CN107001400A - 多官能酰基氧化膦光引发剂 - Google Patents
多官能酰基氧化膦光引发剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107001400A CN107001400A CN201580041360.9A CN201580041360A CN107001400A CN 107001400 A CN107001400 A CN 107001400A CN 201580041360 A CN201580041360 A CN 201580041360A CN 107001400 A CN107001400 A CN 107001400A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- group
- light trigger
- formula
- phenyl
- methyl
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- -1 alcohol radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 127
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004204 2-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004207 3-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZYMCBJWUWHHVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-nitrophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZYMCBJWUWHHVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004860 4-ethylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004201 2,4-dichlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(Cl)C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003456 2,6-dinitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C(*)C(=C1[H])[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 claims description 2
- XKEFYDZQGKAQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene Chemical class ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1 XKEFYDZQGKAQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 28
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- NJLHHACGWKAWKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClP(Cl)=O Chemical group ClP(Cl)=O NJLHHACGWKAWKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 17
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 14
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Substances C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- PQMOXTJVIYEOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cumarin Natural products CC(C)=CCC1=C(O)C(C(=O)C(C)CC)=C(O)C2=C1OC(=O)C=C2CCC PQMOXTJVIYEOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- FSOGIJPGPZWNGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meomammein Natural products CCC(C)C(=O)C1=C(O)C(CC=C(C)C)=C(O)C2=C1OC(=O)C=C2CCC FSOGIJPGPZWNGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphine group Chemical group P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical group CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical group COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical group SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004679 31P NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004861 4-isopropyl phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical class NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lichenxanthone Natural products COC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C3=C(C)C=C(OC)C=C3OC2=C1 QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene Chemical class CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001088 1-naphthoyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C(=O)* 0.000 description 2
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- XSAYZAUNJMRRIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)C)=CC=C21 XSAYZAUNJMRRIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 description 2
- 125000006283 4-chlorobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 description 2
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- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 0 CC1CC(*)CC1 Chemical compound CC1CC(*)CC1 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N thioindigo Chemical compound S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- KKFOMYPMTJLQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenzyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COP(OCC=1C=CC=CC=1)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 KKFOMYPMTJLQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
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- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/36—Amides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/32—Esters thereof
- C07F9/3205—Esters thereof the acid moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/3229—Esters of aromatic acids (P-C aromatic linkage)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/32—Esters thereof
- C07F9/3205—Esters thereof the acid moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/3247—Esters of acids containing the structure -C(=X)-P(=X)(R)(XH) or NC-P(=X)(R)(XH), (X = O, S, Se)
- C07F9/3252—Esters of acids containing the structure -C(=X)-P(=X)(R)(XH) or NC-P(=X)(R)(XH), (X = O, S, Se) containing the structure -C(=X)-P(=X)(R)(XR), (X = O, S, Se)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/32—Esters thereof
- C07F9/3258—Esters thereof the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
- C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/101—Inks specially adapted for printing processes involving curing by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. with UV-curing following the printing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/106—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09D11/107—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/38—Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
- G03F7/029—Inorganic compounds; Onium compounds; Organic compounds having hetero atoms other than oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0045—Photosensitive materials with organic non-macromolecular light-sensitive compounds not otherwise provided for, e.g. dissolution inhibitors
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一系列可用作光引发剂的新型多官能单酰基氧化膦和二酰基氧化膦,以及包含所述光引发剂的可光固化组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及可用作光引发剂的多官能单酰基氧化膦和二酰基氧化膦,以及包含所述光引发剂的可光固化组合物。
背景技术
可辐射固化组合物在许多工业中使用,包括但不限于,用于各种基材的涂层,所述基材例如是混凝土、金属、陶瓷、玻璃、塑料、复合材料和纺织品。组合物的固化通过光引发剂实现,光引发剂吸收UV能量并进行反应产生自由基,自由基继而与组合物中的双键(例如丙烯酸酯基团)进行反应以形成新的自由基(即引发步骤)。
可惜的是,当可辐射固化组合物应用于食品包装、玩具或牙科时,能够从固化涂层扩散到周围介质(迁移)中的光引发剂和相关降解产物的数量是一个主要问题。低分子量化合物通常不能完全结合到聚合物网络,并且容易从固化的组合物被提取或扩散出来。因此,不断有人尝试设计不倾向于从固化组合物中迁移出或被提取的光引发剂。
解决这些问题的一种方法是使用含有烯键式不饱和部分的光引发剂,例如WO2006/056541、WO 2004/103580和AU 200/3205731描述了具有(甲基)丙烯酸酯官能团的酰基氧化膦的衍生物。烯键式不饱和基团使得光引发剂能够在固化过程中结合到聚合物结构中。
另一种方法是使用具有较大分子尺寸的光引发剂,这些光引发剂更大可能会被封堵在固化产物中,导致可迁移和/或可被提取产物的数量下降。这种方案在US 6,296,986、US 7,354,957、US 7,166,647、EP 1616921和EP 1674499中被揭示。还可将更大分子尺寸和烯键式不饱和的优点组合在同一化合物中,如在US 2012/0046376中所揭示的化合物。
然而,本领域的技术人员理解,这两种类型的光引发剂都有失去反应性的倾向。因此,为了达到所想要的固化速度,通常需要相当大量的活性物质,因此,大量使用可辐射固化组合物(例如喷墨印刷),就要将粘度增加到不想要的水平。可惜的是,当非丙烯酸酯官能材料的浓度超过10-12%,开始表现得如增塑剂般或者固化膜的交联密度降低至削弱其机械性能的程度。
此外,烯键式不饱和基团的存在限制了这些光引发剂的热稳定性和储存稳定性。
再者,也局限了某些光引发剂(例如具有高分子量或含有不饱和基团的光引发剂)在可光固化系统的溶解性以及与可光固化系统兼容性。
这意味着仍然需要其它光引发剂,它们不会迁移并具有改善的反应性以及与辐射性可固化系统的兼容性。
单酰基氧化膦和二酰基氧化膦广泛用作可辐射固化组合物中的光引发剂。它们具有高反应性,不会变黄,并且具有大约350-420nm的窄小的吸收波段,这使得它们还适合于LED灯。所有这些特性使得酰基氧化膦成为适合于广泛用途的独特一类光引发剂。遗憾的是,它们同样具有与上文描述的应用限制。
我们现已发现了一系列新的多官能单酰基氧化膦和二酰基氧化膦光引发剂,所述光引发剂不含可光固化的烯键式不饱和基团,具有良好的溶解性、高反应性和稳定性,以及非常低的迁移和/或被提取倾向。
这些多官能单酰基氧化膦和二酰基氧化膦是含有三个或更多个反应性基团(定义为核芯)的多官能化合物与含有单酰基氧化膦基团或二酰基氧化膦基团的化合物反应所获得的产物。
令人惊讶的是,所述多官能单酰基氧化膦和二酰基氧化膦中每个磷单元的反应性优于单官能酰基氧化膦光引发剂的反应性。相反地,在WO 2012/0046376,US 7,354,957和US 7,166,647中所描述的现有技术的光引发剂具有较低的反应性,必须以更多的份量配剂在可光固化组合物中。
同时,核芯具有相对小的分子量,使得光引发剂高度溶于可光固化组合物中,特别是可光固化油漆或涂料组合物中。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是通式I所示的光引发剂:
式中:
每个A彼此独立地表示O、S、NR3;
G是多官能化合物(核芯)G-(A-H)m+n的残基,其中每个A-H表示醇基或氨基或硫醇基;
m和n都是整数,且m+n在3和10之间;
m在3和8之间;
R1、R2彼此独立地是C1-C18烷基、C6-C12芳基和C5-C12环烷基,它们各自不断开或被如下基团断开:一个或多个氧和/或硫原子、和/或一个或多个取代或未取代的亚氨基、或者R1、R2是含有氧和/或氮和/或硫原子的五至六元杂环基,其中每个所述杂环基可以被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环基团取代;
R2也可以是R1-(C=O)-;
Y是O或S;
R3是氢或C1-C4烷基;
条件是通式I所示的光引发剂不含可光固化的烯键式不饱和基团。
本发明的另一个目的是一种可光固化组合物,其包含:
a)0.05至20重量%(wt%),优选0.2至10重量%,的至少一种通式I所示的光引发剂;
b)30至99.9重量%,优选50至98.9重量%,的至少一种烯键式不饱和化合物。
本发明的一个目的是一种光固化上述可光固化组合物的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
I)提供所述可光固化组合物;
II)利用光源光固化所述可光固化组合物。
具体实施方式
优选地,在通式I中,m+n在3和8之间,更优选地在3和6之间。
优选地,在通式I中,m在3和6之间,更优选地在3和5之间。
当n不是0时,通式I所示的化合物具有游离醇基和/或氨基和/或硫醇基。
在本发明的一个实施例中,通式I中A仅为氧。在这种情况下,G-(A-H)m+n是多羟基化合物,所述多羟基化合物可选自单体多元醇、低聚多元醇和聚合多元醇及其混合物。
合适的单体多元醇和低聚多元醇的例子有甘油、二甘油、三甘油、三乙醇胺、三羟甲基丙烷、二-三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、二季戊四醇、糖醇(例如山梨醇、甘露醇和木糖醇)及其混合物。
聚合多元醇的例子有烷氧基化化合物、多羟基聚醚(可以是脂族多羟基聚醚或芳族多羟基聚醚)、多羟基聚酯、多羟基聚酰胺、多羟基聚酰亚胺、多羟基聚碳酸酯;苯乙烯-烯丙醇共聚物。
实现本发明特别优选的是烷氧基化化合物。这种烷氧基化化合物的例子有上述的单体多元醇和低聚多元醇,它们已被烷氧基化,例如被乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化和/或丁氧基化。其它合适的例子有以下所述的已烷氧基化的直链或支链聚胺、以及聚烷氧基化二胺(例如乙氧基化乙二胺和乙氧基化1,3-丙二胺)。在本发明的烷氧基化化合物中,对环氧烷具反应性的每个基团可以带有0至15个烷氧基单元,优选为1至6个烷氧基单元。
在优选的实施例中,G-(A-H)m+n选自单体多元醇和低聚多元醇。
在另一个优选的实施例中,G-(A-H)m+n选自已被乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化的单体多元醇和低聚多元醇。
根据本发明的另一个实施例,通式I中所示的A仅为硫。在这种情况下,G-(A-H)m+n是多硫醇化合物,所述多硫醇化合物可通过例如巯基有机酸与多元醇的酯化反应获得,例如三羟甲基丙烷三-(巯基乙酸酯)、季戊四醇四(巯基乙酸酯)、三羟甲基丙烷三(β-硫代丙酸酯)、季戊四醇四(β-硫代丙酸酯)、二季戊四醇聚(β-硫代丙酸酯)等。术语“多硫醇化合物”还包括含有末端硫醇基的聚醚、含有末端硫醇基的聚硫醚、通过聚环氧化合物与硫化氢反应获得的硫醇化合物;以及通过多硫醇化合物与环氧化合物反应获得的含有末端硫醇基的硫醇化合物。
根据本发明的另一个实施例,在通式I中,A仅为氮,因此G-(A-H)m+n为直链或支链聚胺。
聚胺可选自例如聚乙烯亚胺、聚乙烯胺、聚胺取代的聚亚烷基二醇、聚胺取代的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、胺取代的聚酯、聚氨基酸、氨基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷(amodimethicones)、聚亚烷基胺(例如聚乙烯胺)及其混合物。具体例子有二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、四亚乙基五胺、亚精胺、精胺、4-氨基甲基-1,8-辛二胺、N-(2-氨基乙基)-1,3-丙二胺和N,N'-二(3-氨基丙基)乙二胺。
在通式I中,A可以是氧和/或氮和/或硫的混合物。在这种情况下,G-(A-H)m+n还可以是含有不同官能团(例如氨基和羟基)的化合物。这些化合物的例子有二乙醇胺和三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷。
优选地,G-(A-H)m+n的数均分子量不大于1500,更优选为不大于800,最优选为不大于500。
优选地,G-(A-H)m+n选自甘油、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化甘油、二甘油、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化二甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷、二-三羟甲基丙烷、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化二-三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化季戊四醇、二季戊四醇、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化二季戊四醇、山梨醇、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化山梨醇。
其它优选的G-(AH)m+n为三乙醇胺、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化三乙醇胺、4-氨基甲基-1,8-辛二胺、N-(2-氨基乙基)-1,3-丙二胺、三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷、二乙醇胺、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化二乙醇胺、1-硫代甘油、N,N'-双(3-氨基丙基)乙二胺。
适于实现本发明的残基G不含可光固化的烯键式不饱和基团。
在本发明的通式1中:
C1-C18烷基可以是未取代的或被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环基取代,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、2-乙基己基、2,4,4-三甲基戊基、癸基、十二烷基、十四烷基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基、苄基、1-苯基乙基、2-苯基-乙基、α,α-二甲基苄基、二苯甲基、对甲苯基甲基、1-(对丁基苯基)乙基、对氯苄基、2,4-二氯苄基、对甲氧基苄基、间乙氧基苄基、2-羟基乙基、2-羟基丙基、3-羟基丙基、4-羟基丁基、6-羟基己基、2-甲氧基乙基、2-甲氧基丙基、3-甲氧基丙基、4-甲氧基丁基、6-甲氧基己基、2-乙氧基乙基、2-乙氧基丙基、3-乙氧基丙基、4-乙氧基丁基或6-乙氧基己基、2-甲氧基羰基乙基、2-乙氧基羰基乙基、2-丁氧基羰基丙基、1,2-二(甲氧基羰基)乙基、2-丁氧基乙基、二乙氧基甲基、二乙氧基乙基、1,3-二氧戊环-2-基、1,3-二氧杂环己烷-2-基、2-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基、4-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基、2-异丙氧基乙基、2-丁氧基丙基、2-辛氧基乙基、氯甲基、2-氯乙基、三氯甲基、三氟甲基、1,1-二甲基-2-氯乙基、2-甲氧基异丙基、丁硫基甲基、2-十二烷基硫乙基、2-苯硫基乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、2-氨基乙基、2-氨基丙基、3-氨基丙基、4-氨基丁基、6-氨基己基、2-甲基氨基乙基、2-甲基氨基丙基、3-甲基氨基丙基、4-甲基氨基丁基、6-甲基氨基己基、2-二甲基氨基乙基、2-二甲基氨基丙基、3-二甲基氨基丙基、4-二甲基氨基丁基、6-二甲基氨基己基、2-羟基-2,2-二甲基乙基、2-苯氧基乙基、2-苯氧基丙基、3-苯氧基丙基、4-苯氧基丁基、6-苯氧基己基;
C6-C12芳基可以是未被取代或被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环基取代,例如苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、4-联苯基、2-,3-或4-氯苯基、2,6-或2,4-二氯苯基、2,4,6-三氯苯基、2-,3-或4-氟苯基、2,6-或2,4-氟苯基、2,4,6-三氟苯基、2-,3-或4-甲基苯基、2,6-或2,4-二甲基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基、3-或4-乙基苯基、2,6-或2,4-二乙基苯基、2-,3-或4-异丙基苯基、2-,3-或4-叔丁基苯基、十二烷基苯基、2-,3-或4-甲氧基苯基、2,6-或2,4-二甲氧基苯基、2-,3-或4-乙氧基苯基、2,6-或2,4-二乙氧基苯基、己氧基苯基、α-萘基、β-萘基、甲基萘基、异丙基萘基、氯萘基、乙氧基萘基、2,6-二甲基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基、2,6-二甲氧基苯基、2,6-二氯苯基、4-溴苯基、2-或4-硝基苯基、2,4-或2,6-二硝基苯基、4-二甲基氨基苯基、4-乙酰基苯基、甲氧基乙基苯基和乙氧基甲基苯基;
C5-C12环烷基可以是未被取代或被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环基取代,例如环戊基、环己基、环辛基、环十二烷基、甲基环戊基、2,5-二甲基环戊基、甲基环己基、2,6-二甲基环己基、2,6-二乙基环己基、丁基环己基、甲氧基环己基、2,6-二甲氧基环己基、2,6-二乙氧基环己基、丁基硫基环己基、氯代环己基、2,6-二氯环己基、2,5-二氯环戊基,以及饱和或不饱和双环系统(例如降冰片基或降冰片烯基)、三环体系(例如金刚烷基),含有氧和/或氮和/或硫原子的五元至六元杂环基团例如是呋喃基、噻吩基、二甲基吡啶基、甲基喹啉基、二甲基吡咯基、甲氧基呋喃基、二甲氧基吡啶基、二氟吡啶基、甲硫基苯基、异丙基噻吩基和叔丁基噻吩基。
优选地,R1是苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、2-,3-或4-氯苯基、2,6-或2,4-二氯苯基、2,4,6-三氯苯基、2-、3-或4-甲基苯基、2,6-或2,4-二甲基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基、2-,3-或4-乙基苯基、2,6-或2,4-二乙基苯基、2-,3-或4-异丙基苯基、2-,3-或4-叔丁基苯基、2-,3-或4-甲氧基苯基、2,6-或2,4-二甲氧基苯基、2,6-或2,4-二乙氧基苯基、α-萘基、β-萘基、甲基萘基、4-溴苯基、2-或4-硝基苯基、2,4-或2,6-二硝基苯基、4-二甲基氨基苯基、4-乙酰基苯基、环戊基、环己基、2,5-二甲基环戊基、2,6-二甲基环己基、2,6-二乙基环己基、2,6-二甲氧基环己基、2,6-二乙氧基环己基、2,6-二氯环己基、2,5-二氯环戊基、金刚烷基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基己基、庚基、辛基、2-乙基己基、2,4,4-三甲基戊基、癸基、十二烷基、2-或3-呋喃基、2-或3-噻吩基、2-或3-吡咯基和二甲基吡咯基。
更优选地,R1是苯基、2,6-二氯苯基、2,4,6-三氯苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基、2,6-二乙基苯基、2,6-二甲氧基苯基、2,6-二乙氧基苯基、α-萘基、2,6-二硝基苯基、2,6-二甲基环己基、2,6-二乙基环己基、2,6-二甲氧基环己基、2,6-二乙氧基环己基或2,6-二氯环己基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基和2-乙基己基。
最优选地、R1是苯基、2,6-二氯苯基、2,4,6-三氯苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基、2,6-二甲氧基苯基和叔丁基。
优选地,R2是R1-(C=O)-、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、2-乙基己基、2,4,4-三甲基戊基、癸基、十二烷基、苄基、对氯苄基、2,4-二氯苄基、对甲氧基苄基、苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、4-联苯基、2-,3-或4-氯苯基、2,4或2,6-二氯苯基、2,4,6-三氯苯基、2-,3-或4-甲基苯基、2,4-或2,6-二甲基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基、2-,3-或4-乙基苯基、2,4-或2,6-二乙基苯基、2-,3-或4-异丙基苯基、2-、3-或4-叔丁基苯基、2-,3-或4-甲氧基苯基、2,4-或2,6-二甲氧基苯基、2-、3-或4-乙氧基苯基、α-萘基、甲基萘基、氯萘基、乙氧基萘基、2-或4-硝基苯基、2,4-或2,6-二硝基苯基、4-二甲基氨基苯基和4-乙酰基苯基。
更优选地,R2是R1-(C=O)-、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、2-乙基己基、苯基、二甲苯基、4-联苯基、2-,3-或4-氯苯基、2,4-二氯苯基、2-,3-或4-甲基苯基、2,4-二甲基苯基、2-,3-或4-乙基苯基、2-,3-或4-甲氧基苯基、2,4-二甲氧基苯基、2-,3-或4-乙氧基苯基、α-萘基、甲基萘基、氯萘基、乙氧基萘基以及2-或4-硝基苯基。
最优选地,R2是R1-(C=O)-、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、苯基、4-联苯基、2-,3-或4-氯苯基、2-,3-或4-甲基苯基、2-,3-或4-甲氧基苯基或2-,3-和4-乙氧基苯基。
再有,适于实现本发明的R1和R2不含可光固化的烯键式不饱和基团。
Y优选地是O。
R3是氢或C1-C4烷基,例如是甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、仲丁基和叔丁基。
特别优选的实施例中,R1是2,4,6-三甲基苯基且R2是苯基。
根据通式I的典型多官能单-和二-酰基氧化膦描述于表1中,但不限于此表列出的那些。对于聚合物多官能核芯,对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是,所述多官能酰基氧化膦光引发剂具有分子量分布。在结构中,a、b、c、d、e和f是整数,它们独立地在0和15之间。
表1
通式I化合物可以根据本领域技术人员已知的常规方法制备,例如根据以下方法制备:
具体地,通式III所示的次膦酰氯可以通过相应的烷基酯与PCl5反应合成而获得(如Methoden der Organischen Chemie,第12/1卷,第241页中所述)。然后,通式III所示的次膦酰氯在三乙胺存在下与G-(A-H)m+n反应,得到所述通式I所示的产物。
因此,通式III化合物可以与G-(A-H)m+n反应得到通式I所示的酯(次膦酰氯与醇反应)、硫酯(次膦酰氯与硫醇反应)或酰胺(次膦酰氯与胺反应)。
获得通式III化合物的另一种方法描述于DE 10206117中,其中相应的次膦酸(IV)在吡啶存在下被亚硫酰氯转化为次膦酰氯(III)
获得通式I化合物的另一种方法描述于Methoden der Organischen Chemie,第12/1卷,第500页,其中通式II所示的烷基酯在钠的存在下与G-(A-H)m+n进行酯交换直接转化为通式I化合物。
根据本发明,通式I所示的光引发剂可用于制备包含烯键式不饱和化合物b)的可光固化组合物。
不饱和化合物b)可以含有一个或多个烯属双键。它们可以具有低分子量(单体)或高分子量(低聚)。
具有一个双键的合适低分子量单体的实例是烷基或羟基烷基丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯,例如甲基、乙基、丁基、2-乙基己基或2-羟基乙基丙烯酸酯,丙烯酸异冰片酯和甲基或乙基甲基丙烯酸酯。同样令人感兴趣的是硅或氟改性的树脂,例如硅氧烷丙烯酸酯。这些单体的其它实例是丙烯腈、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、N-取代的(甲基)丙烯酰胺、苯乙烯、烷基苯乙烯和卤代苯乙烯、乙烯基酯如乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯基醚如异丁基乙烯基醚、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、氯乙烯或偏二氯乙烯。
具有一个以上双键的单体的实例是二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、二丙烯酸丙二醇酯、二丙烯酸新戊二醇酯、二丙烯酸六亚甲基二醇酯和双酚A二丙烯酸酯、4,4'-双(2-丙烯酰氧基乙氧基)-二苯基丙烷、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、三丙烯酸季戊四醇酯和四丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、丙烯酸乙烯酯、二乙烯基苯、琥珀酸二乙烯酯、邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、磷酸三烯丙酯、异氰脲酸三烯丙酯和三(2-丙烯酰基乙基)异氰脲酸酯。
高分子量(低聚)多不饱和化合物的实例是丙烯酸酯化环氧树脂、丙烯酸酯化或含乙烯基醚或环氧基的聚酯、丙烯酸酯化聚氨酯或丙烯酸酯化聚醚。不饱和低聚物的其它实例是不饱和聚酯树脂,其通常由马来酸、邻苯二甲酸和一种或多种二醇制备并且分子量为约500至3000。这种不饱和低聚物也可以称为预聚物。
特别适合于实现本发明的化合物的实例是烯键式不饱和羧酸和多元醇或聚环氧化物的酯,以及在主链中或在侧基中含有烯键式不饱和基团的聚合物,例如不饱和聚酯、聚酰胺和聚氨酯及其共聚物、醇酸树脂、聚丁二烯和丁二烯共聚物、聚异戊二烯和异戊二烯共聚物、在侧链具有(甲基)丙烯酸基团的聚合物和共聚物、以及一种或以上这样的聚合物的混合物。
用于制备所述酯的不饱和羧酸或酸酐的示例是丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸酐、丁烯酸、衣康酸、肉桂酸以及不饱和脂肪酸如亚麻酸和油酸。优选的是丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸。
可以酯化的多元醇是芳族、脂族和脂环族多元醇,优选是脂族和脂环族多元醇。
芳族多元醇例如是氢醌、4,4'-二羟基二苯基、2,2-二(4-羟基苯基)丙烷以及酚醛清漆和甲阶酚醛树脂。
脂族和脂环族多元醇的实例包括优选含有2至12个碳原子的烷基烯二醇,例如乙二醇、1,2-或1,3-丙二醇、1,2-,1,3-或1,4-丁二醇、戊二醇、己二醇、辛二醇、十二烷二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、分子量优选为200-1500的聚乙二醇、1,3-环戊二醇、1,2-,1,3-或1,4-环己二醇、1,4-二羟基甲基环己烷、甘油、三(β-羟基乙基)胺、三甲基油烷,三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、二季戊四醇和山梨醇。
可以酯化的聚环氧化物包括基于所述多元醇,特别是芳族多元醇和环氧氯丙烷的那些。同样适合作为多元醇的是在聚合物炼或侧基中含有羟基的聚合物和共聚物,例如聚乙烯醇及其共聚物、或聚(甲基)丙烯酸羟基烷基酯或其共聚物。其它合适的多元醇是带有羟基端基的低聚酯。
其它合适的烯键式不饱和化合物b)是由不饱和羧酸和优选具有2至6个,更优选2至4个氨基的芳族、脂族和脂环族聚胺获得的不饱和聚酰胺。这种聚胺的实例是:乙基烯二胺、1,2-或1,3-丙基烯二胺、1,2-,1,3-或1,4-丁二胺、1,5-戊基烯二胺、1,6-己二胺、辛二胺、十二亚甲基二胺、1,4-二氨基环己烷、异佛尔酮二胺、苯二胺、二苯二胺、二(β-氨基乙基)醚、二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺和二(β-氨基乙氧基)-和二(β-氨基丙氧基)乙烷。其它合适的聚胺是在侧链中可以含有额外氨基的聚合物和共聚物,以及含有氨基端基的低聚酰胺。
这种不饱和聚酰胺的具体实例是:亚甲基双丙稀酰胺,1,6-六亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,二亚乙基三胺三甲基丙烯酰胺,双(甲基丙烯酰胺基丙氧基)乙烷和N-[(β-羟基乙氧基)乙基]-丙烯酰胺。
适合实现发明的不饱和聚氨酯衍生自例如饱和或不饱和二异氰酸酯以及不饱和或饱和二醇。聚丁二烯和聚异戊二烯及其共聚物也是有用的。合适的共聚单体包括例如烯烃(如乙烯、丙烯、丁烯和己烯)、(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丙烯腈、苯乙烯和氯乙烯。
在侧链中具有不饱和(甲基)丙烯酸酯基团的聚合物可以用作组分b)。典型地,它们可以是基于酚醛清漆的环氧树脂与(甲基)丙烯酸的反应产物;已用(甲基)丙烯酸酯化的乙烯醇或其羟基烷基衍生物的均聚物或共聚物;和已用羟基烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯酯化的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的均聚物和共聚物。
除了组分a)和b)之外,本发明的可光固化组合物还可以包含其它光引发剂c)和/或添加剂d)。
其它光引发剂c)的量可以占组合物的0.5至15重量%,优选1至10重量%。
合适的其它光引发剂c)的实例是樟脑醌、二苯甲酮、二苯甲酮衍生物、苯乙酮、苯乙酮衍生物、二烷氧基苯乙酮、α-羟基酮、α-氨基酮、4-芳酰基-1,3-二氧戊环、苯偶姻烷基醚和苯偶酰缩酮(例如苯偶酰二甲基缩酮、酮砜,如1-[4-[(4-苯甲酰基-苯基)-硫代]-苯基]-2-甲基-2-[(4-甲基-苯基)-磺酰基]-丙-1-酮(Esacure 1001,来自Lamberti SpA))、苯基乙醛酸盐及其衍生物、二聚苯基乙醛酸盐、过酯(例如EP 126541中所述的二苯甲酮四羧酸过酸酯)、酰基氧化膦光引发剂(其可以选自单酰基氧化膦、二酰基氧化膦、三酰基氧化膦)、卤代甲基三嗪、六芳基双咪唑/共引发剂体系(例如邻氯六苯基双咪唑与2-巯基苯并噻唑的组合);二茂铁化合物或钛茂(例如二环戊二烯基-双(2,6-二氟-3-吡咯并-苯基)钛);邻酰基肟酯光引发剂。
α-羟基酮和α-氨基酮的实例是1-羟基环己基苯基酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基-丙烷-1-酮、1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)-苯基]-2-羟基-2-甲基-1-丙烷-1-酮、2-羟基-1-{4-[4-(2-羟基-2-甲基-丙酰基)-芐基]苯基}-2-甲基-丙烷-1-酮、2-羟基-1-{4-[4-(2-羟基-2-甲基-丙酰基)-苯氧基]-苯基}-2-甲基-丙烷-1-酮、2-甲基-1-(4-甲基硫代苯基)-2-吗啉代丙烷-1-酮)、2-芐基-2-二甲基氨基-1-(4-甲基吗啉代苯基)-丁烷-1-酮和(2-(二甲基氨基)-2-[(4-甲基苯基)甲基]-1-[4-(4-吗啉基)-1-丁酮)。
O-酰基肟酯光引发剂的实例是1,2-辛二酮、1-[4-(苯基硫基)苯基]-2-(O-苯甲酰肟)、乙酮1-[9-乙基-6-甲基苯甲酰基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]1-(O-乙酰基肟)或GB 2339571中描述的那些。
酰基氧化膦光引发剂的实例包括但不限于:双(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)苯基氧化膦、双(2,6-二甲氧基苯甲酰基)-2,4,4-三甲基戊基氧化膦、双(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)-(2,4-二戊基氧基苯基)、2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基二苯基氧化膦、以及(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)苯基次膦酸乙酯。
基于卤代甲基三嗪的光引发剂的实例是2-[2-(4-甲氧基-苯基)-乙烯基]-4,6-二-三氯甲基[1,3,5]三嗪、2-(4-甲氧基-苯基)-4,6-二-三氯甲基[1,3,5]三嗪、2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-4,6-二-三氯甲基[1,3,5]三嗪、2-甲基-4,6-二-三氯甲基[1,3,5]三嗪。
在本发明的可光固化组合物用于混合体系(在此上下文中意味着可以自由基和阳离子固化的混合物体系)的情况下,阳离子光引发剂也可用作额外的光引发剂c)。合适的阳离子光引发剂的实例是描述于US 4 950 581中的芳族锍、鏻或碘鎓盐、或环戊二烯基芳烃铁(II)配合物盐(例如(η6-异丙基苯)(η5-环戊二烯基)六氟磷酸铁(II)或肟基潜旋光性酸,如描述于GB 2 348 644、US 4,450,598、US 4,136,055、WO 00/10972和WO 00/26219。
添加剂d)可以是例如光敏剂、加速剂/共引发剂、热引发剂、粘结剂、稳定剂及其混合物。
光固化方法也可以通过添加至少一种光敏剂作为其它添加剂(d)来改善,添加的量在0.05至12重量%,优选0.1至10重量%。
光敏剂的实例是本领域技术人员常用的那些,芳族羰基化合物,如二苯甲酮、噻吨酮、蒽醌和3-酰基香豆素衍生物、三联苯、苯乙烯基酮和3-(芳酰基亚甲基)-噻唑啉、樟脑醌以及曙红、若丹明和赤藓红染料。
噻吨酮的实例是噻吨酮、2-异丙基噻吨酮、2-氯噻吨酮、2-十二烷基噻吨酮、2,4-二乙基噻吨酮、2,4-二甲基噻吨酮、1-甲氧基羰基噻吨酮、2-乙氧基羰基噻吨酮、3-(2-甲氧基乙氧基羰基)噻吨酮、4-丁氧基羰基噻吨酮、3-丁氧基羰基-7-甲基噻吨酮、1-氰基-3-氯噻吨酮、1-乙氧基羰基-3-氯噻吨酮、1-乙氧基羰基-3-乙氧基噻吨酮、1-乙氧基羰基-3-氨基噻吨酮、1-乙氧基羰基-3-苯基磺酰基噻吨酮、3,4-二[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基羰基]噻吨酮、1-乙氧基羰基-3-(1-甲基-1-吗啉代乙基)噻吨酮、2-甲基-6-二甲氧基甲基噻吨酮、2-甲基-6-(1,1-二甲氧基芐基)噻吨酮、2-吗啉代甲基噻吨酮、2-甲基-6-吗啉代甲基噻吨酮、N-烯丙基噻吨酮-3,4-二甲酰亚胺、N-辛基噻吨酮-3,4-二甲酰亚胺、N-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-噻吨酮-3,4-二甲酰亚胺、1-苯氧基噻吨酮、6-乙氧基羰基-1-2-甲氧基噻吨酮、6-乙氧基羰基-2-甲基噻吨酮,噻吨酮-2-聚乙二醇酯、2-羟基-3-(3,4-二甲基-9-氧代-9H-噻吨酮-2-基氧基)-N,N,N-三甲基-1-氯化丙铵,或者是专利申请PCT/EP2011/069514描述的那些,例如正十二烷基-7-甲基-噻吨酮-3-羧酸酯以及N,N-二异丁基-7-甲基-噻吨酮-3-脲。同样合适的是聚合物噻吨酮衍生物(例如来自IGM Resins B.V.的Omnipol TX、来自Rahn A.G.的Genopol TX-1、来自Lambson Limited的Speedcure 7010)。
二苯甲酮的实例是二苯甲酮、4-苯基二苯甲酮、4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、4,4'-二甲氧基二苯甲酮、4,4'-二甲基二苯甲酮、4,4'-二氯二苯甲酮、4,4'-二甲基氨基二苯甲酮、4,4'-二乙基氨基二苯甲酮、4-甲基二苯甲酮、2,4,6-三甲基二苯甲酮、4-(4-甲基硫代苯基)二苯甲酮、3,3'-二甲基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯、4-(2-羟基乙基硫代)二苯甲酮、4-(4-甲苯基硫代)二苯甲酮、4-苯甲酰基-N,N,N-三甲基苯甲基氯化铵(methanaminium chloride)、2-羟基-3-(4-苯甲酰基苯氧基)-N,N,N-三甲基-1-丙基氯化铵一水合物(propanaminium chloride monohydrate)、4-(13-丙烯酰基-1,4,7,10,13-五氧杂十三烷基)二苯甲酮、4-苯甲酰基-N,N-二甲基-N-[2-(1-氧代-2-丙烯基)氧基乙基-苯甲基氯化铵(methanaminium chloride)。同样合适的是聚合物二苯甲酮衍生物(例如,来自IGM Resins B.V.的Omnipol BP、Omnipol 2702和Omnipol 682、来自Rahn A.G.的GenopolBP-2以及来自Lambson Limited的Speedcure 7005)。
3-酰基香豆素衍生物的实例是3-苯甲酰基香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-7-甲氧基香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-5,7-二(丙氧基)香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-6,8-二氯香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-6-氯香豆素、3,3'-羰基-双[5,7-二(丙氧基)香豆素]、3,3'-羰基-双(7-甲氧基香豆素)、3,3'-羰基-双(7-二乙基氨基香豆素)、3-异丁酰基香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-5,7-二甲氧基香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-5,7-二乙氧基香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-5,7-二丁氧基香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-5,7-二(甲氧基乙氧基)香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-5,7-二(烯丙基氧基)香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-7-二甲基氨基香豆素、3-苯甲酰基-7-二乙基氨基香豆素、3-异丁酰基-1,7-二甲基氨基香豆素、5,7-二甲氧基-3-(1-萘甲酰基)香豆素、5,7-二甲氧基-3(1-萘甲酰基)-香豆素、3-苯甲酰基苯并[f]香豆素、7-二乙基氨基-3-噻吩酰基香豆素、3-(4-氰基苯甲酰基)-5,7-二甲氧基香豆素,或者ITVA20120041中描述的那些。
3-(芳酰基亚甲基)-噻唑啉的实例是3-甲基-1,2-苯甲酰基亚甲基-β-萘并噻唑啉、3-甲基-2-苯甲酰基亚甲基-苯并噻唑啉、3-乙基-2-丙酰基亚甲基-β-萘并噻唑啉。
其它芳香族羰基化合物的实例是苯乙酮、3-甲氧基苯乙酮、4-苯基苯乙酮、苯偶酰、WO 2013/164394中描述的那些、2-乙酰基萘、2-萘甲醛、9,10-蒽醌、9-芴酮、二苯并环庚酮、呫吨酮、2,5-双(4-二乙基氨基亚芐基)环戊酮、α-(对二甲基氨基亚芐基);酮类,例如2-(4-二甲基氨基-亚芐基)-茚-1-酮或3-(4-二甲基氨基苯基)-1-茚-5-基-丙烯酮、3-苯基硫代邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-甲基-3,5-二(乙基硫代)邻苯二甲酰亚胺。
本发明的可光固化组合物还可以方便地包括加速剂/共引发剂,例如醇、硫醇、硫醚、胺或醚,其中存在的氢与邻近杂原子的碳键合,还包括二硫化物和膦,如EP 438123和GB2180358中描述的那些。这种加速剂/共引发剂的量通常在0.2至15重量%之间,优选地0.2至8重量%之间。
胺加速剂/共引发剂的合适实例包括但不限于:脂族、脂环族、芳族、芳基-脂族、杂环、低聚或聚合胺。它们可以是伯胺、仲胺或叔胺,例如丁胺、二丁胺、三丁胺、环己胺、芐基二甲胺、二环己胺、N-苯基甘氨酸、三乙基胺、苯基-二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、吡啶、喹啉、二甲基氨基苯并酯的酯、米氏酮(4,4'-双-二甲基氨基二苯甲酮)和相应的衍生物。
胺改性的丙烯酸酯化合物可以作为胺促进剂/共引发剂使用:这些胺改性的丙烯酸酯化合物的实例包括:与伯胺或仲胺反应而被改性的丙烯酸酯,如US3,844,916、EP280222、US 5,482,649或US 5,734,002中所述那样。
聚合物胺衍生物也适合作为共引发剂(例如,来自IGM Resins B.V.的OmnipolASA、来自Rahn A.G.的Genopol AB-2以及来自Lambson Limited的Speedcure 7040)。
固化过程,特别是颜料组合物(如由二氧化钛着色的组合物)的情况下,也可以通过加入热引发剂作为另外添加剂d)的组分进行协助,该组分在热条件下形成自由基,如偶氮化合物,如2,2'-偶氮二(4-甲氧基-2,4-二甲基戊腈)、三氮烯、二偶氮硫化物、五氮二烯或过氧化合物,例如过氧化氢或过碳酸酯,如叔丁基过氧化氢,如在EP 245 639中所述。
也可以将粘结剂加入到可光固化组合物中。当可光固化化合物是液体或粘性物质时加入粘结剂是特别有利的。粘结剂的数量可以是例如5-60wt%,优选10-50wt%。根据使用领域和对于其要求的性能,如在含水和有机溶剂体系中的显影性,对基材的粘合力和对氧的敏感性进行粘结剂的选择。
合适的粘结剂是例如分子量大约为5,000-2,000,000,优选10,000-1,000,000的聚合物。例子是:丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯的均聚物和共聚物,如甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丙烯酸乙酯/甲基丙烯酸的共聚物、聚(甲基丙烯酸烷基酯)、聚(丙烯酸烷基酯);纤维素酯和醚,如乙酸纤维素、乙酸丁酸纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素;聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛、环化橡胶,聚醚如聚环氧乙烷、聚环氧丙烷、聚四氢呋喃;聚苯乙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯、氯化聚烯烃、聚氯乙烯、氯乙烯/偏二氯乙烯的共聚物、偏二氯乙烯与丙烯腈的共聚物、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和乙酸乙烯酯的共聚物、聚乙酸乙烯酯、共聚(乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯)、聚合物如聚己内酰胺和聚(己二酰己二胺)、聚酯如聚(对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)和聚(六亚甲基二醇琥珀酸酯)。
合适的稳定剂是例如热抑制剂,预期它们可防止过早聚合,如氢醌、氢醌衍生物、对甲氧基苯酚、β-萘酚或位阻酚,如2,6-二(叔丁基)-对甲酚。为增加暗贮存稳定性,可以使用例如铜化合物,如环烷酸铜、硬脂酸铜或辛酸铜,磷化合物,例如三苯基膦、三丁基膦、亚磷酸三乙酯、亚磷酸三苯酯或亚磷酸三苄酯,季铵化合物,如四甲基氯化铵或三甲基苄基氯化铵,或羟基胺衍生物,如N,N-二乙基羟基胺。对于在聚合期间排出大气氧的目的,可以加入石蜡或相似蜡状物质,它们不溶于聚合物,在聚合开始时迁移到表面并形成透明表面层,该表面层防止空气进入。
同样可能的是加入光稳定剂,可以加入UV吸收剂,如羟苯基苯并三唑、羟苯基二苯甲酮、草酸酰胺或羟苯基-s-三嗪型的那些。这些化合物可以按它们自身使用或以混合物的形式使用,使用或不使用位阻胺(HALS)。
根据本发明的组合物也可包括作为进一步添加剂d)的可光还原染料,如呫吨、苯并呫吨、苯并硫代呫吨、噻嗪、焦宁、卟啉或吖啶染料,和/或可辐射断裂的三卤代甲基化合物。这些化合物描述于例如EP 445624中。
依赖于所需的用途,其它常用添加剂d)是荧光增白剂、填料、颜料,白色和着色颜料两者、着色剂、抗静电剂、润湿剂、流动改进剂以及粘合增强剂。
也可以向本发明的组合物中加入本领域通常的链转移试剂。例子包括硫醇、胺和苯并三唑。
玻璃微球或粉碎玻璃纤维的加入,例如在US 5,013,768中所述,适用于稠和着色涂料的固化。
本发明的组合物也可包含着色剂和/或白色或着色颜料。依赖于所需的用途,可以使用无机和有机颜料两者。这样的添加剂是本领域技术人员已知的;一些例子是二氧化钛颜料,如金红石或锐钛矿型的二氧化钛颜料、炭黑、氧化锌,如锌白、氧化铁,如氧化铁黄、氧化铁红、铬黄、铬绿、镍钛黄、群青、钴蓝、钒酸铋、镉黄和镉红。有机颜料的例子是单或双偶氮颜料及其金属配合物、酞菁颜料、多环颜料,如苝、蒽醌、硫代靛蓝、喹吖啶酮或三苯基甲烷颜料、以及二酮-吡咯并-吡咯、异二氢吲哚酮,如四氯异二氢吲哚酮、异二氢吲哚、二恶嗪、苯并咪唑啉酮和喹啉并酞酮颜料。颜料可以按自身或以混合物用于制剂。
依赖于所需的用途,以本领域常用的数量,例如以0.1-30wt%或10-25wt%的数量向制剂中加入颜料,基于总质量。
组合物也可包括例如特别宽种类的有机着色剂。例子是偶氮染料、次亚甲基染料、蒽醌染料和金属配合物染料。通常的浓度是例如0.1-20%,特别地1-5%,基于总质量。
添加剂的选择由所相关的应用领域和该领域需要的性能支配。以上所述的添加剂d)是本领域通常的且因此以本领域通常的数量使用。
可光固化组合物可用于各种目的,例如作为印刷油墨,如丝网印刷油墨、苯胺印刷油墨或胶版印刷油墨,作为透明涂层,作为着色涂层,作为白涂层,例如用于木材或金属,作为粉末涂料,作为尤其用于纸、木材、金属或塑料的油漆材料,作为可日光固化油漆用于标记结构物和道路、用于光刻再现工艺、用于全息摄影记录材料、用于图像记录工艺或用于印刷板的生产,该印刷板可以使用有机溶剂或使用含水碱性介质显影、用于丝网印刷用掩模的生产,作为牙科填充化合物,作为粘合剂,作为压敏粘合剂,作为层压树脂,作为光刻胶,例如电抗蚀剂、蚀刻抗蚀剂或永久抗蚀剂,两者均为液体且为干燥膜的形式,作为可光构造电介质,和作为电子电路的焊剂掩模、作为抗蚀剂,用于任何类型显示屏用滤色器制造中或用于等离子体显示器和电致发光显示器制造期间结构的形成、用于光学开关、光栅(干扰光栅)的制造、用于由本体固化(在透明模具中的UV固化)或根据立体平版印刷方法的三维制品的制造,例如描述于US 4,575,330、用于复合材料(例如可包括玻璃纤维和/或其它纤维和其它助剂的苯乙烯聚酯)和其它厚层组合物的制造、用于电子组件的涂敷或密封或作为光纤的涂料。组合物此外适于光学透镜,例如接触镜片或菲涅耳透镜的制造,用于医疗设备、辅助器或植入物的制造,以及用于干燥膜油漆的制造。
组合物此外适于具有热致性能的凝胶的制备。这样的凝胶描述于例如DE19700064和EP 678 534。
根据本发明的化合物及组合物也可以用作自由基光引发剂或可辐射固化粉沫涂料的光引发体系。
本发明的可光固化组合物适于用作例如所有种类基材的涂料材料,如木材、纺织品、纸、陶瓷、玻璃、塑料,如聚酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚烯烃或乙酸纤维素,特别是以膜的形式,以及金属,如Al、Cu、Ni、Fe、Zn、Mg或Co和GaAs、Si或SiO2,向该基材要施涂一层保护层或,例如通过成像曝光施加一层图像。
本发明的光固化方法通过将可光固化组合物暴露于波长约为200-600nm的光。因此可以使用许多最具变化种类的光源。点光源和扁平形辐射体(灯阵列)两者是合适的。例子是:碳弧灯,氙弧灯,中压、高压和低压汞弧辐射体,适当时掺杂有金属卤化物(金属卤化物灯),微波激发金属蒸气灯,受激准分子灯,超光化荧光管,荧光灯,氩白炽灯,电子闪光灯,摄影照明灯,发光二极管(LED),电子束和X射线。在灯和要曝光的根据本发明的基材之间的距离可根据预期用途和灯的类型和强度而变化,并且可以是例如2-150cm。
在以下段落中记载的制备本发明的通式I的酰基氧化膦和可光固化组合物的实施例仅用于说明目的而非限制性。
实施例
实施例1
PI-1的制备:
20ml甲苯、1.41g三乙胺以及3.88g苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)次膦酰氯(根据DE 10206117中描述的方法制备)的溶液在氮气气氛下加热至50℃。加入1.28g季戊四醇四(3-巰基丙酸酯),溶液搅拌1小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,加入10ml去离子水。分离出有机相,用20ml饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗一次,用20ml水洗两次,最后用Na2SO4干燥。减压除去溶剂。反应产物经快速硅胶柱色谱法(甲苯/乙酸乙酯8:2)纯化,获得2.1g光引发剂,为粘性液体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):2.10(s,24H),2.24(s,12H),2.64(t,8H),2.91-3.16(m,8H),3.99(t,8H),6.80(s,8H),7.41-7.51(m,8H),7.51-7.61(m,4H),7.81-7.91(m,8H)。
实施例2
PI-3的制备(其中a+b+c约等于8.5):
150ml二氯甲烷、3.49g三乙胺以及5.31g苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)次膦酰氯的溶液在氮气气氛下加热至50℃。加入1.5g Aionico GL/609(乙氧基化甘油,LambertiS.p.A.),溶液搅拌2小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,加入10ml去离子水。分离出有机相,用100ml饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗三次,用100ml水洗两次,最后用Na2SO4干燥。减压除去溶剂,获得2.99g光引发剂,为粘性液体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):2.08(s,18H),2.21(s,9H),3.31-3.78(m,34H),4.03-4.19(m,6H),6.75(s,6H),7.36-7.48(m,6H),7.48-7.58(m,3H),7.71-7.82(m,6H)。
31P-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):18.2。
实施例3
PI-4的制备(其中a+b+c+d+e+f约等于21):
70ml甲苯、2.44g三乙胺和3.5g苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)次膦酰氯的溶液在氮气气氛下加热至50℃。加入3g Sorbilene RE/20(乙氧基化山梨醇,Lamberti S.p.A.),溶液搅拌1小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,加入50ml去离子水。分离出有机相,用50ml饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗一次,用50ml水洗两次,最后用Na2SO4干燥。减压除去溶剂,获得2.1g光引发剂,为粘性液体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):2.10(s,36H),2.23(s,18H),3.42-3.91(m,100H),4.04-4.28(m,12H),6.78(s,12H),7.42-7.51(m,12H),7.54-7.62(m,6H),7.74-7.88(m,12H)。
31P-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):18.2。
实施例4
PI-10的制备(其中a+b+c+d约等于5):
100ml甲苯、3.49g三乙胺和5.31g苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)次膦酰氯的溶液在氮气气氛下加热至70℃。加入1g Polyol 4640(乙氧基化季戊四醇,Perstorp SpecialtyChemicals A.B.),溶液搅拌1.5小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,加入100ml去离子水。分离出有机相,用100ml饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗两次,用100ml水洗两次,最后用Na2SO4干燥。减压除去溶剂,获得2.8g光引发剂,为粘性液体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):2.00-2.15(m,24H),2.15-2.25(m,12H),3.23-3.72(m,19H),3.95-4.30(m,8H),6.72-6.82(m,8H),7.38-7.65(m,12H),7.70-7.89(m,8H)。
31P-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):18.2。
实施例5
PI-2的制备:
25ml甲苯、4.18ml三乙胺和3.5g苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)次膦酰氯的溶液在氮气气氛下加热至50℃。加入0.54g1,1,1-三羟甲基丙烷,溶液搅拌1小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,加入100ml去离子水。分离出有机相,用20ml饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗一次,用100ml水洗两次,最后用Na2SO4干燥。减压除去溶剂。反应产物经快速硅胶柱色谱法(甲苯/乙酸乙酯6:4)纯化,获得1.5g光引发剂,为粘性液体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):0.2-0.3(m,3H),1.19-1.38(m,2H),2.02-2.11(m,18H),2.28-2.38(m,9H),3.88-4.06(m,6H),6.70-6.80(m,6H),7.36-7.54(m,9H),7.73-7.88(m,6H)。
实施例6
PI-7的制备:
100ml甲苯、3.49g三乙胺和5.31g苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)次膦酰氯的溶液在氮气气氛下室温搅拌。加入0.8g 4-氨基甲基-1,8-辛烷二胺(Ascend PerformanceMaterials LLC,USA),溶液搅拌1.5小时。反应结束时,加入100ml去离子水,分离出有机相,用100ml饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗一次,用100ml水洗两次。有机溶液用Na2SO4干燥,减压除去溶剂。反应产物经快速硅胶柱色谱法(二氯甲烷/甲醇95:5)纯化,获得1g光引发剂,为粘性液体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):0.9-1.72(m,11H),1.90-2.04(m,12H),2.16-2.25(m,9H),2.78-3.52(m,6H),6.56-6.68(m,6H),7.26-7.88(m,15H)。
实施例7
PI-13的制备:
25ml甲苯、2.44g三乙胺和3.5g苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)次膦酰氯的溶液在氮气气氛下加热至60℃。加入0.5g季戊四醇,溶液搅拌1小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,加入10ml去离子水。分离出有机相,用20ml饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗一次,用20ml水洗两次,最后用Na2SO4干燥。减压除去溶剂。反应产物经快速硅胶柱色谱法(甲苯/乙酸乙酯6:4;停留因子(Rf)0.7)纯化,获得0.3g光引发剂,为粘性液体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):1.85-1.96(m,24H),2.05-2.11(m,12H),4.02-4.12(m,8H),6.56-6.66(m,8H),7.21-7.51(m,12H),7.59-7.61(m,8H)。
实施例8
PI-16的制备:
按照实施例7描述的同样方法制备光引发剂。反应产物经快速硅胶柱色谱法(甲苯/乙酸乙酯6:4;Rf 0.3)纯化,获得0.5g光引发剂,为粘性液体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):1.88-2.00(m,18H),2.05-2.08(m,9H),3.20(s,2H),3.82-4.00(m,6H),6.58-6.70(m,6H),7.24-7.40(m,6H),7.40-7.54(m,3H),7.60-7.75(m,6H)
实施例9
PI-8的制备:
150ml二氯甲烷、3.49g三乙胺和5.31g苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)次膦酰氯的溶液在氮气气氛下加热至50℃。加入0.4g二乙醇胺,溶液搅拌2小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,加入10ml去离子水。分离出有机相,用100ml饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗三次,用20ml水洗两次,最后用Na2SO4干燥。减压蒸发溶剂。反应产物经快速硅胶柱色谱法(二氯甲烷/甲醇9:1)纯化,获得0.5g光引发剂,为粘性液体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):1.98(s,18H),2.14(s,9H),3.08-3.22(m,4H),3.97-4.15(m,4H),6.68(s,6H),7.27-7.39(m,6H),7.41-7.51(m,3H),7.61-7.76(m,6H)。
实施例10
PI-17的制备(其中a+b+c约等于7):
150ml二氯甲烷、10.5g三乙胺和15g苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)次膦酰氯的溶液在氮气气氛下加热至50℃。加入5g Perstorp 3380(1,1,1-三羟甲基丙烷,PerstorpSpecialty Chemicals A.B.),溶液搅拌2小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,加入200ml去离子水。分离出有机相,用200ml饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗三次,用200ml水洗两次,最后用Na2SO4干燥。减压除去溶剂,反应产物经快速硅胶柱色谱法(二氯甲烷/甲醇97:3)纯化,获得7.35g光引发剂,为粘性液体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):0.64-0.82(m,3H),1.20-1.38(m,2H),2.02(s,18H),2.19(s,9H),3.11-3.63(m,30H),3.80-4.6(m,7H),6.72(s,6H),7.32-7.58(m,9H),7.68-7.82(m,6H)。
实施例11
PI-12的制备(其中a+b+c约等于8.5):
10ml二氯甲烷、56.67mg三乙胺和210mg双(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)次膦酰氯(根据WO2014/095724(BASF A.G.)中描述的方法制备)的溶液在氮气气氛下加热至50℃。加入86mg Aionico GL/609,溶液搅拌1小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,加入5ml去离子水。分离出有机相,用5ml饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗一次,用5ml水洗两次,用Na2SO4干燥,减压除去溶剂,反应产物经快速硅胶柱色谱法(二氯甲烷/甲醇9:1)纯化,获得0.1g光引发剂。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δppm):2.15(s,18H),2.26(s,36H),3.42-3.89(m,40H),6.72(s,12H)。
性能试验
澄清制剂
制备本发明的可光固化组合物,将浓度为4wt%的实施例1-6和10的光引发剂各自溶解在Ebecryl 605和Ebecryl 350(Allnex)组成的混合物(99.5:0.5w/w)中。
使用包含4wt%的Lucirin TPO-L(BASF AG)的可光固化组合物作为比较实施例。
将放置在傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)分光亮度计(FT-IR 430-Jasco)的样品贮存处(sample lodgment)中的每种可光固化组合物暴露于距离样品65mm并且以角度30°设置的不同光源(160W汞灯和9000mW/cm2以400nm发光的LED灯)。
曝光期间在恒定的时间间隔获取IR光谱,并且使用IR软件确定归属于丙烯酸双键的在1408cm-1的峰面积随时间的减少。这允许定量计算聚合度,因此可以计算光引发剂的效率。
表2记载了随时间的聚合百分比。表3记载了每种制剂中光活性基团的数目校正的随时间的聚合百分比。
表2
*比较实施例
表3
*比较实施例
表2和3的结果证明了本发明的多官能单-和二-酰基氧化膦的高反应性,特别是考虑到每个光活性基团的反应性(表3)。这些性能能够比得上US2012/0046376(表8和9),US7,166,647(表1)和US 7,354,957(第14栏第44-54行),以及在Macromol.Chem.Phys.208,2007,1694–1706(表4和5)、J.Photochem.Photobio.A:Chem.159,2003,103–114(表5)、Macromol.Chem.Phys.208,2007,1694-1706(表4和5)以及J.Photochem.Photobio.A:Chem.159,2003,103-114(表5)中记载的现有技术的光引发剂的性能。
颜料青色组合物
制备试验用的可光固化组合物,将浓度为5.0wt%的实施例1-5的光引发剂各自溶解在喷墨打印用的青色油墨中。
使用包含5wt%的Lucirin TPO-L(BASF AG)的可光固化组合物作为比较实施例。
将放置在FTIR分光亮度计(FT-IR 430-Jasco)的样品贮存处中的每种可光固化组合物暴露于距离样品65mm并且以角度30°设置的LED灯(9000mW/cm2,400nm发光)。
曝光期间在恒定的时间间隔获取IR光谱,并且使用IR软件确定归属于丙烯酸双键的在1408cm-1的峰面积随时间的减少。这允许定量计算聚合度,因此可以计算光引发剂的效率。
表4记载了试验结果,其表示为随时间的聚合百分比。
表4
光引发剂 | 0.5”后 | 2”后 |
Lucirin TPO-L* | 13 | 29 |
实施例1 | 12 | 26 |
实施例2 | 18 | 34 |
实施例3 | 6 | 10 |
实施例4 | 12 | 26 |
实施例5 | 15 | 32 |
*比较实施例
颜料白色组合物
制备试验用的可光固化组合物,将浓度为6.0wt%的实施例1-5的光引发剂各自溶解在白色着色系统中,所述系统包括用苯乙烯和20wt%二氧化钛稀释的不饱和聚苯乙烯。
得到的组合物用机械搅拌器匀化,并通过薄膜施加器(Erichsen,Quadruple FilmApplicator,Model 360)施加到厚度为100μm的玻璃基底(20×10cm)上。在30℃下通过闪蒸5分钟除去溶剂,然后将膜暴露于线速度为10m/min的镓灯(120W/cm)。
使用包含6wt%的Lucirin TPO-L(BASF AG)的可光固化组合物作为比较实施例。
根据标准方法ASTM D4366(Pendulum)测定硬度以及根据White Berger指数使用Color Guide 45/0(BYK)测定颜色稳定性来对光引发剂的性能进行评价。
表4记载了试验结果,其表示为随时间的聚合百分比。
在测定性能之前,将固化膜室温下在黑暗中调理12小时。
结果记载于表5。
表5
*比较实施例
本发明的多官能单-酰基氧化膦和二-酰基氧化膦在着色组合物中显示出与Lucirin TPO-L相当的或更高的反应性。它们还显示出与单官能光引发剂相当的颜色稳定性(无黄变)。
Claims (10)
1.以通式I所示的光引发剂:
式中:
每个A彼此独立地表示O、S、NR3;
G是多官能化合物(核芯)G-(A-H)m+n的残基,其中每个A-H表示醇基或氨基或硫醇基;
m和n都是整数,且m+n在3和10之间;
m在3和8之间;
R1、R2彼此独立地是C1-C18烷基、C6-C12芳基和C5-C12环烷基,所述基团各自不断开或被如下基团断开:一个或多个氧和/或硫原子、和/或一个或多个取代或未取代的亚氨基、或者R1、R2是含有氧和/或氮和/或硫原子的五至六元杂环基,其中每个所述杂环基可以被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环基团取代;
R2也可以是R1-(C=O)-;
Y是O或S;
R3是氢或C1-C4烷基;
条件是通式I所示的光引发剂不含可光固化的烯键式不饱和基团。
2.如权利要求1所述的光引发剂,其中通式I中m+n在3和8之间。
3.如权利要求1所述的光引发剂,其中通式I中m+n在3和6之间。
4.如权利要求1所述的光引发剂,其中通式I中,R1是苯基、2,6-二氯苯基、2,4,6-三氯苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基、2,6-二乙基苯基、2,6-二甲氧基苯基、2,6-二乙氧基苯基、α-萘基、2,6-二硝基苯基、2,6-二甲基环己基、2,6-二乙基环己基、2,6-二甲氧基环己基、2,6-二乙氧基环己基或2,6-二氯环己基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基以及2-乙基己基。
5.如权利要求1所述的光引发剂,其中通式I中R2是R1-(C=O)-、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、2-乙基己基、苯基、二甲苯基、4-联苯基、2-,3-或4-氯苯基、2,4-二氯苯基、2-,3-或4-甲基苯基、2,4-二甲基苯基、2-,3-或4-乙基苯基、2-、3-或4-甲氧基苯基、2,4-二甲氧基苯基、2-,3-或4-乙氧基苯基、α-萘基、甲基萘基、氯萘基、乙氧基萘基以及2-或4-硝基苯基。
6.如权利要求1所述的光引发剂,其中G-(A-H)m+n选自单体多元醇、低聚多元醇、聚合多元醇及其混合物。
7.一种可光固化组合物,包括:
a)0.05至20重量%的至少一种通式I所示的光引发剂;
式中A、G、m、n、R1、R2、Y和R3具有权利要求1指定的意义,且不含可光固化的烯键式不饱和基团;
b)30至99.9重量%的至少一种烯键式不饱和化合物。
8.如权利要求7所示的可光固化组合物,包括:
a)0.2至10重量%的至少一种所述光引发剂;
b)50至98.9重量%的至少一种烯键式不饱和化合物。
9.如权利要求7所示的可光固化组合物,还包括:
c)0.5至15重量%的另一种光引发剂。
10.如权利要求7所示的可光固化组合物,还包括:
d)0.05至12重量%的光敏剂。
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CN107001400B (zh) | 2019-08-27 |
US20170240659A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
EP3149013A1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
JP6599446B2 (ja) | 2019-10-30 |
US10106629B2 (en) | 2018-10-23 |
TW201602127A (zh) | 2016-01-16 |
EP3149013B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
WO2015181332A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
JP2017522364A (ja) | 2017-08-10 |
ES2706881T3 (es) | 2019-04-01 |
TWI651328B (zh) | 2019-02-21 |
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