CN107036909B - A kind of ring shear test instrument suitable for vertical shearing face - Google Patents
A kind of ring shear test instrument suitable for vertical shearing face Download PDFInfo
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- CN107036909B CN107036909B CN201710235598.6A CN201710235598A CN107036909B CN 107036909 B CN107036909 B CN 107036909B CN 201710235598 A CN201710235598 A CN 201710235598A CN 107036909 B CN107036909 B CN 107036909B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ring shear test instrument suitable for vertical shearing face, including shear box, jacking system, dynamic rotation system, monitor control system and frame, in shear box, shear plate is fixed on along annular bottom plate is radially uniform on annular bottom plate, shear box outer cover cover is buckled on annular bottom plate and shear plate, it is fixed with annular bottom plate by conducting bar and guide groove assembling, shear box outer cover is connect with the rotary arm of dynamic rotation system, transmit torque, the centering of shaft coupling pressing plate is in the centre bore of the outer cowl top panel of shear box, and it is driven by jacking system and carries out normal force loading, it is nested in annular bottom plate pair on cylindrical support platform, under rotating torque effect, it is vertical shearing face that annular bottom plate, which drives interior cylindrical side caused by shear plate progress circular motion,；The present invention can be ensured that shear displacemant and distribution of shear stress are uniform on shear surface, and the thickness in vertical shearing face is unrestricted so that large-scale ring shear test is achieved existing for bulky grain object.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ring shear test instrument, and in particular to a kind of ring shear test instrument suitable for vertical shearing face belongs to
In soil test engineering device technique field.
Background technology
Direct shear apparatus and simple shear apparatus are the relatively early earthwork test Instruments for being applied to the research of soil body shearing-resistance characteristic.However, both
Instrument is limited in that the soil body shearing test that can neither realize larger displacement, it is also difficult to shear surface is kept during experiment
Product is constant.Until the appearance of ring shear apparatus, two above difficult point is just addressed, while also assures that sample can be in continuous displacement
Under the conditions of sheared.
The development of ring shear apparatus starts from the 1920s.The ring shear apparatus design concept of early stage is relatively simple, and function compares
It is single, generally it is mainly used for studying residual strength property of the soil body after shear surface generation；Then, scientific and technical development also band
Continuously improving with perfect for ring shear apparatus has been moved, has obtained apparent raising in terms of test accuracy first, in addition, the work(of instrument
It can start diversification, simple gradual expand to of soil strength research can only be carried out since most can carry out soil body failure by shear
The research of process.During this period, Kyoto Univ Japan marches at the forefront of the world in the research and development field of ring shear apparatus device.Wherein assistant assistant is respectful
The high speed ring shear test instrument that the successes such as two professors are developed, can not only realize computer whole-process control, but also can pass through scene
The altitude simulation (such as dynamic loads environment such as earthquake, groundwater environment etc.) of geological conditions is sent out to disclose slip-crack surface in process of landslides
Raw stress variation, pore water pressure variation and possible liquefaction phenomenon.Most importantly, this ring shear apparatus realizes height
Speed shearing (shear velocity is up to 300cm/s), this performance provide experiment base for the research of high-speed shadowgraph technique genesis mechanism
Plinth.
These above-mentioned ring shear apparatus are typically all to be designed based on following characteristics：The normal direction of shear surface and shearing angular speed
Direction vector is parallel.However, this feature can cause following problem：In shear history on entire shear surface angular speed it is consistent,
Displacement difference is cut by causing along on radial direction shear surface, so as to cause shearing stress distribution unevenness.
For this purpose, designer reduces the shear stress of inside and outside interannular with this usually by the sufficiently small of the thickness of shearing ring design
Gap, and using cutting displacement and shear stress and represent displacement and the stress on entire contact surface at sample center ring, so as to
Error caused by ignoring shearing stress distribution unevenness.Thus, the shearing face thickness of this type ring shear apparatus is limited to smaller value,
Bulky grain presence is thus not allow in test sample, but often there are many large-sized block of stones in practical sliding soil within landslide zones,
It is difficult to simulate the practical mechanical property of sliding soil within landslide zones by the progress ring shear test of existing ring shear apparatus.
Invention content
Based on shear surface shearing stress distribution existing for existing ring shear apparatus is uneven, shearing face thickness is smaller, test sample does not allow
There is deficiency existing for bulky grain, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of be suitable for vertical shearing, i.e., shear plane method is to shearing angular speed
The vertical ring shear test instrument of direction vector, available for testing the peak strength and residual strength of gravelly soil, carrying out the soil body should soften
Change characteristic research, while the Research on Mechanical Properties suitable for soil under the conditions of big shear displacemant.
Technical solution is a kind of ring shear test instrument suitable for vertical shearing face used by realizing the object of the invention, until
Including shear box, jacking system, dynamic rotation system and frame less, the shear box includes turning cell and motionless room two parts,
Wherein turning cell includes shear box outer cover, annular bottom plate and 1 piece or more the shear plate placed vertically, and shear plate is along annular bottom plate diameter
To being uniformly fixed on annular bottom plate, shear box outer cover cover is buckled on annular bottom plate and shear plate, the cover of the shear box outer cover
For shell with annular bottom plate by being set to conducting bar and guide groove assembling fixation therebetween, the top plate of shear box outer cover is ring flat-plate,
On offer the shearing board slot identical with shear plate quantity, be embedded in for shear plate, the top plate of shear box outer cover and dynamic rotation system
The rotary arm connection of system, transmits torque；The motionless room includes rubber washer, shaft coupling pressing plate and cylindrical support platform, institute
The centering of shaft coupling pressing plate is stated in the centre bore of the outer cowl top panel of shear box, and is driven by jacking system and carries out normal force loading,
The cylindrical support platform is connected with frame, is nested in annular bottom plate pair on cylindrical support platform, and pass through rubber
Washer controls the size in gap between the two.
The central protuberance of the cylindrical support platform is nested on the lug boss in annular bottom plate pair, in annular bottom plate
Lower wall ball is equipped between the rest part of cylindrical support platform, lower wall ball is contacted with annular bottom plate lower surface.
The jacking system includes hydraulic elevator, frequency converter and hydraulic elevator platform, and hydraulic elevator is fixed on frame,
It is lifted by transducer drive hydraulic elevator platform, shaft coupling pressing plate is connected with being set to the vertical pivot at hydraulic elevator platform center.
The hydraulic elevator platform falls pyramidal structure for three layers, and hydraulic elevator is connected with upper strata, and middle level is installed on lower surface
There is guide rail, bottom table top center is equipped with a vertical pivot, which is connected with shaft coupling pressing plate.
The dynamic rotation system is installed on hydraulic elevator platform lower part, including motor, gear, hollow gear shaft, vertical axis
It holds and upper disk ball, the hollow gear shaft is set on the vertical pivot of hydraulic elevator platform, vertical axis, which installs, to be assigned in therebetween, empty
The lower end of heart gear shaft is connected with rotary arm, upper disk ball be installed on hollow gear shaft top surface and with hydraulic elevator platform
Bottom table top is in contact, and the motor is installed on by sliding block on the guide rail in hydraulic elevator platform middle level, and it is defeated that gear is installed on motor
It is engaged on shaft, with hollow gear shaft.
The frame includes pedestal and the two root posts for being fixed on pedestal both sides, and hydraulic elevator is fixed on two root posts
On, the left and right ends on hydraulic elevator platform upper strata have guide hole, are passed through for the two root posts of frame.
Further include monitor control system, monitor control system include controller, signal-transmitting cable, angular displacement sensor,
Rotating torque sensor and 2 or more earth pressure gauges, angular displacement sensor are mounted on rotary arm, rotating torque sensor peace
On middle part gear ring loaded on hollow gear shaft, each earth pressure gauge is uniformly distributed in the soil sample in shear box, angular displacement sensor,
Rotating torque sensor and earth pressure gauge are by signal-transmitting cable access controller, the hydraulic elevator of jacking system and dynamic
The motor of power rotary system is controlled by controller and run.
The pedestal of the frame is structure as a whole with cylindrical support platform, and draining is provided in the middle part of cylindrical support platform
Slot, the notch surface of rhone are covered with one layer of felt, are laid with one piece of water filter plate in slot, slot bottom is connected with drainpipe.
The edge of the frame base is provided with annular groove, is embedded in for the lower end of shear box outer cover.
Radially even setting 2 on the lower surface of the shaft coupling pressing plate and on the upper surface of cylindrical support platform
More than raised line.
As shown from the above technical solution, the ring shear test instrument provided by the invention suitable for vertical shearing face, main body include
Five shear box, hydraulic lifting system, dynamic rotation system, frame and monitor control system funtion parts, middle frame are it
The installation of his funtion part provides installation position, the column of the left and right sides of frame, is mainly used for transmitting that hydraulic lifting system is counter to be applied
To its active force, frame is fixed on cement flooring using big model bolt, it is made to play protection examination during experiment
It tests equipment and the effect of reaction of bearing is provided；Shear box is used to carry out the ring shear test of soil sample, including turning cell and motionless room
Two parts, shear box outer cover are rotating transmission members, and shear box outer cover is with annular bottom plate by being set to conducting bar therebetween
It assembling and fixes with guide groove, cylindrical support platform is a part for frame base, while is a component part of shear box again,
It primarily serves support soil sample and the effect of buffer brake is provided, the circular platform and shaft coupling pressure protruded in the middle part of cylindrical support platform
Plate forms the upper and lower interface of motionless room together, is radially angularly distributed in cylindrical support tabletop of platform a plurality of trapezoidal convex
Item, cylindrical support platform surrounding recess form annular groove, are loaded primarily to meeting and sample consolidation being covered on outside shear box
Decline space enough Cheng Zhongyou；When rotary arm transmits vertical pressure, shear box outer cover can rely on the vertical conducting bar of madial wall
It migrates downwards along the guide groove opened up on annular bottom plate, shear plate can shear board slot along shear box outer cover top end face and rise, and cut
Cutting plate slot allows shear plate to pass through along notch, and shaft coupling pressing plate can be generated under the control of hydraulic elevator platform to bottom offset, by
Grade applies vertical pressure to soil sample, therefore can realize the transmission of the consolidation and soil pressure of soil sample, shaft coupling pressing plate bottom surface upper edge diameter
To being angularly distributed with a plurality of inverted trapezoidal raised line, during pushing, on shaft coupling pressing plate bottom surface and in cylindrical support tabletop of platform
Raised line is deeply rolled into the soil body jointly, plays the role of fixed indoor soil sample；When rotary arm provides rotating torque, shearing
Box outer cover and then rotates together, since the conducting bar of shear box outer cover madial wall blocks the guide groove of annular bottom plate and shearing board
Firmly shear box outer cover top end face shearing board slot, therefore annular bottom plate along lower wall ball by with rotating together, turning cell is formed,
In the radially uniform fixed polylith shear plate of annular bottom plate upper edge annular bottom plate, the circle of frame base will be nested in annular bottom plate pair
On pillar support platform, and it is equipped with a circle elastic tape therebetween to control the size in gap between the two, while annular bottom plate
Under be laid with lower wall ball with facilitate annular bottom plate carry out fixed-axis rotation, in this way, rotating torque effect under, annular bottom plate band
Interior cylindrical side caused by dynamic shear plate progress circular motion is vertical shearing face.
Hydraulic lifting system is connected with frame, including hydraulic elevator, frequency converter and hydraulic elevator platform, left and right hydraulic lifting
Machine is separately mounted on the column at left and right sides of frame, and frequency converter is adjusting the elevation rate of hydraulic elevator, hydraulic lifting
Platform is in three layers of upper, middle and lower turriform on front view, and upper strata is cuboid thickness tablet, and left and right ends have guide hole, for
The two root posts of frame extend there through, while upper strata both ends are connected with the hydraulic elevator being fixed on upright of frame, can make liquid
Pressure lifting platform lifts under the driving of hydraulic elevator；Middle level is size with respect to the smaller tablet in upper strata, with upper strata actually
One, middle level is equipped with guide rail on lower surface, horizontally slips for the motor of dynamic rotation system along guide rail；Bottom is a pressurization
Table top, table top center are welded with a vertical pivot, which mutually welds with shaft coupling pressing plate, it is made to form an entirety, is played to shaft coupling pressure
Plate transmits the effect of vertical pressure.
Dynamic rotation system is installed on hydraulic elevator platform lower part, including motor, gear, hollow gear shaft, vertical bearing and
Upper disk ball, hollow gear shaft are a hollow rotary vertical pivots, and middle part is hollowed out so that aforementioned vertical pivot is nested in
Wherein, hollow gear shaft is internally provided with the vertical bearing with ball, and hollow gear shaft can be made arbitrarily to be rotated around center vertical pivot, empty
Upper disk ball is set in heart gear shaft top end surface, and the region being located on the outside of vertical pivot with hydraulic elevator platform bottom directly offsets,
Both the consolidation pressure of hydraulic elevator platform application can have been transmitted, can also hollow gear shaft made to be rotated freely around vertical pivot；In hollow gear shaft
Portion protrusion gear ring with left and right two motor output shafts on gear be meshed, and by its with rotation hollow gear shaft bottom and
Four equally distributed rotary arm welding, can pass to shear box by rotating torque by rotary arm；Before motor is mounted on
On the guide rail in the text hydraulic elevator platform middle level, mutually nibbled by the gear on output shaft and the gear ring on aforementioned hollow gear shaft
Close, motor can by power pass to hollow gear shaft, when sample carry out consolidation early period when, motor can slide to two along guide rail
Side is allowed to detach with hollow gear shaft；When needing to carry out style shearing, motor is needed again along guide rail slid inward, makes electricity
The gear on gear and hollow gear shaft on machine transmission shaft is progressively engaged, then starts shearing test.
Internal moisture needs to exclude when being consolidated in view of soil sample, and the present invention is set in the cylindrical support platform of frame base
Rhone is put, the notch surface of rhone is covered with one layer of felt, is laid with one piece of water filter plate in slot, crosses the soil sample being mingled in drainage
Grain, slot bottom are connected with drainpipe, are mainly played a role in the drainage in soil sample consolidation and shear history；Drainpipe is arranged on framework bottom
In seat, it is connected with draining trench bottom, for the draining during Control experiment.
In addition, the present invention also sets up monitor control system, monitor control system can be used for realizing human-computer interaction, testing crew
Can operation and control be carried out, while store the prison with sensor in back-to-back testing by controller to experiment process by controller
Measured data, the system include controller, signal-transmitting cable, angular displacement sensor, rotating torque sensor and 2 or more soil pressures
Power meter；Angular displacement sensor is mounted on rotary arm, for measuring the turned angle of shear box in shear history, the sensing
Monitoring data are fed back to controller by device in time, are stored data so as to controller or are made dependent instruction in time to motor progress
SERVO CONTROL；Rotating torque sensor is installed on the middle part gear ring of hollow gear shaft, is carried for monitoring motor in shear history
The rotating torque of confession, while the sensor can timely feedback data to controller, to facilitate controller storage data or in time
It makes dependent instruction and SERVO CONTROL is carried out to motor；Earth pressure gauge is divided into four vertical setting of types, each vertical setting of types respectively there are four earth pressure gauge,
Equidistantly distributed from top to bottom, four vertical setting of types are cylinder to be laid in the soil sample of the motionless room of shear box, is located proximate in setting
Good cylindrical shear surface, the dynamometry face of earth pressure gauge are parallel to shear surface, are mainly used for measuring in sample loading and shearing
Normal pressure on shear surface in the process, earth pressure gauge can by signal-transmitting cable by the pressure data measured in real time
Feeding back to controller, then controller can in time carry out hydraulic elevator platform SERVO CONTROL to adjust to sample plus unloading, from
And ensure the normal pressure in sample shear history on vertical shear face and remain unchanged.
Compared with existing ring shear apparatus, the advantages of ring shear test instrument provided by the invention suitable for vertical shearing face, is：
1st, the present invention has devised a kind of experimental rig for generating vertical cylindrical shear surface, and the normal direction of shear surface is vertical
In shearing angular velocity vector direction.
2nd, while the present invention can realize big displacement shearing and keep the section of shear constant, it can be ensured that cut on shear surface
It cuts displacement and distribution of shear stress is uniform, vertical shearing face is rotated by polylith shear plate to be formed, vertical in shear history to control
Shear breakage is formed uniformly, and can avoid the shear surface soil body during being cut caused by shear plate is very few or laying is uneven
Destroy non-uniform phenomenon.
3rd, the ring shear test instrument provided by the invention suitable for vertical shearing face ring shear test instrument different from the past, this hair
Bright ring shear test instrument does not require the width of shear surface, therefore the size of sample is unrestricted, is applicable to bulky grain soil
The Large Shear experiment of rock mixture, it is easier to simulate the mechanical property of sliding soil within landslide zones reality.
4th, the present invention is configured with computer servo control system, and hydraulic lifting system can be controlled, can be according to examination
Demand is tested to carry out sample in real time plus unload, and monitoring data can be received in real time by computer and store up data
It deposits.
5th, computer servo-system of the invention, the monitoring data that can be fed back by receiving rotating torque sensor,
Dependent instruction is made to motor in time, realizes Torque Control.
6th, computer servo-system of the invention, can by receive monitoring data that angular displacement sensor feeds back and
When make dependent instruction to motor, realize Bit andits control.
7th, computer servo-system of the invention, the monitoring data that can be fed back by receiving earth pressure gauge are right in time
Hydraulic elevator platform carries out SERVO CONTROL to adjust to sample plus unloading, so as to ensure the vertical shear face in sample shear history
On that level-one normal pressure remain unchanged.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the ring shear test instrument provided by the invention suitable for vertical shearing face.
Fig. 2 is the AA of Fig. 1 to sectional view.
Fig. 3 is the BB of Fig. 1 to sectional view.
Fig. 4 is the CC of Fig. 1 to sectional view.
Fig. 5 is the connection structure diagram of annular bottom plate and shear plate.
Wherein, 1- frames, 2- hydraulic elevators, 3- frequency converters, 4- gears, 5- angular displacement sensors, 6- shaft coupling pressing plates, 7-
Rubber washer A, 8- shear box outer cover, 9- earth pressure gauges, 10- soil samples, 11- pedestals, 12- annular grooves, 13- drainpipes, 14- cement
Ground, 15- cylindrical support platforms, 16- lower wall balls, 17- annular bottom plates, 18- rubber washers B, 19- rhone, 20- controls
Device, 21- rotary arms, 22- vertical pivots, 23- hollow gear shafts, 24- rotating torque sensors, the vertical bearings of 25-, 26- columns,
27- guide rails, 28- motors, the upper disk balls of 29-, 30- hydraulic elevator platforms, 31- hydraulic elevator platforms upper strata, in 32- hydraulic elevator platforms
Layer, 33- hydraulic elevator platform bottoms, 34- shear plates, 35- shearing board slots, 36- guide grooves, 37- conducting bars, 38- gear rings, 39- guide holes,
40- motor output shafts, 41- felt, 42- raised lines, 43- lug bosses.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is illustrated in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, present disclosure is not limited to following
Embodiment.
Ring shear test instrument provided by the invention suitable for vertical shearing face, structure as shown in Figure 1, including shear box,
Jacking system, dynamic rotation system, monitor control system and frame 1；
The frame 1 supports entire test structure, including pedestal 11 and the two root posts 26 for being fixed on 11 both sides of pedestal, bottom
The middle part of seat 11 is provided with rhone 19, and the notch surface of rhone 19 is covered with one layer of felt 41, one piece of water filter plate, slot are laid in slot
Bottom is connected with drainpipe 13, for the draining during Control experiment；The edge of 1 pedestal 11 of frame is provided with annular groove 12, supplies
The lower end insertion of shear box outer cover 8；Frame 1 is fixed on cement flooring 14 using big model bolt, makes it in experiment process
In play the role of protection test equipment and provide reaction of bearing；
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the shear box includes turning cell and motionless room two parts, and wherein turning cell includes shear box
The shear plate 34 that outer cover 8, annular bottom plate 17 and 4 pieces are placed vertically, as shown in figure 5,4 pieces of shear plates 34 along annular bottom plate 17 radially
It is equidistantly welded on annular bottom plate 17, and its width is equal to the width of annular bottom plate 17, the cover of shear box outer cover 8 is buckled in annular bottom
On plate 17 and shear plate 34,4 vertically arranged conducting bars of radially even setting in the inner surface of the casing of shear box outer cover 8
37, the edge of annular bottom plate 17 is radially even to open up 4 guide grooves 36 to match with 37 cross-sectional shape of conducting bar, guide groove 36
Between adjacent 2 pieces of shear plates 34, shear box outer cover 8 and annular bottom plate 17 are by the cooperation of the conducting bar 37 and guide groove 36 into luggage
With fixation, annular bottom plate 17, shear plate 34 and shear box outer cover 8 form a whole as a result, common rotation, shear box outer cover 8
Top plate for ring flat-plate, offer the corresponding shearing board slot 35 in and position identical with shear plate quantity thereon, it is embedding for shear plate 34
Enter, and shear plate 34 is allowed to pass through along notch, the top plate of shear box outer cover 8 and 4 rotary arms 21 of dynamic rotation system
Welding, welding position and the position of conducting bar 37 or guide groove 36 of 4 rotary arms 21 correspond, and be total to diameter two-by-two, transmit
The torque of dynamic rotation system loads；The motionless room includes shaft coupling pressing plate 6, rubber washer A7, rubber washer B18 and cylinder
Support platform 15, cylindrical support platform 15 are actually a part for frame base 11, and the center of frame base 11 is grand upwards
It is to form the cylindrical support platform 15 to rise, the central protuberance of cylindrical support platform 15, this is nested in 17 pairs of annular bottom plate
On lug boss 43, and by the size in rubber washer B18 controls gap between the two, in annular bottom plate 17 and cylindrical support
Lower wall ball 16 is equipped between the rest part of platform 15, lower wall ball 16 is contacted with 17 lower surface of annular bottom plate, the shaft coupling
6 centering of pressing plate is in the centre bore of 8 top plate of shear box outer cover, on lower surface and the lug boss of cylindrical support platform 15
2 or more raised lines 42 of radially even setting, shaft coupling pressing plate 6 drive progress normal force to add by jacking system on 43 upper surface
It carries, can be generated under the control of jacking system to bottom offset, vertical pressure, at the same time, shaft coupling pressure are applied to soil sample 10 step by step
Raised line 42 on plate 6 and lug boss 43 is deeply rolled into the soil body, plays the role of fixed indoor soil sample 10；
The jacking system includes two groups of hydraulic elevators 2, frequency converter 3 and hydraulic elevator platform 30, two groups of hydraulic elevators 2
It is individually fixed in the two root posts 26 of frame 1, drives hydraulic elevator platform 30, the hydraulic elevator platform 30 is three layers of knot of falling tower
Structure, hydraulic elevator 2 are connected with hydraulic elevator platform upper strata 31, and the left and right ends on hydraulic elevator platform upper strata 31 have guide hole
39, it is passed through for the two root posts 26 of frame 1, two guide rails 27, liquid is symmetrically installed on 32 lower surface of middle level of hydraulic elevator platform
The 33 table top center of bottom of lifting platform is pressed to be equipped with a vertical pivot 22, which is connected with shaft coupling pressing plate 6, transmits pressure；
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the dynamic rotation system is installed on 30 lower part of hydraulic elevator platform, including two motors 28, two
A gear 4, hollow gear shaft 23, vertical bearing 25 and upper disk ball 29, the hollow gear shaft 23 are set in hydraulic elevator platform
On 30 vertical pivot 22, vertical bearing 25 is assemblied in therebetween, and hollow gear shaft 23 can be made arbitrarily to be rotated around vertical pivot 22, hollow
The lower end of gear shaft 23 is connected with rotary arm 21, upper disk ball 29 be installed on 23 top surface of hollow gear shaft and with hydraulic pressure liter
33 table top of bottom of drop platform is in contact, and the motor 28 is installed on by sliding block on the guide rail 27 in 30 middle level 32 of hydraulic elevator platform,
It can horizontally slip along guide rail, gear 4 is installed on the output shaft 40 of motor, and is nibbled with the middle part gear ring 38 of hollow gear shaft 23
It closes；
The monitor control system includes controller 20, signal-transmitting cable, angular displacement sensor 5, rotating torque sensing
Device 24 and 16 earth pressure gauges 9, angular displacement sensor 5 are mounted on rotary arm 21, for measuring the angle cut in experiment,
Rotating torque sensor 24 is installed on the gear ring 38 of hollow gear shaft 23, for monitoring the rotation that motor provides in shear history
Power, 16 earth pressure gauges 9 divide for 4 vertical setting of types, and each vertical setting of types is respectively there are four earth pressure gauge, from top to bottom equidistantly distributed, four
Vertical setting of types is cylinder to be laid in the soil sample 10 of the motionless room of shear box, is located proximate in the cylindrical shear surface set, angle position
Displacement sensor 5, rotating torque sensor 24 and earth pressure gauge 9 pass through signal-transmitting cable access controller 20, controller 20
Mandatory operation is carried out to hydraulic elevator 2, motor 4 by signal-transmitting cable simultaneously.
The basic process that large-scale ring shear test is carried out using the present invention is as follows：
First, sample loads
Firstly the need of operation computer, two motors in left and right is made to slide to both sides respectively along guide rail, then proceed to operation meter
Calculation machine, control hydraulic elevator drive slowly decline.At this time lifting platform with shaft coupling pressing plate and shear box outer cover together slowly under
Drop.When shear box outer cover lower edge and sample will be close, need to be directed at the semicircle conducting bar of box metal casing inner wall and examination
Sample edge is rolled the guide groove (this sample guide groove is corresponding with equidistant 4 guide grooves being provided with of annular bottom plate outer edge) come, alignment
Later, continue slowly to decline, until metal casing top end face and shaft coupling pressing plate contact completely with sample top surface (since strip is cut
The spatial position of cutting plate slot is just corresponding with four pieces of shear plates, and therefore, shear plate is against just on strip shearing board slot).It
Afterwards, it can transmit vertical pressure by manipulating hydraulic elevator by rotary arm and center vertical pivot, (this loaded to sample
When, shear box outer cover can downwards migrate by the vertical conducting bar of madial wall along the guide groove opened up on annular bottom plate, and shear plate can edge
It shear box outer cover top end face shearing board slot to rise, shearing board slot allows shear plate along notch to pass through).Soil pressure is needed at this time
Power meter monitors that Primary Assay pressure on shear surface in real time, and passes through signal-transmitting cable and will monitor number in time
According to feeding back to computer.By computer to the SERVO CONTROL function of hydraulic system, hydraulic elevator is adjusted in real time so that soil pressure
The numerical value that power measures is maintained on the compressive load needed for shearing test.
2nd, shearing test
Pass through the loading of previous step so that the pressure on shear surface is maintained at the pressure lotus needed for shearing test
After in load, it is possible to start shearing test.First, by calculating hands- operation, two motors in left and right are distinguished along guide rail
Slid inward so that motor output shaft gear is meshed with the gear ring of hollow gear shaft.Then start motor, by the power of motor
Hollow gear shaft is passed to, hollow gear shaft drives rotary arm and metal casing to start to cut.In shear history, angular displacement passes
Sensor and torque sensor start monitoring data, and timely feedback to computer, computer to be facilitated to preserve or make in time phase
It closes instruction and SERVO CONTROL is carried out to motor.Earth pressure gauge is all monitored in real time on shear surface in entire shear history
Test pressure, and timely feedback to computer, SERVO CONTROL carried out to hydraulic system in the hope of computer, it is vertical in guarantee test
Experiment is kept not changed with value in the test pressure on shear surface.
The innovation of the present invention is the provision of a kind of ring shear test instrument suitable for vertical shearing face, is cut because it can be ensured that
Shear displacemant and distribution of shear stress are uniform on section, thus the thickness in vertical shearing face is unrestricted so that bulky grain object is deposited
Large Shear experiment be achieved.Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and deformation to the present invention
Without departing from scope and spirit of the present invention.But if these changes and deformation belong to the claims in the present invention and its equivalent skill
In the range of art, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and deformation.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ring shear test instrument suitable for vertical shearing face, including at least shear box, jacking system, dynamic rotation system and
Frame, it is characterised in that：The shear box include turning cell and motionless room two parts, wherein turning cell include shear box outer cover,
Annular bottom plate and 4 pieces or more the shear plates placed vertically, shear plate are fixed on annular bottom plate along annular bottom plate is radially uniform, cut
It cuts box outer cover cover to be buckled on annular bottom plate and shear plate, the case and annular bottom plate of the shear box outer cover are by being set to the two
Between conducting bar and guide groove assembling fix, the top plate of shear box outer cover is ring flat-plate, is offered thereon identical with shear plate quantity
Board slot is sheared, is embedded in for shear plate, the top plate of shear box outer cover is connect with the rotary arm of dynamic rotation system, transmits torque；
The motionless room includes rubber washer, shaft coupling pressing plate and cylindrical support platform, and the shaft coupling pressing plate centering is outside shear box
It in the centre bore of cowl top panel, and is driven by jacking system and carries out normal force loading, the cylindrical support platform is consolidated with frame
Even, it is nested on cylindrical support platform in annular bottom plate pair, and the size in gap between the two is controlled by rubber washer.
2. the ring shear test instrument according to claim 1 suitable for vertical shearing face, it is characterised in that：The cylindrical branch
The central protuberance of platform is supportted, is nested on the lug boss in annular bottom plate pair, in its of annular bottom plate and cylindrical support platform
Lower wall ball is equipped between remaining part point, lower wall ball is contacted with annular bottom plate lower surface.
3. the ring shear test instrument according to claim 1 suitable for vertical shearing face, it is characterised in that：The jacking system
Including hydraulic elevator, frequency converter and hydraulic elevator platform, hydraulic elevator is fixed on frame, passes through transducer drive hydraulic pressure liter
Platform lifting is dropped, and shaft coupling pressing plate is connected with being set to the vertical pivot at hydraulic elevator platform center.
4. the ring shear test instrument according to claim 3 suitable for vertical shearing face, it is characterised in that：The hydraulic lifting
Platform falls pyramidal structure for three layers, and hydraulic elevator is connected with upper strata, guide rail is equipped on the lower surface of middle level, bottom table top center is set
There is a vertical pivot, which is connected with shaft coupling pressing plate.
5. the ring shear test instrument according to claim 4 suitable for vertical shearing face, it is characterised in that：The dynamic rotation
System is installed on hydraulic elevator platform lower part, described hollow including motor, gear, hollow gear shaft, vertical bearing and upper disk ball
On vertical pivot of the gear bush loaded on hydraulic elevator platform, vertical axis, which installs, to be assigned in therebetween, the lower end of hollow gear shaft and rotation
The arm of force is connected, and upper disk ball is installed on hollow gear shaft top surface and is in contact with the bottom table top of hydraulic elevator platform, described
Motor is installed on by sliding block on the guide rail in hydraulic elevator platform middle level, and gear is installed on motor output shaft and hollow gear shaft
Engagement.
6. the ring shear test instrument according to claim 5 suitable for vertical shearing face, it is characterised in that：The frame includes
Pedestal and the two root posts for being fixed on pedestal both sides, hydraulic elevator are fixed in two root posts, the left side on hydraulic elevator platform upper strata
Right both ends have guide hole, are passed through for the two root posts of frame.
7. the ring shear test instrument according to claim 6 suitable for vertical shearing face, it is characterised in that：Further include monitoring control
System processed, monitor control system include controller, signal-transmitting cable, angular displacement sensor, rotating torque sensor and 2 with
Upper earth pressure gauge, angular displacement sensor are mounted on rotary arm, and rotating torque sensor is installed on the middle part of hollow gear shaft
On gear ring, each earth pressure gauge is uniformly distributed in the soil sample in shear box, angular displacement sensor, rotating torque sensor and soil pressure
Power meter by signal-transmitting cable access controller, the hydraulic elevator of jacking system and the motor of dynamic rotation system by
Controller control operation.
8. the ring shear test instrument according to claim 6 suitable for vertical shearing face, it is characterised in that：The bottom of the frame
Seat is structure as a whole with cylindrical support platform, and rhone, the notch surface of rhone are provided in the middle part of cylindrical support platform
One layer of felt is covered with, is laid with one piece of water filter plate in slot, slot bottom is connected with drainpipe.
9. the ring shear test instrument according to claim 8 suitable for vertical shearing face, it is characterised in that：The frame base
Edge be provided with annular groove, for shear box outer cover lower end be embedded in.
10. the ring shear test instrument according to claim 1 suitable for vertical shearing face, it is characterised in that：The shaft coupling pressure
Equal 2 or more raised lines of radially even setting on the lower surface of plate and on the upper surface of cylindrical support platform.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108225945A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-29 | 福建省地质工程勘察院 | A kind of stacked ring type ring shear apparatus and stacked ring shear test |
| CN108801804B (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2020-02-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Vertical shear surface ring shear tester capable of applying confining pressure |
| CN108426786B (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2019-09-17 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of shear box suitable for vertical ring shear test |
| CN109557023B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-02-12 | 河海大学 | Pressure plate system capable of self-adaptive stretching deformation and use method thereof |
| CN111044390B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2023-03-14 | 武汉科技大学 | Shear box for testing structural surface anisotropy of rock sample and use method thereof |
| CN112540012B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2023-11-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Annular pure shear loading method and device for pipe |
| CN113049399B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2023-11-21 | 广西科技大学 | Multifunctional creep deformation instrument for geosynthetic material and test method thereof |
| CN113237711B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2023-03-21 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for manufacturing sample of barrel-shaped structural surface and externally tangent and internally-blocked barrel-shaped shearing instrument |
| CN117288603B (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-03-08 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Up-to-down resistance type multi-layer high-efficiency ring shear tester and application thereof |
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