CN106769155B - Multifunctional integrated layered structure antiknock test device - Google Patents
Multifunctional integrated layered structure antiknock test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106769155B CN106769155B CN201710078875.7A CN201710078875A CN106769155B CN 106769155 B CN106769155 B CN 106769155B CN 201710078875 A CN201710078875 A CN 201710078875A CN 106769155 B CN106769155 B CN 106769155B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional integrated layered structure antiknock test device, which comprises a main body frame (1) and a reinforced concrete supporting structure (10), wherein a middle plate (2), side plates (31, 32) and a test plate (5) are detachably arranged at the upper part of the main body frame (1), a strain gauge (61) is stuck on stress steel bars in the supporting structure (10), a piezoresistive pressure sensor (62) is arranged on the upper surface of the stress steel bars, a displacement meter (63) is arranged on the lower surface of the stress steel bars, the multifunctional integrated layered structure antiknock test device further comprises a plurality of air pressure sensors (64), camera openings (81, 82) are formed in two walls, opposite to the short sides of the main body frame (1), and speed measuring paper (65) is arranged on the inner side of one camera opening (81). The test device provided by the invention can be used for conveniently observing the distribution rule of the explosion fragments, measuring the propagation of the explosion waves in different thickness and different material media, and measuring the explosion load distribution and explosion dynamic response characteristics of the supporting structure, and can be reused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of explosion mechanics tests of building structures, and relates to a multifunctional and reusable multifunctional integrated layered structure antiknock test device.
Background
In the design of protection engineering, layered structures have been widely used due to their good penetration resistance.
However, prior studies have been limited in that the protective effect of layered ballistic layers, typically fracture, is studied, the ballistic layer only studies its penetration resistance, generally irrespective of its clipping effect on blast loads, and the distribution layer only studies its clipping and attenuation dissipation effects on blast impact loads. And the current specifications and researches mainly aim at the sand distribution layer, and the air distribution layer is not involved. Therefore, when the air distribution layer or other medium material distribution layers are adopted, under the action of penetration explosion or contact explosion, the experimental research on the propagation rule of explosion waves in the distribution layer, the load distribution on the supporting structure and the dynamic response of the supporting structure is necessary for the damage condition of the bullet-proof layer.
At the same time, little research is done on the impact of explosive fragments, especially when the distribution layer is air, and high velocity fragments are very dangerous for the support structure, but little research is done on the impact of fragments.
In summary, the problems with the prior art are: the layered structure antiknock test device has single function and can not be reused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional integrated layered structure anti-explosion test device which can conveniently observe the distribution rule of explosion fragments, measure the propagation of explosion waves in different thickness and material media and the explosion load distribution and explosion dynamic response characteristics of a supporting structure and can be reused.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a multifunctional integrated layered structure antiknock test device comprises a rectangular main body frame 1 surrounded by a concrete wall, wherein a reinforced concrete support structure 10 is horizontally arranged in the vertical middle of the main body frame 1, and the periphery of the support structure 10 is in airtight fixed connection with the inner side of the main body frame 1;
a middle plate 2 is detachably arranged at the upper part of the main body frame 1, side plates 31 and 32 are respectively arranged at two sides of the middle plate 2, a test plate groove 4 for accommodating a test plate 5 is arranged in the middle part of the middle plate 2, the test plate 5 is detachably fixed in the test plate groove 4, a closed space formed by the middle plate 2, the side plates 31 and 32 and the test plate 5 together with the main body frame 1 and the supporting structure 10 is used as a distribution layer 20, and the middle plate 2, the side plates 31 and 32 and the test plate 5 form an elastic shielding layer 30;
a strain gauge 61 is attached to the stress steel bar in the support structure 10, a piezoresistive pressure sensor 62 is arranged on the upper surface of the support structure 10, and a displacement meter 63 is arranged on the lower surface of the support structure 10;
a plurality of air pressure sensors 64 and piezoresistive pressure sensors 62 are arranged in the distribution layer 20, and the plurality of air pressure sensors 64 and piezoresistive pressure sensors 62 are respectively positioned at different heights and different plane positions;
the two opposite side walls of the short side of the main body frame 1 are provided with camera ports 81 and 82 for the high-speed camera sealed by the optical glass baffle 7 to pick up, wherein the inner side of one camera port 81 is provided with speed measuring paper 65, the upper edges of the camera ports 81 and 82 are flush with the lower edge of the test board 5, and the lower edges of the camera ports 81 and 82 are flush with the upper edge of the supporting structure 10.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
1. can be repeatedly used: the distribution layer can be tested by using media with different materials and different thicknesses, and the medium materials are convenient to fill and clean. The side plates and the middle plate are lifted, the whole test device is completely opened, and meanwhile, after the optical glass baffle is removed, the two high-speed camera ports are equivalent to two larger cleaning channels, so that the test is convenient to use. The test operation is convenient, the period is short, the test time can be greatly saved, and the test efficiency is improved. The measuring instrument is convenient to install, the sensor circuit almost does not need to be replaced, and tedious repeated installation of each test is avoided.
The test piece materials required by the test are less, only the test board needs to be replaced in each test, the whole top plate does not need to be replaced, and the cost and the space are saved. Meanwhile, the test device can be repeatedly used for a plurality of times, and the cost is saved as a whole.
2. The functions are as follows: the method can conveniently observe the distribution rule of the explosion fragments, and measure the propagation of the explosion waves in different thicknesses and material media and the explosion load distribution and explosion dynamic response characteristics of the supporting structure. On the premise of not influencing the antiknock test of the simulated layered structure, the complete explosion damage process of the back of the test board can be shot and recorded. The design of adopting sideboard and intermediate lamella highly different has been adopted the dysmorphism structure of intermediate lamella to the design for high-speed camera surveys mouthful upper surface and test board lower surface on the coplanar, makes can observe complete explosion destruction process.
The test device uses the high-speed camera to shoot, uses the speed measurement paper as a background reference, and can conveniently obtain the flying speed, the volume and the space distribution rule of fragments.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of a multi-functional integrated layered structure antiknock test apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views of fig. 1 and 2, respectively.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of fig. 1 after the bullet-proof layer is removed.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sensor holder structure.
Fig. 7 is a top view of a sensor holder.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a sideboard.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the intermediate plate.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an optical glass baffle.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of the rebound prevention bolt and hook.
In the figure, 1 a main body frame, 2 a middle plate, 31 and 32 side plates, 4 a test plate groove, 5 a test plate,
a 6 sensor mount, 60 risers, 601, 602, 603, 604 arms,
61 strain gauge, 62 piezoresistive pressure sensor, 63 displacement meter, 64 air pressure sensor, 65 velocimeter,
7 optical glass baffles, 71 optical glass, 72 rubber sealing rings, 73 steel clamping plates, 74 high-strength bolts,
81. 82 camera ports, 9 dielectric materials, 10 supporting structures, 11 steps, 12 cushion blocks, 13 rebound prevention bolts, 20 distribution layers and 30 bullet-proof layers.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-functional integrated layered structure antiknock test device of the present invention includes a rectangular main body frame 1 surrounded by a concrete wall;
a reinforced concrete supporting structure 10 is horizontally arranged in the vertical middle of the main body frame 1, and the periphery of the supporting structure 10 is in airtight fixed connection with the inner side of the main body frame 1;
a middle plate 2 is detachably arranged at the upper part of the main body frame 1, side plates 31 and 32 are respectively arranged at two sides of the middle plate 2, a test plate groove 4 for accommodating a test plate 5 is arranged in the middle part of the middle plate 2, the test plate 5 is detachably fixed in the test plate groove 4, a closed space formed by the middle plate 2, the side plates 31 and 32 and the test plate 5 together with the main body frame 1 and the supporting structure 10 is used as a distribution layer 20, and the middle plate 2, the side plates 31 and 32 and the test plate 5 form an elastic shielding layer 30;
as an embodiment, the two ends of the middle plate 2 and the side plates 31 and 32 are detachably fixed at the upper ends of the two long side walls of the main body frame 1, and the two camera ports 81 and 82 are respectively located at the middle parts of the two short side walls of the main body frame 1.
That is, the length of the intermediate plate 2 and the side plates 31, 32 is not smaller than the distance between the two long side wall outer skins of the main body frame 1, and the intermediate plate 2 and the side plates 31, 32 are overlapped on the main body frame 1, and the thickness of the distribution layer is the largest.
As an improved embodiment, the upper parts of the two long side walls of the main body frame 1 are respectively retracted, and steps 11 for placing the two ends of the middle plate 2 and the side plates 31 and 32 are formed on the two long side walls.
In this scheme, the intermediate plate 2 and the side plates 31 and 32 are supported by the integral step 11 formed by adduction of the long side walls, and the lengths of the intermediate plate 2 and the side plates 31 and 32 cannot be the same as those of the previous embodiment, but are slightly smaller than the distances between the two long side walls after adduction. The height of the step formed by adduction of the long side wall is determined to meet the minimum distribution layer thickness.
As an improvement, concrete pads 12 of different thickness can be padded between the step 11 and the intermediate plate 2 and the side plates 31, 32, so as to flexibly adjust the thickness of the distribution layer.
A strain gauge 61 is attached to the stress steel bar in the support structure 10, a piezoresistive pressure sensor 62 is arranged on the upper surface of the support structure 10, and a displacement meter 63 is arranged on the lower surface of the support structure 10;
a plurality of air pressure sensors 64 and piezoresistive pressure sensors 62 are arranged in the distribution layer 20, and the plurality of air pressure sensors 64 and piezoresistive pressure sensors 62 are respectively positioned at different heights and different plane positions;
two opposite side walls of the short side of the main body frame 1 are provided with camera ports 81 and 82 for shooting by a high-speed camera sealed by the optical glass baffle 7, wherein the inner side of one camera port 81 is provided with speed measuring paper 65, the upper edges of the camera ports 81 and 82 are flush with the lower edge of the test board 5, and the lower edges of the camera ports 81 and 82 are flush with the upper edge of the supporting structure 10.
The test device uses a high-speed camera to shoot, and uses the speed measuring paper 65 as a background reference, so that the flying speed, the volume and the space distribution rule of fragments can be conveniently obtained. On the premise of not influencing the antiknock test of the simulated layered structure, the complete explosion damage process of the back of the test board can be shot and recorded. The design of the side plates 31, 32 and the middle plate 2 with different heights is adopted, and the design adopts the special-shaped structure of the middle plate 2, so that the upper surface of the observation port of the high-speed camera and the lower surface of the test plate are on the same plane, and the complete explosion damage process can be observed.
The test board is only required to be replaced in each test, and the whole top board is not required to be replaced. Meanwhile, the test device can be repeatedly used for a plurality of times, and the cost is saved as a whole.
As shown in fig. 2, the medium material 9 is filled in the lower part of the closed space formed by the middle plate 2, the side plates 31, 32 and the test plate 5 together with the main body frame 1 and the supporting structure 10, and the air is used as the gap between the medium material 9 and the middle plate 2, the side plates 31, 32 and the test plate 5.
The distribution layer can be tested by using media with different materials and different thicknesses, and the medium materials are convenient to fill and clean. The side plates and the middle plate are lifted, the whole test device is completely opened, and meanwhile, after the optical glass baffle is removed, the two high-speed camera ports are equivalent to two larger cleaning channels, so that the test is convenient to use.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the sensor support frame further comprises a plurality of sensor support frames 6, each sensor support frame 6 comprises a vertical pipe 60 and 4 support arms 601, 602, 603 and 604 which are perpendicular to the vertical pipe, the 4 support arms 601, 602, 603 and 604 are uniformly arranged along the height direction from the bottom end of the vertical pipe 60, the 4 support arms 601, 602, 603 and 604 are uniformly arranged along the horizontal circumference, the horizontal directions of two adjacent support arms are different by 90 degrees, and the air pressure sensor 64 or the piezoresistive pressure sensor 62 can be arranged on the 4 support arms 602, 603 and 604 and the top end of the vertical pipe 60 according to specific test requirements.
The height of the riser 60 is determined according to specific test requirements.
The included angle between each layer of cantilever of the sensor bracket is 90 degrees, and four layers of sensors are in four mutually perpendicular directions, so that the interference of the sensors on the propagation of explosion waves and the mutual interference among the sensors are reduced to the maximum extent, and test data are acquired fully.
The measuring instrument is convenient to install, the sensor circuit almost does not need to be replaced, and tedious repeated installation of each test is avoided.
Preferably, the two ends of the middle plate 2 and the side plates 31 and 32 are respectively detachably fixed at the upper ends of two long side walls of the main body frame 1, or fixed on steps and cushion blocks, and the two camera ports 81 and 82 are respectively positioned at the middle parts of two short side walls of the main body frame 1.
As shown in fig. 6, the side plates 31 and 32 are rectangular flat plates, as shown in fig. 7, the middle plate 2 comprises two parallel longitudinal beams 21 and 22 and two cross beams 23 and 24 perpendicular to the longitudinal beams, two ends of each cross beam are respectively connected with the inner sides of the two longitudinal beams, the two longitudinal beams and the two cross beams enclose a test plate groove 4 for accommodating the test plate 5, flat plates 25 and 26 are arranged between the outer sides of each cross beam and the inner sides of the two longitudinal beams, and the upper surfaces of the flat plates 25 and 26 are connected with the bottoms of the cross beams 23 and 24 and the two longitudinal beams 21 and 22, and the lower edges of the test plate 5 are flush with the lower edges of the flat plates 25 and 26.
As shown in fig. 8, the optical glass baffle 7 includes an optical glass 71, and is fixed by high-strength bolts 74, with rubber seal rings 72 and steel clamping plates 73 provided on both sides of the periphery thereof.
As shown in fig. 9, hooks for lifting are arranged at the upper parts of the middle plate 2, the side plates 31, 32 and the test plate 5.
The two ends of the middle plate 2 and the side plates 31 and 32 are connected with the main body frame 1 or the step 11 and the cushion block 12 through rebound prevention bolts 13.
The displacement meter 63, strain gauge 61 and sensor holder 6 mounted on the support structure 10 are distributed over only one quarter of the area of the support structure 10, since the test device and reaction have symmetry and the entire mounting of the measuring device is wasteful and unnecessary.
The height of the sensor holder 6 is determined according to the specific test requirements.
The step 11 and the long side of the main body frame 1 are cast-in-situ, so that the bearing capacity of the main body frame 1 is increased, and the step 11 is safer than a bracket of conventional design in bearing. A higher dispense height may be achieved by adding pads 12 to the step 11, but a lower dispense height may not be achieved.
The tachometer 64 is a photo of the same time interval taken by the height camera, and the velocity of a certain fragment is calculated by comparing the photos with each other to obtain different positions on the square paper when the fragment is different in time.
The anti-rebound bolts 13 are used for preventing the side plates 31, 32 and the middle plate 2 from rebound to a large extent accidentally during the test and affecting the test.
The steel structure of the sensor bracket is hollow, and the data wires are arranged in the steel structure and penetrate through the supporting structure, so that when the test frame is poured, a plurality of smaller holes are reserved in the supporting structure, and because the holes are small and few, the stress steel bars are not influenced, and the influence on the bearing capacity of the structure is negligible.
The experimental operation steps are as follows:
1. calibrating an air pressure sensor 64, a piezoresistive soil pressure sensor 62 and the like, debugging a high-speed camera, checking a data acquisition line, and ensuring that test measurement can be normally carried out;
2. the test plate 5 is hoisted into place by laying the dielectric material 9 on the support structure 10 and covering the side plates 31, 32 and the intermediate plate 2.
3. The rebound prevention bolts 13 are screwed, and the line, the displacement meter 63, and the like are inspected again to inspect the optical glass baffle 7.
4. And placing the explosive at a distance required by the test, ensuring that the explosive can be successfully detonated, and then evacuating all personnel to a safe area.
4. After all the materials are ready, detonating the explosive and observing the working state and explosion phenomenon of the data acquisition instrument.
5. After the safety of the test site is ensured, the single phase inverter is used for recording the explosion site, the damage state of the test board 5 is measured and recorded, then the bolts are disassembled, the test board is lifted and placed on a nearby special site, then the middle board is lifted off, and the lower damage state is observed and recorded.
6. All measuring instruments and lines are checked, and if damaged, the measuring instruments and lines are replaced in time.
7. For unexpected test data and damage conditions, the next test is carefully and countered and guided, and if the test needs to be paused, the test is paused, otherwise, the first step is repeated.
8. And (5) sorting and analyzing the collected test data and phenomena.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional integrated layered structure antiknock test device, includes rectangle main part frame (1) that is enclosed by concrete wall, its characterized in that:
a reinforced concrete supporting structure (10) is horizontally arranged in the vertical middle of the main body frame (1), and the periphery of the supporting structure (10) is fixedly connected with the inner side of the main body frame (1) in a sealing manner;
the test board comprises a main body frame (1), wherein an intermediate board (2) is detachably arranged at the upper part of the main body frame (1), side boards (31, 32) are respectively arranged at two sides of the intermediate board (2), a test board groove (4) for accommodating a test board (5) is arranged in the middle of the intermediate board (2), the test board (5) is detachably fixed in the test board groove (4), a space formed by the intermediate board (2), the side boards (31, 32), the test board (5) and the main body frame (1) and a supporting structure (10) is used as a distribution layer (20), and the intermediate board (2), the side boards (31, 32) and the test board (5) form a bullet-proof layer (30);
a strain gauge (61) is stuck on a stress steel bar in the support structure (10), a piezoresistive pressure sensor (62) is arranged on the upper surface of the support structure (10), and a displacement meter (63) is arranged on the lower surface of the support structure (10);
a plurality of air pressure sensors (64) and piezoresistive pressure sensors (62) are arranged in the distribution layer (20), and the air pressure sensors (64) and the piezoresistive pressure sensors (62) are respectively positioned at different heights and different plane positions;
two opposite side walls of the short side of the main body frame (1) are provided with camera ports (81, 82) for shooting by a high-speed camera of the optical glass baffle plate (7), wherein the inner side of one camera port (82) is provided with speed measuring paper (65), the upper edges of the camera ports (81, 82) are flush with the lower edge of the test board (5), and the lower edges of the camera ports (81, 82) are flush with the upper edge of the supporting structure (10).
2. The test device of claim 1, wherein: the lower part of a space formed by the middle plate (2), the side plates (31, 32), the test plate (5), the main body frame (1) and the supporting structure (10) is filled with a dielectric material (9), and the gap between the dielectric material (9) and the middle plate (2), the side plates (31, 32) and the test plate (5) is air.
3. The test device of claim 2, wherein: the sensor comprises a vertical pipe (60) and 4 support arms (601, 602, 603, 604) perpendicular to the vertical pipe, wherein the 4 support arms (601, 602, 603, 604) are uniformly arranged in the height direction from the bottom end of the vertical pipe (60), the 4 support arms (601, 602, 603, 604) are uniformly arranged in the horizontal circumferential direction, the horizontal directions of two adjacent support arms are different by 90 degrees, and an air pressure sensor (64) or a piezoresistive pressure sensor (62) is arranged on the top ends of the 4 support arms (602, 603, 604) and the vertical pipe (60).
4. A test device according to claim 3, wherein: the height of the stand pipe (60) is the same as the thickness of the dielectric material (9).
5. The test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: two ends of the middle plate (2) and the side plates (31, 32) are detachably fixed at the upper ends of two long side walls of the main body frame (1) respectively, and two camera ports (81, 82) are located in the middle of two short side walls of the main body frame (1) respectively.
6. The test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the upper parts of the inner walls of the two long side walls of the main body frame (1) are respectively internally retracted, and steps (11) for placing the two ends of the middle plate (2) and the side plates (31, 32) are formed on the inner walls of the two long side walls.
7. The test device of claim 6, wherein: concrete pads (12) of different thicknesses are padded between the step (11) and the middle plate (2) and the side plates (31, 32), so that the thickness of the distribution layer can be flexibly adjusted.
8. The test device of claim 5, wherein: the side plates (31, 32) are rectangular flat plates, the middle plate (2) comprises two parallel longitudinal beams (21, 22) and two cross beams (23, 24) perpendicular to the longitudinal beams, two ends of each cross beam are respectively connected with the inner sides of the two longitudinal beams, the two longitudinal beams and the two cross beams form a test plate groove (4) for accommodating the test plate (5), flat plates (25, 26) are arranged between the outer side of each cross beam and the inner sides of the two longitudinal beams, the upper surfaces of the flat plates (25, 26) are connected with the bottoms of the cross beams (23, 24) and the two longitudinal beams (21, 22), and the lower edge of the test plate (5) is flush with the upper edges of the flat plates (25, 26).
9. The test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the optical glass baffle (7) comprises optical glass (71), and rubber sealing rings (72) and steel clamping plates (73) are respectively arranged on two sides of the periphery of the optical glass baffle and are fixed by high-strength bolts (74).
10. The test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: lifting hooks for lifting are arranged on the upper parts of the middle plate (2), the side plates (31, 32) and the test plate (5).
11. The test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the two ends of the middle plate (2) and the side plates (31, 32) are connected with the main body frame (1) through bolts (13).
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| CN108761028B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2021-01-05 | 武汉理工大学 | Multifunctional explosion experimental device |
| CN108732047A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-02 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院 | The measuring device and its measurement method of stress wave are fried in a kind of concrete target implosion |
| CN112782010A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Anti-explosion coating test equipment and anti-explosion coating test method |
| CN111458372A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-28 | 上海工程技术大学 | Explosion test box capable of being used for researching anti-explosion performance of plate member |
| CN111947874A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-11-17 | 中山大学 | Surface force effect based beam type member anti-explosion effect test device and method |
| CN111721564A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-29 | 中山大学 | Close-range explosion test platform and method for sunken beam-slab member |
| CN113702214A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-11-26 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 | Test method for one-dimensional stress wave propagation of layered combined material |
| CN114001987B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2024-06-18 | 东南大学 | Vertical observable structural column antiknock test device and test method |
| CN116735388B (en) * | 2023-08-15 | 2024-02-13 | 航天氢能科技有限公司 | System and method for testing anti-explosion performance of hydrogen explosion anti-explosion material |
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| CN103628583B (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2016-04-20 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | A kind of assembling type mobile blast wall |
| CN104458311B (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2017-02-22 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Structural column blast-resistant test device |
| CN204758586U (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-11-11 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部工程兵科研三所 | Indoor explosion test device |
| CN105136421A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-09 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Testing apparatus of dynamic response of filler wall under combustible gas explosion |
| CN205898722U (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2017-01-18 | 华中科技大学 | Explosion testing apparatus |
| CN206627294U (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-11-10 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Multifunctional unit into layered structure blast resistance test device |
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