CN106640080B - Under a kind of deep high stress environment mining methods are arranged from steady gallery shape stope - Google Patents
Under a kind of deep high stress environment mining methods are arranged from steady gallery shape stope Download PDFInfo
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- CN106640080B CN106640080B CN201710086913.3A CN201710086913A CN106640080B CN 106640080 B CN106640080 B CN 106640080B CN 201710086913 A CN201710086913 A CN 201710086913A CN 106640080 B CN106640080 B CN 106640080B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses mining methods are arranged from steady gallery shape stope under a kind of deep high stress environment, comprise the following steps：(1) nugget is arranged；(2) quasi- cutting engineering is adopted；(3) back production；(4) divulge information；(5) ore removal works；(6) filling operation；(7) from the back production of steady gallery shape ore pillar.The present invention be it is a kind of can effectively improve STOPE STABILITY, provided for deep high stress mineral deposit safe working under the deep high stress environment of effective safety guarantee from steady gallery shape stope arrange mining methods.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopted under a kind of mining methods more particularly to a kind of deep high stress environment from steady gallery shape stope arrangement
Ore deposit method.
Background technology
With superficial part resource increasingly depleted, deep is gradually moved towards in exploitation of mineral resources.According to statistics with prediction, China's " 13 " phase
Between have more than 50 seat metal mines that will be exploited into below underground 1000m.At present, in designing, constructing, mineral building in mining methods and
Pillar shape is regular cuboid, and regular shape can cause wedge angle to exist, and causes ore pillar sharp corner stress collection after back production explosion
In, Pillar Stability is poor.Deep mining faces Gao Jingwen, high-ground stress and high well depth " three high " particular surroundings, brings
The problems such as many safety and technology, traditional mining methods have been difficult in adapt to wanting for the safe and efficient low cost exploitation of deep-seated deposit
It asks, the mining methods of deep metalliferous deposit need to be innovated, form the mining methods for adapting to deep-seated deposit high stress environment.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be to provide it is a kind of can effectively improve STOPE STABILITY, be deep high stress
Under the deep high stress environment of the effective safety guarantee of mineral deposit safe working offer mining methods are arranged from steady gallery shape stope.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides deep high stress environment under from steady gallery shape stope arrange dig up mine
Method comprises the following steps：
(1), nugget is arranged：
It is the stage by ore body division, nugget is divided within the stage, then nugget is divided into shape mineral building and ore pillar, perpendicular separation
Orebody trend mineral building and ore pillar, mineral building section arrangement shape is top ellipticity, the ellipticity ore deposit that lower part is moat ditch inverted trapezoidal shape
Room, ore pillar section arrangement shape is top arch shape, lower part is moat ditch inverted trapezoidal shape from steady gallery shape ore pillar；
(2), quasi- cutting engineering is adopted：
It adopts cutting journey and mainly tunnels the outer haulage drift of arteries and veins, sublevel drilling tunnel, dress ore deposit crosscut, dress ore deposit inclined gallery and trenching tunnel
Engineering；From arteries and veins outslope road road driving be arranged in haulage drift outside upper lower burrs arteries and veins, outside arteries and veins transport tunnelling dress ore deposit crosscut and
Trenching tunnel digs dress ore deposit inclined gallery with 45° angle every 10~12.5m in dress ore deposit crosscut to ore body；Bottom of Stope ore removal structure is set
Moat ditch structure is calculated as, bottom moat is formed in trenching tunnel, sublevel drilling connecting taxiway slot raise, and by the scope of freedom of slot raise
Ditch and cutting groove；
(3) back production：
The back production of nugget is carried out in two steps, first step back production ellipticity mineral building, and second step back production is from steady gallery shape ore pillar；Dividing
To fanhole(s) on chisel in section drilling drift and trenching tunnel, wherein rock drilling will be set according to stringent blasthole in sublevel drilling tunnel
The angle and length of meter are constructed；Emulsion, non-conductivity blasting system detonation are loaded into blasthole；Each quick-fried 2~3 round,
More segmentations while ore caving, form stepped working face after explosion, formed along orebody trend direction from steady gallery shape ore pillar side
Boundary；
(4) divulge information：
It is fresh distinguished and admirable Bottom of Stope dress ore deposit crosscut and each sublevel drilling tunnel, punching to be entered by haulage drift outside ramp, arteries and veins
After washing working face, waste air enters upper stage casing by another wing ramp of stope；
(5) ore removal works：
Through dress ore deposit crosscut, the outer haulage drift of arteries and veins is transported to mine chute and carries out ore removal the quick-fried ore that falls；
(6) filling operation：
After ellipticity mineral building ore whole haulage, with crude tailings paste filling material consolidated fill whole ellipticity mineral building
Dead zone；
(7) from the back production of steady gallery shape ore pillar：
After after both sides, mineral building has been adopted, paste body filling and after having conserved obturation, from steady gallery shape ore pillar with ellipticity mineral building
Identical method back production, pattern is also using scallop hole, filling all-tailing cemented filling.
In above-mentioned steps (1), nugget arrangement：Ellipticity mineral building, it is wide from steady gallery shape ore pillar be adjacent trenching tunnel spacing, it is wide
Spend for 20~30m, length is the thickness of ore body, ellipticity mineral building, from steady gallery shape ore pillar height be 40~60m of level interval, it is ellipse
Round shape mineral building divides segmentation in height, and general point of 3 segmentations are segmented a height of 13~20m.
Above-mentioned steps (3) back production：In：Emulsion is loaded into blasthole using emulsifying explosive loading trolley, non-conductance is quick-fried
System is detonated.
In the work of above-mentioned steps (5) ore removal：It is quick-fried to fall ore by diesel LHD in stope bottom structure dress ore deposit inclined gallery
Shovel dress ore, through filling ore deposit crosscut, ore is transported to mine chute and carries out ore removal by the outer haulage drift of arteries and veins.
Mining methods are arranged from steady gallery shape stope, be for existing using under the deep high stress environment of above-mentioned technical proposal
The deficiency of mining methods, efficiently solve present in deep orebody back production since high stress causes ore pillar unstable, and cause
Back production security it is poor the problems such as.At present, designing, in construction, mineral building and pillar shape in mining methods are regular cuboids,
And regular shape can cause wedge angle to exist, and cause ore pillar sharp corner stress concentration after back production explosion, Pillar Stability is poor, this hair
Bright to change traditional mineral building, ore pillar arrangement shape, this method can effectively improve STOPE STABILITY, be deep high stress mineral deposit
Safe working provides effective safety guarantee.
It is characteristic of the invention that：Before ore caving starts, undercut to form moat ditch in nugget bottom, ellipticity mineral building, from steady gallery
Shape ore pillar side forms cutting groove, is carried out as the scope of freedom to side ore caving, the ore of avalanche borrows dead weight to fall on the releasing of moat ditch；
After mineral building back production, mineral building is filled, then stooping pillaring and handles ore pillar dead zone.It is adopted with what traditional rule mineral building, ore pillar were arranged
Ore deposit method compares, and the present invention has following advantageous effect：
The present invention is especially suitable for the exploitations of deep high stress big thick ore body.Nugget is divided within the stage, then nugget is drawn
It is divided into mineral building and ore pillar, perpendicular separation arrangement mineral building, ore pillar, mineral building section arrangement shape is top ellipticity, lower part is moat ditch
Inverted trapezoidal shape, ore pillar section arrangement shape is top arch shape, lower part is moat ditch inverted trapezoidal shape, and innovation is devised from steady gallery shape
Stope arrangement, improve the stress condition of mineral building, ore pillar, positive Earth pres-sure control greatly improves STOPE STABILITY, right
The safety of deep exploitation of mineral resources process provides powerful guarantee.Efficiently mining, mining are realized under the condition of high ground stress of deep
Efficiency improves 10%~15%；Single production capacity of mining field >=900t/d.Ore recovery rate >=85%, loss late≤12%.This hair
Bright to efficiently solve under the condition of high ground stress of deep, the security risk present in ore body back production has prevented the production of ore pillar unstable phenomenon
It is raw, it ensure that the production that mine safety is stablized.
In conclusion the present invention be it is a kind of can effectively improve STOPE STABILITY, be deep high stress mineral deposit safe working
It provides and arranges mining methods from steady gallery shape stope under the deep high stress environment of effective safety guarantee.
Description of the drawings
The front view of Fig. 1 mining methods of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is I-I direction view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is II-II direction view of Fig. 1.
In figure：1- ellipticity mineral buildings；2- is from steady gallery shape ore pillar；3- trenching tunnels；4- is upper to fanhole(s)；5- obturations；
6- sublevel drillings tunnel；7- foundation；8- drop shafts；9- ore removals inclined gallery；10- ore removals crosscut；The outer haulage drift of 11- arteries and veins；12- slopes
Road；13- slot raises.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with attached drawing, it should be understood that preferred reality described herein
It applies example to be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, mining side is arranged from steady gallery shape stope under deep high stress environment provided by the invention
Method comprises the following steps：
(1) nugget is arranged：
It is the stage by ore body division, nugget is divided within the stage, then nugget is divided into shape mineral building and ore pillar, perpendicular separation
Orebody trend mineral building and ore pillar, mineral building section arrangement shape is top ellipticity, the ellipticity ore deposit that lower part is moat ditch inverted trapezoidal shape
Room 1, ore pillar section arrangement shape is top arch shape, lower part is moat ditch inverted trapezoidal shape from steady gallery shape ore pillar 2, ellipticity mineral building
1st, wide from steady gallery shape ore pillar 1 is adjacent 3 spacing of trenching tunnel, width 25m, and length is the thickness 40m of ore body, ellipticity mineral building
1st, it is level interval 60m from steady 2 height of gallery shape ore pillar, ellipticity mineral building 1 divides segmentation in height, general point of 3 segmentations, point
13~20m of Duan Gaowei；
(2) quasi- cutting engineering is adopted：
It adopts cutting journey and mainly tunnels trenching tunnel 3, sublevel drilling tunnel 6, dress ore deposit inclined gallery 9, dress ore deposit crosscut 10 and arteries and veins outward transport
The engineerings such as defeated tunnel 11.Haulage drift 11 outside upper lower burrs arteries and veins is arranged in from the driving of arteries and veins ramp 12, haulage drift 11 is dug outside arteries and veins
Into dress ore deposit crosscut 10 and trenching tunnel 3, dress ore deposit inclined gallery 6 are dug to ore body with 45° angle every 10~12.5m in dress ore deposit crosscut.It adopts
Field bottom ore structure design is moat ditch structure, in trenching tunnel 3, sublevel drilling connecting taxiway slot raise 13, and to cut day
Well forms bottom moat ditch and cutting groove for the scope of freedom.
(3) back production：
The back production of nugget is carried out in two steps, first step back production ellipticity mineral building 1, and second step back production is from steady gallery shape ore pillar 2.With
Sweden's SANDVIK K41 drill jumboes are dug in sublevel drilling tunnel 6 and trenching tunnel 3 to fanhole(s) 4, array pitch
1.6m, bottom hole pitch are 1.8~2.0m, and rock drilling will be according to stringent blasthole in bore diameter Φ 70mm, wherein sublevel drilling tunnel 6
The angle and length of design are constructed.Emulsion, the non-quick-fried system of conductance are loaded into blasthole using emulsifying explosive loading trolley
System detonation.Each quick-fried 2~3 round, more segmentations can ore caving simultaneously, stepped working face is formed after explosion, along orebody trend
Direction is formed from steady 2 border of gallery shape ore pillar.
(4) divulge information：
It is fresh distinguished and admirable by the entrance of haulage drift 11 Bottom of Stope dress ore deposit crosscut 10 and each sublevel drilling lane outside ramp 12, arteries and veins
Road 6, behind flushing work face, waste air enters upper stage casing by another wing ramp of stope.
(5) ore removal works：
The quick-fried ore that falls is by 4m3Diesel LHD shovel dress ore in stope bottom structure dress ore deposit inclined gallery 9, through filling ore deposit crosscut
10, ore is transported to mine chute into 9 row ore removals by the outer haulage drift 11 of arteries and veins.
(6) filling operation：
After 1 ore whole haulage of ellipticity mineral building, with crude tailings paste filling material consolidated fill whole ellipticity ore deposit
1 dead zone of room forms obturation 5.
(7) from the back production of steady gallery shape ore pillar：
After after both sides, mineral building has been adopted, paste body filling and conserve 28 days obturations after, from steady gallery shape ore pillar 2 with ellipticity ore deposit
The identical method back production in room, pattern is also using fan transfer, filling all-tailing cemented filling.
Claims (4)
1. under a kind of deep high stress environment mining methods are arranged from steady gallery shape stope, it is characterized in that：Comprise the following steps：
(1) nugget is arranged：
It is the stage by ore body division, nugget is divided within the stage, then nugget is divided into mineral building and ore pillar, perpendicular separation ore body is walked
To mineral building and ore pillar, mineral building section arrangement shape is top ellipticity, the ellipticity mineral building that lower part is moat ditch inverted trapezoidal shape, ore pillar
Section arrangement shape is top arch shape, lower part is moat ditch inverted trapezoidal shape from steady gallery shape ore pillar；
(2) quasi- cutting engineering is adopted：
It adopts cutting journey and mainly tunnels the outer haulage drift of arteries and veins, sublevel drilling tunnel, dress ore deposit crosscut, dress ore deposit inclined gallery and trenching tunnel work
Journey；From arteries and veins outslope road, driving is arranged in haulage drift outside upper lower burrs arteries and veins, and tunnelling dress ore deposit crosscut and moat ditch are transported outside arteries and veins
Dress ore deposit inclined gallery are dug in tunnel with 45° angle every 10~12.5m in dress ore deposit crosscut to ore body；Bottom of Stope ore removal structure design is
Moat ditch structure, in trenching tunnel, sublevel drilling connecting taxiway slot raise, and using slot raise as the scope of freedom formed bottom moat ditch and
Cutting groove；
(3) back production：
The back production of nugget is carried out in two steps, first step back production ellipticity mineral building, and second step back production is from steady gallery shape ore pillar；It is dug in segmentation
To fanhole(s) on chisel in rock gangway road and trenching tunnel, wherein rock drilling will be according to stringent blast-hole design in sublevel drilling tunnel
Angle and length are constructed；Emulsion, non-conductivity blasting system detonation are loaded into blasthole；Each quick-fried 2~3 round, more points
Section while ore caving, form stepped working face after explosion, formed along orebody trend direction from steady gallery shape ore pillar border；
(4) divulge information：
It is fresh it is distinguished and admirable Bottom of Stope dress ore deposit crosscut and each sublevel drilling tunnel is entered by haulage drift outside ramp, arteries and veins, rinse work
After making face, waste air enters upper stage casing by another wing ramp of stope；
(5) ore removal works：
Through dress ore deposit crosscut, the outer haulage drift of arteries and veins is transported to mine chute and carries out ore removal the quick-fried ore that falls；
(6) filling operation：
It is empty with crude tailings paste filling material consolidated fill whole ellipticity mineral building after ellipticity mineral building ore whole haulage
Area；
(7) from the back production of steady gallery shape ore pillar：
After after both sides, mineral building has been adopted, paste body filling and after having conserved obturation, from steady gallery shape ore pillar with identical with ellipticity mineral building
Method back production, pattern is also using fan transfer, filling all-tailing cemented filling.
2. under deep high stress environment according to claim 1 mining methods are arranged from steady gallery shape stope, it is characterized in that：On
It states in step (1), nugget arrangement：Ellipticity mineral building, it is wide from steady gallery shape ore pillar be adjacent trenching tunnel spacing, width for 20~
30m, length are the thickness of ore body, and ellipticity mineral building is 40~60m of level interval from steady gallery shape ore pillar height, ellipticity mineral building
Division segmentation in height, general point of 3 segmentations, is segmented a height of 13~20m.
3. mining methods, feature are arranged from steady gallery shape stope under deep high stress environment according to claim 1 or 2
It is：In above-mentioned steps (3) back production：Emulsion is loaded into blasthole using emulsifying explosive loading trolley, non-conductivity blasting system rises
It is quick-fried.
4. mining methods, feature are arranged from steady gallery shape stope under deep high stress environment according to claim 1 or 2
It is：In the work of above-mentioned steps (5) ore removal：The quick-fried ore that falls shovels dress ore deposit by diesel LHD in stope bottom structure dress ore deposit inclined gallery
Stone, through filling ore deposit crosscut, ore is transported to mine chute and carries out ore removal by the outer haulage drift of arteries and veins.
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| SE2130072A1 (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-11-21 | Luossavaara Kiirunavaara Ab | Mining method for mining ore from an ore body P |
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| CN110332865A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-15 | 中南大学 | Deep high stress stope upper centripetal deep hole combined blasting method |
| CN112412456B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-08-23 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司 | 'Yue' -shaped mining method suitable for vertical continuous mining of thick and large ore body |
| CN113047835B (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-04-15 | 中南大学 | Deep well thick and large ore body mining method integrating emptying, caving and filling |
| CN113047838A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-06-29 | 北京科技大学 | Fine and safe stoping method for mining stagnant and retained gallery ore by subsection or stage open stope method |
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| SU690186A1 (en) * | 1972-09-25 | 1979-10-05 | Научно-исследовательский институт по проблемам Курской магнитной аномалии им. Л.Д.Шевякова | Mineral excavating method |
| US4017121A (en) * | 1974-11-25 | 1977-04-12 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Longwall mining of trona with prefracturing to prevent slabbing |
| CN101105129B (en) * | 2007-07-16 | 2010-05-19 | 中南大学 | Mining environment reconstructed continuous mining afterwards filling mining method |
| CN102011589B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-10-10 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Stope bottom structure suitable for underground two-step mining and production process thereof |
| CN102182461A (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-09-14 | 山东黄金矿业（玲珑）有限公司 | Efficient mining method for thick metal ore body in slanting |
| CN102953732A (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2013-03-06 | 彭康 | Room-and-pillar major-diameter longhole inverted-step-like segmented lateral caving subsequent filling mining method |
| CN105822306B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-12-29 | 河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司 | Inclined thick gulf is even across the mineral building construction design method of structural system |
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| SE2130072A1 (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-11-21 | Luossavaara Kiirunavaara Ab | Mining method for mining ore from an ore body P |
| SE544509C2 (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2022-06-28 | Luossavaara Kiirunavaara Ab | Mining method for mining ore from an ore body |
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