CN107001956A - Carbon molecules gasification fired boiler electricity-generating method - Google Patents
Carbon molecules gasification fired boiler electricity-generating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107001956A CN107001956A CN201480065842.3A CN201480065842A CN107001956A CN 107001956 A CN107001956 A CN 107001956A CN 201480065842 A CN201480065842 A CN 201480065842A CN 107001956 A CN107001956 A CN 107001956A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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Abstract
A kind of carbon molecules gasification, and combustion electricity-generating method, this method includes following main technique：Plus desulfurizing agent coal, first sulphur removal is gasificated into cleaning coal gas in molecule gasification furnace；Heating gas is mixed with low excess air, in the hearth combustion of boiler；According to ature of coal and needs, coal tar and dedusting can be refined；High-temperature flue gas exchanges heat through boiler heating surface, from chimney discharge up to standard；The steam that boiler is produced, drives steam turbine power generation.Described gasification process supporting can be also applied in gas internal-combustion engine and gas turbine generating system, the cooled coal gas needed for manufacture；Material gas can also be produced.This method application surface is wide, and technique is simple, safe operation, environmental protection and energy saving.
Description
The present patent application is mutually referred to
Priority of the present invention is two Chinese invention patent applications：201310653009.8, power plant's coal base boiler carbon molecules gasification combustion method；201410400491.9, carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler (kiln) method.
Coal fired power generation method, the gasification fired boiler electricity-generating method that particularly a kind of coal is designed from molecular level are cleaned the present invention relates to one kind.
Currently, climate change, environmental degradation, resource scarcity turn into global problem.Energy-saving and emission-reduction, reply climate change, also have become a focus and focus for International Politics from technical change.
The Energy Situation of China is that coal is more, oil less, gas it is poor, be production of energy based on coal and consume big country.Coal consumption has accounted for the half of world's total amount, and more than 80% is still using traditional direct combustion system (combustion of fire grate layer, fluidized bed combustion, coal dust firing, moulded coal and cool water mixture burning etc.).Environmental science thinks：This direct combustion system of coal, is also the primary pollution source that current China produces gray haze.
However, this direct coal-fired mode, future will also be continued to use by the whole world.Such as International Energy Agency 2021-2050 efficient low-discharging coal-fired power generator set routes, still using CFBB and the Direct-Combustion Technology of pulverized-coal fired boiler.China also using this CFBB and pulverized-coal fired boiler as Future Development important technology.This is not recognized mainly from basic theory：Direct combustion method, is that the gas gas-phase objects of the solid formation in coal and pyrolysis are mixed in together, is burnt in same burner hearth, run counter to gas-particle two-phase thing each aptitude to burn, rule.This directly burning is carried out complete, will be using excessive air (α >=1.2), as a result attend to one thing and lose sight of another, cause first largely to produce the hazardous contaminant (SOx, NOx etc.) relevant with oxygen in combustion process on the contrary, then administered again.So not only complex process, and cost is high, or even also result in " pollution treatment is again raw dirty " discharge difficult situation up to standard of unstable, pollution treatment.
The coal base IGCC technology of current whole world development, although generating efficiency is higher, but benefit is not necessarily high.Moreover, because complex process, operating difficulties, operating cost is high, invest big the problems such as, current popularization and application are very limited.Probe into its basic reason：It is due to caused by having continued to use traditional high-ratio surface, high temperature, the Coal Gasification Technology of high pressure.
To above-mentioned technical matters, the efficiency thinking of whole world custom and working standard are such weigh：
QPractical coal energy/(QThe original gross energy of coal)=maximum
(BUtilize coal discharge amount of pollution)/BThe original total amount of pollutant of coal=minimum
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned present situation, the present invention proposes that coal utilization presses energy environment protection benefit theory：
QPractical coal energy/(QThe original gross energy of coal+QUtilize the total energy consumption of coal process )=maximum
(BUtilize coal discharge amount of pollution+BPollution treatment total emission volumn )/BThe original total amount of pollutant of coal=minimum
Carry out comprehensive quantizing examination and development.So as to innovative technology, a kind of Coal Gasification burning boiler electricity-generating method designed from molecular level is proposed.Its process advantage is：Source prevention and control pollution, element decrement, high benefit realizes environmental protection and energy saving.
Realizing the technology path of this target is：Desulfurizing agent feed coal will first be added, it is sent into molecule gasification furnace sulphur removal and is gasificated into cleaning heating gas, then spirt boiler combustion again, heating surface heat exchange of the high-temperature flue gas through boiler is from chimney discharge up to standard, and the steam (hot water) that boiler is produced drives steam turbine power generation (heat supply).
Described molecule gasification furnace is using the thin positive reduction reaction mechanism gas making of bed of material complete oxidation coupling small bore deep bed sintering of large interface；Described molecule gasification furnace reducing zone is additionally arranged annulus temperature measurement point, zoneofoxidation correspondence is also provided with annular steam spray orifice, in operation, can be regulated and controled according to measuring point temperature change with steam, this regional control energy is timely, equilibrium meets technological requirement, it is ensured that gasification reaction is stable to be carried out；Described molecule gasification furnace is under anoxic conditions with desulfurizing agent sulphur removal (Ca/S matches component close to 1)；Described heating gas boiler burner hearth, using low excess air coefficient (α close to 1) burning, this be saved more than 10% air, the generation of the venomous injurant relevant with oxygen is reduced again；Described boiler is additionally arranged decoking (dirt) cavity in bottom, and it, which has, refines coal tar and dedusting double acting；Running, according to ature of coal and can need to refine coal tar, the dedusting function that burns can be also switched at any time.
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of typical gasification burning boiler electrification technique flow chart of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is a kind of typical the modified molecule gasification furnace and regulator control system figure of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is that a kind of typical case of the present invention is arranged symmetrically the structure chart of burner from boiler both sides.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that a kind of typical case of the present invention arranges the structure chart of burner from the side of boiler three.
Accompanying drawing 5 is a kind of from boiler (kiln) while the structure chart of arrangement burner of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 6 is that a kind of side of ultra-large type boiler four of the present invention is arranged symmetrically the structure chart of burner.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1,2,3 and specific embodiment to the detailed narration of the present invention：
Raw coal separates beans A by riddler's sequence, fine coal less than 10mm adds calcium (Ca/S matches component close to 1) that coal briquette B is made, aqueous qualified dry coal ball C (this standby coal measures system is than coal pulverized coal preparation system economize on electricity more than 50%) is baked with used heat, then the beans A and dry coal ball C gas making of firing machine feeding molecule gasification furnace 1；Gasifying agent sends into that (gasifying agent pressure of this manufacture fuel gas is generally less than 0.5kpa, and it reduces 58% than blast >=1.2kpa of existing coal dust and fluidized bed combustion, accordingly economizes on electricity 58%) through fire grate from furnace bottom；Clinker fire grate is discharged from furnace bottom.Described molecule gasification furnace 1 is thin using the large interface of original creation
The positive reduction reaction 1-5 mechanism gas making of bed of material complete oxidation 1-6 coupling small bore deep bed sinterings, this gasification process designed from molecular level, it can ensure that reaction in furnace is carried out in order, so as to high benefit improve gasification yield (same to ature of coal, same to yield, operation power consumption less than existing high temperature, high pressure gas fluidized bed and fluidized gasification 1%)；The thin bed of material complete oxidation 1-6 of described large interface, it is the structure by the bottom oxidation panel of molecule gasification furnace 1, raw material large area is spread out into straticulation, this just increases with a contact interface of interior fire grate 1-8 and the gasifying agent of outer fire grate 1-7 spirts, so as to accelerate oxidation reaction C+O2=CO2+ Q carry out speed, is allowed to more complete；The positive reduction reaction 1-5 of described small bore deep bed sintering, is the structure formation and realization by the top of molecule gasification furnace 1：It makes CO2Time of contact extension between+C=2CO-Q reactant；And the flow velocity for rising hot fluid is improved, so as to accelerate heat convection and mass transfer effect, raise the temperature of reduction section raw material post；The quantity of reactant carbon dioxide is quickly supplied again simultaneously, these factors necessarily accelerate the speed of reduction reaction, has made the not only fully but also complete of reaction progress；In order to ensure reaction temperature equilibrium meets technological requirement, described molecule gasification furnace 1 annular temperature measuring point 1-2 in upper reduction zone addition, the following zoneofoxidation of correspondence is also provided with annular steam spray orifice 1-1, in operation, when measuring point temperature exceedes setting and the annular temperature difference more than a fixed number (fixed according to ature of coal), automatic (manual) steam for opening bottom bullnose 1-1 of control system is regulated and controled (this regional control is timely, accurate and effective)；Described molecule gasification furnace 1 be under anoxic conditions with coal plus calcium sulphur removal gas making, therefore can be according to the sulfur content and discharge index of raw coal, by Ca/S close to 1 proportion design component, this realizes sulphur removal target up to standard with regard to high benefit；Calcic clinker fire grate is discharged from furnace bottom, is recycled as cement raw material；Heating gas enters outer burner 2, and (described decoking cavity 6 has refines coal tar and dedusting double acting to the cavity (combustion chamber) 6 through devoking (dirt)：1, according to ature of coal and needs, closes the air door of outer burner 2, it is played inertia impulsive force effect and refines coal tar, this coal tar is the raw material for producing active carbon from coal；2 can also transformation function at any time as requested, open and regulation and control air coordinate heating gas burning and dedusting), then enter inner burner 5 in burner hearth after-flame；Described heating gas is that (this has saved more than 10% air using low excess air coefficient (α close to 1) burning, accordingly reduce venomous injurant SOx, NOx relevant with oxygen etc. generation), heating surface of the high-temperature flue gas through boiler 3 exchanges heat from chimney discharge up to standard.Gasification, and combustion process pollutes from source prevention and control, and element decrement, high benefit realizes environmental protection and energy saving.The steam (hot water) that boiler 3 is produced drives steam turbine power generation (heat supply).
Fig. 2 is a kind of typical modified molecule gasification furnace 1 and control system figure of the present invention, and 1-1 is annular steam spray orifice；1-2 is annular thermometer hole；1-3 is coal filling hole；1-4 is gas exit；1-5 is small bore deep bed sintering reduction reaction area；1-6 is the thin material layer oxidation reaction zone of large interface；1-7 is outer fire grate；1-8 is interior fire grate；Clinker is discharged from furnace bottom；Gasifying agent is through fire grate spirt.This molecule gasification furnace 1 and gasification process, you can production cleaning heating gas, high benefit burning boiler and various kilns；Also supporting it can apply in gas internal-combustion engine and gas turbine generating system, the cooled coal gas needed for manufacture；Material gas can also be produced；Its yield that gasifies is big, and intensity of gasification index is 1000~2600kg/m2H, can maximize (single thousands of ton days of stove)；Operating cost is low (power consumption is less than same ature of coal, 1% with yield air flow bed and fluid bed).
Fig. 3 is that a kind of typical case of the present invention is arranged symmetrically the structure chart of outer burner from boiler both sides, and 2 be switchable and the outer burner of the downward gas injection of regulation and control air；3 be boiler furnace；4 be coke discharging (dirt) mouth；5 be inner burner；6
It is that can remove the cavity (combustion chamber) of coal tar (dirt)；7 be the coal gas chamber of burner；8 be the air chamber of burner；9 be to arrange air jet orifices on the wall shell of inner burner, wall shell；10 be the air chamber of inner burner.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that a kind of typical case of the present invention arranges the structure chart of outer burner from the side of boiler three, and 2 be the outer burner being blown downwards；3 be boiler furnace.
Accompanying drawing 5 is the miniature boiler of the present invention while the structure chart of arrangement burner, 2 be the outer burner being blown downwards；3 be boiler furnace.
Accompanying drawing 6 is that a kind of side of ultra-large type boiler four of the present invention is arranged symmetrically the structure chart for the burner being blown downwards, and 2 be the outer burner being blown downwards；3 be boiler furnace.
Due to carbon-molecule gasification, and combustion technology, realize from source prevention and control, element decrement, science radical cure pollution, overall process environmental protection and energy saving；And cost is low, long-term operation is reliable and stable；Can also the various coals of gasification, and combustion, biomass and other organic matters (discarded object)；Coal tar and transformation function dedusting can also be refined in boiler according to ature of coal and needs.
Therefore, application surface of the invention is extremely wide, and there is market in nearly all producing coal state, and the equipment for almost making fuel with coal, oil, gas, electricity all can use.And environmental benefit and economic benefit are huge.
Claims (8)
- A kind of carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler electricity-generating method, main technique includes：1. plus desulfurizing agent coal, first sulphur removal is gasificated into cleaning coal gas in molecule gasification furnace；2. heating gas is mixed with low excess air, in the hearth combustion of boiler；3. according to ature of coal and needs, coal tar and dedusting can be refined；4. high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat through boiler heating surface, from chimney discharge up to standard；5. the steam (hot water) that boiler is produced, drives steam turbine power generation (heat supply).
- Carbon according to claim 1-molecule gasification fired boiler electricity-generating method, it is characterised in that：Described technique is first gasified again burning boiler (kiln) using coal；Molecule gasification furnace consolidates sulphur under anoxic conditions (Ca/S matches component close to 1)；Combustion chamber α burns close to 1 low excess air；Overall process pollutes from source prevention and control, and element decrement realizes environmental protection and energy saving.
- Carbon according to claim 1 or 2-molecule gasification fired boiler electricity-generating method, it is characterised in that：Described molecule gasification furnace is additionally arranged gasification process regulation and control method, and annular thermometer hole is set up in upper reduction zone, and zoneofoxidation correspondence in bottom sets up annular steam spray orifice；According to measuring point temperature change, regulated and controled in time using steam, it is ensured that the positive reduction reaction of the thin bed of material complete oxidation reflection coupling small bore deep bed sintering of large interface is stable to be carried out.
- Carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler electricity-generating method according to claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that：The lower furnace portion of boiler arranges decoking (dirt) cavity (combustion chamber), and described decoking (dirt) cavity, which has, refines coal tar or dedusting double acting.
- Carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler electricity-generating method described in Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that：The outer burner of switchable and regulation and control air downward injection heating gas is arranged by periphery at the top of decoking (dirt) cavity (combustion chamber), described outer burner can be arranged on the side of boiler three, also can bilateral, four sides be arranged symmetrically, can also boiler (kiln) one side arrange.
- Carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler electricity-generating method described in claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that：Refining coal tar or dedusting can exchange at any time；The air valve of outer burner is closed, coal tar can be refined by it is played inertia impulsive force effect；It can also at any time open as requested and regulate and control air and coordinate heating gas cleaning burning dedusting.
- Modified molecule gasification furnace and gasification process, can produce the heating gas for various boilers (kiln) of burning；Also supporting it can apply in gas internal-combustion engine and gas turbine generating system, the cooled coal gas needed for manufacture；Material gas can also be produced.
- Carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler electricity-generating method described in claim 1 to 7, is according to energy environment protection benefit theory：QPractical coal energy/(QThe original gross energy of coal+QUtilize the total energy consumption of coal process )=maximum(BUtilize coal discharge amount of pollution+BPollution treatment total emission volumn )/BThe original total amount of pollutant of coal=minimumCarry out technological design and development.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410400491.9A CN104152181A (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | Carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler (kiln) method |
| CN201410400491.9 | 2014-08-15 | ||
| PCT/CN2014/001103 WO2015085653A1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-12-08 | Power generating method of carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler |
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| CN107001956A true CN107001956A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
| CN107001956B CN107001956B (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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| CN201410400491.9A Pending CN104152181A (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-08-15 | Carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler (kiln) method |
| CN201480065842.3A Active CN107001956B (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-08 | Carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler power generation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EA201691227A1 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2016-11-30 | Тао ЧЭНЬ | METHOD FOR DEVELOPING ELECTRIC ENERGY IN THE BOILER BY BURNING GAS-RECEIVED MOLECULAR CARBON |
| CN107083259A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-22 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Gas preparation method, the use system and combustion gas application method of combustion gas |
| CN109282275A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2019-01-29 | 陈涛 | Carbon-molecule gasification and combustion boiler is engineered operating system |
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| CN107001956B (en) | 2021-05-04 |
| CN104152181A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
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