CN106903307B - A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material - Google Patents
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903307B CN106903307B CN201710114670.XA CN201710114670A CN106903307B CN 106903307 B CN106903307 B CN 106903307B CN 201710114670 A CN201710114670 A CN 201710114670A CN 106903307 B CN106903307 B CN 106903307B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/004—Filling molds with powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1035—Liquid phase sintering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material；Belong to technical field of composite preparation.Specifically using with low-temperature sintering characteristic tungsten alloy powder and powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shot as raw material, using powder metallurgy pressing technique realize tungsten alloy/steel dissimilar material composite powder coform, then carry out co-sintering process obtain tungsten alloy/steel composite material.Tungsten alloy/steel composite material structure-function integration near-net-shape can be achieved in the present invention, solves the existing processing of tungsten alloy components welding and assembly problem, provides new approach for tungsten alloy and steel dissimilar material joining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material；Belong to multiple
Condensation material preparation technical field.
Background technique
Tungsten and its alloy have high density, high rigidity, high intensity, high temperature resistant and the excellent characteristics such as corrosion-resistant, are answered extensively
For fields such as aerospace, weaponry, the energy and electronics.Due to the intrinsic brittleness of tungsten and the limitation of preparation method, it is difficult to
It obtains large scale and complex-shaped pure tungsten component, Developing Tungsten/steel composites structure not only can increase portion to substitute full tungsten structure
The ease of use of part, moreover it is possible to the comprehensive performance advantage for playing each connecting material.
Tungsten/steel system sandwich is prepared at present generally using the methods of mechanical connection, splicing, welding.Mechanical connection
Belong to physical connection with splicing, that there are intensity is low, architecture quality is big, be easy to loosen under varying load effect, poor reliability lacks
Point.And welding method is used, such as brazing and diffusion welding needs certain on-load pressure often to realize the phase mutual connection between tungsten and steel
Touching, while having higher requirements to the surface smoothness of tungsten and steel, joint dimension bad adaptability when tungsten and steel being caused to weld, Er Qieyou
In the intrinsic hard brittleness of tungsten and its alloy, causes tungsten and steel to weld there are certain processing and assembly problem, limit tungsten/steel system
The production application of composite material.Therefore, it is necessary to research and develop a kind of tungsten alloy/steel composite material preparation method of simple economy.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：For the deficiency of existing method, a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten is provided
The method for preparing powder metallurgy of alloy/steel composite material, efficiently solves tungsten alloy/existing processing of steel connection and assembly is difficult
Topic, realizes tungsten alloy/steel composite material structure-function integration near-net-shape.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；Including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1 raw material powder designs and prepares
Using W powder and/or W alloy powder as raw material, using metal powder with low melting point or low-melting alloy powder as auxiliary material；By quality
Than auxiliary material：Raw material=5:95~20：80, with auxiliary material and raw material is taken, are uniformly mixed, obtain mixture；The fusing point of the auxiliary material is low
In the fusing point of raw material；
The fusing point for measuring spare comminuted steel shot, the fusing point for defining spare comminuted steel shot is A；
Step 2 coform
It is first laid with one layer of spare comminuted steel shot in mold, then re-lays one layer of mixture；Or
It is first laid with one layer of mixture in mold, then re-lays one layer of spare comminuted steel shot；
After the completion of laying, the compression moulding under 600MPa~1000MPa pressure obtains tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base；
Step 3
Tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed in hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere, is sintered under B degrees Celsius, obtains tungsten
Alloy/steel composite material；
The B/A=0.5-0.9, preferably 0.6-0.9；
When being sintered under B degrees Celsius, the Degree of Liquefaction that step 1 matches the auxiliary material taken is 75-100%.The present invention
In, when being sintered under B degrees Celsius, the Degree of Liquefaction that step 1 matches the auxiliary material taken refers to for 75-100%：At B degrees Celsius
Under when being sintered, the 75-100% for matching the auxiliary material gross mass taken is liquefied.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；In step 1, institute
It states W alloy powder and is selected from W-La2O3Alloy, W-Y2O3Alloy, W-TiC alloy, W-ZrC alloy, W-Y alloy, W-Mo alloy, W-Re
Alloy, W-K alloy, at least one of W-CNT (carbon nanotube) alloy.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；The B is 1000
DEG C~1300 DEG C.It is preferred that 1100 DEG C~1300 DEG C.Further preferably 1130 DEG C~1200 DEG C.It is still more preferably 1150 DEG C
~1185 DEG C.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；In step 1, institute
It states metal powder with low melting point and is selected from least one of Ni powder, Fe powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Sn powder, Al powder.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；In step 1, institute
It states low-melting alloy powder and is selected from Ni-Fe alloyed powder, Fe-Cu alloyed powder, Ni-Cu alloyed powder, Ni-Mn alloyed powder, Ni-Fe-Cu
Alloyed powder, Ni-Fe-Al alloyed powder, Ni-Fe-Mn alloyed powder, Ni-Fe-Sn alloyed powder, Fe-Cu-Sn alloyed powder, Ni-Cu-Sn are closed
At least one of bronze, Ni-Cu-Mn alloyed powder.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；The granularity of raw material
Granularity for 30nm~5 μm, auxiliary material is 30nm~5 μm.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；It is standby in step 1
It is 50~200 μm with the granularity of comminuted steel shot.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；Spare comminuted steel shot is
Powder used in metallurgy steel alloy.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；In step 1, with
W powder and/or W alloy powder are raw material, using metal powder with low melting point or low-melting alloy powder as auxiliary material；In mass ratio, auxiliary material：It is former
Material=5:95~20：80, with auxiliary material and raw material is taken, will be placed in ball mill with the auxiliary material and raw material that take, carry out mechanical ball mill, obtain
To the mixture；When the ball milling, control rotational speed of ball-mill is that 150-300 turns/min, and the time is 20-50 hours.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；In step 3, institute
Stating sintering process is to keep the temperature 0.5~2h, then first with the heating rate of 10~20 DEG C/min from room temperature to 600~950 DEG C
1100 DEG C~1300 DEG C are continuously heating to, 1~3h is kept the temperature, cools to room temperature with the furnace after sintering.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；By metal element
Powder W, Ni, Cu, Sn are according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio weighing, is placed in planetary ball mill and carries out ball milling, when ball milling
Control revolving speed is 200 turns/min, time 20h, and the mixture that powder size is 100nm is obtained after ball milling；It is with average particle size
100 μm of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots are spare comminuted steel shot；It is first laid with one layer of spare comminuted steel shot in mold, then re-lays one layer of mixing
Object, then compression moulding under 800MPa pressure obtain tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base that diameter is 40mm；Then exist
Under hydrogen atmosphere, first with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min from room temperature to 900 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, continues thereafter with and is warming up to
1180 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace after sintering, obtains tungsten alloy/steel composite material；Tungsten alloy/the steel is multiple
The interface bond strength of condensation material is 600MPa；Or
By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio weighing, is placed in planetary ball mill
Middle carry out ball milling, control revolving speed is 250 turns/min, time 30h when ball milling, and powder size is obtained after ball milling as the mixing of 80nm
Object；It is 150 μm of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots with average particle size is spare comminuted steel shot；One layer of spare comminuted steel shot is first laid in mold, then
One layer of mixture is re-layed, then compression moulding under 600MPa pressure, it is compound to obtain tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped that diameter is 50mm
Shape base；Then in a hydrogen atmosphere, first with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min from room temperature to 950 DEG C, 0.5h is kept the temperature, with
After be continuously heating to 1150 DEG C, keep the temperature 3h, obtain tungsten alloy/steel composite material；It ties at the interface of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material
Conjunction intensity is 540MPa.In the present invention, when carrying out ball milling using planetary ball mill, part or all of powder can be made to realize machine
Tool alloying.
In the present invention, spare comminuted steel shot preferably uses water atomization or aerosolization technology to prepare powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shot.?
Powdered alloy steel defined by GB/T 19743-2005 could be used for the present invention in the present invention.
Preferably, in the present invention, first it is laid with one layer of spare comminuted steel shot in step 2 in mold, jolt ramming, then
Re-lay one layer of mixture；Jolt ramming, it is then re-compacted.
Preferably, in the present invention, first it is laid with one layer of mixture in step 2 in mold, jolt ramming, then again
It is laid with one layer of spare comminuted steel shot；Jolt ramming, it is then re-compacted.Spare comminuted steel shot first can also be pressed into comminuted steel shot green body, then in comminuted steel shot green body
Upper laying mixture, it is re-compacted to form or mixture is first pressed into mixture green body, then comminuted steel shot is layed in mixture green body
Upper re-compacted molding.
The present invention can also first prepare comminuted steel shot green body and mixture green body simultaneously, then comminuted steel shot green body and mixture green body are united
One compacting.
Using method designed in the present invention, tungsten alloy/steel, tungsten alloy/steel/tungsten alloy, steel/tungsten can be prepared and closed
Gold/steel or tungsten alloy/steel/tungsten alloy/steel ... composite material.
It, first will be uniform by mechanical mixture with the raw material and auxiliary material taken in industrial applications.When mechanical mixture is uniform,
It can make part or all of powder that mechanical alloying occur.
Principle and advantage
The present invention devises the powder metallurgy process of " coform co-sintering ", and should by the optimization of ingredient design and processes
Method is applied in the preparation of tungsten alloy/steel dissimilar material structural member, realizes tungsten alloy/steel composite material structure function one
The near-net-shape of body.The present invention creatively passes through the sintering characteristic of matching tungsten alloy and steel, makes tungsten alloy and steel same
Collaboration consolidation densification is realized under sintering schedule.Change particular by addition active element (such as Al, Sn, Mn) and using powder
Property technology (such as powder micro-nanoization) realize the activated sintering of tungsten alloy, reduce its sintering temperature, coordinate tungsten alloy and low conjunction
The sintering process of Jin Gang is densified with the co-sintering for realizing the two.The present invention is excellent by matrix alloy powdered ingredients design and processes
Change, has coordinated the process compatible of the powder metallurgy coform co-sintering of tungsten alloy and steel, realized tungsten alloy/steel composite material
Powder metallurgy preparation.
Compared to existing method, the advantage of the invention is that：
(1) powder metallurgy process provided by the invention makees raw material using dusty material, avoids welding method and needs to tungsten
The technical problem that alloy is processed and is surface-treated.
(2) different from the methods of mechanical connection, splicing, welding, powder metallurgy process may advantageously facilitate interface atoms diffusion
Reaction is conducive to xenogenesis powder body material in the long-range order diffusion of interface two sides and molten infiltration, help to obtain bond strength height, boundary
Good tungsten alloy/the steel composite material of face stability.
(3) powder metallurgy process can realize tungsten alloy/steel composite material near-net-shape, and formation efficiency is high, material use
Rate is high, at low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is that tungsten alloy/steel composite material interface cohesion region scanning electron microscope prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 is shone
Piece.
Attached drawing 2 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
It is intended to further illustrate the present invention with reference to embodiments, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Tungsten alloy/steel composite material method for preparing powder metallurgy of present embodiment carries out as follows：
One, prepared by raw material powder：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn etc. according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio claims
Weight is placed in progress mechanical alloying processing in planetary ball mill, and control revolving speed is 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 20h, obtains
Obtaining powder size is 100nm, the 90W-Ni-Cu-Sn tungsten alloy powder that sintering temperature is 1180 DEG C；It is prepared using aerosolization technology
About 100 μm of powder size, sintering temperature is 1180 DEG C of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots；
Two, coform：The tungsten alloy powder of preparation and comminuted steel shot lamination are placed in rigid die, suppressed under 800MPa pressure
Forming obtains tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base that diameter is 40mm；
Three, it is sintered：Tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed under hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere and is sintered, first with 10 DEG C/
The heating rate of min keeps the temperature 1h from room temperature to 900 DEG C, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1180 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature, after sintering
It cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains tungsten alloy/steel composite material.
The tungsten alloy of present embodiment/steel composite material mechanical properties use welding side up to 600MPa, than conventional
Tungsten/steel fastener (ultimate tensile strength 425MPa) of method preparation is high by 30%.
Tungsten alloy/steel composite material thermal fatigue resistance obtained by present embodiment is good, is prepared with conventional using welding method
Tungsten/steel fastener compare being subjected to 30 times and generate micro-crack from room temperature to 700 DEG C of cold cycling, up to 800 can be subjected to
DEG C cold cycling 100 times.
It is shone by the tungsten alloy/steel composite material interface fine structure microstructure obtained after above-mentioned powder metallurgical technique
Piece is shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment 2
Tungsten alloy/steel composite material method for preparing powder metallurgy of present embodiment carries out as follows：
One, prepared by raw material powder：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio weighing,
It is placed in progress mechanical alloying processing in planetary ball mill, control revolving speed is 250 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 30h, obtains powder
Last granularity is 80nm, the 90W-Ni-Cu-Sn tungsten alloy powder that sintering temperature is 1150 DEG C；Powder is prepared using aerosolization technology
About 100 μm of granularity, sintering temperature is 1150 DEG C of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots；
Two, coform：The tungsten alloy powder of preparation and comminuted steel shot lamination are placed in rigid die, suppressed under 600MPa pressure
Forming obtains tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base that diameter is 50mm；
Three, it is sintered：Tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed under hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere and is sintered, first with 20 DEG C/
The heating rate of min keeps the temperature 0.5h from room temperature to 950 DEG C, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1150 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3h, obtains tungsten
Alloy/steel composite material.
The tungsten alloy of present embodiment/steel composite material mechanical properties are up to 540MPa, than conventionally employed welding side
Tungsten/steel fastener (ultimate tensile strength 425MPa) of method preparation is high by 20%.
Tungsten alloy/steel composite material thermal fatigue resistance obtained by present embodiment is good, is prepared with conventional using welding method
Tungsten/steel fastener compare being subjected to 30 times and generate micro-crack from room temperature to 700 DEG C of cold cycling, up to 700 can be subjected to
DEG C cold cycling 80 times.
Embodiment 3
Tungsten alloy/steel composite material method for preparing powder metallurgy of present embodiment carries out as follows：
One, prepared by raw material powder：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn according to 85:7:7:1 mass ratio weighing, is placed in
Mechanical alloying processing is carried out in planetary ball mill, control revolving speed is 300 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 50h, obtains powder grain
Degree is 30nm, the 85W-Ni-Cu-Sn tungsten alloy powder that sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C；Powder size is prepared using aerosolization technology
About 50 μm, sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots；
Two, coform：The tungsten alloy powder of preparation and comminuted steel shot lamination are placed in rigid die, pushed in 1000MPa pressure
Shape is made, obtains tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base that diameter is 15mm；
Three, it is sintered：Tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed under hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere and is sintered, first with 20 DEG C/
The heating rate of min keeps the temperature 2h from room temperature to 600 DEG C, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1100 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1h, obtains tungsten conjunction
Gold/steel composite material.
The tungsten alloy of present embodiment/steel composite material mechanical properties are up to 515MPa, than conventionally employed welding side
Tungsten/steel fastener (ultimate tensile strength 425MPa) of method preparation is high by 17%.
Tungsten alloy/steel composite material thermal fatigue resistance obtained by present embodiment is good, is prepared with conventional using welding method
Tungsten/steel fastener compare being subjected to 30 times and generate micro-crack from room temperature to 700 DEG C of cold cycling, up to 700 can be subjected to
DEG C cold cycling 60 times.
Embodiment 4
Tungsten alloy/steel composite material method for preparing powder metallurgy of present embodiment carries out as follows：
One, prepared by raw material powder：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Mn according to 85:9:6 mass ratio weighing, is placed in planet
Mechanical alloying processing is carried out in formula ball mill, control revolving speed is 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 20h, and obtaining powder size is
120nm, the 85W-Ni-Mn tungsten alloy powder that sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C；About 150 μ of powder size is prepared using atomization technology
M, sintering temperature are 1200 DEG C of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots；
Two, coform：The tungsten alloy powder of preparation and comminuted steel shot lamination are placed in rigid die, suppressed under 700MPa pressure
Forming obtains tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base that diameter is 40mm；
Three, it is sintered：Tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed under hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere and is sintered, first with 20 DEG C/
The heating rate of min keeps the temperature 1h from room temperature to 900 DEG C, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1200 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2h, obtains tungsten conjunction
Gold/steel composite material.
The tungsten alloy of present embodiment/steel composite material mechanical properties are higher than conventional using welding up to 450MPa
Tungsten/steel fastener of method preparation.
Tungsten alloy/steel composite material thermal fatigue resistance obtained by present embodiment is good, is prepared with conventional using welding method
Tungsten/steel fastener compare being subjected to 30 times and generate micro-crack from room temperature to 700 DEG C of cold cycling, up to 700 can be subjected to
DEG C cold cycling 50 times.
Embodiment 5
Tungsten alloy/steel composite material method for preparing powder metallurgy of present embodiment carries out as follows：
One, prepared by raw material powder：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Mn according to 85:6:4:5 mass ratio weighing, is placed in
Mechanical alloying processing is carried out in planetary ball mill, control revolving speed is 150 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 25h, obtains powder grain
Degree is 160nm, the 85W-Ni-Cu-Mn tungsten alloy powder that sintering temperature is 1300 DEG C；Powder size is prepared using atomization technology
About 200 μm, sintering temperature is 1300 DEG C of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots；
Two, coform：The tungsten alloy powder of preparation and comminuted steel shot lamination are placed in rigid die, suppressed under 900MPa pressure
Forming obtains tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base that diameter is 30mm；
Three, it is sintered：Tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed under hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere and is sintered, first with 20 DEG C/
The heating rate of min keeps the temperature 2h from room temperature to 950 DEG C, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1300 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1.5h, obtains tungsten
Alloy/steel composite material.
The tungsten alloy of present embodiment/steel composite material mechanical properties are higher than conventional using welding up to 480MPa
Tungsten/steel fastener of method preparation.
Tungsten alloy/steel composite material thermal fatigue resistance obtained by present embodiment is good, is prepared with conventional using welding method
Tungsten/steel fastener compare being subjected to 30 times and generate micro-crack from room temperature to 700 DEG C of cold cycling, up to 750 can be subjected to
DEG C cold cycling 60 times.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material；It is characterised in that it includes following
Step：
Step 1 raw material powder designs and prepares
Using W powder and/or W alloy powder as raw material, using metal powder with low melting point or low-melting alloy powder as auxiliary material；In mass ratio,
Auxiliary material：Raw material=5:95~20：80, with auxiliary material and raw material is taken, are uniformly mixed, obtain mixture；The fusing point of the auxiliary material is lower than original
The fusing point of material；
The fusing point for measuring spare comminuted steel shot, the fusing point for defining spare comminuted steel shot is A；
Step 2 coform
It is first laid with one layer of spare comminuted steel shot in mold, then re-lays one layer of mixture；Or
It is first laid with one layer of mixture in mold, then re-lays one layer of spare comminuted steel shot；
After the completion of laying, the compression moulding under 600MPa~1000MPa pressure obtains tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base；
Step 3
Tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed in hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere, is sintered under B degrees Celsius, obtain tungsten alloy/
Steel composite material；
The B/A=0.5-0.9；
When being sintered under B degrees Celsius, the Degree of Liquefaction that step 1 matches the auxiliary material taken is 75-100%.
2. a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：In step 1, the W alloy powder is selected from W-La2O3Alloy, W-Y2O3Alloy, W-TiC alloy, W-ZrC alloy,
W-Y alloy, W-Mo alloy, W-Re alloy, W-K alloy, at least one of W-CNT alloy.
3. a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：In step 1, the metal powder with low melting point in Ni powder, Fe powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Sn powder, Al powder extremely
Few one kind.
4. a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：In step 1, the low-melting alloy powder is selected from Ni-Fe alloyed powder, Fe-Cu alloyed powder, Ni-Cu alloy
Powder, Ni-Mn alloyed powder, Ni-Fe-Cu alloyed powder, Ni-Fe-Al alloyed powder, Ni-Fe-Mn alloyed powder, Ni-Fe-Sn alloyed powder,
At least one of Fe-Cu-Sn alloyed powder, Ni-Cu-Sn alloyed powder, Ni-Cu-Mn alloyed powder.
5. a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：The granularity of raw material be 30nm~5 μm, auxiliary material granularity be 30nm~5 μm.
6. a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：The granularity of spare comminuted steel shot is 50~200 μm in step 1.
7. a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：Spare comminuted steel shot is powder used in metallurgy steel alloy.
8. a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：In step 1, using W powder and/or W alloy powder as raw material, with metal powder with low melting point or low-melting alloy powder
For auxiliary material；In mass ratio, auxiliary material：Raw material=5:95~20：80, with auxiliary material and raw material is taken, will be placed in ball with the auxiliary material and raw material that take
In grinding machine, mechanical ball mill is carried out, the mixture is obtained；When the ball milling, control rotational speed of ball-mill is that 150-300 turns/min, when
Between be 20-50 hours.
9. a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：In step 3, the sintering process be first with the heating rate of 10~20 DEG C/min from room temperature to 600~
950 DEG C, 0.5~2h is kept the temperature, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1100 DEG C~1300 DEG C, 1~3h is kept the temperature, is cooled to the furnace after sintering
Room temperature.
10. a kind of powder metallurgy preparation side of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1
Method；It is characterized in that：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio weighing, is placed in planetary
Carry out ball milling in ball mill, control revolving speed is 200 turns/min, time 20h when ball milling, and obtaining powder size after ball milling is
The mixture of 100nm；It is 100 μm of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots with average particle size is spare comminuted steel shot；First be laid in mold one layer it is standby
With comminuted steel shot, one layer of mixture is then re-layed, then compression moulding under 800MPa pressure, the tungsten alloy that acquisition diameter is 40mm/
Steel disc-shaped combined shaping base；Then in a hydrogen atmosphere, first with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min from room temperature to 900
DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1180 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature, cools to room temperature with the furnace after sintering, obtain tungsten alloy/steel
Composite material；The interface bond strength of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material is 600MPa；Or
By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio weighing, be placed in planetary ball mill into
Row ball milling, control revolving speed is 250 turns/min, time 30h when ball milling, and powder size is obtained after ball milling as the mixture of 80nm；
It is 100 μm of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots with average particle size is spare comminuted steel shot；It is first laid with one layer of spare comminuted steel shot in mold, then repaves
If one layer of mixture, then compression moulding under 600MPa pressure obtains tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping that diameter is 50mm
Base；Then in a hydrogen atmosphere, first with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min from room temperature to 950 DEG C, 0.5h is kept the temperature, with subsequent
It is continuous to be warming up to 1150 DEG C, and in 1150 DEG C of sintering 3h, obtain tungsten alloy/steel composite material；Tungsten alloy/the steel composite material
Interface bond strength is 540MPa.
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| CN110144508B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-25 | 中南大学 | Two-stage powder metallurgy preparation method of tungsten/steel bimetal collar material |
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| CN112080676A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-15 | 西安理工大学 | Flaky powder micro-laminated W-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114393211B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2024-04-05 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing CuW/low carbon steel integral material by using copper-nickel powder interlayer |
| CN115194146B (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2023-11-17 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | Functionally graded layer material suitable for fusion reactor tungsten and steel connection |
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