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CN106692821A - 一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂 - Google Patents

一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂 Download PDF

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CN106692821A
CN106692821A CN201611239766.0A CN201611239766A CN106692821A CN 106692821 A CN106692821 A CN 106692821A CN 201611239766 A CN201611239766 A CN 201611239766A CN 106692821 A CN106692821 A CN 106692821A
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郑冰心
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Abstract

一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,所述中药制剂的原料药由杜仲、小蓟草、枳壳、补骨脂、罗布麻叶、五味子、钩藤、忍冬藤、连翘、夏枯草、川芎、三棱、八月札、墨旱莲、延胡索、栀子、合欢皮、七叶一枝花、升麻、旋覆花、刺五加、蒲公英、桂枝、马齿苋、大青叶、首乌藤、酸枣仁、刺蒺藜、牛蒡子、荆芥、甘草、丝瓜络、竹茹组成。

Description

一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,涉及一种中药组合物,具体涉及一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂。
背景技术
神经外科术后头痛是临床常见疾病,症状表现为以额部为主的剧烈性头痛,伴有面色苍白、恶心呕吐、全身冷汗、畏光、低热、腰背腿痛等症状,严重影响患者的正常生活及生活质量。神经外科术后头痛的原因最常见有两种,一种是脑水肿导致的颅内压增高,另一种则是手术操作时血液进入蛛网膜下腔导致的脑血管痉挛性头痛。临床治疗上,对水肿引起的高颅压头疼要及时减压,对脑血管痉挛导致的头疼主要采用甘露醇、激素等进行治疗,但效果不太理想,且并发症多,副作用大。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术中的不足之处,提供一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用了以下技术方案:
一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,所述中药制剂的原料药由杜仲、小蓟草、枳壳、补骨脂、罗布麻叶、五味子、钩藤、忍冬藤、连翘、夏枯草、川芎、三棱、八月札、墨旱莲、延胡索、栀子、合欢皮、七叶一枝花、升麻、旋覆花、刺五加、蒲公英、桂枝、马齿苋、大青叶、首乌藤、酸枣仁、刺蒺藜、牛蒡子、荆芥、甘草、丝瓜络、竹茹组成。
进一步地,制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲3-6份,小蓟草8-13份,枳壳3-5份,补骨脂11-15份,罗布麻叶5-10份,五味子2-5份,钩藤4-9份,忍冬藤12-20份,连翘10-16份,夏枯草3-8份,川芎5-12份,三棱12-17份,八月札7-12份,墨旱莲4-9份,延胡索15-20份,栀子10-15份,合欢皮8-12份,七叶一枝花2-5份,升麻3-7份,旋覆花11-14份,刺五加9-15份,蒲公英3-6份,桂枝8-13份,马齿苋3-5份,大青叶1-3份,首乌藤5-10份,酸枣仁5-10份,刺蒺藜13-16份,牛蒡子3-10份,荆芥8-13份,甘草3-5份,丝瓜络1-3份,竹茹5-10份。
进一步地,制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲6份,小蓟草8份,枳壳3份,补骨脂15份,罗布麻叶5份,五味子3份,钩藤5份,忍冬藤12份,连翘16份,夏枯草3份,川芎12份,三棱12份,八月札10份,墨旱莲9份,延胡索15份,栀子15份,合欢皮8份,七叶一枝花5份,升麻3份,旋覆花14份,刺五加9份,蒲公英6份,桂枝8份,马齿苋5份,大青叶1份,首乌藤10份,酸枣仁5份,刺蒺藜16份,牛蒡子10份,荆芥8份,甘草5份,丝瓜络1份,竹茹10份。
进一步地,制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲4份,小蓟草10份,枳壳4份,补骨脂13份,罗布麻叶6份,五味子4份,钩藤8份,忍冬藤20份,连翘10份,夏枯草8份,川芎5份,三棱17份,八月札12份,墨旱莲4份,延胡索20份,栀子10份,合欢皮12份,七叶一枝花2份,升麻7份,旋覆花11份,刺五加15份,蒲公英3份,桂枝13份,马齿苋3份,大青叶3份,首乌藤5份,酸枣仁10份,刺蒺藜13份,牛蒡子3份,荆芥13份,甘草3份,丝瓜络3份,竹茹5份。
进一步地,制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲5份,小蓟草12份,枳壳3份,补骨脂12份,罗布麻叶9份,五味子4份,钩藤7份,忍冬藤13份,连翘11份,夏枯草4份,川芎6份,三棱13份,八月札7份,墨旱莲5份,延胡索18份,栀子11份,合欢皮9份,七叶一枝花4份,升麻6份,旋覆花12份,刺五加13份,蒲公英4份,桂枝9份,马齿苋4份,大青叶2份,首乌藤6份,酸枣仁6份,刺蒺藜14份,牛蒡子5份,荆芥10份,甘草4份,丝瓜络2份,竹茹6份。
进一步地,制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲4份,小蓟草11份,枳壳4份,补骨脂14份,罗布麻叶8份,五味子3份,钩藤6份,忍冬藤17份,连翘15份,夏枯草7份,川芎11份,三棱16份,八月札8份,墨旱莲8份,延胡索16份,栀子14份,合欢皮11份,七叶一枝花3份,升麻5份,旋覆花13份,刺五加14份,蒲公英5份,桂枝12份,马齿苋3份,大青叶1份,首乌藤10份,酸枣仁9份,刺蒺藜13份,牛蒡子7份,荆芥11份,甘草3份,丝瓜络1份,竹茹10份。
进一步地,制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲6份,小蓟草9份,枳壳5份,补骨脂12份,罗布麻叶7份,五味子5份,钩藤9份,忍冬藤15份,连翘12份,夏枯草5份,川芎9份,三棱15份,八月札9份,墨旱莲7份,延胡索19份,栀子13份,合欢皮10份,七叶一枝花4份,升麻4份,旋覆花11份,刺五加11份,蒲公英5份,桂枝10份,马齿苋5份,大青叶3份,首乌藤8份,酸枣仁8份,刺蒺藜14份,牛蒡子9份,荆芥12份,甘草5份,丝瓜络3份,竹茹8份。
进一步地,制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲3份,小蓟草8份,枳壳5份,补骨脂15份,罗布麻叶7份,五味子2份,钩藤4份,忍冬藤19份,连翘14份,夏枯草6份,川芎7份,三棱14份,八月札9份,墨旱莲6份,延胡索17份,栀子13份,合欢皮10份,七叶一枝花4份,升麻4份,旋覆花11份,刺五加11份,蒲公英5份,桂枝10份,马齿苋5份,大青叶3份,首乌藤8份,酸枣仁8份,刺蒺藜14份,牛蒡子4份,荆芥9份,甘草5份,丝瓜络3份,竹茹8份。
本发明所提供的治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,其以常见的中草药为原料,充分发挥各组分的药性:
杜仲:补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎。治腰脊酸疼,具有清除体内垃圾,加强人体细胞物质代谢,防止肌肉骨骼老化,平衡人体血压,分解体内胆固醇,降低体内脂肪,恢复血管弹性,利尿清热,广谱抗菌,兴奋中枢神经,提高白血球数量,增强人体免疫力等显著功效。
小蓟草,甘、苦,凉。归心、肝经。凉血止血,散瘀解毒消痈。血热出血证。本品性属寒凉,善清血分之热而凉血止血,无论吐咯衄血,便血崩漏等出血由于血热妄行所致者皆可选用。兼能利尿通淋,故尤善治尿血、血淋,可单味应用,也可配伍生地、滑石、山栀、淡竹叶等。热毒痈肿。本品能清热解毒,散瘀消肿,用治热毒疮疡初起肿痛之证。
枳壳:味苦、辛、酸,性温。归脾、胃经。功能主治:理气宽中,行滞消胀。用于胸胁气滞,胀满疼痛,食积不化,痰饮内停;胃下垂,脱肛,子官脱垂。《药性论》:治遍身风疹,肌中如麻豆恶痒,主肠风痔疾,心腹结气,两胁胀虚,关膈拥塞。《日华子本草》:健脾开胃,调五脏,下气,止呕逆,消痰。治反胃,霍乱泻痢,消食,破症结痃癖,五膈气,除风明目及肺气水肿,利大小肠,皮肤痒。痔肿可炙熨。《珍珠囊》:破气,泄肺中不利之气。《医学启源》:《主治秘诀》云,破心下坚痞,利胸中气,化痰,消食。
补骨脂:性味:辛、苦,温。归经:归肾、脾经。主治:温肾助阳,纳气,止泻。用于阳痿遗精,遗尿尿频,腰膝冷痛,肾虚作喘,五更泄泻;外用治白癜风,斑秃。
罗布麻叶:味甘、苦,性凉,入肝经,具有平肝安神,清热利水的作用,用于肝阳眩晕,心悸失眠,浮肿尿少;高血压病,神经衰弱,肾炎浮肿等证。
五味子:具有收敛固涩,益气生津,补肾宁心的功效,常用于久嗽虚喘,梦遗滑精,遗尿尿频,久泻不止,自汗,盗汗,津伤口渴,短气脉虚,内热消渴,心悸失眠。
钩藤,味甘,性凉。入肝、心经。能清热平肝,熄风定惊。主治小儿惊痫瘈疭,大人血压偏高,头晕、目眩,妇人子痫。其药理作用具有镇静作用和降压作用。
忍冬藤:味甘,性寒。归肺、胃经。清热解毒,疏风通络。用于温病发热,热毒血痢,痈肿疮疡,风湿热痹,关节红肿热痛。
连翘:味苦,性微寒。有清热解毒,消肿散结的功效,用于痈疽,风热感冒。温热入营,高热烦渴。
夏枯草:性味:辛、苦,寒。归经:归肝、胆经。主治:清火,明目,散结,消肿。用于目赤肿痛,目珠夜痛,头痛眩晕,瘰疬,瘿瘤,乳痈肿痛;甲状腺肿大,淋巴结结核,乳腺增生,高血压。
川芎,辛,温。入肝、胆经。行气开郁,法风燥湿,活血止痛。治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。用于月经不调,经闭痛经,瘕腹痛,胸胁刺痛,跌扑肿痛,头痛,风湿痹痛。《本经》载其:主中风入脑头痛,寒痹,筋挛缓急,金创,妇人血闭无子。《别录》载其:″除脑中冷动,面上游风去来,目泪出,多涕唾,忽忽如醉,诸寒冷气,心腹坚痛,中恶,卒急肿痛,胁风痛,温中内寒。″是行气化瘀的良药。
三棱:味辛;涩;凉。入肝。脾经。治症瘕,积聚,胁肋胀痛,食积胀痛,痛经,闭经,产后瘀血腹痛,跌打损伤。蒙药治肺热咳嗽,气喘痰多,肝热,脉热,痨热骨蒸,“宝日”病,骨折。
八月札:出处:《饮片新参》。性味:甘,寒。主治:舒肝理气,活血止痛,除烦利尿。治肝胃气痛,胃热食呆,烦渴,亦白痢疾,腰痛,胁痛,疝气,窟经,子宫下坠。
墨旱莲,味甘,酸,性凉,归肝、肾经,补益肝肾;凉血止血。主肝肾不足;头晕目眩;须发早白;吐血;咯血;衄血;便血;血痢;崩;漏;外伤出血。
延胡索,味苦、辛,性温;归肝、心、胃经;善行走散,可升可降,具有活血散瘀,行气止痛的功效。主治胸痹心痛,胁肋、脘腹诸痛,头痛、腰痛、疝气痛、筋骨痛、痛经、经闭,产后瘀腹痛,跌打损伤。
栀子其性寒、味苦,功能与主治:泻火除烦,清热利湿,凉血解毒,《神农本草经》:“主治五内邪气,白癞,赤癞,疮疡......。”
合欢皮:味甘,性平。有解郁安神,活血消肿的功效,用于心神不安,解郁失眠,肺痈疮肿,跌扑伤痛。
七叶一枝花:味苦,性微寒,入肝经。功能清热解毒、消肿止痛,熄风定痉;主治消化道癌瘤,肺癌、脑肿瘤及恶性淋巴瘤,临床多用于热毒雍滞的恶性淋巴瘤、肺癌、鼻咽癌、脑肿瘤及消化系统肿瘤如胃癌、食管癌、肝癌等。
升麻,辛、微甘,微寒。归肺、脾、胃、大肠经。功能主治:发表透疹,清热解毒,升举阳气。用于风热头痛,齿痛,口疮,咽喉肿痛,麻疹不透,阳毒发斑;脱肛,子宫脱垂。
旋覆花,苦,辛、咸,微温。归肺、脾、胃、大肠经。功能主治:降气,消痰,行水,止呕。用于风寒咳嗽,痰饮蓄结,胸膈痞满,喘咳痰多,呕吐噫气,心下痞硬。
刺五加:味辛、苦、微甘,性温,入脾、肾、心经,具有益气健脾,补肾安神,祛风除湿的功效,用于风寒湿痹、腰膝疼痛、筋骨痿软、行动迟缓、体虚羸弱、跌打损伤、骨折、水肿、脚气、阴下湿痒等证。刺五加甘A为胡萝卜素,人蔘中也含这类成分。在人体内能促进胆固醇的排泄,可防治血液中胆固醇含量过高症。刺五加甘B为紫丁香素(Syringin),是刺五加的主要强壮成分,有促性腺、抗辐射、抗疲劳等作用,具有与人蔘皂素相似的生理活性。刺五加含超氧化歧化酵素SOD(Superoxide dimutase)复合物,SOD具有良好的抗氧化功能,可以增强人体免疫以及抵抗自由基攻击的效果,具有抗氧化作用,可增强人体免疫力、防止老化及促进健康。
蒲公英:为菊科植物蒲公英Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.、碱地蒲公英Taraxacum sinicum Kitag.或同属数种植物的干燥全草。清热解毒,消肿散结,利尿通淋。用于疔疮肿毒,乳痈,瘰疠,目赤,咽痛,肺痈,肠痈,湿热黄疸,热淋涩痛。
桂枝味辛甘,性温,是里寒常用的内温药,具有补元阳、通腑降浊、通血脉、暖脾胃之功效,常与补肝肾药、补气血药配伍,治疗肾阳不足、命门火衰、肢冷脉微,与其它温里药配伍治疗脘腹冷痛、寒痹腰痛,具有明显的镇痛和抗癌防癌的作用。
马齿苋:酸;性寒。清热解毒;凉血止痢;除湿通淋。主热毒泻痢;热淋;尿闭;赤白带下;崩漏;痔血;疮疡痈疖;丹毒;瘰疬;湿癣;白秃。
大青叶:味苦,性寒。归肝,心,胃,脾经。清热解毒,凉血消斑。用于热病高热烦渴;神昏;斑疹;吐血;衄血;黄疸;泻痢;丹毒;喉痹;口疮;痄腮。
首乌藤:味甘,性平,归心、肝经,具有养血安神,祛风通络的功效,主治失眠多梦,血虚身痛,风湿痹痛;皮肤瘙痒等证,首乌藤能够活血、通经、扩张血管、促进血液循环、下乳消肿。
酸枣仁:基原:为鼠李科植物酸枣的种子。化学成份:主含两种三萜化合物:白桦脂醇、白桦脂酸。另含酸枣皂甙,甙元为酸枣甙元,水解所得到的厄北林内酯是皂甙的第二步产物。还含多量维生素C。药理作用:①镇静、催眠作用,②镇痛、抗惊厥、降温作用,③对心血管系统的影响,④对烧伤的影响。性味:甘,平。归经:入心、脾、肝、胆经。功能主治:养肝,宁心,安神,敛汗。治虚烦不眠,惊悸怔忡,烦渴,虚汗。
刺蒺藜,性味:味苦、辛、性平,具有平肝、解郁、祛风明目之功效,用于治疗头痛、眩晕、胸胁胀痛、乳房胀痛、乳闭不通、经闭、目赤翳障、风疹瘙痒、白癜风、疮疽、瘰疬等症。
牛蒡子:具有疏散风热、宣肺透疹、利咽散结、解毒消肿的功效,主治风热咳嗽、咽喉肿痛、斑疹不透、风疹瘙痒、疮疡肿毒。选自菊科植物牛蒡Arctium lappa L.的干燥成熟果实。
荆芥:味辛,性温,归肺、肝经;祛风散表、止咳、止痉、止痛、止痒、透疹、止血。
甘草:味甘,归十二经。有解毒、祛痰、止痛、解痉以至抗癌等药理作用。在中医上,甘草补脾益气,滋咳润肺,缓急解毒,调和百药。
丝瓜络:来源:药材基源:为葫芦科植物丝瓜或奥丝瓜成熟果实的维管束。性味:味苦;性凉。归经:归肺;肝;胃经。功能主治:通经活络;解毒消肿。主胸胁疼痛;风湿痹痛,经脉拘挛,乳汁不通,肺势咳嗽,痈前程疮毒,他痈。
竹茹,为禾本科植物青秆竹Bambusa tuldoides Munro、大头典竹Sinocalamusbeecheyanus(Munro)Mc-Clure var.pubescens P.F.Li或淡竹Phyllostachys nigra(Lodd.)Munro var.henonis(Mitf.)Stapf ex Rendle的茎秆的干燥中间层。性味:甘,微寒。归肺、胃经。功能主治:清热化痰,除烦止呕。用于痰热咳嗽,胆火挟痰,烦热呕吐,惊悸失眼,中风痰迷,舌强不语,胃热呕吐,妊娠恶阻,胎动不安。
本发明中药组合物符合中药配伍的原理,杜仲补肝肾、强筋骨,钩藤能清热平肝,刺蒺藜平肝、解郁,八月札舒肝理气、活血止痛,罗布麻叶平肝安神、清热利水,补骨脂温肾助阳,枳壳理气宽中、行滞消胀,桂枝补元阳、通血脉、暖脾胃,杜仲、钩藤、刺蒺藜、八月札、罗布麻叶、补骨脂、枳壳、桂枝为君药,平肝解郁、补益肝肾、理气宽中、安神清热,从根本上治疗神经外科术后头痛。墨旱莲补益肝肾,五味子益气生津,补肾宁心,刺五加益气健脾、补肾安神,首乌藤养血安神、祛风通络,酸枣仁养肝、宁心、安神,川芎行气开郁,法风燥湿,活血止痛,墨旱莲、五味子、刺五加、首乌藤、酸枣仁、川芎为辅佐之药起协调作用,益气生津,补肾安神,祛风通络,加强君药的功能。延胡索、小蓟草、三棱、升麻、连翘、夏枯草等为佐药,活血散瘀,清热解毒,疏风通络,散结消肿。甘草补脾益气,缓急解毒,调和百药。诸药配合,标本兼治。
该中药组合物的有益效果是:疗效突出,见效快,不易复发,安全无副作用,以常见的中草药为原料,生产成本低,适于推广应用。
具体实施方式:
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分,而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。除非另有说明,本发明中的乙醇量的百分数是体积百分数。
实施例1:
本发明的一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,包括下列重量的中药原料药:杜仲6克,小蓟草8克,枳壳3克,补骨脂15克,罗布麻叶5克,五味子3克,钩藤5克,忍冬藤12克,连翘16克,夏枯草3克,川芎12克,三棱12克,八月札10克,墨旱莲9克,延胡索15克,栀子15克,合欢皮8克,七叶一枝花5克,升麻3克,旋覆花14克,刺五加9克,蒲公英6克,桂枝8克,马齿苋5克,大青叶1克,首乌藤10克,酸枣仁5克,刺蒺藜16克,牛蒡子10克,荆芥8克,甘草5克,丝瓜络1克,竹茹10克。
实施例2:
本发明的一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,包括下列重量的中药原料药:杜仲4克,小蓟草10克,枳壳4克,补骨脂13克,罗布麻叶6克,五味子4克,钩藤8克,忍冬藤20克,连翘10克,夏枯草8克,川芎5克,三棱17克,八月札12克,墨旱莲4克,延胡索20克,栀子10克,合欢皮12克,七叶一枝花2克,升麻7克,旋覆花11克,刺五加15克,蒲公英3克,桂枝13克,马齿苋3克,大青叶3克,首乌藤5克,酸枣仁10克,刺蒺藜13克,牛蒡子3克,荆芥13克,甘草3克,丝瓜络3克,竹茹5克。
实施例3:
本发明的一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,包括下列重量的中药原料药:杜仲5克,小蓟草12克,枳壳3克,补骨脂12克,罗布麻叶9克,五味子4克,钩藤7克,忍冬藤13克,连翘11克,夏枯草4克,川芎6克,三棱13克,八月札7克,墨旱莲5克,延胡索18克,栀子11克,合欢皮9克,七叶一枝花4克,升麻6克,旋覆花12克,刺五加13克,蒲公英4克,桂枝9克,马齿苋4克,大青叶2克,首乌藤6克,酸枣仁6克,刺蒺藜14克,牛蒡子5克,荆芥10克,甘草4克,丝瓜络2克,竹茹6克。
实施例4:
本发明的一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,包括下列重量的中药原料药:杜仲4克,小蓟草11克,枳壳4克,补骨脂14克,罗布麻叶8克,五味子3克,钩藤6克,忍冬藤17克,连翘15克,夏枯草7克,川芎11克,三棱16克,八月札8克,墨旱莲8克,延胡索16克,栀子14克,合欢皮11克,七叶一枝花3克,升麻5克,旋覆花13克,刺五加14克,蒲公英5克,桂枝12克,马齿苋3克,大青叶1克,首乌藤10克,酸枣仁9克,刺蒺藜13克,牛蒡子7克,荆芥11克,甘草3克,丝瓜络1克,竹茹10克。
实施例5:
本发明的一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,包括下列重量的中药原料药:杜仲6克,小蓟草9克,枳壳5克,补骨脂12克,罗布麻叶7克,五味子5克,钩藤9克,忍冬藤15克,连翘12克,夏枯草5克,川芎9克,三棱15克,八月札9克,墨旱莲7克,延胡索19克,栀子13克,合欢皮10克,七叶一枝花4克,升麻4克,旋覆花11克,刺五加11克,蒲公英5克,桂枝10克,马齿苋5克,大青叶3克,首乌藤8克,酸枣仁8克,刺蒺藜14克,牛蒡子9克,荆芥12克,甘草5克,丝瓜络3克,竹茹8克。
实施例6:
本发明的一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,包括下列重量的中药原料药:杜仲3克,小蓟草8克,枳壳5克,补骨脂15克,罗布麻叶7克,五味子2克,钩藤4克,忍冬藤19克,连翘14克,夏枯草6克,川芎7克,三棱14克,八月札9克,墨旱莲6克,延胡索17克,栀子13克,合欢皮10克,七叶一枝花4克,升麻4克,旋覆花11克,刺五加11克,蒲公英5克,桂枝10克,马齿苋5克,大青叶3克,首乌藤8克,酸枣仁8克,刺蒺藜14克,牛蒡子4克,荆芥9克,甘草5克,丝瓜络3克,竹茹8克。
所述中药制剂按照下列方法进行制备:
(1)取所述实施例中任一药物制剂中所述重量组分的各药材,第一次煎煮加药材总重量的13-15倍的水煎煮提取,煎煮1-2小时:第二次加入8-12倍量的水,煎煮1-1.2h,滤出药液待用;第三次加入8-12倍量的水,煎煮0.8-1.2h,滤出药液待用;合并三次煎液,过滤,收集滤液,浓缩至50-60℃时相对密度为1.10-1.30的清膏;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的清膏放置至室温后,加乙醇使含乙醇量至重量百分比60-75%,静置24-48小时,取上清液;上清液回收乙醇,减压浓缩至50-60℃时相对密度为1.20-1.30的清膏,随后在3000r/min的转速下离心;在60℃-80℃喷雾干燥,得干浸膏;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的干浸膏粉碎后,加适当制药辅料,制成颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂或药液剂。
临床论证:
2015年1月-2016年4月,门诊处随机抽取确诊的神经外科术后头痛患者90例临床观察,病人随机分成两组,治疗组45例,其中男22例,女23例,年龄23-50岁,平均年龄37.1岁;对照组45例,其中男21例,女24例,年龄25-53岁,平均年龄36.3岁。两组病例的症状轻重程度基本一致,无显著差异,具有可比性。
诊断标准参照《神经病学》头痛诊断标准。
治疗方法:
治疗组:患者服用本发明实施例2之片剂,分两次早晚服用,每次3片,7天为1个疗程。
对照组:对照组采用20%甘露醇、地塞米松10mg、强痛定100mg静脉滴注。两组均治疗两个疗程统计疗效,并随防3个月。
疗效标准
治愈:头痛完全缓解,3月内无复发;
显效:头痛症状基本缓解,无其他症状;
有效:头痛程度减轻,发作次数明显减少;
无效:临床症状无改善,甚至加重。
临床疗效比较,结果见表1。
表1 两组患者有效率对比分析
组别 例数 治愈 显效 有效 无效 总有效
治疗组 45 27(60%) 11(24.4%) 5(11.1%) 2(4.4%) 43(95.6%)
对照组 45 14(31.1%) 11(24.4%) 7(15.6%) 13(28.9%) 32(71.1%)
其中,总有效率=治愈率+显效率。
表1结果显示:本发明实施例2制备的片剂总有效率为95.6%,对照组总有效率71.1%,结果表明,说明本发明药物在疗效上比传统治疗方法取得了更好的治疗效果,适于规模化临床应用。
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,其特征在于:所述中药制剂的原料药由杜仲、小蓟草、枳壳、补骨脂、罗布麻叶、五味子、钩藤、忍冬藤、连翘、夏枯草、川芎、三棱、八月札、墨旱莲、延胡索、栀子、合欢皮、七叶一枝花、升麻、旋覆花、刺五加、蒲公英、桂枝、马齿苋、大青叶、首乌藤、酸枣仁、刺蒺藜、牛蒡子、荆芥、甘草、丝瓜络、竹茹组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲3-6份,小蓟草8-13份,枳壳3-5份,补骨脂11-15份,罗布麻叶5-10份,五味子2-5份,钩藤4-9份,忍冬藤12-20份,连翘10-16份,夏枯草3-8份,川芎5-12份,三棱12-17份,八月札7-12份,墨旱莲4-9份,延胡索15-20份,栀子10-15份,合欢皮8-12份,七叶一枝花2-5份,升麻3-7份,旋覆花11-14份,刺五加9-15份,蒲公英3-6份,桂枝8-13份,马齿苋3-5份,大青叶1-3份,首乌藤5-10份,酸枣仁5-10份,刺蒺藜13-16份,牛蒡子3-10份,荆芥8-13份,甘草3-5份,丝瓜络1-3份,竹茹5-10份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲6份,小蓟草8份,枳壳3份,补骨脂15份,罗布麻叶5份,五味子3份,钩藤5份,忍冬藤12份,连翘16份,夏枯草3份,川芎12份,三棱12份,八月札10份,墨旱莲9份,延胡索15份,栀子15份,合欢皮8份,七叶一枝花5份,升麻3份,旋覆花14份,刺五加9份,蒲公英6份,桂枝8份,马齿苋5份,大青叶1份,首乌藤10份,酸枣仁5份,刺蒺藜16份,牛蒡子10份,荆芥8份,甘草5份,丝瓜络1份,竹茹10份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲4份,小蓟草10份,枳壳4份,补骨脂13份,罗布麻叶6份,五味子4份,钩藤8份,忍冬藤20份,连翘10份,夏枯草8份,川芎5份,三棱17份,八月札12份,墨旱莲4份,延胡索20份,栀子10份,合欢皮12份,七叶一枝花2份,升麻7份,旋覆花11份,刺五加15份,蒲公英3份,桂枝13份,马齿苋3份,大青叶3份,首乌藤5份,酸枣仁10份,刺蒺藜13份,牛蒡子3份,荆芥13份,甘草3份,丝瓜络3份,竹茹5份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲5份,小蓟草12份,枳壳3份,补骨脂12份,罗布麻叶9份,五味子4份,钩藤7份,忍冬藤13份,连翘11份,夏枯草4份,川芎6份,三棱13份,八月札7份,墨旱莲5份,延胡索18份,栀子11份,合欢皮9份,七叶一枝花4份,升麻6份,旋覆花12份,刺五加13份,蒲公英4份,桂枝9份,马齿苋4份,大青叶2份,首乌藤6份,酸枣仁6份,刺蒺藜14份,牛蒡子5份,荆芥10份,甘草4份,丝瓜络2份,竹茹6份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲4份,小蓟草11份,枳壳4份,补骨脂14份,罗布麻叶8份,五味子3份,钩藤6份,忍冬藤17份,连翘15份,夏枯草7份,川芎11份,三棱16份,八月札8份,墨旱莲8份,延胡索16份,栀子14份,合欢皮11份,七叶一枝花3份,升麻5份,旋覆花13份,刺五加14份,蒲公英5份,桂枝12份,马齿苋3份,大青叶1份,首乌藤10份,酸枣仁9份,刺蒺藜13份,牛蒡子7份,荆芥11份,甘草3份,丝瓜络1份,竹茹10份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲6份,小蓟草9份,枳壳5份,补骨脂12份,罗布麻叶7份,五味子5份,钩藤9份,忍冬藤15份,连翘12份,夏枯草5份,川芎9份,三棱15份,八月札9份,墨旱莲7份,延胡索19份,栀子13份,合欢皮10份,七叶一枝花4份,升麻4份,旋覆花11份,刺五加11份,蒲公英5份,桂枝10份,马齿苋5份,大青叶3份,首乌藤8份,酸枣仁8份,刺蒺藜14份,牛蒡子9份,荆芥12份,甘草5份,丝瓜络3份,竹茹8份。
8.根据权利要求1所述的治疗神经外科术后头痛的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂的原料药组成及重量份数为:杜仲3份,小蓟草8份,枳壳5份,补骨脂15份,罗布麻叶7份,五味子2份,钩藤4份,忍冬藤19份,连翘14份,夏枯草6份,川芎7份,三棱14份,八月札9份,墨旱莲6份,延胡索17份,栀子13份,合欢皮10份,七叶一枝花4份,升麻4份,旋覆花11份,刺五加11份,蒲公英5份,桂枝10份,马齿苋5份,大青叶3份,首乌藤8份,酸枣仁8份,刺蒺藜14份,牛蒡子4份,荆芥9份,甘草5份,丝瓜络3份,竹茹8份。
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