CN106958046A - A kind of short fibres of polyamide 5X and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of short fibres of polyamide 5X and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106958046A CN106958046A CN201710105871.3A CN201710105871A CN106958046A CN 106958046 A CN106958046 A CN 106958046A CN 201710105871 A CN201710105871 A CN 201710105871A CN 106958046 A CN106958046 A CN 106958046A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
- D01D10/02—Heat treatment
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
Application the invention discloses a kind of short fibres of polyamide 5X and preparation method thereof and in sewing thread is prepared.Polyamide 5X is short, and fine raw materials for production at least include：1,5 pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids；Or, being that monomer polymerize obtained polyamide 5X with 1,5- pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids；The short fine fracture strengths of polyamide 5X are 6.0-10.0cN/dtex.Preparation method comprises the following steps：(1), by 1,5 pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids polymerization form polyamide 5X melts；Or, polyamide 5X resins are heated into molten condition, polyamide 5X melts are formed；(2) the polyamide 5X melts, are subjected to spinning, spun filament is formed；(3) the short fibres of polyamide 5X are obtained after, handling the spun filament.Polyamide 5X is short fine with high intensity, low elongation and low thermal shrinkage performance, is particularly suitable for sewing thread requirement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of polymer materials, it is related to a kind of short fibres of polyamide 5X and its preparation method and application
Background technology
Sewing thread is to be knitted the line needed for clothes product, and sewing thread can be divided into natural fiber sewing thread, synthesis by raw material
Fiber sewing thread and mixing sewing thread three major types.Recently as the development of high speed sewing, to ensure in high speed is sewed constantly
The requirement of line, the requirement to line strength of sewing also is improved therewith, and traditional cotton thread, the sewing thread of silk thread natural fiber are increasingly difficult to
To meet the requirement of Modern High-Speed sewing.
CN1028771182A discloses a kind of lilion sewing thread, although the sewing thread is rich in bulkiness, hand
Sense is soft, still, on the one hand, the sewing thread is pure polyamide filaments fiber, and its moisture absorbing and sweat releasing, feel, comfort can not show a candle to
The natural yarns such as cotton wool, on the other hand, the lilion sewing thread low strength, elongation is higher.
CN101988226A discloses the sewing thread that a kind of synthetic fibers are prepared from the short fine blending of natural fiber, although
Can comprehensively utilize the advantage of the two, but its synthetic fibers it is short it is fine be mainly terylene, polypropylene fibre, its poor compatibility with cotton wool, two
It is easily peeled off after person's blending, influences the mechanical property of blend fibre and the apparent and feel of its fabric.
Obtained after above-mentioned sewing thread, either synthetic fibers sewing thread, or natural fiber and synthetic fibers blending
Sewing thread, all in the presence of certain defect, in order to solve above-mentioned problem, using a kind of new material, is prepared with higher-strength, low
The sewing thread of elongation and low thermal shrinkage performance, as prior art urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the not good defect of sewing thread mechanical property in the prior art, it is short that the present invention provides a kind of polyamide 5X
Fine, its preparation method and its obtained sewing thread.
First purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of short fibres of polyamide 5X, and polyamide 5X is short fine while having high-strength
Degree, low elongation and low thermal shrinkage performance.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of short fine preparation methods of polyamide 5X.
Third object of the present invention is to provide the short fine applications in sewing thread is prepared of polyamide 5X as described above.
Fourth object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sewing thread, and the sewing thread includes polyamide 5X as described above
Short fibre.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the invention is：
[the short fibres of polyamide 5X]
A kind of short fibres of polyamide 5X, the short fine raw materials for production of polyamide 5X at least include：1,5 pentanediamines and binary carboxylic
Acid, or, being that monomer polymerize obtained polyamide 5X with 1,5- pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids；
The short fine fracture strengths of polyamide 5X are 6.0-10.0cN/dtex.
It is preferred that, the short fine fracture strengths of polyamide 5X are 7.5-8.5cN/dtex.
It is preferred that, the short fine elongation at breaks of polyamide 5X are 10%-20%.
It is preferred that, the short fine dry-hot shrinkages of polyamide 5X are 1.0%-7.0%, more preferably 3.0%-6.0%.
The 1,5- pentanediamines can be prepared from by organism-based raw material by fermentation method or enzyme transforming process.
The carbon atom number of the dicarboxylic acids is 4-18；Preferably, the dicarboxylic acids include succinic acid, glutaric acid,
Adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, decanedioic acid, DC11, SL-AH, tridecanyldicarboxylic acid, ten
Four-carbon dicarboxylic acid, 15 carbon dicarboxylic acids, 16-dicarboxylic acid, DC17, DC18, maleic acid and Δ 9-1,
One or more in 18 octadecylene binary acid.
Preferably, the polyamide 5X is polyamide 56；The polyamide 56 is using 1,5- pentanediamines and adipic acid as original
Material polymerization is obtained.
The short fine raw materials for production of polyamide 5X can also include comonomer.
The comonomer can include：Aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, ester ring type dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acid, ethylenediamine, oneself
Diamines, cyclohexanediamine, benzene dimethylamine, 6-aminocaprolc acid, 11- amino undecanoic acids, 12 amino dodecanoic acid, to amino methyl
Any one or a few in benzoic acid, epsilon-caprolactams and omega-lauric lactam.
The short fine raw materials for production of polyamide 5X can also include additive.
The additive can include：Delustering agent, fire retardant, antioxidant, ultra-violet absorber, infrared absorbent,
Any one or a few in crystallization nucleating agent, fluorescent whitening agent and antistatic additive.
The addition of the additive can account for the 0.001-10% of raw materials for production gross weight.
It is preferred that, the short 96% fine relative sulfuric acid viscosities of polyamide 5X are 2.7-3.7.
6.0-10.0 is preferred, and the short fine crystallinity of polyamide 5X is 60-80%.
It is preferred that, the short fine degrees of orientation of polyamide 5X are 80-90%.
It is preferred that, the short fine length of polyamide 5X is 5-150mm.
[the short fine preparation methods of polyamide 5X]
The short fine preparation methods of polyamide 5X comprise the following steps：
(1), by 1,5 pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids polymerization form polyamide 5X melts；Or, by polyamide 5X (polyamide 5X
Resin) molten condition is heated to, form polyamide 5X melts；
(2) the polyamide 5X melts, are subjected to spinning, spun filament is formed；
(3) the short fibres of polyamide 5X are obtained after, handling the spun filament.
When the short fine raw materials for production of the polyamide 5X also include comonomer, the comonomer is in step (1)
Add.
When the short fine raw materials for production of the polyamide 5X also include additive, the additive is added in step (1).
Wherein, in step (1), the polymerization comprises the following steps：
(a) it is under condition of nitrogen gas, 1,5- pentanediamines, dicarboxylic acids and water is well mixed, the salting liquid of polyamide is made；Its
In, the mol ratio of 1, the 5- pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids is (1-1.05)：1；
(b) salting liquid of polyamide is heated, pressure rises to 0.3-2.0Mpa in reaction system, be vented, pressurize, then be depressured
Pressure in reaction system is set to be down to 0-0.2MPa, the pressure is gauge pressure, is evacuated to vacuum -0.01~-0.08Mpa, institute
Pressure is stated for gauge pressure, to obtain polyamide 5X melts.
When the short fine raw materials for production of the polyamide 5X also include comonomer, the comonomer is in step (a)
Add.
When the short fine raw materials for production of the polyamide 5X also include additive, the additive is added in step (a).
Preferably, the temperature of reaction system is 232-265 DEG C at the end of the pressurize.
Preferably, described be depressured terminates the temperature of rear reaction system for 245-280 DEG C.
Preferably, it is described vacuumize after temperature be 260-280 DEG C.
In step (1), polyamide 5X resins are polyamide 5X resin slicers.
The relative viscosity of the resin slicer of polyamide 56 can be 3.1-3.6.
Because polyamide 5X resins have stronger water imbibition, therefore, before heating melting is carried out to it, optionally
It is dried.
Preferred 100-150 DEG C of the temperature of the drying；And/or, the drying time preferred 10-30h；And/or, it is described dry
The dry rear polyamide 5X preferred 50-1500ppm of moisture content, is further preferably 200-800ppm, more preferably 300-700ppm,
More preferably 400-600ppm.
Or, when the short fine raw materials for production of the polyamide 5X also include additive, polyamide 5X is heated to melting
State, forms polyamide 5X melts, then mix with the additive.
In step (2), the spinning comprises the following steps：The polyamide 5X melts are sprayed by the spinneret orifice of spinneret
After going out, cooling forms the spun filament.
Wherein, the hole count of the spinneret can be 800-3500f, preferably 1000-3000f.
The spinneret orifice diameter can be 0.1-1.0mm.
The spinneret draft ratio of the spinneret can be 80-200, preferably 100-150.
It is described to be cooled to be cooled down by ring blowing.Preferred 15-32 DEG C of the wind-warm syndrome of the ring blowing；The ring blowing
The preferred 0.2-0.8m/s of wind speed.
In step (3), the processing comprises the following steps：Spun filament obtained by step (2) is stretched, nervous heat is determined
Cut off after type, curling, relaxation heat setting, obtain the short fibres of polyamide 5X.
The process of the stretching is to be stretched the spun filament after oiling by feeding roller traction creel.
It is described to be stretched as three-level stretching or level Four stretching or Pyatyi stretching or six grades of stretchings.
In the drawing process, total preferred 2.5-6.5 times of draw ratio；Wherein, one-level draw ratio accounts for total draw ratio
Ratio be 80-90%, remaining draw ratio summation at different levels account for total draw ratio ratio be 10-20%.
In the preferred embodiments of the present invention, three-level stretching is carried out, wherein, one-level draw ratio accounts for the ratio of total draw ratio
For 80-90%, the multiple summation of secondary drawing and three-level stretching accounts for the ratio of total draw ratio for 10%-20%.
The temperature during stretching is 80-150 DEG C.
The process of curling enters crimping machine for the obtained primary silk after stretching by steam heating box preheating.The curling
When temperature (coiling machine temperature) be 50-150 DEG C.
Temperature during the nervous thermal finalization is 150-230 DEG C.
The temperature during relaxation heat setting is 60-150 DEG C.
Above-mentioned polyamide 5X resins can be obtained by the preparation method announced in Publication No. CN104031263A.
[the short fine applications of polyamide 5X]
The short fibres of polyamide 5X can be used in preparing sewing thread.
[sewing thread]
A kind of sewing thread, the sewing thread includes the short fibres of polyamide 5X as described above.
The sewing thread may also include in addition to the short fibre including the polyamide 5X：Cellulosics (such as cotton thread), modification
Cellulosics, artificial silk, animal origin (wool), fire retardant polyester fiber, FR nylon fibers, FR artificial silks, FR processing
Cellulose, aromatic polyamides fiber, para-aramid fiber, modacrylic fibre, phenolic fibre, melamine are fine
Dimension, polyvinyl chloride fibre, antistatic fibre, PBO (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phthalic acid, two hydrochloric acid 4,6- diaminostilbenes, the polymerization of 3 benzenediols
Thing) fiber, one or more of PBI (polybenzimidazoles) fiber.
Due to using such scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Firstth, the short fine raw materials for production of polyamide 5X of the invention can be made up of bioanalysis, be green material, independent of
Petroleum resources and serious pollution is not caused to environment, and the discharge of carbon dioxide can be reduced, reduce greenhouse effects.
Secondth, the short fibres of polyamide 5X of the invention possess high intensity, low elongation and low thermal shrinkage performance, are particularly suitable for seam
Thread line requirement, and obtained sewing thread properties are excellent.
3rd, using the short fibres of polyamide 5X produced by the present invention, relative to polyamide 66, because it has more dissociate
Amido, the binding ability with cotton wool is more preferable, can improve the surface property and mechanical property of sewing thread after blending.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of polyamide 5X short fine and its production method and application.
<The short fibres of polyamide 5X>
A kind of short fibres of polyamide 5X, the short fine raw materials for production of polyamide 5X at least include：1,5 pentanediamines and binary carboxylic
Acid；Or, being that monomer polymerize obtained polyamide 5X with 1,5- pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids.
Wherein, X takes any integer in 4-18；Polyamide 5X can include：It is polyamide 54, polyamides polyamide 56, poly-
Acid amides 510, polyamide 511, polyamide 512, polyamide 513, polyamide 514, polyamide 515, polyamide 516, polyamide
517th, polyamide 518 etc..
Polyamide 5X is polyamide 56 in preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As the case may be, its raw materials for production can also contain one or more of comonomer, additive.
[1,5- pentanediamines]
1,5- pentanediamines can be prepared from by organism-based raw material by bioanalysis (fermentation method or enzyme transforming process).
Bioanalysis includes producing 1,5- penta through bioconversion method (such as fermentation method, enzyme transforming process) using organism-based raw material
Diamines；Or 1,5- pentanediamines are produced through bioconversion method using petroleum-based feedstock；Or using organism-based raw material through chemical method
Produce 1,5- pentanediamines.Thus, pentanediamine includes the organic carbon for meeting the renewable source of ASTM D6866 standards.
Specifically, can by lysine or lysine salt in the presence of lysine decarboxylase (such as EC 4.1.1.18),
After the carboxyl for sloughing two ends, you can generation 1,5- pentanediamines, such as " 1B decarboxylation enzymatic property and application study " (Jiang Lili,
Nanjing University, Master's thesis) in disclose the method that specific bioanalysis prepares pentanediamine；And for example " microorganism conversion L- relies ammonia
Also disclose that prepared by specific bioanalysis in the sour research for cadaverine " (Zhu Jing, University Of Science and Technology Of Tianjin, Master's thesis, 2009.3)
The method of pentanediamine.
[dicarboxylic acids]
The carbon atom number of dicarboxylic acids can be 4-18, and dicarboxylic acids is preferably included：Succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, heptan
Diacid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, decanedioic acid, DC11, SL-AH, tridecanyldicarboxylic acid, 14 carbon binary
Acid, 15 carbon dicarboxylic acids, 16-dicarboxylic acid, DC17, DC18, maleic acid and Δ 9-1,18 octadecylenes
One or more in binary acid.
Dicarboxylic acids is adipic acid in preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[comonomer]
Comonomer can be aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, ester ring type dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acid, ethylenediamine, hexamethylene diamine, ring
Hexamethylene diamine, benzene dimethylamine, 6-aminocaprolc acid, 11- amino undecanoic acids, 12 amino dodecanoic acid, PAMBA,
Any one or a few in epsilon-caprolactams and omega-lauric lactam.
[additive]
Additive can be delustering agent, fire retardant, antioxidant, ultra-violet absorber, infrared absorbent, crystallization nucleation
Any one or a few in agent, fluorescent whitening agent or antistatic additive.
On the premise of the goal of the invention of the present invention is not influenceed, the addition of additive can account for the short fine lifes of polyamide 5X
Produce the 0.001-10% of raw material gross weight.
[the short fine properties of polyamide 5X]
Above-mentioned polyamide 5X is short, and fine property is as follows：
(1), relative viscosity：
The short fine relative viscosities of polyamide 5X are 2.7-3.7.
(2), fracture strength：
The short fine fracture strengths of polyamide 5X are 6.0-10.0cN/dtex, preferably 7.5-8.5cN/dtex.
(3), elongation at break：
The short fine elongation at breaks of polyamide 5X are 10%-20%.
(4), dry-hot shrinkage：
The short fine dry-hot shrinkages of polyamide 5X are 1.0%-7.0%, preferably 3.0%-6.0%.
(5), crystallinity：
The short fine crystallinity of polyamide 5X is 60-80%.
(6), the degree of orientation：
The short fine degrees of orientation of polyamide 5X are 80-90%.
(7), fibre length
Polyamide 5X length is 5-150mm.<The short fine preparation methods of polyamide 5X>
A kind of short fine preparation methods of polyamide 5X, it comprises the following steps：
(1), by 1,5 pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids polymerization form polyamide 5X melts；Or, by polyamide 5X (polyamide 5X
Resin) molten condition is heated to, form polyamide 5X melts；
(2) the polyamide 5X melts, are subjected to spinning, spun filament is formed；
(3) the short fibres of polyamide 5X are obtained after, handling the spun filament.
Wherein, in step (1), polyamide 5X resins are polyamide 5X resin slicers.
The relative viscosity of polyamide 5X resin slicers can be 3.1-3.6.
Because polyamide 5X resins have stronger water imbibition, therefore, it can be dried before heating melting is carried out to it,
Drying temperature is 100-150 DEG C, and drying time is 10-30h, and the moisture content of the polyamide 5X is 50-1500ppm after drying,
Preferably 200-800ppm, more preferably 300-700ppm, more preferably 400-600ppm.
Spinning in step (2) comprises the following steps：It is cold after polyamide 5X melts are sprayed by the spinneret orifice of spinneret
But the spun filament is formed.
Wherein, the number of the spinneret orifice in the spinneret is 800-3500f, preferably 1000-3000f.
The spinneret draft ratio of the spinneret is 80-200, preferably 100-150.
The cooling is cooled down by ring blowing, and the wind-warm syndrome of the ring blowing is 15-32 DEG C；The wind speed of the ring blowing
For 0.2-0.8m/s.
Processing in step (3) comprises the following steps：Spun filament obtained by step (2) is stretched, nervous thermal finalization, rolled up
Cut off after bent, relaxation heat setting, obtain the short fibres of polyamide 5X.
The process of stretching comprises the following steps：Spun filament, which passes through feeding roller and guides creel into, to be stretched, drawing process
In, total draw ratio is 2.5-6.5 times；Wherein, the ratio that one-level draw ratio accounts for total draw ratio is 80-90%, and remaining is each
The ratio that level draw ratio summation accounts for total draw ratio is 10-20%.
Select to carry out three-level stretching altogether in the preferred embodiments of the present invention, wherein, one-level draw ratio accounts for total draw ratio
Ratio be 80-90%, secondary drawing and three-level stretching multiple respectively account for total draw ratio ratio be 10-20%.
The temperature during stretching is 80-150 DEG C.
The process of the curling enters crimping machine for the primary silk obtained after stretching, and crimping machine temperature is 50-150 DEG C.
Temperature during the nervous thermal finalization is 150-230 DEG C.
The temperature during relaxation heat setting is 60-150 DEG C.
Above-mentioned parameters can be in any combination and suitable for each embodiment.
<The short fine applications of polyamide 5X>
The short fibres of polyamide 5X can be used for preparing sewing thread.
The detection method for the performance parameter being related in the present invention is as follows：
1) relative viscosity:
Pass through Ubbelohde viscometer sulphate method：Precise dried polyamide 5X sections or its short fine sample 0.25 ±
0.0002g, adds the 50mL concentrated sulfuric acids (96%) dissolving, is measured in 25 DEG C of constant temperature water baths and record concentrated sulfuric acid flow time t0
With polyamide sample solution flow time t.
Viscosity number computing formula：Relative viscosity=t/t0
T-solution flow time；
T0-solvent flow time.
2) fracture strength
Determined according to GB/T 14337.
3) elongation at break
Determined according to GB/T 14337.
4) dry-hot shrinkage
Provide to perform by FZ/T 50004, heat treatment temperature is 180 DEG C
5) crystallinity and the degree of orientation
Fiber sample is analyzed using the Japanese Rigaku Corporation D/max-2550PC X-ray diffractometers produced,
Cu target wavelengthVoltage is 20~40kV, and electric current is 10~450mA, measurement angle 2 θ scope for 5~
40°.The short fine sample of polyamide 56 for testing crystallization is fully shredded, and sample quality is more than 0.2g.For testing crystallite
The short fine sample tidy of polyamide 56 of orientation, a branch of long 30mm is tested.Carried out using softwares such as origin at data
Reason, analysis calculates the crystallinity and the degree of orientation of fiber.
Calculate the formula of crystallinity：
∑IcFor total diffraction integral intensity of crystalline portion；∑IaFor the scattering integral intensity of amorphous fraction
Calculate the formula of the degree of orientation：
HiFor the peak width at half height at the i-th peak.
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment one：
A kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56 is present embodiments provided, it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 3.1 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 1500f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 130, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.5m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 4.5 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 80% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 10% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 108 DEG C, while nervous thermal finalization is carried out,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 180 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 100 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cut-out.
As shown in table 1, the short fine properties of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2 for each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment.
Embodiment two：
A kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56 is present embodiments provided, it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 3.2 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 2500f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 90, polyamide 56
Melt sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.6m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 3.8 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 90% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 5% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 108 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
It is 220 DEG C to open heat setting temperature, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Spend for 118 DEG C, the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, relaxation heat setting temperature is 150 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
As shown in table 1, the short fine properties of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2 for each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment.
Embodiment three：
A kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56 is present embodiments provided, it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 3.3 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 2800f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 120, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.7m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 4.0 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 85% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 90 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
It is 195 DEG C to open heat setting temperature, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Spend for 118 DEG C, the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, relaxation heat setting temperature is 100 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
As shown in table 1, the short fine properties of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2 for each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment.
Example IV：
A kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56 is present embodiments provided, it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 3.2 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 1600f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 110, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.8m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 4.2 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 82% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 8% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 10% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 130 DEG C, while nervous thermal finalization is carried out,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 210 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 100 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cut-out.
As shown in table 1, the short fine properties of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2 for each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment.
Embodiment five：
A kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56 is present embodiments provided, it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 3.1 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 800f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 150, polyamide 56
Melt sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.7m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 4.5 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 86% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 4% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 100 DEG C, while nervous thermal finalization is carried out,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 215 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cut-out.
As shown in table 1, the short fine properties of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2 for each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment.
Embodiment six：
A kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56 is present embodiments provided, it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 3.3 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 3500f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 130, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.65m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 4.2 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 90% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 5% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 100 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
It is 185 DEG C to open heat setting temperature, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Spend for 118 DEG C, the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, relaxation heat setting temperature is 60 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
As shown in table 1, the short fine properties of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2 for each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment.
Embodiment seven：
A kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56 is present embodiments provided, it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 3.4 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 3200f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 180, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.75m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 4.1 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 88% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 2% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 60 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
It is 165 DEG C to open heat setting temperature, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Spend for 118 DEG C, the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
As shown in table 1, the short fine properties of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2 for each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment.
Embodiment eight：
A kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56 is present embodiments provided, it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 2.7 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 1600f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 180, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.6m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 4.4 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 90% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 4% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 4% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
It is 180 DEG C to open heat setting temperature, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Spend for 118 DEG C, the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
As shown in table 1, the short fine properties of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2 for each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment.
Embodiment nine：
A kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56 is present embodiments provided, it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 3.6 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 2500f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 150, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.8m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 3.6 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 85% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while nervous thermal finalization is carried out,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 160 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cut-out.
As shown in table 1, the short fine properties of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2 for each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment.
Embodiment ten is to embodiment 18：
By the short fibre of polyamide made from embodiment one to nine 56, according to this area conventional method, and cotton/wool blend, wherein,
Cotton：Hair：The short fine mass ratio of polyamide is 10:10:80, sewing thread, specification T9.8tex*3 is made.
The preparation method of sewing thread is：According to this area conventional method, blowing, cotton carding, drafting, rove, spun yarn, winder,
Sewing thread is made in doubling twisting, winder.
Comparative example one：
This comparative example provides a kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56, and it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 2.8 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 1800f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 150, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.85m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 3.8 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 70% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 20% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 10% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 100 DEG C, while nervous thermal finalization is carried out,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cut-out.
Each parameter of the preparation method of this comparative example is as shown in table 1, the short fine properties of the gained polyamide 56 such as institute of table 2
Show.
Comparative example two：
This comparative example provides a kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56, and it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 2.7 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 2300f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 120, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.55m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 3.5 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 60% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 20% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 20% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while nervous thermal finalization is carried out,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 140 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cut-out.
Each parameter of the preparation method of this comparative example is as shown in table 1, the short fine properties of the gained polyamide 56 such as institute of table 2
Show.
Comparative example three：
This comparative example provides a kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56, and it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 3.3 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 2400f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 180, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.58m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 4.2 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 85% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while nervous thermal finalization is carried out,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 80 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cut-out.
Each parameter of the preparation method of this comparative example is as shown in table 1, the short fine properties of the gained polyamide 56 such as institute of table 2
Show.
Comparative example four：
This comparative example provides a kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56, and it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 3.2 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 1200f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 200, polyamide
56 melts sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.6m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 3.5 times, wherein, shared one-level draw ratio is the 78% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 12% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 10% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while nervous thermal finalization is carried out,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 90 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cut-out.
Each parameter of the preparation method of this comparative example is as shown in table 1, the short fine properties of the gained polyamide 56 such as institute of table 2
Show.
Comparative example five：
This comparative example provides a kind of short fine preparation method of polyamide 56, and it comprises the following steps：
(1), choose relative viscosity to cut into slices for 2.7 polyamide 56, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the dried section of polyamide 56 is protected feed bin to enter in single-screw machine and carried out by closed nitrogen
Heating melting, obtains the melt of polyamide 56；
(2), the melt of polyamide 56 is sprayed by hole count for 1600f spinneret, and spinneret draft ratio is 70, polyamide 56
Melt sprayed and cooled down after spinneret orifice by ring blowing, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.8m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 3 times, wherein, one-level draw ratio shared is the 85% of toatl proportion, secondary drawing multiple it is shared for always than
The 10% of example, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
It is 160 DEG C to open heat setting temperature, and the fiber of polyamide 56 after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Spend for 118 DEG C, the fiber of polyamide 56 after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
Each parameter of the preparation method of this comparative example is as shown in table 1, the short fine properties of the gained polyamide 56 such as institute of table 2
Show.
Comparative example six to ten：
By polyamide product made from comparative example one to five, sewing is made according to the method for embodiment ten to embodiment 18
Line.
The property indices of obtained sewing thread are as shown in table 3.
The parameter list of the preparation method of the embodiments of the invention of table 1 and comparative example
The parameter list of the embodiments of the invention of table 2 and the products obtained therefrom of comparative example
The parameter list of the embodiments of the invention of table 3 and the products obtained therefrom of comparative example
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is that this hair is understood that and used for ease of those skilled in the art
It is bright.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein
General Principle is applied in other embodiment without passing through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment,
Those skilled in the art are according to the announcement of the present invention, and not departing from improvement and modification that scope made all should be in this hair
Within bright protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of short fibres of polyamide 5X, it is characterised in that：The short fine raw materials for production of polyamide 5X at least include：1,5 penta 2
Amine and dicarboxylic acids；Or, being that monomer polymerize obtained polyamide 5X with 1,5- pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids；The polyamide 5X is short
Fine fracture strength is 6.0-10.0cN/dtex.
2. the short fibres of polyamide 5X according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The 1,5- pentanediamines are led to by organism-based raw material
Everfermentation method or enzyme transforming process are prepared from；And/or,
The carbon atom number of the dicarboxylic acids is 4-18；
Preferably, the dicarboxylic acids include succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, decanedioic acid,
DC11, SL-AH, tridecanyldicarboxylic acid, DC14,15 carbon dicarboxylic acids, 16 carbon binary
One or more in acid, DC17, DC18, maleic acid and Δ 9-1,18 octadecylene binary acid；
Preferably, described polyamide 5X includes polyamide 56；The polyamide 56 is using 1,5- pentanediamines and adipic acid as original
Material polymerization is obtained；And/or,
The short fine raw materials for production of polyamide 5X also include comonomer and/or additive；
Preferably, the comonomer includes：Aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, ester ring type dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acid, ethylenediamine, oneself
Diamines, cyclohexanediamine, benzene dimethylamine, 6-aminocaprolc acid, 11- amino undecanoic acids, 12 amino dodecanoic acid, to amino methyl
Any one or a few in benzoic acid, epsilon-caprolactams and omega-lauric lactam；And/or,
Preferably, the additive is to include：Delustering agent, fire retardant, antioxidant, ultra-violet absorber, infrared absorbent,
Any one or a few in crystallization nucleating agent, fluorescent whitening agent and antistatic additive；Preferably, the addition of the additive is accounted for
The 0.001-10% of raw materials for production gross weight.
3. the short fibres of polyamide 5X according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The short fine fracture strengths of polyamide 5X are preferably 7.5-8.5cN/dtex；And/or,
The short fine relative viscosities of polyamide 5X are 2.7-3.7；And/or,
The short fine elongation at breaks of polyamide 5X are 10%-20%；And/or,
The short fine dry-hot shrinkages of polyamide 5X are 1.0%-7.0%, preferably 3.0%-6.0%；And/or,
The short fine crystallinity of polyamide 5X is 60-80%；And/or,
The short fine degrees of orientation of polyamide 5X are 80-90%；And/or,
The short fine length of polyamide 56 is 5-150mm.
4. a kind of short fine preparation methods of polyamide 5X as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that：The system
Preparation Method comprises the following steps：
(1), by 1,5 pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids polymerization form polyamide 5X melts；Or, polyamide 5X is heated into molten
State, forms polyamide 5X melts；
(2) the polyamide 5X melts, are subjected to spinning, spun filament is formed；
(3) the short fibres of polyamide 5X are obtained after, handling the spun filament.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
In step (1), the polymerization comprises the following steps：
(a) it is under condition of nitrogen gas, 1,5- pentanediamines, dicarboxylic acids and water is well mixed, the salting liquid of polyamide is made；Wherein,
The mol ratio of the 1,5- pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids is (1-1.05)：1；
(b) salting liquid of polyamide is heated, pressure rises to 0.3-2.0Mpa in reaction system, is vented, pressurize, then be depressured make it is anti-
Pressure in system is answered to be down to 0-0.2MPa, the pressure is gauge pressure, is evacuated to vacuum -0.01~-0.08Mpa, the pressure
Power is gauge pressure, to obtain polyamide 5X melts；
Wherein, it is preferred that the temperature of reaction system is 232-265 DEG C at the end of the pressurize；And/or,
Preferably, described be depressured terminates the temperature of rear reaction system for 245-280 DEG C；And/or,
Preferably, it is described vacuumize after temperature be 260-280 DEG C；And/or,
In step (1), the polyamide 5X is polyamide 5X resin slicers；And/or,
Step (1) by polyamide 5X heat before, also including polyamide 5X is dried the step of；
Wherein, the temperature of the drying is 100-150 DEG C；And/or,
The time of the drying is 10-30 hours；And/or,
Preferably, after the drying, the moisture content of the polyamide 5X is 50-1500ppm, preferably 200-800ppm, more excellent
Elect 300-700ppm, more preferably 400-600ppm as；
The relative viscosity of the polyamide 5X resins is 2.7-3.6；
When the short fine raw materials for production of the polyamide 5X also include comonomer and/or additive when, the comonomer and/or
Additive is added in step (1).
6. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In step (2), the spinning comprises the following steps：
After the polyamide 5X melts are sprayed by the spinneret orifice of spinneret, cooling forms the spun filament；
Preferably, the number of the spinneret orifice in the spinneret is 800-3500f, preferably 1000-3000f；And/or,
Preferably, the aperture of the spinneret orifice is 0.1-1.0mm；And/or,
Preferably, the spinneret draft ratio of the spinneret is 80-200, preferably 100-150；And/or,
Preferably, the cooling is cooled down by ring blowing；Preferred 15-32 DEG C of the wind-warm syndrome of the ring blowing；The ring blowing
The preferred 0.2-0.8m/s of wind speed.
7. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In step (3), the processing comprises the following steps：
Spun filament obtained by step (2) is stretched, nervous thermal finalization, curling, cut-out after relaxation heat setting, obtain polyamide 5X short
It is fine；
Wherein, the process of the stretching is stretched for the spun filament after oiling is drawn to creel by feeding roller；It is described
It is stretched as three-level stretching or level Four stretching or Pyatyi stretching or six grades of stretchings；
Preferably, in drawing process, total draw ratio is 2.5-6.5 times；Wherein, one-level draw ratio accounts for the ratio of total draw ratio
Example is 80-90%, and the ratio that remaining draw ratio summation at different levels accounts for total draw ratio is 10-20%；
Preferably, it is described to be stretched as three-level stretching, wherein, the ratio that one-level draw ratio accounts for total draw ratio is 80-90%, two
The draw ratio summation that level stretching and three-level are stretched is 10-20%；And/or,
The temperature during stretching is 80-150 DEG C；And/or,
The temperature during curling is 50-150 DEG C；And/or,
Temperature during the nervous thermal finalization is 150-230 DEG C；And/or,
The temperature during relaxation heat setting is 60-150 DEG C.
8. the short fine applications in sewing thread is prepared of polyamide 5X according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
9. a kind of sewing thread, it includes the short fibres of polyamide 5X as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, or in claim 4-7
The short fibres of polyamide 5X made from preparation method described in any one.
10. sewing thread according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The sewing thread includes：Cellulosics, modification
Cellulosics, artificial silk, animal origin, fire retardant polyester fiber, FR nylon fibers, FR artificial silks, FR processing cellulose,
Aramid fibre, para-aramid fiber, modacrylic fibre, phenolic fibre, melamine fiber, polychlorostyrene second
One or more of alkene fiber, antistatic fibre, pbo fiber, PBI fibers.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109503829A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-03-22 | 华峰集团有限公司 | There is light shaped silk spinning-grade polyamide 66 resin and preparation method thereof |
| CN109930240A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | A kind of long filament and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112095160A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-18 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所 | Preparation method of functionalized polyamide 56 short fiber |
| CN112779622A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Polyamide 56 industrial yarn and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2021142677A1 (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-07-22 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Polyamide 5x fiber, preparation method therefor, and use thereof |
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| CN109957854A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-02 | 凯赛(乌苏)生物材料有限公司 | A kind of polyamide blended fiber and its preparation method and application |
| CN109930240A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | A kind of long filament and preparation method thereof |
| CN109930240B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2021-09-07 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Filament and preparation method thereof |
| CN109503829A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-03-22 | 华峰集团有限公司 | There is light shaped silk spinning-grade polyamide 66 resin and preparation method thereof |
| CN109503829B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2021-07-09 | 华峰集团有限公司 | Spinning-grade polyamide 66 resin for bright profiled yarn and preparation method thereof |
| CN111269564A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-12 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Polyamide 5X abrasive wire and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112779622A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Polyamide 56 industrial yarn and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2021088250A1 (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-14 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Polyamide 5x industrial yarn, preparation method therefor and use thereof |
| CN114981491A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2022-08-30 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Polyamide 5X fiber and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114981491B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2024-02-23 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Polyamide 5X fiber and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2021142677A1 (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-07-22 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Polyamide 5x fiber, preparation method therefor, and use thereof |
| CN111378121A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-07 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | High-viscosity polyamide 56 resin, high-strength polyamide 56 industrial yarn and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111378121B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2023-03-10 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | High-viscosity polyamide 56 resin, high-strength polyamide 56 industrial yarn and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112095160B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-03-22 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所 | Preparation method of functionalized polyamide 56 short fiber |
| CN112095160A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-18 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所 | Preparation method of functionalized polyamide 56 short fiber |
| CN114411280A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-04-29 | 优纤科技（丹东）有限公司 | Preparation method of low-shrinkage chinlon 56 short fiber |
| CN114411280B (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2023-12-15 | 优纤科技（丹东）有限公司 | Preparation method of nylon 56 short fiber with low shrinkage |
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