CN106717997A - Promote the bletilla striata stem tuber cultural method for expanding and the bletilla striata stem tuber cultivated by it - Google Patents
Promote the bletilla striata stem tuber cultural method for expanding and the bletilla striata stem tuber cultivated by it Download PDFInfo
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- CN106717997A CN106717997A CN201710059907.9A CN201710059907A CN106717997A CN 106717997 A CN106717997 A CN 106717997A CN 201710059907 A CN201710059907 A CN 201710059907A CN 106717997 A CN106717997 A CN 106717997A
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- stem tuber
- bletilla striata
- fertilizer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The bletilla striata stem tuber cultivated the present invention relates to the cultural method for promoting bletilla striata stem tuber to expand and by it, belong to bletilla striata field of planting, set by the draining bottom of at least one preparation in stone and river sand in ditch is planted, and set on draining bottom and include the first screen frame, the supporting part of the second screen frame and the first screen frame of connection and the second screen frame and be folded with the isolation implant frame of the first reverse osmosis membrane and the second reverse osmosis membrane, accumulation has with every mu and as the soil of standard and forms plantation ridge using 500kg 800kg base manure in the accumulation chamber of the first screen frame；The sowing stem block of at least 2 eyes of band is soaked in and contains the KH that mass percent is 3% 4%2PO4, the KNO that the sodium molybdate that mass percent is 1.5% 3% and mass percent are 3% 4%3In at least one stem tuber pretreating agent in after 30h 36h, sowing, field management are simultaneously harvested, and the method is effectively prevented from nutrient loss in soil, promote stem tuber to expand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bletilla striata field of planting, and more particularly to a kind of promote the cultural method that expands of bletilla striata stem tuber and by it
The bletilla striata stem tuber for cultivating.
Background technology
The bletilla striata (scientific name：Bletilla striata), also known as Lian Jicao, Gan Gen, give free of charge, Zhu Lan etc., be a kind of perennial
Draft bulbous plant, with medical values such as good hemostasis, protection stomach lining, antibacterial, anticancer, radioresistances.But, with white
The dosage of splendid achnatherum is increased, and wild bletilla striata resource is drastically reduced, and adds the excessive excavation of people, predatory random Mining so that wild
The raw bletilla striata is very few, thus has to using the bletilla striata is changed into artificial domesticating cultivation from wild, using conventional cultivation method,
The bletilla striata of plantation is often that the aerial part plant strain growth of the bletilla striata is luxuriant, and growing way is very strong, but the underground stem tuber portion for being used as medicine
Divide but growing way very poor, be generally all this side by the way of a large amount of fertilizer are applied to strengthen the growing way of underground stem tuber part
Formula can to a certain extent promote expanding for bletilla striata stem tuber, but but cause the amount of application of fertilizer big, increased production into
This, while also result in unnecessary fertilizer being enriched with soil；And, make the stem tuber of the bletilla striata swollen by using substantial amounts of fertilizer
Greatly, the weight of bletilla striata stem tuber be increased really, but its drug effect is but reduced, and not make bletilla striata stem tuber from substantially achieving
The meaning expanded.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method for promoting bletilla striata stem tuber to expand, it can avoid nutrient in soil
The phenomenon reduced with the loss of moisture in earth, you can sent out with the growth for promoting the bletilla striata in the case where a small amount of fertilizer is applied
Educate, expanding for the stem tuber of the promotion bletilla striata lifts per mu yield.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bletilla striata stem tuber, it is that promotion bletilla striata stem tuber provided by the present invention is swollen
Big cultivation method and obtain, its single bletilla striata stem tuber head is larger, heavier-weight, thus the bletilla striata stem tuber per mu yield for obtaining compared with
It is high.
The present invention is solved its technical problem and is realized using following technical scheme.
A kind of cultural method for promoting bletilla striata stem tuber to expand, comprises the following steps：
Site preparation：Arable land is turned over, plantation ditch is dug out, draining bottom, the raw material of draining bottom are laid in the bottom of plantation ditch
Selected from least one in stone and river sand, isolation implant frame is set in draining bottom, isolation implant frame includes the first screen frame, the
The supporting part of two screen frames and the first screen frame of connection and the second screen frame, forms passage, supporting part between the first screen frame and the second screen frame
First passage and second channel are divided the channel into, the first reverse osmosis membrane is equipped with first passage, is equipped with second channel
Two reverse osmosis membranes, the first screen frame forms the accumulation chamber for ridging away from the side of the second screen frame, and soil is piled up in piling up in chamber
And plantation ridge is formed, with every mu of 500kg-800kg standard to plantation ridge basal dressing；
Cultivation：Select the bletilla striata stem tuber with eye and carry out cutting, obtain, containing at least 2 sowing stem tubers of eye, to broadcast
Plant stem tuber and be soaked in 30h-36h in stem tuber pretreating agent, obtain pre-processing stem tuber, pretreatment stem tuber is planted in plantation ridge, block
It is the KH of 3%-4% that stem pretreating agent is selected from mass percent2PO4Solution, mass percent are molten for the sodium molybdate of 1.5%-3%
Liquid and mass percent are the KNO of 3%-4%3At least one in solution；
Field management：After pretreatment stem tuber is emerged to being topdressed at least one times and weeding at least one times before maturation, into
Harvested after ripe.
A kind of bletilla striata stem tuber, the cultivation method expanded by above-mentioned promotion bletilla striata stem tuber.
Cultural method that the promotion bletilla striata stem tuber of the embodiment of the present invention expands and by the beneficial of its bletilla striata stem tuber for cultivating
Effect is：The nutriment that the cultural method that the promotion bletilla striata stem tuber expands is avoided in soil is with the stream of the moisture in soil
The phenomenon lost and reduce, can be in the case where rate of fertilizer be reduced, it is ensured that the bletilla striata has foot all the time during growth
Enough nutrients can absorb, and growth for its stem tuber, expand, and so as to promote expanding for bletilla striata stem tuber, improve bletilla striata block
The per mu yield of stem, so as to improve the economic benefit of bletilla striata cultivation.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be attached to what is used needed for embodiment
Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, thus be not construed as it is right
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to this
A little accompanying drawings obtain other related accompanying drawings.
The sectional view of the isolation implant frame that Fig. 1 is provided for the present invention.
Icon：100- isolation implant frames；The screen frames of 110- first；The screen frames of 115- second；211- supporting parts；The reverse osmosis of 117- first
Permeable membrane；The reverse osmosis membranes of 213- second；200- passages；119- first passages；210- second channels；113a- is open；111a- lids；
113b- is open；111b- lids.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.Unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer in embodiment
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are the conventional product that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
In the description of the invention, in addition it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " setting ",
" connection " etc. should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can be with
It is to mechanically connect, or electrically connect；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two
The connection of individual element internal.For the ordinary skill in the art, with concrete condition above-mentioned term can be understood in this hair
Concrete meaning in bright.
The cultural method for being expanded to the promotion bletilla striata stem tuber of the embodiment of the present invention below and the bletilla striata stem tuber cultivated by it
It is specifically described.
A kind of cultural method for promoting bletilla striata stem tuber to expand provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it first passes through site preparation, in arable land
Dig and plant ditch, and lay draining bottom, isolation implant frame 100, the soil for being mixed with base manure is piled up in isolation implant frame 100
Earth；Then the sowing stem tuber containing at least 2 eyes that will be segmented is put into stem tuber pretreating agent and soaks 30h-36h, obtains
Pretreatment stem tuber, and pretreatment stem tuber is planted in the above-mentioned soil for being mixed with base manure；Finally, emerged in pretreatment stem tuber
The field management extremely topdressed with weeding before maturation afterwards, until cultivating bletilla striata stem tuber.
Specifically, the cultural method that above-mentioned promotion bletilla striata stem tuber expands, including：
S1 site preparations：
The soil that bletilla striata cultivation will be carried out is selected first, then carrying out arable land to the soil chosen again turns over,
Specifically, in the selection in soil of the present invention preferred soil have that ground is shallower, soil is more fertile, the advantage such as close to water source,
The management work of planting process can be facilitated.
And plantation ditch is dug out on arable land, draining bottom is laid in the bottom of trench of each plantation ditch, further, plantation ditch
Depending on specific size of the quantity according to the soil of selection, and furrow width 50cm-80cm, the ditch depth 40cm-80cm of each plantation ditch；It is excellent
Selection of land, is arranged in parallel between each plantation ditch, and the interval 25cm-35cm between ditch and ditch, parallel arrangement mode
Be easy to follow-up plantation, topdress, the carrying out of the operation of weeding.
Specifically, the depth of above-mentioned draining bottom is 10cm-20cm, and the raw material of draining bottom are selected from stone and river
At least one in sand.The setting of draining bottom can be effectively prevented from during the plantation bletilla striata that ponding cannot be timely in soil
The situation of discharge, it is to avoid ponding causes rotten etc..The height of plantation ridge is 10cm-15cm, it is ensured that the soil of plantation ridge enough will
The bletilla striata coats and can keep enough water and nutrient is left the bletilla striata for and grown.Drip irrigation pipe is additionally provided with plantation ridge,
The drip irrigation pipe apart from plantation ridge surface 3cm-5cm, in the course of cultivation in addition to being irrigated using drip irrigation pipe, can be with profit
Applied fertilizer with drip irrigation pipe, allow fertilizer to be directly entered soil, the absorption beneficial to bletilla striata root to fertilizer.Drip irrigation pipe is given birth to apart from the bletilla striata
Position long is nearer, the absorption beneficial to the bletilla striata to nutrient.
It is provided for preventing the isolation implant frame 100 of nutrient loss on draining bottom, as shown in figure 1, isolation implant frame
100 supporting parts 211 for including the first screen frame 110, the second screen frame 115 and the first screen frame 110 of connection and the second screen frame 115, first
Passage 200 is formed between the screen frame 115 of screen frame 110 and second, 200 points by the passage of above-mentioned supporting part 211 has been first passage
119 and second channel 210, the first reverse osmosis membrane 117, and first passage 119 are equipped with away from draining bottom in first passage 119
One end be provided with opening 113a, the lid 111a for being opened and closed opening 113a is provided with the 113a of the opening, by the opening
113a can be changed to the first reverse osmosis membrane 117 in first passage 119, it is to avoid the long-term reverse osmosis membrane that is changed without causes filter
Water hydraulic performance decline, soil ponding is serious, causes rotten of the bletilla striata, influences the growth of the bletilla striata；It is anti-second to be equipped with second channel 210
Permeable membrane 213, and second channel 210 has the structurally and functionally consistent opening 113b and lid 111b with first passage 119,
Concrete structure and function are referred to first passage 119.It should be noted that the first screen frame 110 is away from the one of the first screen frame 110
Side forms the accumulation chamber for ridging, and above-mentioned plantation ridge is that soil is deposited in formation in accumulation chamber.Need further to illustrate
, the replacing of reverse osmosis membrane can be with replacing in every 6 months to every 8 months once.It should be further stated that, to the first screen frame
110 and second the making raw material of screen frame 115 have no particular limits, for example：The separation net of the making such as wire netting, ABS plastic.
First reverse osmosis membrane 117 and the second reverse osmosis membrane 213 are a kind of reverse osmosis membranes, for example：Cellulose acetate film and poly-
Acid amides film, reverse osmosis membrane can make the water in the soil above isolation implant frame 100, moisture is accumulated not in soil, it is to avoid
Excess moisture in plantation ridge causes rotten of bletilla striata etc.；Meanwhile, reverse osmosis membrane can only allow water to pass through again, and what is be dissolved in the water is various
Nutriment will not pass through reverse osmosis membrane, but in the soil stayed in above isolation implant frame 100, so that being mounted with
The isolation implant frame 100 is cultivated again, it is possible to reduce the amount of application of fertilizer, the bletilla striata can be promoted to absorb nutrient again and expand stem tuber.
Opening 113a and opening 113b facilitates the replacing to the first reverse osmosis membrane 117 and the second reverse osmosis membrane 213, and sets
Twin-channel form of first passage 119 and second channel 210 is set to, further improve replacing reverse osmosis membrane facilitates journey
Degree.The setting of lid 111a and lid 111b can be effectively prevented from the impurity such as soil, fertilizer into passage 200, blocking channel
200, hinder the replacing to reverse osmosis membrane.
Zinc fractions plantation ridge is piled up in isolation implant frame 100.Base manure, base manure are mixed with the soil for inserting accumulation chamber
Amount of application standard be every mu of 500kg-800kg.Wherein base manure include fertilizer and additive, fertilizer be selected from compost, family's animal manure and
At least one in barnyard manure, additive is selected from least one in perlite and vermiculite.The effect of base manure is added in soil is
For the growth of bletilla striata stem tuber provides required nutrient, for example：Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.Addition perlite can further lift soil
The ventilative performance of the draining of earth, does not allow soil hardening, it is to avoid soil ponding causes the tuber growth of the bletilla striata bad or even addles；
Vermiculite can play the effects such as fertilizer conservation, water conservation, ventilative and mineral fertilizer in soil, and fertilizer can be made slowly to release in soil
Put, both ensure that the bletilla striata can be absorbed to enough fertilizer for growing, turn avoid excessive fertilizer and damaged to the bletilla striata.
S2 is cultivated：
Before the bletilla striata is planted, first can plough again on set up planting greenhouse, planting greenhouse internal frame be provided with sprayer unit and plus
Thermal.Above-mentioned heater can be plastic greenhouse heating heater, industrial combustion gas warm-air drier etc.；Sprayer unit can be selected
Atomizing humidifier.
When the humidity of bletilla striata growing environment is higher, be conducive to growing for the bletilla striata, so when the humidity of planting greenhouse is low
When 50%, you can improve the humidity in planting greenhouse using sprayer unit, the humidity of planting greenhouse is maintained at 50%-
70%, be conducive to the more luxuriant of bletilla striata growth.
When the bletilla striata grows, when the environment temperature inside planting greenhouse is less than 15 DEG C, it is possible to use heater is to plantation
Environment inside greenhouse heats up, and makes the temperature in planting greenhouse more than or equal to 15 DEG C, the bletilla striata is accelerated at a suitable temperature
Growth.When the temperature of planting greenhouse is when being higher than 30 DEG C daytime, using sprayer unit come to the environment temperature inside planting greenhouse
Lowered the temperature, it is to avoid too high environment temperature suppresses the growth of the bletilla striata.
In the high temperature season such as summer or season in early autumn, the environment temperature in night planting greenhouse is also higher, utilizes
Sprayer unit is lowered the temperature to the internal environment of planting greenhouse, makes the interior environment temperature of planting greenhouse at night no more than 20 DEG C, drop
The respiration of the low bletilla striata, it is to avoid the bletilla striata lifts the accumulation of the organic matter of the bletilla striata because respiration consumes substantial amounts of organic matter
Amount, so as to also just promote the accumulation of the organic matter of bletilla striata stem tuber, that is, promotes expanding for bletilla striata stem tuber.
Sprayer unit can also avoid antecedent soil moisture in addition to it can ensure the growing space of moistening, reduce what is irrigated
Frequency, improves the efficiency of field management.
Pick out the bletilla striata stem tuber with eye and carry out cutting, obtain containing at least 2 sowing stem tubers of eye, by seed spot
Stem is soaked in 30h-36h in stem tuber pretreating agent, obtains pre-processing stem tuber, and above-mentioned stem tuber pretreating agent is selected from mass percent
It is the KH of 3%-4%2PO4Solution, mass percent are 3%-4%'s for the sodium molybdate solution and mass percent of 1.5%-3%
KNO3At least one in solution.
Sowing stem tuber is pre-processed before planting, can be soaked by with stem tuber pretreating agent before sowing stem tuber plantation
Bubble, sowing stem tuber is immersed by potassium, nitrogen, molybdenum element in advance, promotes taking root, germinateing for bletilla striata stem tuber, improves the growing way of the bletilla striata, and
Be conducive to expanding for bletilla striata stem tuber.Wherein, KH is used2PO4, sodium molybdate, KNO3Solution processes sowing stem tuber simultaneously, and molybdenum element can be with
Promote the bletilla striata to phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen absorption；The synthesis and accumulation of the materials such as sugar and protein can be promoted；Can also go out
The activity of chlorophyll is improved after bud, photosynthesis is improved, promotes the accumulation of bletilla striata organic matter.A series of above-mentioned effects can be with
The stem tuber for being effectively promoted the bletilla striata expands.
Before plantation pretreatment stem tuber, can also carry out disinfection treatment to pretreatment stem tuber, and this is disinfected can use matter
Amount percentage is 4% sodium chloride immersion 20min-30min, it is also possible to soaked with the NaOH solution that mass percent is 2%
10min-20min, similar disinfecting is also a lot, does not remake repeat herein.The effect disinfected is in order to avoid white
Splendid achnatherum is subject to fungi, bacteriosis etc. in growth.
Pretreatment stem tuber is planted in the implantation methods in plantation ridge, being used to dig cave cultivation, the depth in each cave is
10cm-13cm, between each cave at intervals of 23cm-25cm, put in each cave 2-3 pretreatment stem tuber, and will pretreatment
The eye of stem tuber is placed towards pocket.After cultivation, covering is mixed with the soil of base manure, and blinding is concordant with groove face, and pours a water.
The depth in cave be difficult it is too deep, in order to avoid be unfavorable for that pre-processing stem tuber sprouts；Spacing between cave and cave be difficult it is too small,
Avoid the mutual extruding after the tuber character of the bletilla striata, be unfavorable for expanding；The quantity of the pretreatment stem tuber in each cave was difficult
It is many, in case growth nutrient competes too fierce, can not be good growth between pretreatment stem tuber.
S3 field management：
Pretreatment stem tuber emerge after to maturation before topdressed and weeding.Topdressing can make the whole growth in the bletilla striata all
Interim, growing way is more prosperous, and photosynthesis is stronger；Weeding is it is possible to prevente effectively from order to weeds and the bletilla striata fight for nutrient, promote the bletilla striata
What is grown is more vigorous.
Topdressing can once be topdressed after the bletilla striata emerges every 30d-45d, and the rate of fertilizer for topdressing is every
Mu 20kg-30kg.
It should be noted that the bletilla striata be perennial plant, the expanding stage of its stem tuber in annual July to September, in expanding stage
When it is particularly important to topdressing for the bletilla striata, so in the expanding stage of the stem tuber of the bletilla striata, should also be every on the basis of script topdresses
Fertilizer is expanded every 45d days addition stem tubers, and amount of application is every mu of 30kg-50kg.
Above-mentioned topdressing can for example include weight ratio for 30-40：5-10：5-10：5-10：1-3：3-5：The fermentation dish of 3-5
Seedcake, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer；Above-mentioned stem tuber expands fertilizer includes that weight ratio is 30-40：10-20：
8-15：5-10：1-3：3-5：The fermentating rapeseed cake of 3-5, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer.I.e. in bletilla striata stem tuber
Expanding stage when the appropriate consumption for increasing nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, can effectively lift the effect that bletilla striata stem tuber expands.
, it is necessary to carry out multiple weeding operation to the arable land of the bletilla striata in the whole growth cycle of the bletilla striata.Need explanation
It is that above-mentioned weeding operation is preferably sent out using weeding by machine, i.e., carries out weeding by artificial, and the weeds that will be removed are on the spot
Bury, allow weeds to be changed into humus in arable land, the further growth to the bletilla striata provides nutrient, makes the bletilla striata more fully
Growth, stem tuber further expands.Meanwhile, for not using chemical herbicide, it is to avoid the exceeded feelings of the residues of pesticides of the bletilla striata
Condition.
It should be noted that such as the weather of the quick-fried Sai of sunlight strong during planting, to be laid on planting greenhouse in time
Sunshade net.
The cultural method for being expanded to promotion bletilla striata stem tuber of the invention with reference to embodiments and the bletilla striata cultivated by it
Stem tuber is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
In March, turned on one block of more smooth soil, and dug out 50cm wide, the plantation ditch of deep 80cm, each plantation
The interval width of ditch is 25cm, and the draining bottom of stone and the river sand mixing of thick 20cm is spread in the bottom of plantation ditch, and will row
The surface dressing of water-bed layer is smooth, and the sandwiched isolation implant frame 100 of reverse osmosis membrane is laid in the top of draining bottom, and every
The plantation ridge for being mixed with the soil of compost and perlite and forming 10cm high is piled up in the accumulation chamber of planting frame 100, compost
Amount of application standard is every mu and applies 500kg, while burying drip irrigation pipe in the position of the surface 3cm apart from plantation ridge.On arable land
Planting greenhouse is additionally provided with, and atomizing humidifier and plastic greenhouse heating heater are set in planting greenhouse.
Will be singled out the bletilla striata stem tuber with eye carries out cutting, obtains containing 2 sowing stem tubers of eye, by seed spot
Stem is soaked in and contains the KH that mass percent is 3%2PO4, the sodium molybdate that mass percent is 1.5% and mass percent be 3%
KNO3Stem tuber pretreating agent in after 36h, place into the sodium chloride immersion 20min that mass percent is 4%, take out pretreatment
Stem tuber is sowed.
The kind plant hole that depth is 10cm is dug out in plantation ridge, each spacing distance for planting plant hole is 23cm, each plantation
2 pretreatment stem tubers are placed in cave, and makes the eye of pretreatment stem tuber towards placement outside kind of plant hole, earthing, drip irrigation pipe is watered.
During planting, it is 50% that the humidity in planting greenhouse is kept with atomizing humidifier, and at night, works as plantation
When the interior environment temperature of greenhouse is higher than 20 DEG C, the interior environment temperature that planting greenhouse is made using atomizing humidifier is being 20 DEG C；
On the daytime of the high temperature seasons such as summer, with atomizing humidifier to the internal cooling of planting greenhouse, make my inner loop of planting greenhouse
Border temperature is less than 30 DEG C.It is higher than in temperature of the low temperature season using plastic greenhouse heating heater holding planting greenhouse during the day
15℃.Such as the weather of the quick-fried Sai of sunlight strong, sunshade net is laid on planting greenhouse in time.During plantation every 8 months more
Change first reverse osmosis membrane 117 and the second reverse osmosis membrane 213.
Topdressed after the bletilla striata emerges, the interval time topdressed is 45d, and the amount of application standard topdressed every time is every mu
20kg, fermentating rapeseed cake, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, the weight ratio of boron fertilizer are 40 in the fertilizer for topdressing:10:10:
10:3:5:5。
July to September is the expanding stage of bletilla striata stem tuber, is now processed outside normal topdressing, and also to apply once block every 45d
Stem expands fertile 50kg, and stem tuber expands fermentating rapeseed cake in fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, the weight ratio of boron fertilizer and is
40：20：15：10：3：5：5.
Multiple weeding by machine is carried out during the bletilla striata is cultivated, and by the direct emergency burial of weeds.
Plant and start to harvest bletilla striata stem tuber by September, the 3rd.
Embodiment 2
In April, turned on one block of more smooth soil, and dug out 80cm wide, the plantation ditch of deep 40cm, each plantation
The interval width of ditch is 35cm, and the draining bottom that the stone of thick 10cm does is spread in the bottom of plantation ditch, and by draining bottom
Surface dressing is smooth, and the sandwiched isolation implant frame 100 of reverse osmosis membrane is laid in the top of draining bottom, and in isolation implant frame
The plantation ridge for being mixed with the soil of an animal manure and vermiculite and forming 15cm high, the amount of application of family's animal manure are piled up in 100 accumulation chamber
Standard is every mu and applies 800kg, while burying drip irrigation pipe in the position of the surface 5cm apart from plantation ridge.Also set up on arable land
There is planting greenhouse, and atomizing humidifier and plastic greenhouse heating heater are set in planting greenhouse.
Will be singled out the bletilla striata stem tuber with eye carries out cutting, obtains containing 3 sowing stem tubers of eye, by seed spot
Stem is soaked in and contains the KH that mass percent is 4%2PO4, the sodium molybdate that mass percent is 3% and mass percent be 4%
KNO3Stem tuber pretreating agent in after 30h, place into the sodium chloride immersion 30min that mass percent is 4%, take out preparation block
Stem is sowed.
The kind plant hole that depth is 13cm is dug out in plantation ridge, each spacing distance for planting plant hole is 25cm, each plantation
3 pretreatment stem tubers are placed in cave, and makes the eye of pretreatment stem tuber towards placement outside kind of plant hole, earthing, drip irrigation pipe is watered.
During planting, it is 70% that the humidity in planting greenhouse is kept with atomizing humidifier, and at night, works as plantation
When the interior environment temperature of greenhouse is higher than 20 DEG C, the interior environment temperature that planting greenhouse is made using atomizing humidifier is being 18 DEG C；
On the daytime of the high temperature seasons such as summer, with atomizing humidifier to the internal cooling of planting greenhouse, make my inner loop of planting greenhouse
Border temperature is less than 30 DEG C.It is higher than in temperature of the low temperature season using plastic greenhouse heating heater holding planting greenhouse during the day
15℃.Such as the weather of the quick-fried Sai of sunlight strong, sunshade net is laid on planting greenhouse in time.During plantation every 6 months more
Change first reverse osmosis membrane 117 and the second reverse osmosis membrane 213.
Topdressed after the bletilla striata emerges, the interval time topdressed is 30d, and the amount of application standard topdressed every time is every mu
30kg, fermentating rapeseed cake, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, the weight ratio of boron fertilizer are 30 in the fertilizer for topdressing:5:5:5:
1:3:3。
July to September is the expanding stage of bletilla striata stem tuber, is now processed outside normal topdressing, and also to apply once block every 45d
Stem expands fertile 30kg, and stem tuber expands fermentating rapeseed cake in fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, the weight ratio of boron fertilizer and is
30:10:8:5:1:3:3。
Multiple weeding by machine is carried out during the bletilla striata is cultivated, and by the direct emergency burial of weeds.
Start to harvest bletilla striata stem tuber by planting in October, the 3rd.
Embodiment 3
In April, turned on one block of more smooth soil, and dug out 65cm wide, the plantation ditch of deep 60cm, each plantation
The interval width of ditch is 30cm, and the draining bottom that the river sand of thick 15cm does is spread in the bottom of plantation ditch, and by draining bottom
Surface dressing is smooth, and the sandwiched isolation implant frame 100 of reverse osmosis membrane is laid in the top of draining bottom, and in isolation implant frame
Pile up the plantation ridge for being mixed with the soil of barnyard manure and vermiculite and perlite and forming 12cm high in 100 accumulation chamber, barnyard manure is applied
Consumption standard is every mu and applies 650kg, while burying drip irrigation pipe in the position of the surface 4cm apart from plantation ridge.On arable land also
Planting greenhouse is provided with, and atomizing humidifier and industrial combustion gas warm-air drier are set in planting greenhouse.
Will be singled out the bletilla striata stem tuber with eye carries out cutting, obtains containing 2 sowing stem tubers of eye, by seed spot
Stem is soaked in and contains the KH that mass percent is 3.5%2PO4, the sodium molybdate that mass percent is 2% and mass percent be
3.5% KNO3Stem tuber pretreating agent in after 33h, place into the NaOH solution immersion 20min that mass percent is 2%, take
Go out to pre-process stem tuber and sowed.
The kind plant hole that depth is 11cm is dug out in plantation ridge, each spacing distance for planting plant hole is 24cm, each plantation
2 pretreatment stem tubers are placed in cave, and makes the eye of pretreatment stem tuber towards placement outside kind of plant hole, earthing, drip irrigation pipe is watered.
During planting, it is 60% that the humidity in planting greenhouse is kept with atomizing humidifier, and at night, works as plantation
When the interior environment temperature of greenhouse is higher than 20 DEG C, the interior environment temperature that planting greenhouse is made using atomizing humidifier is being 19 DEG C；
On the daytime of the high temperature seasons such as summer, with atomizing humidifier to the internal cooling of planting greenhouse, make my inner loop of planting greenhouse
Border temperature is less than 30 DEG C.It is higher than in temperature of the low temperature season using plastic greenhouse heating heater holding planting greenhouse during the day
15℃.Such as the weather of the quick-fried Sai of sunlight strong, sunshade net is laid on planting greenhouse in time.During plantation every 7 months more
Change first reverse osmosis membrane 117 and the second reverse osmosis membrane 213.
Topdressed after the bletilla striata emerges, the interval time topdressed is 38d, and the amount of application standard topdressed every time is every mu
25kg, fermentating rapeseed cake, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, the weight ratio of boron fertilizer are 35 in the fertilizer for topdressing:7:7:7:
2:4:4。
July to September is the expanding stage of bletilla striata stem tuber, is now processed outside normal topdressing, and also to apply once block every 45d
Stem expands fertile 40kg, and stem tuber expands fermentating rapeseed cake in fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, the weight ratio of boron fertilizer and is
35:15:12:7:2:4:4。
Multiple weeding by machine is carried out during the bletilla striata is cultivated, and by the direct emergency burial of weeds.
Start to harvest bletilla striata stem tuber by planting in October, the 3rd.
Embodiment 4
In March, turned on one block of more smooth soil, and dug out 50cm wide, the plantation ditch of deep 80cm, each plantation
The interval width of ditch is 25cm, and the draining bottom of stone and the river sand mixing of thick 20cm is spread in the bottom of plantation ditch, and will row
The surface dressing of water-bed layer is smooth, and the sandwiched isolation implant frame 100 of reverse osmosis membrane is laid in the top of draining bottom, and every
The plantation ridge for being mixed with the soil of compost and perlite and forming 10cm high is piled up in the accumulation chamber of planting frame 100, compost
Amount of application standard is every mu and applies 500kg, while burying drip irrigation pipe in the position of the surface 3cm apart from plantation ridge.On arable land
Planting greenhouse is additionally provided with, and atomizing humidifier and plastic greenhouse heating heater are set in planting greenhouse.
Will be singled out the bletilla striata stem tuber with eye carries out cutting, obtains containing 2 sowing stem tubers of eye, by seed spot
Stem is soaked in and contains the KH that mass percent is 3%2PO4With the KNO that mass percent is 3%3Stem tuber pretreating agent in 36h
Afterwards, the NaOH solution immersion 10min that mass percent is 2% is placed into, pretreatment stem tuber is taken out and is sowed.
The kind plant hole that depth is 10cm is dug out in plantation ridge, each spacing distance for planting plant hole is 23cm, each plantation
2 pretreatment stem tubers are placed in cave, and makes the eye of pretreatment stem tuber towards placement outside kind of plant hole, earthing, drip irrigation pipe is watered.
During planting, it is 50% that the humidity in planting greenhouse is kept with atomizing humidifier, and at night, works as plantation
When the interior environment temperature of greenhouse is higher than 20 DEG C, the interior environment temperature that planting greenhouse is made using atomizing humidifier is being 20 DEG C；
On the daytime of the high temperature seasons such as summer, with atomizing humidifier to the internal cooling of planting greenhouse, make my inner loop of planting greenhouse
Border temperature is less than 30 DEG C.It is higher than in temperature of the low temperature season using plastic greenhouse heating heater holding planting greenhouse during the day
15℃.Such as the weather of the quick-fried Sai of sunlight strong, sunshade net is laid on planting greenhouse in time.During plantation every 8 months more
Change first reverse osmosis membrane 117 and the second reverse osmosis membrane 213.
Topdressed after the bletilla striata emerges, the interval time topdressed is 45d, and the amount of application standard topdressed every time is every mu
26kg, fermentating rapeseed cake, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, the weight ratio of boron fertilizer are 40 in the fertilizer for topdressing:10:10:
10:3:5:5。
July to September is the expanding stage of bletilla striata stem tuber, is now processed outside normal topdressing, and also to apply once block every 45d
Stem expands fertile 50kg, and stem tuber expands fermentating rapeseed cake in fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, the weight ratio of boron fertilizer and is
40:20:15:10:3:5:5。
Multiple weeding by machine is carried out during the bletilla striata is cultivated, and by the direct emergency burial of weeds.
Plant and start to harvest bletilla striata stem tuber by September, the 3rd.
Compare bletilla striata stem tuber and the control group cultivation of the cultivation method that the promotion bletilla striata stem tuber of offer of the present invention expands
The bletilla striata stem tuber for going out.
Mode according to embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and embodiment 4 plants the bletilla striata at 1 mu and after maturation on the ground
Harvesting, weighs, above-mentioned to weigh including weighing gross weight and the random taking-up 10 from the bletilla striata stem tuber of above-mentioned 5 kinds of cultural methods results
Individual stem tuber weigh comparing.Control group carries out the cultivation of the bletilla striata with reference to the planting type of embodiment 1, and unique difference exists
In being not provided with isolation implant frame 100 in the plantation ditch of control group.Compare in above-mentioned 5 harvested in 1 mu of ground under cultural method white
The weight of splendid achnatherum, the results are shown in Table 1 and table 2.
The gross weight of the bletilla striata that each cultural method of table 1 is harvested
| Group number | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Control group |
| Gross weight | 800kg | 750kg | 780kg | 770kg | 500kg |
The bletilla striata that each cultural method of table 2 is harvested randomly selects the weight of 10
| Group number | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Control group |
| Weight | 7.1kg | 6.7kg | 6.5kg | 6.3kg | 4.5kg |
Comparative result shows that the cultural method that the promotion bletilla striata stem tuber that the present invention is provided expands can effectively make the bletilla striata
Stem tuber expands, and improves the average weight of single stem tuber, and the per mu yield of lifting bletilla striata cultivation is conducive to the production of the bletilla striata.
In sum, the promotion bletilla striata stem tuber of the embodiment of the present invention expands cultural method and the bletilla striata block cultivated by it
Stem, it is in cultivation, it is to avoid the nutrient in soil is lost in the loss of moisture, it is ensured that the bletilla striata has enough in growth
Nutrient can absorb, both reduced the amount of application of fertilizer, absorption of the bletilla striata to nutrient is promoted again, promote bletilla striata stem tuber
Expand, improve per mu yield value, improve economic benefit.
Embodiments described above is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. the cultural method that a kind of promotion bletilla striata stem tuber expands, it is characterised in that including：
Site preparation：Turn over arable land, dig out plantation ditch, draining bottom, the original of the draining bottom are laid in the bottom of the plantation ditch
Material sets isolation implant frame selected from least one in stone and river sand in the draining bottom, and the isolation implant frame includes
First screen frame, the second screen frame and the supporting part of first screen frame and second screen frame is connected, first screen frame and described
Passage is formed between second screen frame, the passage is divided into first passage and second channel, the first passage by the supporting part
In be equipped with the first reverse osmosis membrane, be equipped with the second reverse osmosis membrane in the second channel, first screen frame away from described
The side of the second screen frame forms the accumulation chamber for ridging, in piling up soil in the accumulation chamber and forming plantation ridge, with every mu
The standard of 500kg-800kg is to plantation ridge basal dressing；
Cultivation：Bletilla striata stem tuber of the choosing with eye carries out cutting, obtains containing at least 2 sowing stem tubers of eye, by the seed spot
Stem is soaked in 30h-36h in stem tuber pretreating agent, obtains pre-processing stem tuber, and the pretreatment stem tuber is planted in the plantation
Ridge, it is the KH of 3%-4% that the stem tuber pretreating agent is selected from mass percent2PO4Solution, mass percent are 1.5%-3%'s
Sodium molybdate solution and mass percent are the KNO of 3%-4%3At least one in solution；
Field management：After the pretreatment stem tuber is emerged to being topdressed at least one times and weeding at least one times before maturation, into
Harvested after ripe.
2. the cultural method that promotion bletilla striata stem tuber according to claim 1 expands, it is characterised in that the base manure includes fertilizer
Material and additive, the fertilizer are selected from least one in compost, family's animal manure and barnyard manure, and the additive is selected from perlite and leech
At least one in stone.
3. it is according to claim 1 to promote the cultural method that expands of bletilla striata stem tuber, it is characterised in that after the cultivation every
30d-45d carry out once it is described topdress, the rate of fertilizer for topdressing is every mu of 20kg-30kg every time, during expanding stage, dialogue
Splendid achnatherum expands fertilizer using the stem tuber of every mu of 30kg-50kg.
4. the cultural method that promotion bletilla striata stem tuber according to claim 1 expands, it is characterised in that the first passage is remote
Opening is provided with from one end of the draining bottom, the lid for being opened and closed the opening is provided with the opening.
5. the cultural method that promotion bletilla striata stem tuber according to claim 1 expands, it is characterised in that the depth of the plantation ditch
It is 40cm-80cm to spend, and the thickness of the draining bottom is 10cm-20cm, and the height of the plantation ridge is 10cm-15cm.
6. the cultural method that promotion bletilla striata stem tuber according to claim 5 expands, it is characterised in that in the site preparation step
The step of being also included in laying drip irrigation pipe in the plantation ridge, the plantation ridge away from the draining bottom side to the drop
The distance for filling pipe is 3cm-5cm.
7. the cultural method that promotion bletilla striata stem tuber according to claim 1 expands, it is characterised in that the cultivation step is also
The step of setting up planting greenhouse above the arable land is included in, the planting greenhouse internal frame is provided with sprayer unit and heating is filled
Put.
8. the cultural method that promotion bletilla striata stem tuber according to claim 7 expands, it is characterised in that the cultivation is completed
Afterwards, the humid control in the planting greenhouse is 50%-70%.
9. the cultural method that promotion bletilla striata stem tuber according to claim 7 expands, it is characterised in that the cultivation is completed
Afterwards, the interior environment temperature of the night control planting greenhouse is no more than 20 DEG C；Daytime controls the inner loop of the planting greenhouse
Border temperature is more than or equal to 15 DEG C.
10. the bletilla striata stem tuber that the cultivation method that the promotion bletilla striata stem tuber as described in claim any one of 1-9 expands goes out.
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| CN108668702A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-10-19 | 上海沁众农业科技有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse reverse osmosis membrane implant system and its manufacturing method |
| CN109661867A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-23 | 华北水利水电大学 | It combines nested saline-alkali soil treatment method and administers set bucket |
| CN110432105A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-11-12 | 红河胜农生态农业生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the bletilla striata |
| CN112616595A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-09 | 赤水市百花谷中药材种植农民专业合作社 | Cultivation method and cultivation equipment for promoting expansion of tuber of bletilla striata |
| CN113519551A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-22 | 贵州省植物园（贵州省园林科学研究所、贵州省植物研究所） | Application of mixed nitrogen in promoting growth of rhizoma bletillae and improving photosynthetic efficiency and polysaccharide accumulation |
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| CN113519551A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-22 | 贵州省植物园（贵州省园林科学研究所、贵州省植物研究所） | Application of mixed nitrogen in promoting growth of rhizoma bletillae and improving photosynthetic efficiency and polysaccharide accumulation |
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