CN106721674A - A kind of feed of grass carp for adding fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of feed of grass carp for adding fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106721674A CN106721674A CN201710144186.1A CN201710144186A CN106721674A CN 106721674 A CN106721674 A CN 106721674A CN 201710144186 A CN201710144186 A CN 201710144186A CN 106721674 A CN106721674 A CN 106721674A
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- grass carp
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of feed of grass carp for adding fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement and application thereof, the feed of grass carp contains 5~10% fermented silkworms and 20~30% fermentation silkworm excrement；Described fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement are made up of following steps：Take silkworm chrysalis and dregs of beans to mix, silkworm excrement is mixed with peanut press pulp, following step silkworm chrysalis is carried out with separating for silkworm excrement：To microbe inoculation in the material for mixing, and carbon source and inorganic salts are added, 48~72h of fermented and cultured, tunning respectively obtains fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement through drying, crushing.Fermented silkworms contained by feed of grass carp of the present invention can improve the growth performance of grass carp, fermentation silkworm excrement can improve flesh quality and lifting local flavor, beneficial bacterium can reduce the usage amount of fish medicine and antibiotic, increase the economic benefit of raiser, it is positive to promoting the lasting health of grass carp aquaculture, stable development to play the role of.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic feeds field, and in particular to a kind of feed of grass carp, more particularly to a kind of addition fermented silkworms
With the feed of grass carp and application thereof of fermentation silkworm excrement.
Background technology
Grass carp belongs to Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Leuciscinae grass carp category.Grass carp has been commonly called as：Grass carp, oily grass carp, careless grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idellus etc.,
The rivers and lakes of plains region are inhabited, general happiness occupy middle lower floor and many pasture and water regions of offshore of water, is typical phytophage
Fish.Because its growth is rapid, feed resource is wide, is one of four large Chinese carps of CHINESE FRESHWATER cultivation.
Mulberry fish pond is the traditional solid ecological agriculture pattern in Pearl River Delta area, is had a long history and good synthesis
Effect, is described as " model of benign ecological circulation " by UNESCO.The grass carp build cultivated using silkworm and mulberry resource is repaiied
Long, delicious color is fragrant, has established Pearl River Delta area time-honored " fish culture ".But, with over nearly 30 years, economic structure changes
Leather enters modern high density culture pattern, and the lasting dirt with industrial or agricultural to breeding water body with transition, culture fishery
Dye, Pearl River Delta area fish pond generally existing breeding water body bad environments, fishing medicine, antibiotic residue are serious, flesh of fish taste quality and
Situations such as edible safety is reduced.
China is a sericulture big country, and cocoon yield accounts for the 70% of the total cocoon amount in the world.Silkworm chrysalis and silkworm excrement are sericulture theres
Large byproduct, has application value very high in aquatic feeds.Silkworm chrysalis contains protein higher in itself, and content is
50-65%, its amino acid content is respectively：Lysine 3.03%, tryptophan 0.68%, methionine 1.6%, cystine
3.31%, all other composition is suitable with fish meal, and also containing some active components, and silkworm chrysalis price is far below fish meal.
Silkworm excrement is to eat the material compositions such as surplus residual leaf, silkworm faeces grain, silkworm rearing bed bedding and padding and silkworm body and seat sterilization medicinal powder by silkworm, is contained
Abundant nutriment, there is crude protein, crude fat, solvable nitrogen-free thing, crude fibre, coarse ash, carrotene, chlorophyll and pectin
Deng, wherein the content of thick protein be higher than rice bran and green grass.Silkworm chrysalis and silkworm excrement be all nutrition it is good and with functional animal raise
Material raw material.
Utilization of the people to silkworm chrysalis and silkworm excrement in the past is more extensive, directly knocks down fish pond and feeds fish, but silkworm chrysalis has pupa stink, no
Beneficial to animal ingestion, can also be accumulated in trunk, influence meat flavor mouthfeel.Silkworm chrysalis shell is difficult to be digested absorption, contains change
Answer the anti-nutrition components such as original.Some communicable pathogens and disinfectant etc. are also carried in silkworm excrement.
Therefore, the innoxious and recycling of silkworm chrysalis and silkworm excrement in aquatic feeds, it is necessary to by the fermentation of microorganism
Treatment lifts the quality for cultivating grass carp by adding the ecological feed of fermented silkworms and silkworm excrement to eliminate its unfavorable composition,
Safety is provided for consumers in general, the aquatic products of high-quality have positive facilitation.
The content of the invention
In order to solve, current culture fishery is low to silkworm chrysalis and silkworm excrement utilization rate, occupation mode is incorrect, utilizing status are poor
Defect, primary and foremost purpose of the invention be provide it is a kind of add fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement feed of grass carp, the feed product
Matter is good, free from extraneous odour, have sour fragrance, attractant good, protein absorption easy to digest, is of high nutritive value, and disease-resistant growth-promoting effect is good, tool
There is the good action for improving grass carp meat and lifting local flavor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide application of the above-mentioned feed of grass carp in aquaculture.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of feed of grass carp, the fermentation silkworm excrement containing 5~10% fermented silkworms and 20~30%；Described percentage is
Raw material accounts for the percentage of feed of grass carp gross mass；
Described fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement are made up of following steps：Silkworm chrysalis is taken with dregs of beans mixing, silkworm excrement and peanut press pulp
Mix, following step silkworm chrysalis is carried out with separating for silkworm excrement：To microbe inoculation in the material for mixing, and add carbon source and nothing
Machine salt, 48~72h of fermented and cultured, tunning respectively obtains fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement through drying, crushing；
Fermented and cultured process is solid step fermentation, microorganism fungus kind with aerobic, the facultative aerobic sequential fermentation to anaerobism,
Temperature keeps constant when 50 DEG C or so are constantly increased to from room temperature, until about needing 48-72h when temperature begins to decline, so far ferments
Culture is finished, and period is not required to adjust fermentation materials pH value.
In above-mentioned step, after silkworm chrysalis, dregs of beans and silkworm excrement, peanut press pulp are processed through microbial fermentation, in eliminating silkworm chrysalis
Peculiar smell, silkworm excrement in ANFs in harmful substance and dregs of beans, peanut press pulp, wherein high molecular weight protein obtained effective drop
Solution, the protein absorption easy to digest of acquisition, fermentation materials have sour fragrance, and phagostimulating effect is good；Containing big in product after fermentation
The beneficial bacterium of amount, can significantly increase the immunocompetence of cultured fishes, can reduce dosage, improve the economic benefit of raiser.
In above-mentioned steps, the mass ratio preferably 1 of silkworm chrysalis and dregs of beans:1, the mass ratio preferably 7 of silkworm excrement and peanut press pulp:3；
The mixed bacteria liquid of the preferred bacillus subtilis of described microorganism, Bacillus acidi lactici and saccharomycete, inoculum concentration accounts for silkworm chrysalis
With the 2~4% of dregs of beans mixture, silkworm excrement and peanut press pulp mixture gross mass；
In described mixed bacteria liquid, the concentration preferably 1 × 10 of every kind of bacterium8~1 × 1010CFU/ml；
The preferred molasses of described carbon source, its addition accounts for silkworm chrysalis and dregs of beans mixture, silkworm excrement and the total matter of peanut press pulp mixture
Amount 1~3%；
The preferred K of described inorganic salts2HPO4, it is total with dregs of beans mixture, silkworm excrement and peanut press pulp mixture that its addition accounts for silkworm chrysalis
Quality 0.1~0.2%.
Preferably, above-mentioned feed of grass carp is made up of the raw material of following mass percent：
Fermented silkworms 5~10%, fermentation silkworm excrement 20~30%, wheat flour 20~30%, dregs of beans 10-20%, rapeseed meal 10-
20%th, beautiful chaff 5-10%, malt root 5-10%, soya-bean oil 2~3%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2~3%, choline 2~3%, grass carp premix
Material 1~2%；
It is further preferred that above-mentioned feed of grass carp is made up of the raw material of following mass percent：
Fermented silkworms 5%, fermentation silkworm excrement 24%, wheat flour 20%, dregs of beans 15%, rapeseed meal 15%, beautiful chaff 5%, malt root
7%th, soya-bean oil 2%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, choline 3%, soya-bean oil 1%, grass carp premix 1%.
Above-mentioned feed of grass carp, its production is according to this area routine expanded feeds of aquaculture processing method.Production cost
The easy reliability of low, production technology, is highly suitable for large-scale production.
Above-mentioned feed of grass carp is fed during fish pond can be manually or mechanically direct plungeed into when using；Product has swimming property,
It is difficult to leach in pond, sinks, be conducive to fish to search for food, improves the utilization rate of feed.
Feed of grass carp of the invention can be applied in aquaculture field.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect relative to prior art：
(1) grass carp is used as one of large Chinese carp of China four, and its cultured area is maximum, but recently as culture environment of aquatic products
Deteriorate, the use of a large amount of fishing medicines and antibiotic, make flesh of fish taste quality and edible safety reduction.Therefore, in order to improve cultivation
Level, lifts cultured fishes quality, reduces aquaculture cost, and the silkworm that fermented silkworms and silkworm excrement make is added the invention provides a kind of
Mulberry ecological feed, contained fermented silkworms can improve the growth performance of grass carp in the product, and fermentation silkworm excrement can improve flesh quality
With lifting local flavor, beneficial bacterium can reduce the usage amount of fish medicine and antibiotic, increase the economic benefit of raiser, to promoting grass carp to support
Grow industry it is lasting health, stable development play the role of it is positive.
(2) fermentation process that silkworm chrysalis and silkworm excrement are passed through microorganism by the present invention, can not only eliminate silkworm chrysalis stink, silkworm excrement residual
Stay thing, degraded puparium chitin and allergen, moreover it is possible to produce some there is functional secondary metabolite, and remain a large amount of
Beneficial viable bacteria, can improve cultivation water, improve cultured fishes premunition.
(3) the raw material dregs of beans and peanut press pulp in ecological feed of the present invention through microbial fermentation process after, eliminate dregs of beans and
ANFs in peanut press pulp, wherein high molecular weight protein have obtained effective degraded, the protein absorption easy to digest obtained by degraded,
And with the sour fragrance of fermentation, phagostimulating effect is good.
(4) after fermenting raw materials silkworm chrysalis, dregs of beans and silkworm excrement, peanut press pulp mixed fermentation in the present invention, its nutrition and digestion profit
It is obviously improved with rate, and amino acid balance, nutritious, and the immunity of cultured fishes can be significantly increased, reduces medicine
Usage amount, is conducive to safety, the production of high-quality aquatic products.
(5) present invention carries out the development and exploitation of silkworm and mulberry ecology feed of grass carp using fermented silkworms and silkworm excrement, is grass carp life
The need for state, healthy aquaculture industry develop, have a extensive future.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of silkworm and mulberry ecology feed of grass carp for adding fermented silkworms and silkworm excrement, is made up of the raw material of following mass percent：
Fermented silkworms 5%, fermentation silkworm excrement 24%, wheat flour 20%, dregs of beans 15%, rapeseed meal 15%, beautiful chaff 5%, malt root 7%, soya-bean oil
2%th, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, choline 3%, soya-bean oil 1%, grass carp premix 1%.
Wherein grass carp premix is purchased from Gao Xin feed corporation,Ltds of Gaoyao City of Guangdong Province.
Described fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement are made up of following steps：Silkworm chrysalis is taken with dregs of beans mixing, silkworm excrement and peanut press pulp
Mix, following step silkworm chrysalis is carried out with separating for silkworm excrement：To microbe inoculation in the material for mixing, and add carbon source and nothing
Machine salt, 48~72h of fermented and cultured, tunning respectively obtains fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement through drying, crushing；
Silkworm chrysalis is 1 with the mass ratio of dregs of beans:1, silkworm excrement is 7 with the mass ratio of peanut press pulp:3；
Microorganism is the mixed bacteria liquid containing bacillus subtilis, Bacillus acidi lactici and saccharomycete, and the inoculum concentration of microorganism is accounted for
Silkworm chrysalis and dregs of beans or silkworm excrement and the 2% of peanut press pulp gross mass.
The microorganism is the strain commonly used in fermented feed, wherein the bacillus subtilis for containing, Bacillus acidi lactici and ferment
The all preservations of this research of female bacterium, domestic regular such as Guangdong Microbes Inst DSMZ of DSMZ has
Sell.
The concentration of every kind of bacterium is 1 × 10 in mixed bacteria liquid8CFU/mL。
Carbon source is molasses, and its addition accounts for silkworm chrysalis with dregs of beans or silkworm excrement and the 1% of peanut press pulp gross mass.
Inorganic salts are K2HPO4, its addition accounts for the 0.2% of silkworm chrysalis and dregs of beans or silkworm excrement and peanut press pulp gross mass.
The preparation method of the silkworm and mulberry ecology feed of grass carp of the addition fermented silkworms and silkworm excrement is as follows：Taken respectively by above-mentioned mass ratio
Raw material, feed of swimming is made according to this area routine expanded feeds of aquaculture processing method, obtains final product addition fermented silkworms and silkworm excrement
Silkworm and mulberry ecology feed of grass carp.
Embodiment 2
Experimental design：2 groups of experiment point control and experiment, control group：" grass carp coordinates feeding certain brand on the market
Feed ", test group：Silkworm and mulberry ecology feed of grass carp in feeding embodiment 1, every group sets 3 repetitions, and each repeats 50 tail fishes, often
Group amounts to 150 tails.
Test material：Silkworm and mulberry ecology feed of grass carp in embodiment 1；
Experimental animal：Grass carp (weighs about 500 grams or so), is provided by Foshan City Gaoming District Yaunghe Town gold peak aquatic farm
(needing 300 tails altogether).
Test site：Shunde District of Foshan City Feng Xin biotechnologys Science and Technology Ltd. aquatic farm, needs pond net box 2 altogether
(× 3)=6.
Test method：Test fish is temporarily supported 7 days, after environment is adapted to, is grouped random being put into and is placed with the two of net cage in advance
In individual pond, every morning 8：00 and afternoon 17:00 by fish body weight each bait throwing in of 8-10% 1 time, according to Changes in weather and fish
Feeding situation suitably adjusts daily ration, feeding quantity.7 days preliminary trial periods, 60 days formal phases.
During off-test, control group and test group carry out grab sample respectively, and the meat to cultivating grass carp is detected
Analysis.
Test period：15 days-the August of June in 2016 15 days
Result of the test：It is shown in Table 1, table 2 and table 3.
Fat content during test group is oppressed can be seen that by detection data in table 1-3 and reduce half compared with control group, and mainly
Delicate flavour material inosinicacid, and taste compound aspartic acid in amino acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, tyrosine,
Phenylalanine is significantly improved compared with control group, and the essential fatty acid content such as ARA, DHA in aliphatic acid is also bright compared with control group
Aobvious lifting.
Simultaneously find, using silkworm and mulberry ecology feed of grass carp cultivate pool water quality be improved significantly, grass carp more be good for
Kang Shengchang.
Result above shows that silkworm and mulberry ecology feed of grass carp of the invention is improving meat and improving effect on Meat Flavor
Fruit significantly, meets the diet theory of modern's high-quality health, has broad application prospects.
Influence of the silkworm and mulberry of the table 1 ecology feed of grass carp to grass carp muscle conventional nutrient component
The influence that the silkworm and mulberry of table 2 ecology feed of grass carp is constituted to grass carp muscle fatty acid
Influence of the silkworm and mulberry of the table 3 ecology feed of grass carp to grass carp muscle amino acid composition and inosine acid content
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably implementation method, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from Spirit Essence of the invention and the change, modification, replacement made under principle, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of feed of grass carp, it is characterised in that the fermentation silkworm excrement containing 5~10% fermented silkworms and 20~30%；Described
Percentage is the percentage that raw material accounts for feed of grass carp gross mass；
Described fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement are made up of following steps：Take silkworm chrysalis to be mixed with dregs of beans, silkworm excrement is mixed with peanut press pulp,
Following step silkworm chrysalis is carried out with separating for silkworm excrement：To microbe inoculation in the material for mixing, and carbon source and inorganic salts are added,
48~72h of fermented and cultured, tunning respectively obtains fermented silkworms and fermentation silkworm excrement through drying, crushing.
2. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described microorganism is bacillus subtilis, lactic acid
Bacillus and the mixed bacteria liquid of saccharomycete, inoculum concentration account for silkworm chrysalis and dregs of beans mixture, silkworm excrement and peanut press pulp mixture gross mass 2~
4%.
3. feed of grass carp according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In described mixed bacteria liquid, the concentration of every kind of bacterium is 1
×108~1 × 1010CFU/ml。
4. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The silkworm chrysalis is 1 with the mass ratio of dregs of beans:1, silkworm excrement
It is 7 with the mass ratio of peanut press pulp:3.
5. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described carbon source is molasses, and its addition accounts for silkworm chrysalis
With dregs of beans mixture, silkworm excrement and peanut press pulp mixture gross mass 1~3%.
6. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described inorganic salts are K2HPO4, its addition accounts for silkworm
Pupa and dregs of beans mixture, silkworm excrement and peanut press pulp mixture gross mass 0.1~0.2%.
7. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following mass percent：
Fermented silkworms 5~10%, fermentation silkworm excrement 20~30%, wheat flour 20~30%, dregs of beans 10-20%, rapeseed meal 10-20%,
Beautiful chaff 5-10%, malt root 5-10%, soya-bean oil 2~3%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2~3%, choline 2~3%, grass carp premix 1~
2%.
8. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following mass percent：
Fermented silkworms 5%, fermentation silkworm excrement 24%, wheat flour 20%, dregs of beans 15%, rapeseed meal 15%, beautiful chaff 5%, malt root 7%,
Soya-bean oil 2%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, choline 3%, soya-bean oil 1%, grass carp premix 1%.
9. application of the feed of grass carp described in any one of claim 1-8 in aquaculture.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN109463573A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-15 | 陈世忠 | It is the analysis of Cromileptes altivelis mixed feed of raw material based on golden cicada |
| CN110876425A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-13 | 韦欢 | Silkworm excrement goat feed utilization technology |
| CN110876433A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-13 | 韦欢 | Silkworm excrement grass carp feed utilization technology |
| CN111374241A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-07-07 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Compound feed for improving flavor and meat quality of grass carp by using fermented silkworm excrement |
| CN113024023A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-25 | 广西迎春丝绸有限公司 | Treatment method of silk production wastewater |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110876425A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-13 | 韦欢 | Silkworm excrement goat feed utilization technology |
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| CN111374241A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-07-07 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Compound feed for improving flavor and meat quality of grass carp by using fermented silkworm excrement |
| CN113024023A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-25 | 广西迎春丝绸有限公司 | Treatment method of silk production wastewater |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |