：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
Height >=80cm, ground diameter >=0.5cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement are chosen according to 4.5~5.5：2.5~3.5:1.5~2.5
Ratio be sufficiently mixed that seedling medium is made；
Prepare before above-mentioned seedling medium, preferably uniformly spread garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement on concrete floor respectively out
8~10h of exposure, and stirred once every 4~5h；
Further, the humus presses 4.5~5.5 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.3~0.7:0.8~
After 1.2 ratio is well mixed, it is sufficiently humidified so as to water, then with covered rearing with plastic film, progress stack retting, which becomes thoroughly decomposed, to be formed, standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed
It can be used when reaching black, rotten, smelly degree for heap material, the plant residue is in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation
It is one or more of；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 8~10cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, nursery
The seedling medium prepared in the step of 1/3 volume is loaded in container (2), container for plant growth centre, side are put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock
Plus seedling medium side carries seedling, unfolds seedling root, matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
The container for plant growth selects a diameter of 20~25cm, and the beautiful of a height of 25~30cm plants bag or non-woven fabrics Seedling bag；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the 0.4~0.6m of ditch depth, wide 0.5~0.7m, line-spacing 0.8~
The container for plant growth described in two row's steps (3) is put into 1.2m, every bar ditch and is abutted mutually, makes ground concordant simultaneously earthen backfill afterwards
Ensure container for plant growth unexposedly face, poured water immediately after ground is concordant, irrigation quantity is 70~90m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Quick-acting fertilizer is applied after Sprout period 2~3 times, per minor tick 27~33 days, amount of application was 8~
12kg/667 ㎡, fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 70~90m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled one every 25~30 days
Secondary water, irrigation quantity is 30~50m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, and it is saturating to fill last time before soil is freeze-up
Water, irrigation quantity is 70~90m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
Further, the quick-acting fertilizer is one or both of urea or Diammonium phosphate (DAP).
Further, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread.
(6) land management：The draining of autumn selection then is good, the soil of grading, is ditched before field planting, the ditch depth
0.8~1.0m, wide 0.8~1.0m, 3~4m of ditch bottom application decomposed manure3/ 667 ㎡, afterwards by earthen backfill and broad irrigation progress
Press alkali；
Further, irrigation quantity during broad irrigation pressure alkali is 110~130m3/667㎡；
Further, the decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs deep 0.4~0.6m after thawing in field planting ditch, a diameter of 0.4~0.6m's
Pitting, the birch-leaf pear nursery stock in container for plant growth is taken out, and is put into pitting center, righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, while banketing
Carry seedling upwards on one side, unfold root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after transplant, irrigation quantity for 70~
90m3/ 667 ㎡, fill a water again after one week, irrigation quantity is 30~50m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applied quick-acting fertilizer 2~3 times in latter month, per minor tick 27~33 days, and amount of application is 8~
12kg/667 ㎡, fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 70~90m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled one every 25~30 days
Secondary water, irrigation quantity is 30~50m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, and it is saturating to fill last time before soil is freeze-up
Water, irrigation quantity is 70~90m3/667㎡。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows that can cultivate, root structure is good, side well developed root system birch-leaf pear nursery stock, nursery stock rate
Height, and can long distance transportation, root system not easy damaged during transplanting, nursery stock little moisture loss, survival rate is high after cultivation, and especially soil is poor
Lean region is more obvious, is that effective regional surrival rate of afforestation for solving soil site condition difference is low and the low crucial skill of storage rate
Art measure, the technology is easily grasped by orchard worker, and field management is convenient, with higher practicality and promotional value.
Embodiment
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:Comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
High 80cm, ground diameter 0.5cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Choose garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement and uniformly spread the exposure 8h on concrete floor out respectively, and
Stirred once every 5h, then according to 4.5:3.5:1.5 ratio be sufficiently mixed that seedling medium is made；
The humus presses 5.5 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.3:After 1.2 ratio is well mixed, filled with water
Divide moistening, then with covered rearing with plastic film, progress stack retting, which becomes thoroughly decomposed, to be formed, when standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that heap material reaches black, rotten, smelly degree
It can be used, the plant residue is the one or more in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 8cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, diameter is selected
For 20cm, a height of 30cm beautiful bag or the non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of planting is matched somebody with somebody as container for plant growth in the step of loading 1/3 volume (2)
The seedling medium of system, container for plant growth centre is put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock, is carried seedling when adding seedling medium, is unfolded seedling root,
Matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the ditch depth 0.4m, width 0.7m, line-spacing 0.8m are often put in bar ditch
Enter the container for plant growth described in two row's steps (3) and abut mutually, make ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and ensure container for plant growth not
Basset, poured water immediately after ground is concordant, irrigation quantity is 70m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Urea is applied after Sprout period 2 times, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread, every minor tick 27 days is applied
Consumption is 8kg/667 ㎡, and fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 90m3/ 667 ㎡, were hereafter filled once every 30 days
Water, irrigation quantity is 30m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, fills
Water is 70m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
(6) land management：The draining of autumn selection then is good, the soil of grading, is ditched before field planting, the ditch depth
1.0m, wide 0.8m, ditch bottom application decomposed manure 3m3/ 667 ㎡, afterwards by earthen backfill and broad irrigation progress pressure alkali, irrigation quantity is
110m3/667㎡；
The decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs depth 0.4m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.6m pitting will educate
Birch-leaf pear nursery stock in seedling container is taken out, and is put into pitting center, and righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, is banketed while upwards
Seedling is carried, unfolds root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 90m3/ 667 ㎡, one week
Fill a water again afterwards, irrigation quantity is 50m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 2 times in latter month, every minor tick 33 days, and amount of application is 8kg/667 ㎡, is applied
Fertilizer is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 70m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water, irrigation quantity is 30m every 25 days3/667
㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, irrigation quantity is 90m3/667㎡。
Embodiment 2:Comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
High 81cm, ground diameter 0.6cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Choose garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement and uniformly spread the exposure 8.3h on concrete floor out respectively,
And stirred once every 4.9h, then according to 4.6:3.3:2.5 ratio be sufficiently mixed seedling medium is made；
The humus presses 5.4 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.7:After 1.2 ratio is well mixed, filled with water
Divide moistening, then with covered rearing with plastic film, progress stack retting, which becomes thoroughly decomposed, to be formed, when standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that heap material reaches black, rotten, smelly degree
It can be used, the plant residue is the one or more in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 8.5cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, selection is straight
Footpath is 25cm, and a height of 29cm beautiful bag or the non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of planting is as container for plant growth, institute in the step of loading 1/3 volume (2)
The seedling medium of preparation, container for plant growth centre is put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock, and seedling is carried when adding seedling medium, seedling root is relaxed
Exhibition, matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the ditch depth 0.45m, width 0.65m, line-spacing 0.85m, often in bar ditch
The container for plant growth that is put into described in two row's steps (3) is simultaneously abutted mutually, is made ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and is ensured container for plant growth
Unexposedly face, pours water immediately after ground is concordant, and irrigation quantity is 72m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Urea is applied after Sprout period 3 times, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread, every minor tick 33 days is applied
Consumption is 8.5kg/667 ㎡, and fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 88m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled one every 26 days
Secondary water, irrigation quantity is 33m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up,
Irrigation quantity is 73m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
(6) land management：The gradient of autumn selection then is 1：Ditched before 300 sandy loam, field planting, the ditch depth 0.9m,
Wide 0.9m, ditch bottom application decomposed manure 3.5m3/ 667 ㎡, afterwards by earthen backfill and broad irrigation progress pressure alkali, irrigation quantity is
113m3/667㎡；
The decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs depth 0.6m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.4m pitting will educate
Birch-leaf pear nursery stock in seedling container is taken out, and is put into pitting center, and righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, is banketed while upwards
Seedling is carried, unfolds root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 88m3/ 667 ㎡, one week
Fill a water again afterwards, irrigation quantity is 47m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 3 times in latter month, every minor tick 27 days, and amount of application is 9kg/667 ㎡, is applied
Fertilizer is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 72m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water, irrigation quantity is 33m every 26 days3/667
㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, irrigation quantity is 87m3/667㎡。
Embodiment 3:Comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
High 90cm, ground diameter 0.7cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Choose garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement and uniformly spread the exposure 8.6h on concrete floor out respectively,
And stirred once every 4.8h, then according to 4.7:3.2:1.8 ratio be sufficiently mixed that seedling medium is made；
The humus presses 5.3 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.3:After 1.2 ratio is well mixed, filled with water
Divide moistening, then with covered rearing with plastic film, progress stack retting, which becomes thoroughly decomposed, to be formed, when standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that heap material reaches black, rotten, smelly degree
It can be used, the plant residue is the one or more in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 9cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, diameter is selected
For 24cm, a height of 28cm beautiful bag or the non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of planting is matched somebody with somebody as container for plant growth in the step of loading 1/3 volume (2)
The seedling medium of system, container for plant growth centre is put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock, is carried seedling when adding seedling medium, is unfolded seedling root,
Matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the ditch depth 0.5m, width 0.6m, line-spacing 0.9m are often put in bar ditch
Enter the container for plant growth described in two row's steps (3) and abut mutually, make ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and ensure container for plant growth not
Basset, poured water immediately after ground is concordant, irrigation quantity is 74m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Urea is applied after Sprout period 2 times, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread, every minor tick 28 days is applied
Consumption is 9kg/667 ㎡, and fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 86m3/ 667 ㎡, were hereafter filled once every 29 days
Water, irrigation quantity is 36m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, fills
Water is 76m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
(6) land management：The draining of autumn selection then is good, the soil of grading, is ditched before field planting, the ditch depth
0.8m, wide 1.0m, ditch bottom application decomposed manure 3.4m3/ 667 ㎡, afterwards by earthen backfill and broad irrigation progress pressure alkali, irrigation quantity
For 115m3/667㎡；
The decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs depth 0.5m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.5m pitting will educate
Birch-leaf pear nursery stock in seedling container is taken out, and is put into pitting center, and righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, is banketed while upwards
Seedling is carried, unfolds root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 86m3/ 667 ㎡, one week
Fill a water again afterwards, irrigation quantity is 44m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 2 times in latter month, and every minor tick 28 days, amount of application is 10kg/667 ㎡,
Fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 74m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water, irrigation quantity is 35m every 28 days3/
667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, irrigation quantity is 85m3/667㎡。
Embodiment 4:Comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
High 89cm, ground diameter 1.5cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Choose garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement and uniformly spread the exposure 8.8h on concrete floor out respectively,
And stirred once every 4.7h, then according to 4.8:3.1:1.9 ratio be sufficiently mixed that seedling medium is made；
The humus presses 5.2 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.7:After 0.8 ratio is well mixed, filled with water
Divide moistening, then with covered rearing with plastic film, progress stack retting, which becomes thoroughly decomposed, to be formed, when standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that heap material reaches black, rotten, smelly degree
It can be used, the plant residue is the one or more in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 9.5cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, selection is straight
Footpath is 21cm, and a height of 27cm beautiful bag or the non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of planting is as container for plant growth, institute in the step of loading 1/3 volume (2)
The seedling medium of preparation, container for plant growth centre is put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock, and seedling is carried when adding seedling medium, seedling root is relaxed
Exhibition, matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the ditch depth 0.6m, width 0.55m, line-spacing 0.95m, often in bar ditch
The container for plant growth that is put into described in two row's steps (3) is simultaneously abutted mutually, is made ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and is ensured container for plant growth
Unexposedly face, pours water immediately after ground is concordant, and irrigation quantity is 76m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is applied after Sprout period 2 times, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread, per minor tick 29
My god, amount of application is 9.5kg/667 ㎡, and fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 84m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter every 38 days
A water is filled, irrigation quantity is 39m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, and it is saturating to fill last time before soil is freeze-up
Water, irrigation quantity is 78m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
(6) land management：The gradient in autumn selection sylvan life leaf mould and soil is 1 then：100, ditched before field planting, it is described
Ditch depth 0.85m, wide 0.85m, ditch bottom application decomposed manure 3.3m3/ 667 ㎡, afterwards by earthen backfill and broad irrigation progress pressure alkali,
Irrigation quantity is 118m3/667㎡；
The decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs depth 0.5m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.6m pitting will educate
Birch-leaf pear nursery stock in seedling container is taken out, and is put into pitting center, and righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, is banketed while upwards
Seedling is carried, unfolds root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 84m3/ 667 ㎡, one week
Fill a water again afterwards, irrigation quantity is 42m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 3 times in latter month, and every minor tick 29 days, amount of application is 11kg/667 ㎡,
Fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 76m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water, irrigation quantity is 37m every 26 days3/
667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, irrigation quantity is 83m3/667㎡。
Embodiment 5:Comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
High 88cm, ground diameter 0.7cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Choose garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement and uniformly spread the exposure 9h on concrete floor out respectively, and
Stirred once every 4.6h, then according to 4.9:3:2.4 ratio be sufficiently mixed that seedling medium is made；
The humus presses 5.1 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.7:After 0.8 ratio is well mixed, filled with water
Divide moistening, then with covered rearing with plastic film, progress stack retting, which becomes thoroughly decomposed, to be formed, when standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that heap material reaches black, rotten, smelly degree
It can be used, the plant residue is the one or more in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 10cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, selection is straight
Footpath is 22cm, and a height of 26cm beautiful bag or the non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of planting is as container for plant growth, institute in the step of loading 1/3 volume (2)
The seedling medium of preparation, container for plant growth centre is put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock, and seedling is carried when adding seedling medium, seedling root is relaxed
Exhibition, matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the ditch depth 0.6m, width 0.5m, line-spacing 1m are often put into bar ditch
Container for plant growth described in two row's steps (3) is simultaneously abutted mutually, is made ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and is ensured that container for plant growth does not reveal
Go out ground, poured water immediately after ground is concordant, irrigation quantity is 80m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is applied after Sprout period 3 times, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread, per minor tick 31
My god, amount of application is 10kg/667 ㎡, and fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 82m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter every 27 days
A water is filled, irrigation quantity is 42m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, and it is saturating to fill last time before soil is freeze-up
Water, irrigation quantity is 80m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
(6) land management：The draining of autumn selection then is good, the soil of grading, is ditched before field planting, the ditch depth
0.95m, wide 0.95m, ditch bottom application decomposed manure 3.2m3/ 667 ㎡, afterwards by earthen backfill and broad irrigation progress pressure alkali, pour water
Measure as 120m3/667㎡；
The decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs depth 0.6m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.4m pitting will educate
Birch-leaf pear nursery stock in seedling container is taken out, and is put into pitting center, and righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, is banketed while upwards
Seedling is carried, unfolds root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 82m3/ 667 ㎡, one week
Fill a water again afterwards, irrigation quantity is 40m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 2 times in latter month, and every minor tick 30 days, amount of application is 11kg/667 ㎡,
Fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 78m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water, irrigation quantity is 39m every 25 days3/
667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, irrigation quantity is 80m3/667㎡。
Embodiment 6:Comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
High 85cm, ground diameter 1.0cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Choose garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement and uniformly spread the exposure 9.2h on concrete floor out respectively,
And stirred once every 4.5h, then according to 5:2.9:2.2 ratio be sufficiently mixed that seedling medium is made；
The humus presses 5 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.6:It is abundant with water after 0.9 ratio is well mixed
Moistening, then with covered rearing with plastic film, carries out stack retting and becomes thoroughly decomposed and forms, standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed be when heap material reaches black, rotten, smelly degree i.e.
It can be used, the plant residue is the one or more in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 10cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, selection is straight
Footpath is 20cm, and a height of 25cm beautiful bag or the non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of planting is as container for plant growth, institute in the step of loading 1/3 volume (2)
The seedling medium of preparation, container for plant growth centre is put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock, and seedling is carried when adding seedling medium, seedling root is relaxed
Exhibition, matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the ditch depth 0.4m, width 0.7m, line-spacing 1.05m are often put in bar ditch
Enter the container for plant growth described in two row's steps (3) and abut mutually, make ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and ensure container for plant growth not
Basset, poured water immediately after ground is concordant, irrigation quantity is 82m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is applied after Sprout period 2 times, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread, per minor tick 30
My god, amount of application is 10.5kg/667 ㎡, and fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 80m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter every 25
It fills a water, and irrigation quantity is 45m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, and last time is filled before soil is freeze-up
Permeable, irrigation quantity is 82m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
(6) land management：Then autumn, select the gradient≤1：50 garden mould, ditched before field planting, the ditch depth 0.8m,
Wide 1.0m, ditch bottom application decomposed manure 3.1m3/ 667 ㎡, afterwards by earthen backfill and broad irrigation progress pressure alkali, irrigation quantity is
122m3/667㎡；
The decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs depth 0.6m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.5m pitting will educate
Birch-leaf pear nursery stock in seedling container is taken out, and is put into pitting center, and righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, is banketed while upwards
Seedling is carried, unfolds root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 80m3/ 667 ㎡, one week
Fill a water again afterwards, irrigation quantity is 38m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 3 times in latter month, and every minor tick 31 days, amount of application is 12kg/667 ㎡,
Fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 81m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water, irrigation quantity is 41m every 27 days3/
667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, irrigation quantity is 78m3/667㎡。
Embodiment 7:Comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
High 83cm, ground diameter 1.2cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Choose garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement and uniformly spread the exposure 9.4h on concrete floor out respectively,
And stirred once every 4.4h, then according to 5.1:2.8:2.1 ratio be sufficiently mixed that seedling medium is made；
The humus presses 4.9 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.5:It is abundant with water after 1 ratio is well mixed
Moistening, then with covered rearing with plastic film, carries out stack retting and becomes thoroughly decomposed and forms, standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed be when heap material reaches black, rotten, smelly degree i.e.
It can be used, the plant residue is the one or more in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 9.5cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, selection is straight
Footpath is 25cm, and a height of 25.5cm beautiful bag or the non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of planting is as container for plant growth, in the step of loading 1/3 volume (2)
The seedling medium prepared, container for plant growth centre is put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock, and seedling is carried when adding seedling medium, seedling root is relaxed
Exhibition, matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the ditch depth 0.5m, width 0.65m, line-spacing 1.1m are often put in bar ditch
Enter the container for plant growth described in two row's steps (3) and abut mutually, make ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and ensure container for plant growth not
Basset, poured water immediately after ground is concordant, irrigation quantity is 84m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is applied after Sprout period 3 times, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread, per minor tick 32
My god, amount of application is 11kg/667 ㎡, and fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 78m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter every 29 days
A water is filled, irrigation quantity is 48m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, and it is saturating to fill last time before soil is freeze-up
Water, irrigation quantity is 84m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
(6) land management：The draining of autumn selection then is good, the soil of grading, is ditched before field planting, the ditch depth
0.85m, wide 0.95m, ditch bottom application decomposed manure 3.9m3/ 667 ㎡, afterwards by earthen backfill and broad irrigation progress pressure alkali, pour water
Measure as 124m3/667㎡；
The decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs depth 0.5m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.4m pitting will educate
Birch-leaf pear nursery stock in seedling container is taken out, and is put into pitting center, and righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, is banketed while upwards
Seedling is carried, unfolds root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 78m3/ 667 ㎡, one week
Fill a water again afterwards, irrigation quantity is 36m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 2 times in latter month, and every minor tick 32 days, amount of application is 12kg/667 ㎡,
Fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 83m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water, irrigation quantity is 43m every 25 days3/
667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, irrigation quantity is 76m3/667㎡。
Embodiment 8:Comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
High 100cm, ground diameter 1.4cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Choose garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement and uniformly spread the exposure 9.6h on concrete floor out respectively,
And stirred once every 4.3h, then according to 5.2:2.7:2 ratio be sufficiently mixed that seedling medium is made；
The humus presses 4.8 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.4:After 1.1 ratio is well mixed, filled with water
Divide moistening, then with covered rearing with plastic film, progress stack retting, which becomes thoroughly decomposed, to be formed, when standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that heap material reaches black, rotten, smelly degree
It can be used, the plant residue is the one or more in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 9cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, diameter is selected
For 24cm, a height of 26.5cm beautiful bag or the non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of planting is as container for plant growth, institute in the step of loading 1/3 volume (2)
The seedling medium of preparation, container for plant growth centre is put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock, and seedling is carried when adding seedling medium, seedling root is relaxed
Exhibition, matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the ditch depth 0.45m, width 0.6m, line-spacing 1.15m, often in bar ditch
The container for plant growth that is put into described in two row's steps (3) is simultaneously abutted mutually, is made ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and is ensured container for plant growth
Unexposedly face, pours water immediately after ground is concordant, and irrigation quantity is 86m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Urea is applied after Sprout period 3 times, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread, every minor tick 33 days is applied
Consumption is 11.5kg/667 ㎡, and fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 76m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled one every 27 days
Secondary water, irrigation quantity is 50m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up,
Irrigation quantity is 86m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
(6) land management：The draining of autumn selection then is good, the soil of grading, is ditched before field planting, the ditch depth
1.0m, wide 0.85m, ditch bottom application decomposed manure 3.6m3/ 667 ㎡, afterwards by earthen backfill and broad irrigation progress pressure alkali, pour water
Measure as 126m3/667㎡；
The decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs depth 0.6m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.5m pitting will educate
Birch-leaf pear nursery stock in seedling container is taken out, and is put into pitting center, and righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, is banketed while upwards
Seedling is carried, unfolds root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 76m3/ 667 ㎡, one week
Fill a water again afterwards, irrigation quantity is 34m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 3 times in latter month, every minor tick 33 days, and amount of application is 8kg/667 ㎡, is applied
Fertilizer is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 85m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water, irrigation quantity is 45m every 28 days3/667
㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, irrigation quantity is 74m3/667㎡。
Embodiment 9:Comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
High 105cm, ground diameter 2.0cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Choose garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement and uniformly spread the exposure 9.8h on concrete floor out respectively,
And stirred once every 4.2h, then according to 5.3:2.6:1.6 ratio be sufficiently mixed that seedling medium is made；
The humus presses 4.7 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.7:After 1.2 ratio is well mixed, filled with water
Divide moistening, then with covered rearing with plastic film, progress stack retting, which becomes thoroughly decomposed, to be formed, when standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that heap material reaches black, rotten, smelly degree
It can be used, the plant residue is the one or more in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 8.5cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, selection is straight
Footpath is 23cm, and a height of 27.5cm beautiful bag or the non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of planting is as container for plant growth, in the step of loading 1/3 volume (2)
The seedling medium prepared, container for plant growth centre is put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock, and seedling is carried when adding seedling medium, seedling root is relaxed
Exhibition, matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the ditch depth 0.55m, width 0.55m, line-spacing 1.2m, often in bar ditch
The container for plant growth that is put into described in two row's steps (3) is simultaneously abutted mutually, is made ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and is ensured container for plant growth
Unexposedly face, pours water immediately after ground is concordant, and irrigation quantity is 88m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Urea and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 2 times are applied after Sprout period, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread, every time between
Every 27 days, amount of application was 12kg/667 ㎡, and fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 73m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter every
Fill a water within 26 days, irrigation quantity is 36m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, and last is filled before soil is freeze-up
Secondary permeable, irrigation quantity is 88m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
(6) land management：The draining of autumn selection then is good, surface slope≤1：Ditched before 100 soil, field planting,
The ditch depth 0.95m, wide 0.8m, ditch bottom application decomposed manure 4m3/ 667 ㎡, by earthen backfill, simultaneously broad irrigation is pressed afterwards
Alkali, irrigation quantity is 128m3/667㎡；
The decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs depth 0.4m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.4m pitting will educate
Birch-leaf pear nursery stock in seedling container is taken out, and is put into pitting center, and righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, is banketed while upwards
Seedling is carried, unfolds root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 73m3/ 667 ㎡, one week
Fill a water again afterwards, irrigation quantity is 32m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 2 times in latter month, every minor tick 28 days, and amount of application is 9kg/667 ㎡, is applied
Fertilizer is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 87m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water, irrigation quantity is 47m every 29 days3/667
㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, irrigation quantity is 72m3/667㎡。
Embodiment 10:Comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm, seedling before spring rudiment
High 95cm, ground diameter 1.8cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Choose garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement and uniformly spread the exposure 10h on concrete floor out respectively, and
Stirred once every 4h, then according to 5.5:2.5:1.8 ratio be sufficiently mixed that seedling medium is made；
The humus presses 4.5 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.3:After 0.8 ratio is well mixed, filled with water
Divide moistening, then with covered rearing with plastic film, progress stack retting, which becomes thoroughly decomposed, to be formed, when standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that heap material reaches black, rotten, smelly degree
It can be used, the plant residue is the one or more in straw, wheat stalk or plant defoliation；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 8cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, diameter is selected
For 22cm, a height of 28.5cm beautiful bag or the non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of planting is as container for plant growth, institute in the step of loading 1/3 volume (2)
The seedling medium of preparation, container for plant growth centre is put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock, and seedling is carried when adding seedling medium, seedling root is relaxed
Exhibition, matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the ditch depth 0.4m, width 0.5m, line-spacing 1.2m are often put in bar ditch
Enter the container for plant growth described in two row's steps (3) and abut mutually, make ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and ensure container for plant growth not
Basset, poured water immediately after ground is concordant, irrigation quantity is 90m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Urea and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 3 times are applied after Sprout period, the fertilization mode uses ditch spread, every time between
Every 30 days, amount of application was 8kg/667 ㎡, and fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 70m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter every 30
It fills a water, and irrigation quantity is 30m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, and last time is filled before soil is freeze-up
Permeable, irrigation quantity is 90m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase note control young sprout can not excessively prosperous growth, nursery stock excessively prosperous growth when to carry out pinching in time, with rush
Enrich trunk development.
(6) land management：The draining of autumn selection then is good, surface slope≤1：Ditched before 300 soil, field planting,
The ditch depth 1.0m, wide 0.9m, ditch bottom application decomposed manure 3.8m3/ 667 ㎡, by earthen backfill, simultaneously broad irrigation is pressed afterwards
Alkali, irrigation quantity is 130m3/667㎡；
The decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs depth 0.6m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.6m pitting will educate
Birch-leaf pear nursery stock in seedling container is taken out, and is put into pitting center, and righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, is banketed while upwards
Seedling is carried, unfolds root system, steady and sure, rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 70m3/ 667 ㎡, one week
Fill a water again afterwards, irrigation quantity is 30m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 3 times in latter month, and every minor tick 27 days, amount of application is 10kg/667 ㎡,
Fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 90m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water, irrigation quantity is 50m every 30 days3/
667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, irrigation quantity is 70m3/667㎡。
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, some changes and improvements can also be made, these belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for improving birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks, it is characterised in that mainly include the following steps that：
(1) selection of seedling：Growth selection stalwartness, annual real estate birch-leaf pear nursery stock of no disease and pests harm before spring rudiment, height of seedling >=
80cm, ground diameter >=0.5cm；
(2) substrate preparation：Garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement are chosen according to 4.5~5.5：2.5~3.5:1.5~2.5 ratio
Progress, which is sufficiently mixed, is configured to seedling medium；
(3) cultivating seedlings：The main root of birch-leaf pear nursery stock is cut short to 8~10cm, to promote it to produce more fibrous roots, container for plant growth
The seedling medium prepared in the step of 1/3 volume of middle filling (2), container for plant growth centre, Bian Jiayu are put into by birch-leaf pear nursery stock
Seedling matrix side carries seedling, unfolds seedling root, and matrix is compacted after filling it up with；
(4) swing-bed：Ditched in field or seedling raising greenhouse, the 0.4~0.6m of ditch depth, wide 0.5~0.7m, 0.8~1.2m of line-spacing,
The container for plant growth described in two row's steps (3) is put into per bar ditch and is abutted mutually, is made ground concordant earthen backfill afterwards and is ensured
Container for plant growth unexposedly face, pours water immediately after ground is concordant, and irrigation quantity is 70~90m3/667㎡；
(5) field management：Quick-acting fertilizer is applied after Sprout period 2~3 times, every minor tick 27~33 days, amount of application is 8~12kg/667
㎡, fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 70~90m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water every 25~30 days, filled
Water is 30~50m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, pours water
Measure as 70~90m3/667㎡；
The seedling growth phase carries out pinching to control the excessively prosperous growth of young sprout in time, promotes trunk development to enrich；
(6) land management：The draining of autumn selection then is good, the soil of grading, is ditched before field planting, and the ditch depth 0.8~
1.0m, wide 0.8~1.0m, 3~4m of ditch bottom application decomposed manure3/ 667 ㎡, afterwards by earthen backfill and broad irrigation progress pressure alkali；
(7) it is colonized：Second Year spring soil digs deep 0.4~0.6m after thawing in field planting ditch, and a diameter of 0.4~0.6m's is small
Hole, the birch-leaf pear nursery stock in container for plant growth is taken out, and is put into pitting center, righting nursery stock makes nursery stock embark on journey in length and breadth, while banketing one
Side carries seedling upwards, unfolds root system, steady and sure, and rhizome is slightly above earth's surface, poured water immediately after having transplanted, and irrigation quantity is 70~90m3/
667 ㎡, fill a water again after one week, irrigation quantity is 30~50m3/667㎡；
(8) final-period management：Field planting applies quick-acting fertilizer 2~3 times in latter month, and every minor tick 27~33 days, amount of application is 8~12kg/
667 ㎡, fertilising is poured water immediately after terminating, and irrigation quantity is 70~90m3/ 667 ㎡, hereafter filled a water every 25~30 days,
Irrigation quantity is 30~50m3/ 667 ㎡, one week after of pouring water every time carries out shallow plowing weeding, fills permeable for the last time before soil is freeze-up, fills
Water is 70~90m3/667㎡。
2. the method for birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in preparation steps (2)
Before described seedling medium, garden mould, humus and decay sheep excrement are uniformly spread out exposure 8~10h respectively, and turn over every 4~5h
Move once.
3. the method for birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the container for plant growth choosing
A diameter of 20~25cm is selected, the beautiful of a height of 25~30cm plants bag or non-woven fabrics Seedling bag.
4. as claimed in claim 1 improve birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks method, it is characterised in that the step (5) and
Quick-acting fertilizer in step (8) is one or both of urea or Diammonium phosphate (DAP).
5. the method for the raising birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks as described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that the step (5)
It is ditch spread with the fertilization mode in step (8).
6. the method for birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (6)
Broad irrigation presses irrigation quantity during alkali to be 110~130m3/667㎡。
7. the method for birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (6)
Decomposed manure is the sheep manure by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed.
8. the method for the raising birch-leaf pear transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks as described in claim 1~7 Arbitrary Term claim, its feature exists
In the humus presses 4.5~5.5 by plant residue, soil and night soil:0.3~0.7:0.8~1.2 ratio mixing is equal
After even, add water and soak and carry out sealed reactor and macerate to become thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed to black, rotten, smelly, the plant residue is straw, Wheat Straw
One or more in stalk or plant defoliation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710419862.1A CN107047215B (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | Method for improving transplanting survival rate of birch pear nursery stock |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710419862.1A CN107047215B (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | Method for improving transplanting survival rate of birch pear nursery stock |
Publications (2)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108476847A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-04 | 贵州兴正现代农业发展有限公司 | Pears plant method for transplanting |
| CN108586044A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-28 | 山东省果树研究所 | Lateral root for pear tree nursery sprouts composition, application method and application |
| CN112136590A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-29 | 阜南县美好生活生态农业科技有限公司 | Novel cultivation method of pears |
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| CN102884924A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-23 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Rapid container seedling culturing method for peach |
| CN104663358A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-06-03 | 杭州市园林工程有限公司 | Method for increasing transplanting survival rates of seedlings |
| CN105766523A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-20 | 靖忠东 | Planting method guaranteeing 100% of seedling transplanting survival rate |
| CN106258759A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 辛万利 | A kind of cultural method of red pear |
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| CN102884924A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-23 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Rapid container seedling culturing method for peach |
| CN104663358A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-06-03 | 杭州市园林工程有限公司 | Method for increasing transplanting survival rates of seedlings |
| CN105766523A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-20 | 靖忠东 | Planting method guaranteeing 100% of seedling transplanting survival rate |
| CN106258759A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 辛万利 | A kind of cultural method of red pear |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108476847A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-04 | 贵州兴正现代农业发展有限公司 | Pears plant method for transplanting |
| CN108586044A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-28 | 山东省果树研究所 | Lateral root for pear tree nursery sprouts composition, application method and application |
| CN112136590A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-29 | 阜南县美好生活生态农业科技有限公司 | Novel cultivation method of pears |
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| CN107047215B (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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