CN106927798B - 一种水溶性陶瓷型芯及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水溶性陶瓷型芯及其制备方法,所述水溶性陶瓷型芯主要由以下重量份原料制成:电熔刚玉粉100‑120份,水溶性无机盐20‑40份。相对于现有技术,本发明技术具有以下优势:本发明采用三种水溶性的盐配制水溶性陶瓷型芯,可以根据实际使用过程中对型芯性能的要求,调节盐的相对比例,进而调节型芯的性能。如希望型芯强度高时,可适当增加K2CO3的用量;希望型芯保存性好时,需要减少K2CO3的用量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水溶性陶瓷型芯及其制备方法,属于精密铸造技术领域。
背景技术
随着制造业水平的发展,产品可靠性要求不断提高,产品设计越来越功能集约化,以往通过多个零件组合实现的功能逐渐采用单一零件来实现,零件重量变轻,铸件的复杂程度也相应提高。在生产具有复杂外形、异形内腔等结构的零件时,铸造具有其它成形工艺所不具备的优势,甚至是唯一的选择。
近年来,铝、镁轻合金铸件得到更广泛的应用,部分零件具有复杂的内腔结构,给铸造工艺设计和铸件生产带来困难。由于铝、镁合金浇注温度低,采用树脂砂芯形成内腔时,浇注后型芯的溃散性差,清理时不易出砂。另一方面,复杂内腔通常需要由多个型芯组合才能形成,不仅工艺设计复杂,所需工装多,而且型芯组合时产生的偏差,影响铸件的精度。
采用水溶性型芯能够很好地解决上述的这些问题,且在铸件浇注时不产生有害气体,清理时方便快捷,铸件成形后可采用水力清理将型芯溶解去除,得到具有洁净光滑内表面和良好尺寸精度的铸件,不需要机械振动,没有噪音,同时节省劳力并改善铸造车间的环境卫生。
目前使用较广泛的水溶性型芯有尿素型芯、水溶性盐芯,但都有较显著的缺点:尿素型芯表面质量差、发气量大,易产生气孔缺陷;而盐芯的低强度、低耐热性和易脆性等特点使其在合金精密铸造中的应用受到极大的限制。
发明内容
发明目的:为了克服现有技术中存在的不足,本发明提供了一种水溶性陶瓷型芯及其制备方法。
技术方案:为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种水溶性陶瓷型芯,其主要由以下重量份原料制成:
电熔刚玉粉100-120份,水溶性无机盐20-40份,以重量份比例计:所述水溶性无机盐为NaCl 20-30份、Na2CO3 5-75份和K2CO3 5-75份的混合物。
优选,所述的水溶性陶瓷型芯主要由以下重量份原料制成:
电熔刚玉粉100份,水溶性无机盐20-40份,以重量份比例计:所述水溶性无机盐为NaCl 20-30份、Na2CO3 5-75份和K2CO3 5-75份的混合物。
优选,所述的水溶性陶瓷型芯主要由以下重量份原料制成:
电熔刚玉粉120份,水溶性无机盐20-40份,以重量份比例计:所述水溶性无机盐为NaCl 20-30份、Na2CO3 5-75份和K2CO3 5-75份的混合物。
优选,所述电熔刚玉粉的粒度为300目。
本发明还提供了所述的水溶性陶瓷型芯的制备方法,将所述原料压制成形后,再烧结,即得到所述水溶性陶瓷型芯。
优选,所述的水溶性陶瓷型芯的制备方法包括以下步骤:取各原料,烘干,然后按照设定的比例混合,将混好的原料压制成型,脱模,得到坯体,最后将压制好的坯体试样埋入工业氧化铝填料,按照设定的加热速度升温烧结,即得型芯。
其具体的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉末和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中,在140℃-150℃的温度2.5h-3h烘干;
(2)按预先设定的比例称取预处理后的电熔刚玉粉末、水溶性无机盐;
(3)将称量好的电熔刚玉粉末和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐,在350-380r/min r/min的转速下球磨1.5h-2h;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型,成型工艺为在7MPa-8MPa的压力下保压90s-120s,然后进行脱模,得到坯体;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料,按照90℃/小时-100℃/小时的加热速度升温,在720-750℃烧结1-1.5小时,得到型芯。
以耐火材料为主体的水溶性陶瓷型芯具有较高的机械强度、耐火度和化学稳定性,同时,具有较好的水溶性,可以有效地避免苛刻的脱芯条件对铝合金铸件造成的损害,因此在铝合金精密铸造中得到大量的应用。
以耐火材料为主体的水溶性陶瓷型芯,有望获得较高的机械强度、耐火度和化学稳定性,以及较好的水溶性。这类水溶性陶瓷型芯主要以难溶耐火材料如氧化铝、硅酸锆、二氧化硅等为基材,可溶性无机盐(氯化物、碳酸盐或硫酸盐等)为粘结剂,通过相应的成型工艺制成。
技术效果:相对于现有技术,本发明技术具有以下优势:本发明采用三种水溶性的盐配制水溶性陶瓷型芯,可以根据实际使用过程中对型芯性能的要求,调节盐的相对比例,进而调节型芯的性能。如希望型芯强度高时,可适当增加K2CO3的用量;希望型芯保存性好时,需要减少K2CO3的用量。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。而本领域的技术人员容易理解,实施例所描述的具体试验结果仅用于说明本发明,而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所描述的本发明。
实施例1:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中,在140℃的温度3h烘干;
(2)称取电熔刚玉粉120份,水溶性无机盐20份,所述水溶性无机盐的组成为NaCl20份、Na2CO3 5份和K2CO3 75份;
(3)称取电熔刚玉粉,和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐,在350r/min的转速下球磨2h;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型,成型工艺为在7MPa的压力下保压120s,然后进行脱模,得到坯体;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料,按照90℃/小时-100℃/小时的加热速度升温,在720℃烧结1小时,得到型芯。
(6)测试烧结后的陶瓷型芯,抗弯强度可达到11MPa。
实施例2:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中,在150℃的温度2.5h烘干;
(2)称取电熔刚玉粉120份,水溶性无机盐40份,所述水溶性无机盐的组成为NaCl30份、Na2CO3 75份和K2CO3 5份;
(3)称取电熔刚玉粉,和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐,在380r/min的转速下球磨1.5h;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型,成型工艺为在8MPa的压力下保压90s,然后进行脱模,得到坯体;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料,按照90℃/小时-100℃/小时的加热速度升温,在750℃烧结1.5小时,得到型芯。
(6)测试烧结后的陶瓷型芯,抗弯强度可达到7MPa。
实施例3:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中,在145℃的温度2.8h烘干;
(2)称取电熔刚玉粉110份,水溶性无机盐30份,所述水溶性无机盐的组成为NaCl25份、Na2CO3 40份和K2CO3 40份;
(3)称取电熔刚玉粉,和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐,在360r/min的转速下球磨1.8h;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型,成型工艺为在8MPa的压力下保压100s,然后进行脱模,得到坯体;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料,按照90℃/小时-100℃/小时的加热速度升温,在730℃烧结1小时,得到型芯。
(6)测试烧结后的陶瓷型芯,抗弯强度可达到9MPa。
实施例4:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中,在140℃的温度3h烘干;
(2)称取电熔刚玉粉100份,水溶性无机盐20份,所述水溶性无机盐的组成为NaCl20份、Na2CO3 40份和K2CO3 40份;
(3)称取电熔刚玉粉,和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐,在350r/min的转速下球磨1.5h;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型,成型工艺为在8MPa的压力下保压90s,然后进行脱模,得到坯体;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料,按照90℃/小时-100℃/小时的加热速度升温,在750℃烧结1小时,得到型芯。
(6)测试烧结后的陶瓷型芯,抗弯强度可达到8MPa。
实施例5:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中,在150℃的温度3h烘干;
(2)称取电熔刚玉粉100份,水溶性无机盐40份,所述水溶性无机盐的组成为NaCl20份、Na2CO3 75份和K2CO3 75份;
(3)称取电熔刚玉粉,和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐,在370r/min的转速下球磨2h;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型,成型工艺为在7MPa的压力下保压110s,然后进行脱模,得到坯体;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料,按照90℃/小时-100℃/小时的加热速度升温,在750℃烧结1.2小时,得到型芯。
(6)测试烧结后的陶瓷型芯,抗弯强度可达到8MPa。
Claims (6)
1.一种水溶性陶瓷型芯,其特征在于,其主要由以下重量份原料制成:
电熔刚玉粉100-120份,水溶性无机盐20-40份,以重量份比例计:所述水溶性无机盐为NaCl 20-30份、Na2CO3 5-75份和K2CO3 5-75份的混合物;
所述水溶性陶瓷型芯的制备方法,包括以下步骤:取各原料,烘干,然后按照设定的比例混合,将混好的原料压制成型,脱模,得到坯体,最后将压制好的坯体试样埋入工业氧化铝填料,按照设定的加热速度升温烧结,即得型芯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水溶性陶瓷型芯,其特征在于,其主要由以下重量份原料制成:
电熔刚玉粉100份,水溶性无机盐20-40份,以重量份比例计:所述水溶性无机盐为NaCl20-30份、Na2CO3 5-75份和K2CO3 5-75份的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的水溶性陶瓷型芯,其特征在于,其主要由以下重量份原料制成:
电熔刚玉粉120份,水溶性无机盐20-40份,以重量份比例计:所述水溶性无机盐为NaCl20-30份、Na2CO3 5-75份和K2CO3 5-75份的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的水溶性陶瓷型芯,其特征在于,所述电熔刚玉粉的粒度为300目。
5.权利要求1所述的水溶性陶瓷型芯的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:取各原料,烘干,然后按照设定的比例混合,将混好的原料压制成型,脱模,得到坯体,最后将压制好的坯体试样埋入工业氧化铝填料,按照设定的加热速度升温烧结,即得型芯。
6.根据权利要求5所述的水溶性陶瓷型芯的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉末和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中,在140℃-150℃的温度2.5h-3h烘干;
(2)按预先设定的比例称取预处理后的电熔刚玉粉末、水溶性无机盐;
(3)将称量好的电熔刚玉粉末和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐,在350-380r/min的转速下球磨1.5h-2h;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型,成型工艺为在7MPa-8MPa的压力下保压90s-120s,然后脱模,得到坯体;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料,按照90℃/小时-100℃/小时的加热速度升温,在720-750℃烧结1-1.5小时,得到型芯。
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