CN106961955B

CN106961955B - Method for culturing seedlings of panax japonicus

Info

Publication number: CN106961955B
Application number: CN201710171971.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆子璇; 陆远强; 陆静
Original assignee: Fenggang Lingyixin Chinese Herbal Medicine Planting Co ltd
Current assignee: Guizhou Qianfeng Baicao Technology Development Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2017-03-21
Filing date: 2017-03-21
Publication date: 2020-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-21
Also published as: CN106961955A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal plant planting, and provides a method for growing seedlings of panax japonicus, which comprises the following steps: A. selecting mature fruits of plants growing for more than 3 years, peeling, taking grains, and drying in the sun to obtain seeds; B. and D, intercropping the seeds obtained in the step A and pink reineckea herbs in the current year, and comprising the following steps: uniformly scattering a layer of burnt soil on a substrate plate, sowing the pearl ginseng and the pink reineckea herb seeds in an intercropping mode, then paving a layer of humus soil, finally paving a layer of fine soil, and covering a mulching film; C. seedling management: after the seedlings come out of the soil, watering and fertilizing at proper time, and spraying a 70% mancozeb diluted solution to the seedlings; D. and (5) transplanting. Can realize letting the pearl participate in the effect of drawing moisture automatically according to self growth demand through this technical scheme, improve the survival rate of pearl participating in the seedling.

Description

Method for culturing seedlings of panax japonicus

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal plant planting, in particular to a sowing mode for automatically acquiring water during the process of raising seedlings of panax japonicus.

Background

The rhizoma panacis majoris is a traditional Chinese medicinal material, can tonify lung, relieve cough, stop bleeding and promote tissue regeneration, has good inhibiting and eliminating effects on various germs, can slow down aging, and has high medicinal value. The propagation method usually adopts seed propagation; when selecting seeds, seeds formed by perennial plants are selected, and then the seeds are sowed and raised in a dibbling mode, wherein the sowing season is selected in winter. With the increasing demand of the bead ginseng, the wild bead ginseng cannot meet the market, and the artificial planting mode is more and more common.

The publication No. CN105900723A discloses a method for culturing seedlings of Panax japonicum, which comprises the following steps: a1: collecting mature and full panax japonicus fruits, and removing pulp to obtain panax japonicus seeds; a2: laying a culture substrate with the thickness of 7-8cm in a culture tank, uniformly scattering the panax japonicus seeds on the culture substrate, and finally covering a layer of culture soil with the thickness of 1-2cm to finish seed broadcasting; a3: keeping the temperature in the culture room at 20 + -1 deg.C, keeping the humidity of culture soil and culture medium at 30-35%, and the relative humidity of air at 50-60%; after the seedling of the seed is unearthed, alternately carrying out illumination and stopping illumination according to the light period (L) and the dark period (D) of 17-18:6-7, wherein the illumination intensity in illumination is 2800 plus 3100lux, and spraying a compound fertilizer aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 4-6% at proper time so as to keep the humidity of the cultivation soil at 40-50%; a4: after the emergence rate is stable, the natural light intensity and the natural light intensity in alternation between the bright period and the dark period are recovered, and the compound fertilizer aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 4-6% is continuously sprayed at proper time to keep the humidity of the cultivation soil at 40-50%; a5: transplanting the seedlings to a cultivation land when the height of more than or equal to 90 percent of the seedlings reaches 3cm, thereby completing the whole seedling cultivation process.

However, the method for raising seedlings in the cultivation room is not only limited in scale and high in cost, but also needs less moisture for the panax japonicus in the early growth stage of the seeds, and the moisture needed by the panax japonicus is more and more increased along with the growth cycle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for raising seedlings of panax japonicus, which enables roots of the panax japonicus to automatically absorb water according to growth requirements and improves the survival rate of the seedlings of the panax japonicus.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for culturing the seedlings of the panax japonicus comprises the following steps:

A. selecting mature fruits of plants growing for more than 3 years, peeling, taking grains, and drying in the sun to obtain seeds;

B. and D, intercropping the seeds obtained in the step A and pink reineckea herbs in the current year, and comprising the following steps: uniformly scattering a layer of burnt soil on a substrate plate, sowing the pearl ginseng and the pink reineckea herb seeds in an intercropping mode, then paving a layer of humus soil, finally paving a layer of fine soil, and covering a mulching film;

C. seedling management: after the seedlings come out of the soil, watering and fertilizing at proper time, and spraying a 70% mancozeb diluted solution to the seedlings;

D. transplanting;

and step B, the water supply device is arranged below the substrate plate, a water absorption hole is formed in the bottom of the substrate plate, the water supply device comprises a water tank, a water absorption layer capable of floating on the water surface is placed in the water tank, and a pressure spring is connected between the substrate plate and the water tank.

When the technical scheme is adopted, the working principle of the water supply device is as follows: before sowing, filling water in the water tank, then spreading burnt soil, seeds, humus soil, fine soil and a mulching film on the substrate plate according to the step in the step B, and supporting the substrate plate above the water tank under the thrust of a pressure spring; along with the growth of the stichopus japonicus, the gravity of the substrate plate is gradually increased, the pressure spring is gradually compressed to extrude the water absorbing layer, the water absorbing layer can absorb water from the water tank at the moment, and the water absorbed to the water absorbing layer can enter the burnt soil from the water absorbing holes of the substrate plate so as to provide water for the seeds to grow.

Compare with the feedwater mode through spraying among the prior art, this technical scheme's beneficial effect lies in: 1. according to the technical scheme, the water supply device is arranged below the substrate plate, so that the pressure on the substrate plate can be changed through the gravity change of the growth of the ginseng, the water amount sucked through the water suction holes is changed, the effect of automatically sucking water by the ginseng beads according to the growth requirements of the ginseng beads is realized, and the survival rate of the ginseng bead seedlings is improved; 2. the quantity selection range of the rhizoma panacis majoris seeds sowed on the substrate plate is large, when the quantity of the seeds is small, the water demand is small, the integral gravity is small, the water source capable of being sucked by the water suction holes is small, when the quantity of the seeds is large, the water demand is large, the integral gravity is large, and the water source capable of being sucked by the water suction holes is large; 3. researches show that 75% of shading rate is required in the growing process of the phyllanthus communis, the reineckia communis and the reineckia carnea are sowed in an intercropping mode, so that the reineckia communis can provide a sufficient negative environment for the seedling of the phyllanthus communis without a cultivation room with higher cost, the reineckia communis and the phyllanthus communis are similar in growth habit, are perennial herbaceous plants, are cold-resistant and strong in adaptability, and have certain medicinal value and decorative and ornamental value.

Further, a layer of water-retaining agent is paved between the burnt soil and the seeds. The water-retaining agent is a high water-absorbent resin, can repeatedly absorb and release water, can absorb redundant water when the water absorbed by the water absorption holes from the water absorption layer is more, and can release water for the growth of the panax pearl when the water absorbed by the water absorption holes from the water absorption layer is less, so that the effective utilization of the water by the panax pearl is further improved.

Further, the water-retaining agent is a gel water-retaining agent obtained by mixing and soaking a powder water-retaining agent, water, urea and monoammonium phosphate. The powder water-retaining agent is fully mixed with water, urea and phosphoric acid, so that the water-retaining agent can provide moisture for the panax japonicus and can also provide fertilizer; when the water-retaining agent is in a powder shape, the soaking effect of the water-retaining agent with water, urea and monoammonium phosphate is better, namely the water-absorbing performance of the water-retaining agent is better, the more water can be released finally, and correspondingly, more fertilizer nutrients can be released; the urea and the monoammonium phosphate can be used as sources of nitrogenous fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers of the rhizoma panacis majoris, and the influence on the water-retaining agent is small, so that the fertilizer-retaining performance of the water-retaining agent is the best to the greatest extent.

Further, the water-absorbing layer is made of sponge. The sponge not only has stronger water absorption and can float on the water surface, but also has lower cost, and can further reduce the cost of the seedling raising of the panax japonicus in the technical scheme.

Furthermore, the pressure spring is arranged at the upper part of the water tank, and a water inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water tank. The pressure spring is arranged at the upper part of the water tank, so that the pressure spring can be effectively prevented from rusting after being soaked in water in the water tank for a long time, and the service life of the water supply device can be prolonged by arranging the pressure spring at the upper part of the water tank; the bottom of the water tank is provided with the water inlet pipe, so that water can be supplemented for the water tank at any time, and a water source required by the rhizoma panacis majoris is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a water supply apparatus according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a substrate plate 1, a sponge 2, a water tank 3, a pressure spring 4, a support rod 5, a water inlet pipe 6 and a water suction hole 7.

Example 1

The method for culturing the seedlings of the panax japonicus comprises the following steps:

B. and D, intercropping the seeds obtained in the step A and pink reineckea herbs in the current year, and comprising the following steps: uniformly spreading a layer of burnt soil on a substrate plate, uniformly spreading seeds, paving a layer of humus soil, paving a layer of fine soil, and covering a mulching film;

D. transplanting;

the step B also comprises a water supply device arranged below the substrate plate 1, as shown in figure 1, the bottom of the substrate plate 1 is provided with a water suction hole 7, the water supply device comprises a water tank 3, a layer of sponge 2 is placed in the water tank 3, the sponge 2 is positioned between the water tank 3 and the substrate plate 1 under the buoyancy effect of water, supporting rods 5 are welded at the upper ends of two side walls of the water tank 3, and a pressure spring 4 is fixedly connected between the supporting rods 5 and the substrate plate 1, so that the substrate plate 1 is supported.

It is known that, the moisture that vegetation needs is mainly followed soil and is absorb, and the absorptive organ of plant is the root, grow gradually along with pearl ginseng, its root can grow gradually, lead to its gravity also grow gradually, final matrix board 1 gravity also extrudees sponge 2 along with it, sponge 2 will follow suction hole 7 and get into on the matrix board from the moisture that absorbs in the basin 3, thereby for pearl ginseng provide moisture, different growth period, the gravity that pearl ginseng is different, the gravity of matrix board 1 is also different, it is also different to sponge 2's pressure, make sponge 2 also different from the water yield that absorbs in the basin 3, finally the water yield that gets into matrix board 1 through suction hole 7 is also different, thereby realize the pearl according to the pearl ginseng self growth demand and the effect of automatic moisture absorption.

Example 2

This example differs from example 1 only in that: and a layer of water-retaining agent is laid between the burnt soil and the seeds, and the water-retaining agent is a gel water-retaining agent obtained by mixing and soaking a powder water-retaining agent, water, urea and monoammonium phosphate.

Comparative example

The comparative example provides a traditional method for breeding panax japonicus, mature and full seeds are selected, a breeding substrate is paved in a breeding room, the panax japonicus seeds are uniformly scattered, the temperature of the breeding room is kept at about 20 ℃, the humidity of the substrate is kept at about 35%, appropriate illumination is given, and field management such as fertilization and watering is carried out.

The seedling raising results of the panax japonicus in the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the comparative embodiment are compared, and the results are shown in the first table:

table one:

as can be seen from the comparison of the first embodiment and the second embodiment with the comparative example, the survival rate is higher by the method for breeding the stichopus japonicus; in the second embodiment, the water-retaining agent is added into the matrix, so that the finally obtained indexes are the highest, and the water-retaining agent further effectively controls the moisture content around the root of the panax japonicus. Therefore, by the method for breeding the stichopus japonicus, the moisture content in the growth environment of the stichopus japonicus is effectively controlled, and the survival rate of the stichopus japonicus is remarkably improved.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various changes and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should be construed as the scope of protection of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts, which are omitted from the description of the present invention, are all known techniques.

Claims

1. The method for raising the seedlings of the panax japonicus is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

B. and D, intercropping the seeds obtained in the step A and pink reineckea herbs in the current year, and comprising the following steps: uniformly scattering a layer of burnt soil on a substrate plate, sowing the pearl ginseng and the pink reineckea herb seeds in an intercropping mode, then paving a layer of humus soil, finally paving a layer of fine soil, and covering a mulching film; a layer of water-retaining agent is also paved between the burnt soil and the seeds; the water-retaining agent is a gel water-retaining agent obtained by mixing and soaking a powder water-retaining agent, water, urea and monoammonium phosphate;

D. transplanting;

and step B, the water supply device is arranged below the substrate plate, a water absorption hole is formed in the bottom of the substrate plate, the water supply device comprises a water tank, a water absorption layer capable of floating on the water surface is placed in the water tank, the water absorption layer is made of sponge, and a pressure spring is connected between the substrate plate and the water tank.

2. The method for growing seedlings of panax japonicus according to claim 1, wherein the pressure spring is arranged at the upper part of the water tank, and a water inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water tank.