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CN107009150B - Plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing composite 3D printing equipment and method - Google Patents

Plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing composite 3D printing equipment and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107009150B
CN107009150B CN201710245796.0A CN201710245796A CN107009150B CN 107009150 B CN107009150 B CN 107009150B CN 201710245796 A CN201710245796 A CN 201710245796A CN 107009150 B CN107009150 B CN 107009150B
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guide rail
axis guide
milling
platform
axis
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CN107009150A (en
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杨永强
陈杰
白玉超
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B22F2003/1051—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing composite 3D printing device and a method; the device comprises a central control system, a sealed forming chamber, a five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining device, a microbeam plasma gun, a cooler, a powder storage tank, a vertical milling machining device and a protective gas cylinder; the vertical milling device is arranged in a III area inside the sealed forming chamber, layering profile and forming surface relief for cutting a workpiece; the five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining device is arranged in a zone II inside the sealed forming chamber, for changing the processing arbitrary molding surface of the workpiece; the microbeam plasma gun is arranged in an area I in the sealed forming chamber and is used for additive manufacturing; the central control system is connected with the five-axis five-linkage numerical control processing platform, the powder storage tank, the cooler, the microbeam plasma gun, the vertical milling and milling device and the milling cutter disc. The device adopts microbeam plasma arc to process a plurality of layers, and then milling is performed, so that the surface bulge of the workpiece is precisely cut at high speed, and the surface quality of the interior of the workpiece is improved.

Description

Plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing composite 3D printing equipment and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of micro plasma arc (micro plasma arc) additive manufacturing, in particular to a plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing composite 3D printing device and method.
Background
When the plasma transferred arc current is below 15A, it is commonly referred to as a microbeam plasma arc. Such arc power is small, typically below 1kW, and is one of the ideal sources of heat for precision welding. The arc diameter is about 1.5mm, and the length can reach more than 5 mm.
The micro-beam plasma arc powder cladding rapid forming process is a metal direct forming process of welding arc. The method uses the thought of 'discrete and accumulation' in the rapid prototyping method, and is similar to the basic principle of the laser rapid prototyping method, and the microbeam plasma arc powder cladding rapid prototyping is to use a small-current plasma arc as a heat source, and realize the accumulation of layer-by-layer materials on the surface of a workpiece in a planned path in a fuse wire or powder melting mode.
The micro-beam plasma arc powder cladding rapid forming equipment mainly comprises a plasma gun, a direct current power supply with high no-load voltage, an inert gas source (plasma gas and shielding gas) and the like. The process flow is as follows: firstly, a three-dimensional CAD model of a workpiece to be formed is generated in a computer, then the model is sliced and layered according to a certain thickness, namely, three-dimensional entity information of the part is converted into a series of two-dimensional contour information, and under the control of the computer, the three-dimensional entity part is finally generated by a method of cladding and layering microbeam plasma arc powder and piling up the three-dimensional entity information layer by layer.
Microbeam plasma arcs are currently used in the welding field, but are not mature enough for additive manufacturing. In order to realize the processing of workpieces with complex shapes such as special-shaped pipeline thin-wall parts by utilizing micro-plasma arcs, a new scheme is required to be provided: and organically combining three modules of the microbeam plasma gun, the multi-axis numerical control machine tool and the vertical milling device to realize composite 3D printing of the increased and decreased materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and the shortcomings of the prior art and provide the plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing composite 3D printing equipment and method which are simple in structure and high in working efficiency. The problems of low precision, low efficiency and the like of the traditional technology for processing the workpiece with the complex shape are solved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing compound 3D printing device comprises a central control system 14 and a seal forming chamber 25;
the seal forming chamber 25 is divided into: zone I, zone II, zone III;
the I area is used for placing a microbeam plasma processing device;
the II area is used for placing a five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform;
the III area is used for placing a vertical milling device;
the central control system 14 is configured to: controlling the microbeam plasma processing device to finish the processing operation of the workpiece according to the planned path; controlling a five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform to realize the motion operation of the workpiece in the X, Y, Z axis direction according to the planned path; the vertical milling device is controlled to mill the workpiece 26 on the five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform.
The microbeam plasma processing apparatus includes:
a microbeam plasma gun 21;
an X-axis guide rail 22 of gantry construction;
a Y-axis guide rail 19 of a beam structure;
a Z-axis guide 18 of cantilever construction;
the Y-axis guide rail 19 moves up and down on the Z-axis guide rail 18;
the X-axis guide rail 22 moves back and forth on the Y-axis guide rail 19;
the microbeam plasma gun 21 is mounted on the X-axis guide rail 22 and can move left and right on the X-axis guide rail 22; the microbeam plasma gun 21 may be moved in three axes X, Y, Z under the control of the central control system 14.
The five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform comprises:
a platform X-axis guide rail 1 with a ground rail type structure;
a platform Y-axis guide rail 3 of a beam structure;
a platform Z-axis guide rail 2 with a cantilever structure;
a work platform 7;
a work substrate 8;
a processing platform 9;
a platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor 6 is arranged on the platform Z-axis guide rail 2; the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor 6 moves up and down on the Z axis;
the platform Y-axis guide rail 3 can move left and right on the platform X-axis guide rail 1;
the platform Z-axis guide rail 2 can move back and forth on the platform Y-axis guide rail 3;
the working platform 7 is connected to the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor 6, and can realize triaxial movement and X-axis direction rotation under the control of the central control system 14;
the processing platform 9 is connected with the platform Z-axis direction rotating stepping motor 5 and is arranged on the working platform 7, the workpiece substrate 8 is connected with the processing platform 9, and the three-axis movement and the X-axis and Z-axis direction rotation can be realized under the control of the central control system 14.
The vertical milling device comprises:
milling the X-axis guide rail 16 in a gantry structure;
milling a Y-axis guide rail 15 of a beam structure;
milling a Z-axis guide rail 13 with a cantilever structure;
a milling driving spindle 17 is arranged on the milling X-axis guide rail 16, and a cutter 10 is arranged at the end part of the milling driving spindle 17;
the milling Y-axis guide rail 15 moves up and down on the milling Z-axis guide rail 13;
the milling X-axis guide rail 16 moves back and forth along the milling Y-axis guide rail 15;
under the control of the central control system 14, the milling drive spindle 17 carries the tool 10 for milling a finished or partially finished workpiece 26 according to a path plan.
The end mill milling device further includes:
a milling cutter head 11 for receiving a cutter 10;
a stepping motor 12 for driving the milling cutter head 11 to rotate;
the tool changing can adopt a manual mode or an automatic mode;
if the automatic mode tool changing is adopted, the central control system 14 controls the milling X-axis guide rail 16 to move back and forth along the milling Y-axis guide rail 15 so as to adjust the tool unloading station of the milling driving spindle 17 on the milling X-axis guide rail 16, the magnetism of an electromagnetic device used for adsorbing the tool 10 on the milling driving spindle 17 disappears, the tool falls into the tool unloading station on the milling cutter head 11 under the action of gravity, then the milling driving spindle 17 is controlled to move to be right above the corresponding tool of the milling cutter head 11 and gradually approach to the tool, and the corresponding tool 10 is sucked into a tool rest mounting hole of the milling driving spindle 17 under the action of the magnetic adsorption force of the electromagnetic device, so that the tool changing and the tool mounting are realized.
The microbeam plasma gun 21 is connected with an external cooler 24 for radiating heat of the microbeam plasma gun through a pipeline; the microbeam plasma gun 21 is connected to an external powder supply device 23 by a pipe.
The seal forming chamber 25 is connected to the external shielding gas supply device 4 through a pipeline.
The seal-forming chamber 25 also includes a gas circulation purge system;
the gas circulation purification system includes:
a vacuum pumping device;
an oxygen content detection and feedback system;
a gas circulation purification device;
before starting molding, the vacuum pumping device pumps the sealed molding chamber 25 to a low pressure state, and inert gas is filled into the sealed molding chamber by the protective gas supply device 4; the oxygen content detection device detects the oxygen content in the sealed forming chamber 25 in real time; when the processing of the workpiece 26 is performed, the oxygen content in the sealed forming chamber 25 changes, and when the oxygen content exceeds the preset content range, the feedback system sends a feedback signal to the monitoring system, and the vacuumizing device and the protective gas supply device 4 are started to reduce the air pressure in the forming chamber and introduce the protective gas, so that the purpose of reducing the oxygen content in the sealed forming chamber 25 is achieved.
The operation method of the plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing composite 3D printing equipment comprises the following steps:
step 1: before molding, the sealed molding chamber 25 is vacuumized and then the protective gas is introduced;
step 2: the five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform starts working;
the platform Y-axis guide rail 3 moves to the middle position of the platform X-axis guide rail 1 along the platform X-axis guide rail 1;
the platform Z-axis guide rail 2 moves to the middle position of the platform Y-axis guide rail 3 along the platform Y-axis guide rail 3;
the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor 6 moves to the middle position of the platform Z-axis guide rail 2 along the platform Z-axis guide rail 2, the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor 6 resets in the horizontal direction, and the platform Z-axis direction rotating stepping motor 5 resets;
step 3: the microbeam plasma gun 21 starts to move, the Y-axis guide rail 19 moves to a preset position above the workpiece substrate 8 along the Z-axis guide rail 18, the X-axis guide rail 22 moves to a position right above the workpiece substrate 8 along the Y-axis guide rail 19, and the microbeam plasma gun 21 moves to a position right above the center of the workpiece substrate 8 along the X-axis guide rail 22 of the ion gun;
step 4: the microbeam plasma gun 21 starts to work, and the central control system 14 controls the cooler 24 to start to work;
the central control system 14 controls the powder supply device 23 to feed powder to the nozzle of the microbeam plasma gun 21 at a predetermined flow rate;
the microbeam plasma arc of the microbeam plasma gun 21 melts metal powder and prints the workpiece 26 layer by layer according to a planned path, and when the workpiece 26 finishes processing or stops needing milling processing in the middle, the microbeam plasma gun 21 returns to the initial position;
step 5: according to the path planning, the central control system 14 controls the workpiece substrate 8 to perform five-linkage transformation and adjustment position, and then the vertical milling device starts to work;
the milling X-axis guide rail 16 moves to be right above the workpiece substrate 8 along the milling Y-axis guide rail 15, the milling Y-axis guide rail 15 moves downwards to a preset position along the milling Z-axis guide rail 13, and the position of the milling driving spindle 17 on the milling X-axis guide rail is adjusted to perform tool setting;
after finishing the tool setting, the milling drive spindle 17 starts to feed along any axial direction, and the convex part with the cutting off of the surface of the molding surface is cut off;
after the cutting is completed, the milling X-axis guide rail 16 and the milling Y-axis guide rail 15 return to the initial positions;
step 6: steps 3 through 5 are repeated until the work piece 26 is finished being processed.
Compared with the existing micro-beam plasma arc powder cladding rapid forming equipment, the equipment realizes alternate material increasing and decreasing manufacturing in one device, so that the surface quality of a workpiece and higher processing precision can be improved, the manufacturing of a conformal opposite-shaped pipeline which cannot be realized by the traditional process can be realized, the micro-beam plasma arc thin-wall material increasing manufacturing, a multi-axis numerical control mechanism and milling and reducing materials are successfully integrated, and high-efficiency material increasing and decreasing combined processing is realized.
The invention can process the workpiece by adopting the microbeam plasma arc, then adopts precise milling to carry out personalized finish machining, improves the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of the formed workpiece, and can manufacture the special-shaped pipeline part with complex shape.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of a plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing composite 3D printing device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a microbeam plasma processing apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of a milling and tooling replacement tool for end milling.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of a milling and tooling replacement tool.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the printing of profiled tubing parts.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the milling of the profiled tube part in fig. 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7. The invention discloses a plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing composite 3D printing device, which comprises a central control system 14 and a sealing forming chamber 25;
the seal forming chamber 25 is divided into: zone I, zone II, zone III;
the I area is used for placing a microbeam plasma processing device;
the II area is used for placing a five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform;
the III area is used for placing a vertical milling device;
the central control system 14 is configured to: controlling the microbeam plasma processing device to finish the processing operation of the workpiece according to the planned path; controlling a five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform to realize the motion operation of the workpiece in the X, Y, Z axis direction according to the planned path; the vertical milling device is controlled to mill the workpiece 26 on the five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform.
As in fig. 2; the microbeam plasma processing apparatus includes:
a microbeam plasma gun 21;
an X-axis guide rail 22 of gantry construction;
a Y-axis guide rail 19 of a beam structure;
a Z-axis guide 18 of cantilever construction;
the Y-axis guide rail 19 moves up and down on the Z-axis guide rail 18;
the X-axis guide rail 22 is at Y on the axle guide 19 moving back and forth;
the microbeam plasma gun 21 is mounted on the X-axis guide rail 22 and can move left and right on the X-axis guide rail 22; the microbeam plasma gun 21 may be moved in three axes X, Y, Z under the control of the central control system 14.
As in fig. 3; the five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform comprises:
a platform X-axis guide rail 1 with a ground rail type structure;
a platform Y-axis guide rail 3 of a beam structure;
a platform Z-axis guide rail 2 with a cantilever structure;
a work platform 7;
a work substrate 8;
a processing platform 9;
a platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor 6 is arranged on the platform Z-axis guide rail 2; the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor 6 moves up and down on the Z axis;
the platform Y-axis guide rail 3 can move left and right on the platform X-axis guide rail 1;
the platform Z-axis guide rail 2 can move back and forth on the platform Y-axis guide rail 3;
the working platform 7 is connected to the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor 6, and can realize triaxial movement and X-axis direction rotation under the control of the central control system 14;
the processing platform 9 is connected with the platform Z-axis direction rotating stepping motor 5 and is arranged on the working platform 7, the workpiece substrate 8 is connected with the processing platform 9, and the three-axis movement and the X-axis and Z-axis direction rotation can be realized under the control of the central control system 14.
As in fig. 4, 1; the vertical milling device comprises:
milling the X-axis guide rail 16 in a gantry structure;
milling of beam structures a Y-axis guide rail 15;
milling a Z-axis guide rail 13 with a cantilever structure;
a milling driving spindle 17 is arranged on the milling X-axis guide rail 16, and a cutter 10 is arranged at the end part of the milling driving spindle 17;
the milling Y-axis guide rail 15 moves up and down on the milling Z-axis guide rail 13;
the milling X-axis guide rail 16 moves back and forth along the milling Y-axis guide rail 15;
under the control of the central control system 14, the milling drive spindle 17 carries the tool 10 for milling a finished or partially finished workpiece 26 according to a path plan.
As in fig. 4, 5; the end mill milling device further includes:
for placing tools 10 a milling cutter head 11;
a stepping motor 12 for driving the milling cutter head 11 to rotate;
the tool changing can adopt a manual mode or an automatic mode;
if the automatic mode tool changing is adopted, the central control system 14 controls the milling X-axis guide rail 16 to move back and forth along the milling Y-axis guide rail 15 so as to adjust the tool unloading station of the milling driving spindle 17 on the milling X-axis guide rail 16, the magnetism of an electromagnetic device used for adsorbing the tool 10 on the milling driving spindle 17 disappears, the tool falls into the tool unloading station on the milling cutter head 11 under the action of gravity, then the milling driving spindle 17 is controlled to move to be right above the corresponding tool of the milling cutter head 11 and gradually approach to the tool, and the corresponding tool 10 is sucked into a tool rest mounting hole of the milling driving spindle 17 under the action of the magnetic adsorption force of the electromagnetic device, so that the tool changing and the tool mounting are realized.
As in fig. 1; the microbeam plasma gun 21 is connected with an external cooler 24 for radiating heat of the microbeam plasma gun through a pipeline; the microbeam plasma gun 21 is connected to an external powder supply device 23 by a pipe.
As in fig. 1; the seal forming chamber 25 is connected to the external shielding gas supply device 4 through a pipeline.
The seal-forming chamber 25 also includes a gas circulation purge system (not shown);
the gas circulation purification system includes:
a vacuum pumping device;
an oxygen content detection and feedback system;
a gas circulation purification device;
before starting molding, the vacuum pumping device pumps the sealed molding chamber 25 to a low pressure state, and inert gas is filled into the sealed molding chamber by the protective gas supply device 4; the oxygen content detection device detects the oxygen content in the sealed forming chamber 25 in real time; when the processing of the workpiece 26 is performed, the oxygen content in the sealed forming chamber 25 changes, and when the oxygen content exceeds the preset content range, the feedback system sends a feedback signal to the monitoring system, and the vacuumizing device and the protective gas supply device 4 are started to reduce the air pressure in the forming chamber and introduce the protective gas, so that the purpose of reducing the oxygen content in the sealed forming chamber 25 is achieved.
The operation method of the plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool material increasing and decreasing composite 3D printing equipment can be realized through the following steps:
step 1: before molding, the sealed molding chamber 25 is vacuumized and then the protective gas is introduced;
step 2: the five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform starts working;
the platform Y-axis guide rail 3 moves to the middle position of the platform X-axis guide rail 1 along the platform X-axis guide rail 1;
the platform Z-axis guide rail 2 moves to the middle position of the platform Y-axis guide rail 3 along the platform Y-axis guide rail 3;
the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor 6 moves to the middle position of the platform Z-axis guide rail 2 along the platform Z-axis guide rail 2, the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor 6 resets in the horizontal direction, and the platform Z-axis direction rotating stepping motor 5 resets;
step 3: the microbeam plasma gun 21 starts to move, the Y-axis guide rail 19 moves to a preset position above the workpiece substrate 8 along the Z-axis guide rail 18, the X-axis guide rail 22 moves to a position right above the workpiece substrate 8 along the Y-axis guide rail 19, and the microbeam plasma gun 21 moves to a position right above the center of the workpiece substrate 8 along the X-axis guide rail 22 of the ion gun;
step 4: the microbeam plasma gun 21 starts to work, and the central control system 14 controls the cooler 24 to start to work;
the central control system 14 controls the powder supply device 23 to feed powder to the nozzle of the microbeam plasma gun 21 at a predetermined flow rate;
the microbeam plasma arc of the microbeam plasma gun 21 melts metal powder and prints the workpiece 26 layer by layer according to a planned path, and when the workpiece 26 finishes processing or stops needing milling processing in the middle, the microbeam plasma gun 21 returns to the initial position;
step 5: according to the path planning, the central control system 14 controls the workpiece substrate 8 to perform five-linkage transformation and adjustment position, and then the vertical milling device starts to work;
the milling X-axis guide rail 16 moves to be right above the workpiece substrate 8 along the milling Y-axis guide rail 15, the milling Y-axis guide rail 15 moves downwards to a preset position along the milling Z-axis guide rail 13, and the position of the milling driving spindle 17 on the milling X-axis guide rail is adjusted to perform tool setting;
after finishing the tool setting, the milling drive spindle 17 starts to feed along any axial direction, and the convex part with the cutting off of the surface of the molding surface is cut off;
after the cutting is completed, the milling X-axis guide rail 16 and the milling Y-axis guide rail 15 return to the initial positions;
step 6: the steps 3 to 5 are repeated and the process is repeated, until the work piece 26 is finished.
As described above, the liquid crystal display device, the present invention can be better realized.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the invention should be made and equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The operation method of the composite 3D printing equipment for increasing and decreasing the materials of the plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising the steps of increasing and decreasing the materials of the composite 3D printing equipment based on the plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool;
the apparatus comprises a central control system (14), a seal forming chamber (25);
the seal forming chamber (25) is divided into: zone I, zone II a III region;
the I area is used for placing a microbeam plasma processing device;
the II area is used for placing a five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform;
the III area is used for placing a vertical milling device;
the central control system (14) is configured to: controlling the microbeam plasma processing device to finish the processing operation of the workpiece according to the planned path; controlling a five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform to realize the motion operation of the workpiece in the X, Y, Z axis direction according to the planned path; controlling the vertical milling device to mill a workpiece (26) on the five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform;
the microbeam plasma processing apparatus includes:
a microbeam plasma gun (21);
an X-axis guide rail (22) of a gantry structure;
a Y-axis guide rail (19) of a beam structure;
a Z-axis guide rail (18) of cantilever construction;
the Y-axis guide rail (19) moves up and down on the Z-axis guide rail (18);
the X-axis guide rail (22) moves back and forth on the Y-axis guide rail (19);
the microbeam plasma gun (21) is arranged on the X-axis guide rail (22) and can move left and right on the X-axis guide rail (22); under the control of the central control system (14), the micro-beam plasma gun (21) can move along the X, Y, Z three axes;
the five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform comprises:
a platform X-axis guide rail (1) with a ground rail structure;
a platform Y-axis guide rail (3) of a beam structure;
a platform Z-axis guide rail (2) with a cantilever structure;
a work platform (7);
a work substrate (8);
a processing platform (9);
a platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor (6) is arranged on the platform Z-axis guide rail (2); a rotary stepping motor (6) in the X-axis direction of the platform moves up and down on the Z axis;
the platform Y-axis guide rail (3) can move left and right on the platform X-axis guide rail (1);
the Z-axis guide rail (2) of the platform can move back and forth on the Y-axis guide rail (3) of the platform;
the working platform (7) is connected to the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor (6) and can realize triaxial movement and X-axis direction rotation under the control of the central control system (14);
the processing platform (9) is connected with the platform Z-axis direction rotating stepping motor (5) and is arranged on the working platform (7), the workpiece substrate (8) is connected with the processing platform (9), and the three-axis movement and the X-axis and Z-axis direction rotation can be realized under the control of the central control system (14);
the vertical milling device comprises:
milling an X-axis guide rail (16) of a gantry structure;
milling a Y-axis guide rail (15) of a beam structure;
milling a Z-axis guide rail (13) of a cantilever structure;
a milling driving main shaft (17) is arranged on the milling X-axis guide rail (16), and a cutter (10) is arranged at the end part of the milling driving main shaft (17);
the milling Y-axis guide rail (15) moves up and down on the milling Z-axis guide rail (13);
the milling X-axis guide rail (16) moves back and forth along the milling Y-axis guide rail (15);
under the control of the central control system (14), the milling driving main shaft (17) carries the cutter (10) to mill the machined or partially machined workpiece (26) according to the path planning;
the end mill milling device further includes:
a milling cutter head (11) for receiving a cutter (10);
a stepping motor (12) for driving the milling cutter head (11) to rotate;
the tool changing can adopt a manual mode or an automatic mode;
if automatic mode tool changing is adopted, a central control system (14) controls a milling X-axis guide rail (16) to move back and forth along a milling Y-axis guide rail (15) so as to adjust a tool unloading station of a milling driving main shaft (17) on the milling X-axis guide rail (16), magnetism of an electromagnetic device used for adsorbing a tool (10) on the milling driving main shaft (17) disappears, the tool falls into the tool unloading station on a milling cutter head (11) under the action of gravity, then the milling driving main shaft (17) is controlled to move to be right above the corresponding tool of the milling cutter head (11) and gradually approach the tool, and the corresponding tool (10) is sucked into a tool rest mounting hole of the milling driving main shaft (17) under the action of magnetic adsorption force of the electromagnetic device so as to realize tool changing and mounting;
the operation method comprises the following steps:
step (1): before molding, the sealed molding chamber (25) is vacuumized and then protective gas is introduced;
step (2): the five-axis five-linkage numerical control machining platform starts working;
the platform Y-axis guide rail (3) moves to the middle position of the platform X-axis guide rail (1) along the platform X-axis guide rail (1);
the platform Z-axis guide rail (2) moves to the middle position of the platform Y-axis guide rail (3) along the platform Y-axis guide rail (3);
the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor (6) moves to the middle position of the platform Z-axis guide rail (2) along the platform Z-axis guide rail (2), the platform X-axis direction rotating stepping motor (6) resets in the horizontal direction, and the platform Z-axis direction rotating stepping motor (5) resets;
step (3): the micro-beam plasma gun (21) starts to move, the Y-axis guide rail (19) moves to a preset position above the workpiece substrate (8) along the Z-axis guide rail (18), the X-axis guide rail (22) moves to be right above the workpiece substrate (8) along the Y-axis guide rail (19), and the micro-beam plasma gun (21) moves to be right above the center of the workpiece substrate (8) along the X-axis guide rail (22) of the ion gun;
step (4): the microbeam plasma gun (21) starts to work, and the central control system (14) controls the cooler (24) to start to work;
the central control system (14) controls the powder supply device (23) to send powder to the nozzle of the microbeam plasma gun (21) according to the preset flow;
the microbeam plasma arc of the microbeam plasma gun (21) melts metal powder, and prints the workpiece (26) layer by layer according to the planned path, when the workpiece (26) finishes processing or stops the milling processing in the middle, the microbeam plasma gun (21) returns to the initial position;
step (5): according to the path planning, the central control system (14) controls the workpiece substrate (8) to perform five-linkage transformation and adjustment position, and then the vertical milling device starts to work;
the milling X-axis guide rail (16) moves to the position right above the workpiece substrate (8) along the milling Y-axis guide rail (15), the milling Y-axis guide rail (15) moves downwards to a preset position along the milling Z-axis guide rail (13), and the position of the milling driving main shaft (17) on the milling X-axis guide rail is adjusted to perform tool setting;
after finishing the tool setting, starting feeding the milling driving main shaft (17) along any axial direction, and cutting off the convex part with cutting off on the surface of the molding surface;
after the cutting is finished, the milling X-axis guide rail (16) and the milling Y-axis guide rail (15) return to the initial positions;
step (6): repeating the steps (3) to (5) until the workpiece (26) is machined.
2. The method for operating the plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool composite 3D printing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the microbeam plasma gun (21) is connected with an external cooler (24) for radiating heat of the microbeam plasma gun through a pipeline; the microbeam plasma gun (21) is connected with an external powder supply device (23) through a pipeline.
3. The method for operating the plasma and multi-axis numerical control machine tool composite 3D printing equipment according to claim 2, wherein the sealed forming chamber (25) is connected with an external shielding gas supply device (4) through a pipeline.
4. The method of operating a plasma and multi-axis numerically controlled machine tool additive and subtractive composite 3D printing apparatus of claim 2, wherein said sealed forming chamber (25) further comprises a gas circulation purge system;
the gas circulation purification system includes:
a vacuum pumping device;
oxygen content detection a feedback system;
a gas circulation purification device;
before forming, the vacuum pumping device pumps the inside of the sealed forming chamber (25) to a low pressure state, and inert gas is filled into the sealed forming chamber by the protective gas supply device (4); the oxygen content detection device detects the oxygen content in the sealed forming chamber (25) in real time; when the processing of the workpiece (26) is carried out, the oxygen content in the sealed forming chamber (25) is changed, and when the oxygen content exceeds the preset content range, the feedback system sends a feedback signal to the monitoring system, and the vacuumizing device and the protective gas supply device (4) are started to reduce the air pressure in the forming chamber and introduce the protective gas, so that the purpose of reducing the oxygen content in the sealed forming chamber (25) is achieved.
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