CN107011995B - A kind of method for dry distillation extraction of plant aromatic oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for dry distillation and extraction of plant aromatic oil. The raw materials are cut into pieces, dropped into a closed hopper, and transported into a dry heat distillation device by a closed conveying device installed at the bottom of the hopper. The dry heat distillation device is composed of a static shell and a rotating heat exchange tube bundle. The heat source medium of a predetermined temperature is passed into the heat exchange tube bundle to indirectly heat the material in the dry heat distillation device, so that the aromatic oil and water in the material are mixed. The gas flows out through the top outlet and is condensed into a liquid state through the condenser, and the material itself is output from the outlet through the closed conveying device. The method of the present invention can improve the daily processing capacity, reduce labor intensity and labor cost; prevent The plant aromatic oil is lost; it is beneficial to realize the rapid distillation of the material and improve the thermal efficiency of the distillation; it is beneficial to the steaming of the high-boiling aromatic oil components, and the material components that cannot be obtained by the traditional process are obtained.

Description

A kind of method for dry distillation extraction of plant aromatic oil

technical field

The invention relates to a method for dry distillation and extraction of plant aromatic oil, in particular to a method for distilling aromatic oil using high temperature indirect heating and continuous dry heat.

Background technique

At present, the distillation and extraction of plant aromatic oil all adopts atmospheric pressure retort steam distillation method or autoclave steam distillation method. The shortcoming of these two methods is:

1. Although the atmospheric pressure retort steam distillation method is simple in equipment and easy to operate, because the distillation is carried out at the boiling point of water, it is difficult for a large amount of high-boiling aromatic oil components contained in plants to be distilled out with steam, resulting in incomplete distillation and aroma. Low oil yield; 2. Although the pressure kettle type steam distillation method can overcome the shortcomings of the atmospheric pressure retort type steam distillation method and realize high temperature distillation, the distillation kettle equipment is a pressure vessel, which has high equipment investment costs, high requirements on workers' operation, and great potential safety hazards;

3. In addition, the disadvantages common to both steam distillation methods are:

(1) It consumes a lot of water vapor and heat energy, the heat energy of the heat medium (steam) is difficult to recover, and the energy cost is high;

(2) Because a large amount of water vapor enters the volatilized aromatic oil, a large amount of cooling water is consumed during subsequent cooling;

(3) The water content of the waste residue after distillation is large, and the processing costs such as drying during subsequent use are high.

Based on the above shortcomings, the traditional distillation method consumes a lot of water and energy costs, and the distillation rate of aromatic oil can only reach 40% to 50% of the actual oil content, so that such resources cannot be fully utilized.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for dry distillation and extraction of plant aromatic oil, which can overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods, such as low extraction efficiency, high energy consumption, and large water content of the waste residue after distillation, which is not conducive to subsequent utilization.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is, a method for dry distillation and extraction of plant aromatic oil, which adopts an indirect heating method that does not contact a heat source medium to heat the raw material, and the aromatic oil contained therein is fully volatilized to form a mixed The gas escapes from the gas outlet, and is cooled and separated to obtain aromatic oil.

Further, the raw material is one or more of the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of plants.

Further, the raw materials are pulverized before heating.

A kind of method for dry distillation extraction of plant aromatic oil as above, comprises the following steps:

a. After the raw material is crushed into pieces, it falls into the hopper, and the conveying device installed at the bottom of the hopper transports the material to the dry heat distillation device;

b. The material is indirectly heated by the heat source medium in the heat exchange tube bundle in the dry heat distillation device composed of a stationary shell and a rotating heat exchange tube bundle;

c. Under the action of heat, the aromatic oil and water in the material form a mixed gas, which is collected at the top of the dry heat distillation device, and flows into the condenser through the air pipe to condense into liquid; the material automatically and evenly flips and moves along the axial direction in the dry heat distillation device After 15 to 35 minutes, the waste residue is automatically discharged from the discharge port;

Further, the raw material is in a closed space during the crushing and conveying process.

Further, the crushed material is passed through a 10 mm sieve.

Further, a plurality of heat exchange tube bundles in the dry heat distillation device are arranged to achieve better heating effect.

Further, the initial temperature of the heat source medium is 150-230° C., which realizes high-temperature and short-time distillation, so that aromatic oils with higher boiling points can be distilled out.

Further, the heat source medium is one or more combinations of methyl silicone oil, vegetable oil and synthetic motor oil.

Preferably, the top of the dry heat distillation device is provided with a filter and dust filter.

Preferably, the movement trajectory of the material in the tube bundle type dry heat distillation device is a spiral movement.

Preferably, the material moves in the opposite direction to the heat source medium in the tube bundle type dry heat distillation device.

The method of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Continuous feeding, continuous distillation and continuous discharging to improve the daily processing capacity. At the same time, effectively reduce labor intensity and labor cost;

2. Airtight inlet and outlet materials to prevent the loss of plant aromatic oil;

3. Dry heat distillation, increasing the distillation temperature, is conducive to the rapid distillation of materials and improving the thermal efficiency of distillation; it is conducive to the distillation of high-boiling aromatic oil components, and the material components that cannot be obtained by the traditional process can be obtained. Compared with the traditional method, it can improve the Oil yield 30-40%;

4. Compared with the traditional method, no steam is used in the distillation process, which greatly reduces the total amount of distilled water and oil mixture, thereby greatly reducing the amount of cooling water (20-30%);

5. Using indirect heating method, the heating medium and the remaining heat can be recycled and reused, which saves 50-60% of the power cost compared with the traditional method;

6. The dry heat material (waste residue) is obtained, which can be directly used as fuel or raw material for making biomass briquette fuel or for other purposes. Compared with the traditional steam distillation method, the labor or power cost of the subsequent drying process is saved.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of the dry heat distiller used in Examples 1 to 6.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: a kind of method for dry distillation extraction of camphor tree branch, leaf aromatic oil, may further comprise the steps:

a. The branches and leaves of the camphor tree are fed to the chopper (1), the leaves of the camphor tree are chopped, and the crushed material is passed through a 10 mm sieve.

b. The chopped materials are naturally scattered into the closed conveying device (2), and the closed conveying device (2) transports the chopped materials to the dry heat distillation device (3) through the feed port (31) into the dry heat distillation device (3). In 3), the material is removed between the stationary shell (32) of the dry heat distillation device (3) and the plurality of rotating heat exchange tube bundles (33) through the shovel plate (34) installed on the heat exchange tube bundle (33). The material is scooped up and refluxed at a high position, so that the material moves spirally in the dry heat distillation device, and is fully and evenly heated in contact with the heat exchange tube bundle (33). The initial temperature of the heat source medium in the heat exchange tube bundle is 180°C;

c. The generated oil-water mixed steam flows out from the steam outlet (35) to the cooler for cooling treatment. When the outlet flows out from the steam outlet, the dust is filtered by the filter (36) installed on the steam outlet (35); The slag is automatically and evenly turned over and moved in the axial direction for 25 minutes in the dry heat distillation device (3).

Example 2:

A method for dry distillation extraction of camphor oil root aromatic oil, comprising the following steps:

a. The camphor root is fed to the chopper (1), the root is chopped, and the crushed material is passed through a 10 mm sieve.

b. The chopped materials are naturally scattered into the closed conveying device (2), and the closed conveying device (2) transports the chopped materials to the dry heat distillation device (3) through the feed port (31) into the dry heat distillation device (3). In 3), the material is removed between the stationary shell (32) of the dry heat distillation device (3) and the plurality of rotating heat exchange tube bundles (33) through the shovel plate (34) installed on the heat exchange tube bundle (33). The material is scooped up and refluxed at a high position, so that the material spirally moves in the dry heat distillation device, and is fully and evenly heated in contact with the heat exchange tube bundle (33). The initial temperature of the heat source medium in the heat exchange tube bundle is 230°C;

c. The generated oil-water mixed steam flows out from the steam outlet (35) to the cooler for cooling treatment. When the outlet flows out from the steam outlet, the dust is filtered by the filter (36) installed on the steam outlet (35); The root slag is automatically and evenly turned over and moved in the axial direction for 30 minutes in the dry heat distillation device (3).

Example 3:

A method for dry distillation and extraction of Cinnamomum fragrans branch and leaf aromatic oil, comprising the following steps:

a. Cinnamomum laurel branches and leaves are fed to the shredder (1), and the branches and leaves of Cinnamomum laurel are chopped, and the pieces are passed through a 6 mm sieve.

b. The chopped materials are naturally scattered into the closed conveying device (2), and the closed conveying device (2) transports the chopped materials to the dry heat distillation device (3) through the feed port (31) into the dry heat distillation device (3). In 3), the material is removed between the stationary shell (32) of the dry heat distillation device (3) and the plurality of rotating heat exchange tube bundles (33) through the shovel plate (34) installed on the heat exchange tube bundle (33). The material is scooped up and refluxed at a high position, so that the material spirally moves in the dry heat distillation device, and is fully and evenly heated in contact with the heat exchange tube bundle (33). The initial temperature of the heat source medium in the heat exchange tube bundle is 230°C;

c. The generated oil-water mixed steam flows out from the steam outlet (35) to the cooler for cooling treatment. When the outlet flows out from the steam outlet, the dust is filtered by the filter (36) installed on the steam outlet (35); The branch and leaf residues are automatically and evenly turned over and moved in the axial direction for 30 minutes in the dry heat distillation device (3). .

Example 4:

A method for dry distillation and extraction of aromatic oil from Radix japonica fruit, comprising the following steps:

a. The fruit is sent into the airtight conveying device (2), and the airtight conveying device (2) conveys the material to the dry heat distillation device (3) through the feed port (31) into the dry heat distillation device (3). , the material is scooped up by the shovel plate (34) installed on the heat exchange tube bundle (33) between the stationary shell (32) of the dry heat distillation device (3) and the plurality of rotating heat exchange tube bundles (33). , refluxing at a high level, so that the material spirally moves in the dry heat distillation device, and is fully and uniformly contacted with the heat exchange tube bundle (33) to be heated, and the initial temperature of the heat source medium in the heat exchange tube bundle is 150 ℃;

c. The generated oil-water mixed steam flows out from the steam outlet (35) to the cooler for cooling treatment. When the outlet flows out from the steam outlet, the dust is filtered by the filter (36) installed on the steam outlet (35); The fruit residue is automatically and evenly turned over and moved in the axial direction for 20 minutes in the dry heat distillation device (3).

Example 5:

A method for dry distillation extraction of cassia bark aromatic oil, comprising the following steps:

a. Chuangui bark is fed to the chopper (1), the Chuangui bark is chopped, and the pieces are passed through a 10 mm sieve.

b. The chopped materials are naturally scattered into the closed conveying device (2), and the closed conveying device (2) transports the chopped materials to the dry heat distillation device (3) through the feed port (31) into the dry heat distillation device (3). In 3), the material is removed between the stationary shell (32) of the dry heat distillation device (3) and the plurality of rotating heat exchange tube bundles (33) through the shovel plate (34) installed on the heat exchange tube bundle (33). The material is scooped up and refluxed at a high position, so that the material spirally moves in the dry heat distillation device, and is fully and evenly heated in contact with the heat exchange tube bundle (33). The initial temperature of the heat source medium in the heat exchange tube bundle is 230°C;

c. The generated oil-water mixed steam flows out from the steam outlet (35) to the cooler for cooling treatment. When the outlet flows out from the steam outlet, the dust is filtered by the filter (36) installed on the steam outlet (35); The bark slag is automatically and evenly turned over and moved in the axial direction for 35 minutes in the dry heat distillation device (3).

Example 6:

A method for dry distillation and extraction of lavender flower aromatic oil, comprising the following steps:

a. The lavender flower ear is fed to the chopper (1), the lavender flower ear is chopped, and the crushed material is passed through a 10 mm sieve.

b. The chopped materials are naturally scattered into the closed conveying device (2), and the closed conveying device (2) transports the chopped materials to the dry heat distillation device (3) through the feed port (31) into the dry heat distillation device (3). In 3), the material is removed between the stationary shell (32) of the dry heat distillation device (3) and the plurality of rotating heat exchange tube bundles (33) through the shovel plate (34) installed on the heat exchange tube bundle (33). The material is scooped up and refluxed at a high position, so that the material moves spirally in the dry heat distillation device, and is fully and evenly heated in contact with the heat exchange tube bundle (33). The initial temperature of the heat source medium in the heat exchange tube bundle is 200°C;

c. The generated oil-water mixed steam flows out from the steam outlet (35) to the cooler for cooling treatment. When the outlet flows out from the steam outlet, the dust is filtered by the filter (36) installed on the steam outlet (35); In the dry heat distillation device (3), the strawberry ear slag is automatically turned evenly and moved in the axial direction for 15 minutes, and the waste residue is automatically discharged from the discharge port (37), and flows out into the closed conveyor (4) for output as dry material.

Claims (4)

1. A method for extracting plant aromatic oil by dry distillation is characterized in that the raw material is heated by an indirect heating mode without contacting with a heat source medium, aromatic oil contained in the raw material is fully volatilized to form mixed gas, the mixed gas escapes from a gas outlet, and the aromatic oil is obtained after cooling and separation; the indirect heating mode is tubular heat exchange heating;

the method comprises the following steps:

a. after being crushed into crushed materials, the raw materials are conveyed into a dry heat distillation device;

b. the material is in the dry heat distillation device composed of a static shell and a rotary heat exchange tube bundle, and is indirectly heated by a heat source medium in the heat exchange tube bundle, the material is between the static shell and the plurality of rotary heat exchange tube bundles of the dry heat distillation device, and is scooped up by a scooping plate arranged on the heat exchange tube bundle and flows back at a high position, so that the material spirally moves in the dry heat distillation device, and the moving direction of the material is opposite to the flowing direction of the heat source medium;

c. under the action of heat, the aromatic oil and the water in the material form mixed gas, the mixed gas is collected at the top of the dry heat distillation device and flows into a condenser through a gas guide pipe to be condensed into liquid; the material automatically and uniformly turns in the dry heat distillation device and moves for 15-35 minutes along the axial direction, and waste residues are automatically discharged from a discharge port;

the raw materials are in a closed space in the crushing and conveying processes;

the initial temperature of the heat source medium is 150-230 ℃, and high-temperature short-time distillation is realized.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant material is one or more of plant root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit.

3. The method for extracting plant aroma oil by dry distillation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw material is pulverized and then passed through a 10 mm mesh.

4. The method for extracting plant aromatic oil by dry distillation according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tube bundle in the dry heat distillation device is provided with a plurality of tubes.

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