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CN106950062B - Test experiment table for anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearing - Google Patents

Test experiment table for anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106950062B
CN106950062B CN201710225374.7A CN201710225374A CN106950062B CN 106950062 B CN106950062 B CN 106950062B CN 201710225374 A CN201710225374 A CN 201710225374A CN 106950062 B CN106950062 B CN 106950062B
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bearing
stator
housing
magnetic suspension
motor
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CN106950062A (en
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吕民东
王子羲
哈里
贾晓红
王玉明
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/04Bearings
    • G01M13/045Acoustic or vibration analysis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08Shock-testing

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台,包括:外壳;径向轴承定子、轴向轴承定子、电机定子和两个保护轴承,径向轴承定子、轴向轴承定子和电机定子均安装在外壳内,两个保护轴承均安装在外壳外且分别位于外壳的左右两端;磁悬浮轴系,磁悬浮轴系设在外壳内且左右两端分别伸出外壳;两个接触力测量平台,两个接触力测量平台均设置在外壳外且分别位于外壳的左右两端,保护轴承安装在接触力测量平台上,每个接触力测量平台包括四个压电传感器。根据本发明的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台,适于评价保护轴承的可靠性和使用寿命,研究保护轴承的抗跌落性能,并且测量精度较高。

The invention discloses a test bench for the anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearings, which includes: a shell; a radial bearing stator, an axial bearing stator, a motor stator and two protective bearings, the radial bearing stator, the axial bearing stator and the motor stator. Both are installed in the casing, and the two protective bearings are installed outside the casing and located at the left and right ends of the casing; the magnetic levitation shaft system is located in the casing and the left and right ends respectively extend out of the casing; two contact force measurement platforms , two contact force measurement platforms are set outside the shell and located at the left and right ends of the shell respectively. The protective bearing is installed on the contact force measurement platform. Each contact force measurement platform includes four piezoelectric sensors. The test bench for testing the anti-drop performance of the magnetic suspension bearing according to the present invention is suitable for evaluating the reliability and service life of the protective bearing, studying the anti-drop performance of the protective bearing, and has high measurement accuracy.

Description

磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台Test bench for magnetic bearing drop resistance

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及磁悬浮轴承技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台。The present invention relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension bearings, and specifically to a test bench for testing the anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearings.

背景技术Background technique

磁悬浮轴承利用电磁力来使轴系与轴承相对悬浮转动,具有无摩擦阻力、运转精度高、刚度和阻尼可调节等优点,尤其适合在高转速、低损耗、低噪音的场合使用。保护轴承(例如,滚动轴承)是磁悬浮轴承的辅助支撑结构,它的主要作用之一是当磁悬浮轴承失效(例如,磁悬浮轴系跌落)时,保护轴承能够临时支撑高速旋转的轴系,使其重新悬浮或者安全降速。Magnetic bearings use electromagnetic force to make the shaft system and bearings rotate in relative suspension. They have the advantages of no friction resistance, high operating accuracy, adjustable stiffness and damping, and are especially suitable for use in high-speed, low-loss, and low-noise situations. Protective bearings (for example, rolling bearings) are auxiliary support structures for magnetic suspension bearings. One of its main functions is that when the magnetic suspension bearing fails (for example, the magnetic suspension shaft system falls), the protective bearing can temporarily support the high-speed rotating shaft system to allow it to re- Hover or safely slow down.

当高速旋转的磁悬浮轴系发生跌落时,轴系与保护轴承的内圈之间将发生剧烈地碰撞和摩擦。由于轴系与保护轴承的内圈之间存在很小的间隙,因此轴系在跌落过程中的轨迹响应非常复杂,包括钟摆振动、混合摩擦、弹跳以及全周摩擦。轴系与保护轴承之间的接触力具有高幅值和高频的特性,巨大的振动与冲击很可能导致保护轴承失效,甚至造成磁悬浮轴承和转子严重烧毁。When the high-speed rotating magnetic levitation shaft system falls, violent collision and friction will occur between the shaft system and the inner ring protecting the bearing. Since there is a small gap between the shafting and the inner ring that protects the bearing, the trajectory response of the shafting during a drop is very complex, including pendulum vibration, mixed friction, bounce, and full circumferential friction. The contact force between the shaft system and the protective bearing has high amplitude and high frequency characteristics. Huge vibration and impact are likely to cause the protective bearing to fail, or even cause the magnetic bearing and rotor to be severely burned.

目前,对保护轴承的抗跌落性能的测试还缺乏有效的技术手段,因此对于预测保护轴承的使用寿命还有很多工作未完成。台架实验是研究磁悬浮轴承的抗跌落性能的重要手段,即,通过模拟磁悬浮轴承运行的实际工况来进行磁悬浮轴系的高速跌落实验,然而通常仅利用台架实验研究不同的参数对轴心轨迹和振动的影响,并不涉及保护轴承的寿命评价和抗跌落性能研究。At present, there is still a lack of effective technical means for testing the anti-drop performance of protective bearings, so there is still a lot of work to be done to predict the service life of protective bearings. Bench experiments are an important means to study the anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearings. That is, high-speed drop experiments of magnetic suspension shafts are carried out by simulating the actual operating conditions of magnetic suspension bearings. However, bench experiments are usually only used to study the impact of different parameters on the axis. The influence of trajectory and vibration does not involve the life evaluation and anti-drop performance research of the protective bearing.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台,所述磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台适于评价保护轴承的可靠性和使用寿命,研究保护轴承的抗跌落性能,并且测量精度较高。The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a test bench for the anti-drop performance of magnetic levitation bearings. The test bench for the anti-drop performance of magnetic levitation bearings is suitable for evaluating the reliability and service life of protective bearings, and studying the anti-drop performance of protective bearings, and The measurement accuracy is high.

根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台,包括:外壳;径向轴承定子、轴向轴承定子、电机定子和两个保护轴承,所述径向轴承定子、所述轴向轴承定子和所述电机定子均安装在所述外壳内,两个所述保护轴承均安装在所述外壳外且分别位于所述外壳的左右两端;磁悬浮轴系,所述磁悬浮轴系设在所述外壳内且左右两端分别伸出所述外壳,所述磁悬浮轴系分别穿过所述径向轴承定子、所述轴向轴承定子、所述电机定子和所述保护轴承;两个接触力测量平台,两个所述接触力测量平台均设置在所述外壳外且分别位于所述外壳的左右两端,所述保护轴承安装在所述接触力测量平台上,每个接触力测量平台包括用于测量所述保护轴承与所述磁悬浮轴系之间接触力的四个压电传感器。A test bench for testing the anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearings according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a shell; a radial bearing stator, an axial bearing stator, a motor stator and two protection bearings, the radial bearing stator, the axial bearing The stator and the motor stator are both installed in the housing, and the two protective bearings are installed outside the housing and located at the left and right ends of the housing respectively; a magnetic levitation shaft system, the magnetic levitation shaft system is located at the The magnetic levitation shaft system passes through the radial bearing stator, the axial bearing stator, the motor stator and the protective bearing respectively; two contact forces Measuring platform, the two contact force measuring platforms are arranged outside the housing and are located at the left and right ends of the housing respectively. The protective bearing is installed on the contact force measuring platform. Each contact force measuring platform includes Four piezoelectric sensors used to measure the contact force between the protective bearing and the magnetic suspension shaft system.

根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台,能够模拟实际工况,评价保护轴承的可靠性和使用寿命,研究保护轴承的抗跌落性能,并且对磁悬浮轴系与保护轴承之间接触力的测量的精度较高。The test bench for the anti-drop performance of the magnetic levitation bearing according to the embodiment of the present invention can simulate actual working conditions, evaluate the reliability and service life of the protective bearing, study the anti-drop performance of the protective bearing, and conduct research on the relationship between the magnetic levitation shaft system and the protective bearing. The measurement accuracy of contact force is relatively high.

另外,根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台还具有如下附加的技术特征:In addition, the test bench for testing the anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearings according to embodiments of the present invention also has the following additional technical features:

根据本发明的一些实施例,所述外壳由弹簧钢压带固定在支座上,所述接触力测量平台还包括机架,所述机架与所述支座均安装在底座上。According to some embodiments of the present invention, the housing is fixed on the support by a spring steel pressure band, the contact force measurement platform further includes a frame, and the frame and the support are both installed on the base.

根据本发明的一些实施例,所述径向轴承定子为两个且分别位于所述外壳的左右两端,每个所述径向轴承定子与所述外壳间隙配合且由壳体端盖固定在所述外壳内,所述壳体端盖与所述外壳螺纹连接。According to some embodiments of the present invention, there are two radial bearing stators and they are respectively located at the left and right ends of the housing. Each of the radial bearing stators has a clearance fit with the housing and is fixed by a housing end cover. In the housing, the housing end cover is threadedly connected to the housing.

根据本发明的一些实施例,所述轴向轴承定子与所述外壳间隙配合且包括:两个子轴承定子;定子垫片,两个所述子轴承定子通过所述定子垫片间隔开,两个所述子轴承定子与所述定子垫片螺纹连接在所述外壳上。According to some embodiments of the present invention, the axial bearing stator is clearance-fitted with the housing and includes: two sub-bearing stators; stator spacers, the two sub-bearing stators are spaced apart by the stator spacers, two The sub-bearing stator and the stator gasket are threadedly connected to the housing.

根据本发明的一些实施例,所述磁悬浮轴系包括:主轴,主轴的左端和右端均伸出所述外壳;径向轴承转子、推力盘、电机转子和保护轴套,所述径向轴承转子、所述推力盘、所述电机转子和所述保护轴套分别与所述径向轴承定子、所述轴向轴承定子、所述电机定子和所述保护轴承位置对应,且所述径向轴承转子、所述推力盘和所述电机转子均与所述主轴过盈配合,所述保护轴套与所述主轴间隙配合,所述保护轴套通过圆螺母固定在所述主轴上。According to some embodiments of the present invention, the magnetic suspension shaft system includes: a main shaft, the left and right ends of the main shaft both extend out of the housing; a radial bearing rotor, a thrust plate, a motor rotor and a protective sleeve. The radial bearing rotor , the thrust plate, the motor rotor and the protective sleeve respectively correspond to the positions of the radial bearing stator, the axial bearing stator, the motor stator and the protective bearing, and the radial bearing The rotor, the thrust plate and the motor rotor all have an interference fit with the main shaft, the protective sleeve has a clearance fit with the main shaft, and the protective sleeve is fixed on the main shaft through a round nut.

根据本发明的一些实施例,所述磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台还包括用于冷却所述电机定子和所述外壳的电机水套,所述电机水套与所述电机定子过盈配合且与所述外壳间隙配合,所述外壳上设有分别与所述外壳和所述电机水套之间的间隙连通的入水口和出水口。According to some embodiments of the present invention, the test bench for the anti-drop performance of the magnetic suspension bearing also includes a motor water jacket for cooling the motor stator and the housing, and the motor water jacket has an interference fit with the motor stator. And in clearance fit with the housing, the housing is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet respectively connected with the gap between the housing and the motor water jacket.

有利地,所述入水口位于所述外壳底部且所述出水口位于所述外壳顶部。Advantageously, the water inlet is located at the bottom of the housing and the water outlet is located at the top of the housing.

在本发明的一些实施例中,所述电机水套的左右两端均套设有第一级密封圈和第二级密封圈,所述电机水套左端的所述第二级密封圈相对于所述第一级密封圈邻近所述电机水套的左端面,所述电机水套右端的所述第二级密封圈相对于所述第一级密封圈邻近所述电机水套的右端面。In some embodiments of the present invention, the left and right ends of the motor water jacket are equipped with first-level sealing rings and second-level sealing rings, and the second-level sealing ring at the left end of the motor water jacket is opposite to The first-stage sealing ring is adjacent to the left end surface of the motor water jacket, and the second-stage sealing ring at the right end of the motor water jacket is adjacent to the right end surface of the motor water jacket relative to the first-stage sealing ring.

进一步地,所述外壳上还设有泄漏口,所述泄漏口位于相邻的所述第一级密封圈和所述第二级密封圈之间。Furthermore, the housing is also provided with a leakage port, and the leakage port is located between the adjacent first-level sealing ring and the second-level sealing ring.

可选地,所述电机水套与所述外壳之间设有用于防止所述电机水套和所述外壳腐蚀的锌棒,所述锌棒通过堵丝安装在所述外壳上。Optionally, a zinc rod is provided between the motor water jacket and the casing to prevent corrosion of the motor water jacket and the casing, and the zinc rod is installed on the casing through a plug.

本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1是根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台的剖视图;Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a test bench for testing the anti-drop performance of a magnetic suspension bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2是根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台的外壳的立体图;Figure 2 is a perspective view of the shell of a test bench for testing the anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearings according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3是根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台的径向轴承定子的立体图;Figure 3 is a perspective view of a radial bearing stator of a test bench for testing the anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearings according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图4是根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台的子轴承定子的立体图;Figure 4 is a perspective view of the sub-bearing stator of the test bench for testing the anti-drop performance of the magnetic suspension bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图5是根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台的主轴的结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the main shaft of a test bench for testing the anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearings according to an embodiment of the present invention.

附图标记:Reference signs:

磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台100,Magnetic bearing drop resistance test bench 100,

底座1,压电传感器2,接触力测量平台3,径向位移传感器4,壳体端盖5,电机压盖6,外壳7,出水口8,电机水套9,电机定子10,吊孔11,弹簧钢压带12,推力盘13,径向轴承定子14,径向轴承转子15,保护轴承16,圆螺母17,轴向位移传感器18,传感器支座19,机架20,保护轴套21,轴向轴承定子22,定子垫片23,支座24,泄漏口25,入水口26,电机转子27,锌棒28,堵丝29,第一级密封圈30,第二级密封圈31,主轴32。Base 1, piezoelectric sensor 2, contact force measurement platform 3, radial displacement sensor 4, housing end cover 5, motor gland 6, housing 7, water outlet 8, motor water jacket 9, motor stator 10, hanging hole 11 , spring steel pressure belt 12, thrust plate 13, radial bearing stator 14, radial bearing rotor 15, protective bearing 16, round nut 17, axial displacement sensor 18, sensor support 19, frame 20, protective sleeve 21 , axial bearing stator 22, stator gasket 23, support 24, leakage port 25, water inlet 26, motor rotor 27, zinc rod 28, plug 29, first-stage sealing ring 30, second-stage sealing ring 31, Spindle 32.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

下面参考附图描述根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台100。The test bench 100 for testing the anti-drop performance of a magnetic suspension bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

如图1-图5所示,根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台100,包括外壳7、径向轴承定子14、轴向轴承定子22、电机水套9、电机定子10、两个保护轴承16、磁悬浮轴系和两个接触力测量平台3。As shown in Figures 1 to 5, a test bench 100 for testing the anti-drop performance of a magnetic suspension bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 7, a radial bearing stator 14, an axial bearing stator 22, a motor water jacket 9, and a motor stator 10 , two protective bearings 16, magnetic suspension shafting and two contact force measurement platforms 3.

具体而言,外壳7由弹簧钢压带12通过螺纹连接固定在支座24上,支座24通过螺栓连接在底座1上。外壳7上布置有吊孔11,吊环与吊孔11螺纹连接,以方便移动外壳7。径向轴承定子14、轴向轴承定子22和电机水套9均通过间隙配合装配在外壳7内,以保证三者之间的同轴度。Specifically, the housing 7 is fixed on the support 24 by a spring steel pressure band 12 through a threaded connection, and the support 24 is connected to the base 1 through bolts. The housing 7 is provided with a lifting hole 11, and the lifting ring is threadedly connected to the lifting hole 11 to facilitate the movement of the housing 7. The radial bearing stator 14, the axial bearing stator 22 and the motor water jacket 9 are all assembled in the housing 7 through clearance fit to ensure coaxiality between the three.

如图1所示,两个径向轴承定子14分别位于外壳7的左右两端,壳体端盖5通过螺纹连接固定在外壳7上以固定径向轴承定子14,这样,既能保证两个径向轴承定子14之间的同轴度,又易于多次拆卸和安装。壳体端盖5和径向轴承定子14之间布置有橡胶垫片,以使径向轴承定子14所受的压力均匀分布。如图3所示,径向轴承定子14采用八极柱结构,且径向轴承定子14由硅钢片叠压制成。As shown in Figure 1, two radial bearing stators 14 are located at the left and right ends of the housing 7 respectively. The housing end cover 5 is fixed on the housing 7 through threaded connection to fix the radial bearing stator 14. In this way, both the two radial bearing stators 14 can be ensured. The coaxiality between the radial bearing stators 14 makes it easy to disassemble and install multiple times. A rubber gasket is arranged between the housing end cover 5 and the radial bearing stator 14 to evenly distribute the pressure on the radial bearing stator 14 . As shown in Figure 3, the radial bearing stator 14 adopts an octupole structure, and the radial bearing stator 14 is made of laminated silicon steel sheets.

如图4所示,轴向轴承定子22由两个子轴承定子组成,两个子轴承定子通过定子垫片23间隔开,定子垫片23保证了两个子轴承定子的工作面之间的间距和平行度。在轴向轴承定子22的轴向(即图中示出的左右方向)上,两个子轴承定子和定子垫片23通过螺纹紧固件连接在外壳7内;在轴向轴承定子22的径向(即图中示出的上下方向)上,两个子轴承定子和定子垫片23分别与外壳7间隙配合,如此,既能保证两个子轴承定子之间的同轴度,又易于多次拆卸和安装。As shown in Figure 4, the axial bearing stator 22 is composed of two sub-bearing stators. The two sub-bearing stators are separated by stator gaskets 23. The stator gaskets 23 ensure the spacing and parallelism between the working surfaces of the two sub-bearing stators. . In the axial direction of the axial bearing stator 22 (that is, the left and right direction shown in the figure), the two sub-bearing stators and the stator gasket 23 are connected in the housing 7 through threaded fasteners; in the radial direction of the axial bearing stator 22 (i.e., the up and down direction shown in the figure), the two sub-bearing stators and the stator gaskets 23 are clearance-fitted with the housing 7 respectively. In this way, the coaxiality between the two sub-bearing stators can be ensured, and it is easy to disassemble and install for multiple times. Install.

电机定子10通过过盈配合连接在电机水套9上,电机压盖6与外壳7螺纹连接以固定电机水套9。外壳7的底部设有入水口26且顶部设有出水口8,入水口26和出水口8分别与外壳7和电机水套9之间的间隙连通,同时,入水口26通过橡胶管与水泵的排水口连接,出水口8通过橡胶管与水槽连接,水泵的进水口与水槽连接,这样,在电机运转时可以向电机水套9与外壳7之间通入循环冷却水,以冷却电机定子10和外壳7。The motor stator 10 is connected to the motor water jacket 9 through an interference fit, and the motor gland 6 is threadedly connected to the housing 7 to fix the motor water jacket 9 . The bottom of the housing 7 is provided with a water inlet 26 and the top is provided with a water outlet 8. The water inlet 26 and the water outlet 8 are respectively connected with the gap between the housing 7 and the motor water jacket 9. At the same time, the water inlet 26 is connected to the water pump through a rubber tube. The water outlet is connected, the water outlet 8 is connected to the water tank through a rubber tube, and the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank. In this way, when the motor is running, circulating cooling water can be passed between the motor water jacket 9 and the housing 7 to cool the motor stator 10 and shell 7.

电机水套9的左端和右端均套设有第一级密封圈30和第二级密封圈31,电机水套9左端的第二级密封圈31相对于第一级密封圈30邻近电机水套9的左端面,电机水套9右端的第二级密封圈31相对于第一级密封圈30邻近电机水套9的右端面,如此,第一级密封圈30和第二级密封圈31起到密封循环冷却水的作用。进一步地,外壳7上布置有泄漏口25,泄漏口25位于相邻的第一级密封圈30和第二级密封圈31之间,从而能够及时将泄漏至这两级密封圈之间的水排出。The left and right ends of the motor water jacket 9 are both equipped with a first-stage sealing ring 30 and a second-stage sealing ring 31. The second-stage sealing ring 31 at the left end of the motor water jacket 9 is adjacent to the first-stage sealing ring 30 of the motor water jacket. 9, the second-stage sealing ring 31 on the right end of the motor water jacket 9 is adjacent to the right end surface of the motor water jacket 9 relative to the first-stage sealing ring 30. In this way, the first-stage sealing ring 30 and the second-stage sealing ring 31 To seal the role of circulating cooling water. Further, a leakage port 25 is arranged on the housing 7, and the leakage port 25 is located between the adjacent first-level sealing ring 30 and the second-level sealing ring 31, so that the water leaking between the two-level sealing rings can be promptly removed. discharge.

较好地,电机水套9与外壳7之间设有用作牺牲阳极的锌棒28,以防止电机水套9和外壳7发生腐蚀。锌棒28通过堵丝29安装在外壳7上,堵丝29与外壳7螺纹连接,从而可以实现快速拆装和更换锌棒28。Preferably, a zinc rod 28 used as a sacrificial anode is provided between the motor water jacket 9 and the casing 7 to prevent corrosion of the motor water jacket 9 and the casing 7 . The zinc rod 28 is installed on the shell 7 through the plug 29, and the plug 29 is threadedly connected to the shell 7, so that the zinc rod 28 can be quickly disassembled and replaced.

磁悬浮轴系包括主轴32、径向轴承转子15、推力盘13、电机转子27和保护轴套21。径向轴承转子15、推力盘13和电机转子27均通过过盈配合连接在主轴32上,径向轴承转子15由硅钢片叠压而成。保护轴套21通过间隙配合连接在主轴32上,与保护轴套21配对使用的圆螺母17通过螺纹连接固定在主轴32上,以锁紧保护轴套21,且保护轴套21容易拆卸与更换。The magnetic levitation shaft system includes a main shaft 32, a radial bearing rotor 15, a thrust plate 13, a motor rotor 27 and a protective sleeve 21. The radial bearing rotor 15, the thrust plate 13 and the motor rotor 27 are all connected to the main shaft 32 through interference fit. The radial bearing rotor 15 is made of laminated silicon steel sheets. The protective sleeve 21 is connected to the main shaft 32 through a clearance fit. The round nut 17 used in conjunction with the protective sleeve 21 is fixed on the main shaft 32 through a threaded connection to lock the protective sleeve 21, and the protective sleeve 21 is easy to disassemble and replace. .

在主轴32的左端和右端各有一个测量点,在每一个测量点上布置有四个径向位移传感器4,即,在主轴32的两端布置八个径向位移传感器4,以测量磁悬浮轴系的径向位移,即磁悬浮轴系沿其径向的位移,也就是磁悬浮轴系沿上下方向的位移。其中,每个径向位移传感器4通过螺纹连接在壳体端盖5上且位于外壳7外侧,每个测量点处的四个径向位移传感器4采用差动安装的方式安装在壳体端盖5上。具体地,每个测量点的每个方向上的对侧安装有两个径向位移传感器4,例如,每个测量点的上、下、前、后四个方向上分别设有一个径向位移传感器4,从而可以消除动态信号中的机械耦合成分。There is a measuring point at each of the left and right ends of the main shaft 32, and four radial displacement sensors 4 are arranged at each measuring point, that is, eight radial displacement sensors 4 are arranged at both ends of the main shaft 32 to measure the magnetic levitation axis. The radial displacement of the system is the displacement of the magnetic levitation shaft system along its radial direction, that is, the displacement of the magnetic levitation shaft system in the up and down direction. Among them, each radial displacement sensor 4 is connected to the housing end cover 5 through threads and is located outside the housing 7. The four radial displacement sensors 4 at each measurement point are installed on the housing end cover in a differential installation manner. 5 on. Specifically, two radial displacement sensors 4 are installed on the opposite sides of each measuring point in each direction. For example, each measuring point is provided with one radial displacement sensor in the four directions of up, down, front and back. Sensor 4, thereby eliminating the mechanical coupling component in the dynamic signal.

轴向位移传感器18用于测量主轴32的轴向位移(即,主轴32沿其轴向上的位移,也就是主轴32沿左右方向上的位移),轴向位移传感器18通过螺纹连接固定在传感器支座19上,传感器支座19通过螺栓连接在底座1上。可选地,径向位移传感器4和轴向位移传感器18均为电涡流传感器。The axial displacement sensor 18 is used to measure the axial displacement of the main shaft 32 (that is, the displacement of the main shaft 32 along its axial direction, that is, the displacement of the main shaft 32 in the left and right directions). The axial displacement sensor 18 is fixed on the sensor through a threaded connection. On the support 19, the sensor support 19 is connected to the base 1 through bolts. Optionally, both the radial displacement sensor 4 and the axial displacement sensor 18 are eddy current sensors.

两个接触力测量平台3分别布置于外壳7的左右两侧,每个接触力测量平台3包括机架20,机架20通过螺栓连接在底座1上。每个接触力测量平台3上安装有保护轴承16和四个压电传感器2,保护轴承16由一对面对面安装的角接触球轴承组成,压电传感器2为压电石英力传感器,接触力测量平台3通过压电传感器2测量磁悬浮轴系跌落过程中与保护轴承16之间接触力的幅值与振动频率。Two contact force measurement platforms 3 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the housing 7. Each contact force measurement platform 3 includes a frame 20, and the frame 20 is connected to the base 1 through bolts. Each contact force measurement platform 3 is equipped with a protective bearing 16 and four piezoelectric sensors 2. The protective bearing 16 consists of a pair of angular contact ball bearings installed face to face. The piezoelectric sensors 2 are piezoelectric quartz force sensors. Contact force measurement The platform 3 uses the piezoelectric sensor 2 to measure the amplitude and vibration frequency of the contact force between the magnetic suspension shaft system and the protective bearing 16 during the fall process.

具体地,每个接触力测量平台3上的四个压电传感器2分别沿水平方向(即前后方向)和竖直方向(即图中示出的上下方向)布置,这样,磁悬浮轴系与保护轴承16之间的接触力分别沿水平方向和竖直方向传递到沿上述四个方向布置的压电传感器2上,磁悬浮轴系与保护轴承16之间的接触力为上述四个方向上接触力的矢量和。Specifically, the four piezoelectric sensors 2 on each contact force measurement platform 3 are respectively arranged in the horizontal direction (i.e., the front and rear direction) and the vertical direction (i.e., the up and down direction shown in the figure). In this way, the magnetic levitation shaft system and protection The contact force between the bearings 16 is transmitted to the piezoelectric sensors 2 arranged along the above four directions respectively in the horizontal and vertical directions. The contact force between the magnetic suspension shaft system and the protective bearing 16 is the contact force in the above four directions. The vector sum of .

下面参照附图描述根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台100的工作原理。The following describes the working principle of the test bench 100 for testing the anti-drop performance of magnetic suspension bearings according to the embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

工作时,首先接通水泵,循环冷却水从入水口26进入电机水套9,循环冷却水从出水口8离开电机水套9,从第一级密封圈30泄漏的循环冷却水可以从泄漏口25排出;接着,接通径向位移传感器4和轴向位移传感器18的电源,电涡流传感器将磁悬浮轴系在五个自由度上的位置信号输出至控制器;其次,打开控制器的电源,控制器开始计算程序并输出电流指令信号;然后,打开功率放大器,将控制器的电流指令信号变成线圈中的电流,使主轴32实现在主轴32的径向和轴向上的悬浮,从而实现磁悬浮轴承的闭环反馈控制;紧接着打开异步电机,异步电机的电机定子10与变频器连接,通过改变变频器的频率,可以实现异步电机在0-18000rpm之间的无级变速。When working, first turn on the water pump, the circulating cooling water enters the motor water jacket 9 from the water inlet 26, the circulating cooling water leaves the motor water jacket 9 from the water outlet 8, the circulating cooling water leaking from the first-stage sealing ring 30 can escape from the leakage port 25 is discharged; then, turn on the power of the radial displacement sensor 4 and the axial displacement sensor 18, and the eddy current sensor outputs the position signal of the magnetic suspension shaft system on the five degrees of freedom to the controller; secondly, turn on the power of the controller, The controller starts to calculate the program and outputs the current command signal; then, the power amplifier is turned on to change the current command signal of the controller into the current in the coil, so that the spindle 32 can float in the radial and axial directions of the spindle 32, thereby achieving Closed-loop feedback control of magnetic bearings; then turn on the asynchronous motor, and the motor stator 10 of the asynchronous motor is connected to the frequency converter. By changing the frequency of the frequency converter, the stepless speed change of the asynchronous motor between 0-18000rpm can be achieved.

其中,在给定的转速下同时关闭变频器和功率放大器,可以进行该转速下磁悬浮轴系的自由跌落实验。在磁悬浮轴系的跌落实验中,通过控制器采集电涡流传感器的测量数据,并将采集到的测量数据传送给上位机;每个压电传感器2与信号调理器通讯,信号调理器将压电传感器2传递过来的接触力信号放大,然后将放大后的接触力信号接入高速采集卡,高速采集卡再将放大后的接触力信号传递给上位机。由此,由上位机完成电涡流传感器和压电传感器2实时信号的显示与存储,为后处理使用。Among them, by turning off the frequency converter and the power amplifier at a given speed at the same time, the free fall experiment of the magnetic levitation shaft system at this speed can be carried out. In the drop experiment of the magnetic levitation shaft system, the measurement data of the eddy current sensor is collected through the controller, and the collected measurement data is transmitted to the host computer; each piezoelectric sensor 2 communicates with the signal conditioner, and the signal conditioner transmits the piezoelectric The contact force signal transmitted by sensor 2 is amplified, and then the amplified contact force signal is connected to the high-speed acquisition card, and the high-speed acquisition card then transmits the amplified contact force signal to the host computer. As a result, the host computer completes the display and storage of real-time signals from the eddy current sensor and piezoelectric sensor 2 for post-processing use.

综上所述,根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台100,可以完成0-18000rpm初始转速(即不同初始转速)下磁悬浮轴系的跌落实验,并记录磁悬浮轴系跌落过程中的轴系轨迹以及磁悬浮轴系与保护轴承16之间接触力的幅值和振动频率;同时,通过多次跌落实验可以进行保护轴套21与保护轴承16的寿命实验,分析保护轴承16的抗跌落性能;并且,通过使用不同材料或表面处理的保护轴套21,可以实现不同材料或者表面处理后的轴套跌落实验和寿命实验,分析保护轴承的抗跌落性能。To sum up, according to the test bench 100 for the anti-drop performance of magnetic levitation bearings according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to complete the drop experiment of the magnetic levitation shafting system at the initial rotation speed of 0-18000 rpm (that is, different initial rotation speeds), and record the drop process of the magnetic levitation shafting system. The trajectory of the shafting in the system as well as the amplitude and vibration frequency of the contact force between the magnetic suspension shafting and the protective bearing 16; at the same time, through multiple drop experiments, the life experiments of the protective shaft sleeve 21 and the protective bearing 16 can be carried out to analyze the performance of the protective bearing 16 Anti-drop performance; and by using protective sleeves 21 of different materials or surface treatments, drop experiments and life experiments of sleeves made of different materials or surface treatments can be performed to analyze the anti-drop performance of the protected bearings.

此外,该测试实验台100利用两个接触力测量平台3同时对两个保护轴承16进行跌落实验,两个接触力测量平台3与磁悬浮轴承主体采用分体结构,降低了磁悬浮轴承主体部件对接触力测量平台3的干扰,并且利用压电传感器2可以测量磁悬浮轴系与保护轴承16之间的接触力的变化规律。In addition, the test bench 100 uses two contact force measurement platforms 3 to perform drop experiments on two protective bearings 16 at the same time. The two contact force measurement platforms 3 and the main body of the magnetic suspension bearing adopt a split structure, which reduces the contact between the main components of the magnetic suspension bearing. The force measurement platform 3 interferes with the force measurement platform 3, and the piezoelectric sensor 2 can be used to measure the change pattern of the contact force between the magnetic suspension shaft system and the protective bearing 16.

简言之,根据本发明实施例的磁悬浮轴承抗跌落性能的测试实验台100,能够在模拟实际工况下,评价保护轴承16的可靠性和抗跌落性能;利用四个压电传感器2可以测量保护轴承16受到的各个方向上的接触力的幅值和振动频率,磁悬浮轴系与保护轴承16之间的接触力为上述四个方向上的压电传感器2所测量的接触力的矢量和;并且,通过将外壳7与两个接触力测量平台3分别单独固定在底座1上,降低了外壳7的支撑对测量磁悬浮轴系与保护轴承16之间接触力的干扰,提高了跌落过程中接触力和振动频率的测量精度。In short, according to the magnetic suspension bearing anti-drop performance test bench 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the reliability and anti-drop performance of the protective bearing 16 can be evaluated under simulated actual working conditions; four piezoelectric sensors 2 can be used to measure The amplitude and vibration frequency of the contact force in each direction experienced by the protective bearing 16. The contact force between the magnetic suspension shaft system and the protective bearing 16 is the vector sum of the contact forces measured by the piezoelectric sensors 2 in the above four directions; Moreover, by fixing the housing 7 and the two contact force measurement platforms 3 separately on the base 1, the interference of the support of the housing 7 on measuring the contact force between the magnetic suspension shaft system and the protective bearing 16 is reduced, and the contact force during the fall is improved. Measurement accuracy of force and vibration frequency.

在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“上下”、“左右”、“前后”、“内”、“外”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "up and down", "left and right", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "front and rear", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", and "circumferential" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this document. The invention and simplified description are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore are not to be construed as limitations of the invention. In addition, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connection, or integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”、“优选实施例”、“示例”或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," "preferred embodiments," "examples," or "some examples" or the like is intended to be in conjunction with the description of the embodiment. or examples describe specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics that are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a test experiment table of magnetic suspension bearing anti-drop performance which characterized in that includes:
a housing;
the radial bearing stator, the axial bearing stator and the motor stator are all arranged in the shell, and the two protection bearings are all arranged outside the shell and are respectively positioned at the left end and the right end of the shell;
the magnetic suspension shafting is arranged in the shell, the left end and the right end of the magnetic suspension shafting extend out of the shell respectively, and the magnetic suspension shafting passes through the radial bearing stator, the axial bearing stator, the motor stator and the protection bearing respectively;
the two contact force measuring platforms are arranged outside the shell and are respectively positioned at the left end and the right end of the shell, the protection bearing is arranged on the contact force measuring platforms, and each contact force measuring platform comprises four piezoelectric sensors for measuring the contact force between the protection bearing and the magnetic suspension shafting;
the axial bearing stator is in clearance fit with the housing and includes:
two sub-bearing stators;
a stator shim, by which two of the sub-bearing stators are spaced apart;
in the axial direction of the axial bearing stator, the two sub-bearing stators and the stator gasket are connected in the shell through threaded fasteners; the two sub-bearing stators and the stator gasket are respectively in clearance fit with the housing in a radial direction of the axial bearing stator.
2. The test bench for the anti-falling performance of the magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, wherein the shell is fixed on a support by a spring steel press belt, and the contact force measurement platform further comprises a frame, and the frame and the support are both installed on a base.
3. The test bench of claim 1, wherein the radial bearing stators are two and are respectively positioned at left and right ends of the housing, each radial bearing stator is in clearance fit with the housing and is fixed in the housing by a housing end cover, and the housing end cover is in threaded connection with the housing.
4. The test bench for anti-drop performance of a magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic suspension shafting comprises:
the left end and the right end of the main shaft extend out of the shell;
radial bearing rotor, thrust disk, motor rotor and protection axle sleeve, radial bearing rotor thrust disk motor rotor with the protection axle sleeve respectively with radial bearing stator axial bearing stator motor stator with protection bearing position corresponds, just radial bearing rotor thrust disk motor rotor all with main shaft interference fit, the protection axle sleeve with main shaft clearance fit, the protection axle sleeve passes through round nut to be fixed on the main shaft.
5. The test bench of any of claims 1-4, further comprising a motor water jacket for cooling the motor stator and the housing, the motor water jacket being in interference fit with the motor stator and in clearance fit with the housing, the housing being provided with a water inlet and a water outlet in communication with the gap between the housing and the motor water jacket, respectively.
6. The test bench for the anti-drop performance of a magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 5, wherein the water inlet is positioned at the bottom of the housing and the water outlet is positioned at the top of the housing.
7. The test bench for anti-drop performance of a magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 5, wherein a first-stage sealing ring and a second-stage sealing ring are sleeved at the left end and the right end of the motor water jacket, the second-stage sealing ring at the left end of the motor water jacket is adjacent to the left end face of the motor water jacket relative to the first-stage sealing ring, and the second-stage sealing ring at the right end of the motor water jacket is adjacent to the right end face of the motor water jacket relative to the first-stage sealing ring.
8. The test bench of claim 7, wherein a leak is further provided on the housing, the leak being located between the adjacent first and second seal rings.
9. The test bench for the anti-falling performance of the magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 5, wherein a zinc rod for preventing the motor water jacket and the shell from being corroded is arranged between the motor water jacket and the shell, and the zinc rod is installed on the shell through a blocking wire.
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CN109655265B (en) * 2018-12-29 2020-08-07 国创(洛阳)轴承产业技术研究院有限公司 Magnetic suspension shafting protective bearing performance testing machine
CN109826868A (en) * 2019-02-20 2019-05-31 中国航天科工飞航技术研究院(中国航天海鹰机电技术研究院) A hybrid magnetic bearing system
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