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CN107008586A - 气雾生成器和生成气雾的方法 - Google Patents

气雾生成器和生成气雾的方法 Download PDF

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CN107008586A
CN107008586A CN201611079159.2A CN201611079159A CN107008586A CN 107008586 A CN107008586 A CN 107008586A CN 201611079159 A CN201611079159 A CN 201611079159A CN 107008586 A CN107008586 A CN 107008586A
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heating element
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杨祖银
S·E·雷恩
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Philip Morris Products SA
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Abstract

气雾生成器和生成气雾的方法，气雾生成器包括：复合管道，其将多相液体的多种液体以一定的流量运送到加热元件，使得这些液体以期望的浓度到达加热元件处，复合管道包括：第一吸液芯，其能够操作以将第一液体以一定的流量运送到加热元件；第二吸液芯，其能够操作以将第二液体以一定的流量运送到加热元件；和毛细管，其能够操作以将第三液体以一定的流量运送到加热元件，使得第一液体、第二液体和第三液体以期望的浓度到达加热元件处；并且，所述第一吸液芯、第二吸液芯和毛细管中的至少两个具有不同的长度。本发明还提供了一种生成气雾的方法。

Description

气雾生成器和生成气雾的方法
本分案申请是基于申请号为201080045293.5，申请日为2010年10月11日，发明名称为“包括多组分吸液芯的气雾生成器”的中国专利申请的分案申请。该中国专利申请为国际申请号为PCT/EP2010/006198的国际申请的中国国家阶段。
技术领域
本发明涉及气雾生成器和生成气雾的方法。
背景技术
国际专利申请WO2004/032783公开了用于生成气雾的装置的一个示例。该装置包括瓶和吸液芯，所述瓶用于容纳液体，所述吸液芯用于将液体从瓶引出以便能够将液体蒸发到大气中。吸液芯包括亲水部分和疏水部分，并且瓶中的液体为油基液体和水基液体的混合物。不同类型的液体沿着吸液芯的相应的部分向上行进。替代地，油基液体和水基液体可以储存在单独的隔室中。
发明内容
提供了一种气雾生成器，所述气雾生成器包括：复合管道，所述复合管道将多相液体的多种液体以一定的流量运送到加热元件，使得这些液体以期望的浓度到达所述加热元件处，所述复合管道包括：第一吸液芯，所述第一吸液芯能够操作以将第一液体以一定的流量运送到所述加热元件；第二吸液芯，所述第二吸液芯能够操作以将第二液体以一定的流量运送到所述加热元件；和毛细管，所述毛细管能够操作以将第三液体以一定的流量运送到所述加热元件，使得所述第一液体、所述第二液体和所述第三液体以期望的浓度到达所述加热元件处；其中，所述加热元件能够操作以使所述多种液体挥发，以便形成挥发的流体，所述挥发的流体与周围的空气混合，以形成具有期望浓度的所述多种液体的气雾；并且其中，所述第一吸液芯、第二吸液芯和毛细管中的至少两个具有不同的长度。
还提供了一种生成气雾的方法，所述方法包括通过第一吸液芯和第二吸液芯将第一液体和第二液体从至少一个液体供应件以一定的速率运送到加热元件，使得所述液体以期望的浓度存在于加热元件处，并且从而在加热元件处使液体挥发以形成挥发的流体，所述挥发的流体与周围的空气混合以便形成具有期望浓度的液体的气雾。
附图说明
图1a和图1b是包括用于运送多相溶液的多层芯吸材料的布置方案的实施例的简图。具体地，图1a是布置方案的侧视图，图1b是布置方案的剖视图；
图2是用于由包括两相的两种不能混合的液体产生气雾的气雾生成器的实施例的简图；
图3a示出了包括具有多个通道的复合管道的气雾生成器的另一个实施例的简图；
图3b示出了图3a所示的复合管道的横截面；
图4示出了包括具有多个通道的复合管道的气雾生成器的又一个实施例的简图。
具体实施方式
提供了一种用于生成气雾的装置。所述装置可以用于诸如生成调味的气雾、香味气雾等的多种用途。该装置使液体物质挥发，所述液体物质任意地凝结在周围的空气中以形成气雾。
气雾广泛地用于多种应用中。例如，通常期望的是，利用液体和/或固体(例如粉末、药剂等)的细微分散的颗粒的气雾喷雾来治疗呼吸疾病，或者通过液体和/或固体(例如粉末、药剂等)的细微分散的颗粒的气雾喷雾来输送药物，这些气雾喷雾被吸入到患者肺部中。对于供人吸入的气雾而言，优选的是，气雾的颗粒的质量中值粒径小于2μm(微米)，优选地介于0.2μm和2μm之间，并且更加优选地介于0.5μm和1μm之间。
气雾和前体蒸汽还可以应用于产生纳米颗粒和其它粉末。包含金属的液体的挥发使得能够以精确并且节省成本的方式生产微型球轴承、泡沫金属和金属镀层。气雾和前体蒸汽还可以应用于润滑领域，其中，引入一定浓度的润滑剂颗粒可以有助于润滑剂的分配。
在优选的实施例中，装置包括具有多条通道的复合管道，所述多条通道运送液体以形成气雾。通道可以是毛细管、吸液芯、多种芯吸材料的吸液芯或它们的组合。更加特别地，复合管道可以用于将液体以一定的速度从至少一个液体供应件运送到加热元件，使得液体以期望的浓度存在于加热元件处。加热元件使液体挥发以形成挥发的流体，所述挥发的流体与周围的空气混合，以便形成具有期望浓度的液体的气雾。
本文所使用的“期望的浓度”指的是这样的浓度，所述浓度将产生具有优选的特性的气雾，所述优选的特性取决于被挥发以形成气雾的液体的成分。因此，被运送到加热元件的液体的比例和数量确定了所形成的气雾的成分。
在优选的实施例中，可以通过选择通道(毛细管、吸液芯、芯吸材料)和液体来控制被运送到加热元件的液体的比例和数量。优选地，传送两种或更多种液体，并且这些液体优选地彼此不能混合。如果被一起贮存在单个液体供应件中，则这些不能混合的液体可以形成多相。吸液芯通过毛细作用操作，并且可以与一根或多根毛细管相组合。在一个示例中，采用毛细管和两个或更多个吸液芯来运送多种液体。优选地，吸液芯包括多个小孔，这些小孔起到毛细管的作用，并且致使液体被吸入到所述小孔中。可以根据的吸液芯对不能混合的液体或相的润湿性来选择吸液芯。毛细管的内径优选地为0.1mm到10mm，优选地为0.5mm到1mm，更加优选地大约为0.1mm到0.5mm，并且甚为优选地约为0.15mm，这分别对应于8.10- 5mm2到80mm2、0.002mm2到0.8mm2、0.008mm2到0.2mm2、以及约为0.02mm2的内横截面面积。毛细管和/或吸液芯的尺寸是影响被运送到加热元件的液体的数量的另外因素。
多种几何形状可以用于以期望的流量将液体运送到加热元件。例如，诸如一种或多种合成纤维或棉纱的多种芯吸材料可以组合以便形成编织的吸液芯来运送一种或多种液体。在一个实施例中，芯吸材料可以以同心模式围绕中央毛细管布置，例如，芯吸材料制成的两根或更多根管以同心模式围绕中央毛细管布置。芯吸材料可以被金属丝网分开，所述金属丝网也可以用作运送液体的芯吸材料。
图1a和图1b是包括用于运送三相溶液的三层芯吸材料的布置方案的简图。具体地，图1a是共轴的布置方案的侧视图，图1b是布置方案的剖视图。特别地，毛细管1被三层芯吸材料2、3、4同心地包围。还能够运送四相溶液，其中毛细管1运送一相，三层芯吸材料2、3、4运送其它三相。若需要，可以省略毛细管和/或第四吸液芯。
不能混合的液体可以包括一种或多种疏水液体(例如，一种或多种精油)和一种或多种亲水液体(例如，丙二醇、丙三醇和/或其它气雾形成物)。在容纳多相液体的储液器中，这些相可以分成分离层，其中低密度相形成在高密度相上方。用于运送不能混合的液体的布置方案可以包括长度不同的通道，这些长度不同的通道适于与多相液体的不同层接触。在包括较轻的富含香味的相和较重的气雾形成物的相的两相不能混合的液体的情况下，用于运送不能混合的液体的第一和第二吸液芯或毛细管可以包括适于与较轻的富含香味的液体接触的较短的吸液芯或较短的毛细管以及适于与较重的气雾形成物接触的较长的吸液芯或较长的毛细管。另外，如果用于运送不能混合的液体的第一和第二吸液芯/毛细管以同心模式布置，则适于与较轻的富含香味的液体相接触的较短的吸液芯/毛细管可以包围适于与较重的气雾形成物接触的较长的吸液芯/毛细管。
因此，气雾生成器能够包括用于将不能混合的液体以一定速率从至少一个液体供应件运送到加热元件的布置方案，使得所述液体以期望的浓度存在于所述加热元件处。加热元件使不能混合的液体挥发以形成挥发的流体，所述挥发的流体与周围的空气混合，以便形成具有期望浓度的不能混合的液体的气雾。
加热元件可以包括金属丝网加热器，所述金属丝网加热器嵌在吸液芯的下游端部中。加热元件可以是不锈钢金属丝网或不锈钢蛇形带。加热元件连接到电源，所述电源能够是诸如直流电电池的便携式电源。然而，应用交流电也是有效的。当气雾生成器包括一根或多根毛细管时，与在吸液芯的下游端部处挥发由吸液芯所运送的液体相似，加热元件能够操作以在毛细管(多个毛细管)的下游端部处挥发通过毛细管(多个毛细管)所运送的液体(或多种液体)。
不能混合的液体优选地包括多相，这些相被从一个液体供应件运送。然而，如果需要，能够由不同的液体供应件供应液体。不能混合的液体可以包括至少一种疏水液体和至少一种亲水液体，例如香味系统和气雾形成物。香味系统可以包括一种或多种精油。气雾形成物可以包括丙二醇、丙三醇或它们的混合物。
图2是用于由包括两相的两种不能混合的液体生成气雾的气雾生成器的简图。毛细管1被两层芯吸材料2、3同心地包围，所述两层芯吸材料2、3分别将液体5、6运送到加热元件7。在加热元件7使不能混合的液体挥发以形成挥发的流体之后，所述挥发的流体可以被传送到嘴部8，通过所述嘴部8可以吸入所形成的气雾。控制电路9调节供应给加热元件7的优选地是直流电的电力供应。如果需要，可以通过毛细管1运送其它相。
图3a是用于由包括三相的三种不能混合的液体生成气雾的气雾生成器100的另一个实施例的简图。气雾生成器100的储液器116填充有三种液体。第一毛细管104被第二毛细管108和第三毛细管114同心地包围。第一毛细管104将可以是亲水液体的第一液体103从储液器116运送到加热元件120。第二毛细管108和第三毛细管114将第二液体107和第三液体113运送到加热元件120，所述第二液体107和第三液体113可以分别是中性液体和疏水液体。在加热元件120挥发不能混合的液体以形成挥发的流体之后，所述挥发的流体可以被转移到嘴部122，通过嘴部122可以吸入所形成的气雾140。控制电路130调节供应给加热元件120的优选地是直流电的电力供应。
同心的毛细管104、108、114形成气雾生成器100的复合管道。图3b示出了图3a的复合管道在AA处的横截面。如图3b所示，当使用同心的毛细管时，毛细管侧壁之间的距离相当于中心毛细管的先前所提及的内径。例如，在图3b中，第一毛细管104和第二毛细管108之间的距离或第二毛细管108和第三毛细管110之间的距离能够是0.1mm到10mm，优选地是0.5mm到1mm，更加优选地大约是0.1mm到0.5mm，并且甚为优选地为大约0.15mm。优选地，毛细管可以由玻璃、多孔金属、合成材料以及它们的组合制成。
图4是用于由包括三相的三种不能混合的液体生成气雾的气雾生成器100的另一个实施例的图解。第一吸液芯12将液体111的可以是亲水液体的第一相从储液器116运送到加热元件120。在这个实施例中，液体111能够是不能混合的液体(例如，亲水液体、疏水液体以及中性液体或它们中的任意两种的组合)的乳化液。第二吸液芯14和第三吸液芯16将液体111的分别可以是中性液体和疏水液体的其它相运送到加热元件120。如图4所示，第一吸液芯12、第二吸液芯14和第三吸液芯16可以经由储液器116的盖118并且通过通道132等将液体运送到加热元件120。如先前所述，在加热元件120挥发不能混合的液体以形成挥发的流体之后，所述挥发的流体可以被转移到嘴部122。还如先前所述的那样，控制电路130调节供应到加热元件120的电力供应。
在优选实施例中，第一吸液芯12、第二吸液芯14和第三吸液芯16可以是互相交织的(编织的)或分离的。互相交织的吸液芯可以是运送多种相的多种材料。例如，运送亲水相的合成芯吸材料能够包括具有氢氧基的塑料或橡胶分子，所述氢氧基具有对极性相液体的亲和性。没有氢氧基的非极性的塑性材料成份具有对于非极性相液体的亲和性，并且诸如棉花的天然材料具有对中性相液体的亲和性。因而，第一吸液芯12、第二吸液芯14和第三吸液芯16能够将来自液体111的分离相运送到加热元件120，使得这些相能够以期望的浓度存在于加热元件处。
还提供了一种生成气雾的方法，所述方法包括将不能混合的液体从至少一个液体供应件以一定的速率运送到加热元件，使得所述液体以期望的浓度存在于加热元件处，并且从而在加热元件处挥发不能混合的液体以形成挥发的流体，所述挥发的流体与周围的空气混合，以形成具有期望浓度的不能混合的液体的气雾。
尽管已经描述了各种实施例，但是应当理解的是，对于本领域中的那些技术人员，显而易见的是可以采用变形方案和修改方案。这些变形方案和修改方案应当被认为是在所附的权利要求的界限和范围内。

Claims (11)

1.一种气雾生成器，所述气雾生成器包括：
复合管道，所述复合管道将多相液体的多种液体以一定的流量运送到加热元件，使得这些液体以期望的浓度到达所述加热元件处，所述复合管道包括：第一吸液芯，所述第一吸液芯能够操作以将第一液体以一定的流量运送到所述加热元件；第二吸液芯，所述第二吸液芯能够操作以将第二液体以一定的流量运送到所述加热元件；和毛细管，所述毛细管能够操作以将第三液体以一定的流量运送到所述加热元件，使得所述第一液体、所述第二液体和所述第三液体以期望的浓度到达所述加热元件处；
其中，所述加热元件能够操作以使所述多种液体挥发，以便形成挥发的流体，所述挥发的流体与周围的空气混合，以形成具有期望浓度的所述多种液体的气雾；并且
其中，所述第一吸液芯、第二吸液芯和毛细管中的至少两个具有不同的长度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的气雾生成器，其中，所述第一吸液芯和所述第二吸液芯以同心模式布置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的气雾生成器，所述气雾生成器还包括第三吸液芯，所述第三吸液芯能够操作以将第四液体运送到所述加热元件。
4.根据权利要求3所述的气雾生成器，其中
所述多种液体包括疏水液体、亲水液体和中性液体的组合；
第一吸液芯由对亲水液体具有亲和性的材料制成；
第二吸液芯由对疏水液体具有亲和性的材料制成；
第三吸液芯由对中性液体具有亲和性的材料制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的气雾生成器，其中，所述液体包括香味系统和气雾形成物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的气雾生成器，其中，所述气雾形成物包括从由丙二醇、丙三醇、和丙二醇和丙三醇的混合物所组成的组中选取的材料。
7.一种生成气雾的方法，所述方法包括：
通过长度不同的第一吸液芯和第二吸液芯将多相液体的第一液体和第二液体从至少一个液体供应件以一定的速率运送到加热元件，并且通过毛细管将第三液体从所述至少一个液体供应件以一定的速率运送到所述加热元件，使得所述液体以期望的浓度存在于所述加热元件处，所述第一吸液芯和第二吸液芯适于接触所述多相液体的不同层；以及
在所述加热元件处挥发所述液体以形成挥发的流体，所述挥发的流体与周围的空气混合，以便形成具有期望浓度的液体的气雾。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，第一吸液芯和第二吸液芯以同心模式围绕毛细管布置。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述液体包括香味系统和气雾形成物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述气雾形成物包括从由丙二醇、丙三醇、以及丙二醇和丙三醇的混合物所组成的组中选取的材料。
11.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，第四液体通过第三吸液芯运送到所述加热元件。
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CN111974565B (zh) * 2020-04-29 2021-12-24 上海电力大学 一种基于亲疏性组合表面协同调控的气液两相喷射器

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