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CN106648541B - A kind of device and method generating true random number based on twin light beam - Google Patents

A kind of device and method generating true random number based on twin light beam Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106648541B
CN106648541B CN201610903070.7A CN201610903070A CN106648541B CN 106648541 B CN106648541 B CN 106648541B CN 201610903070 A CN201610903070 A CN 201610903070A CN 106648541 B CN106648541 B CN 106648541B
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random number
signal
true random
light beam
processing system
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CN106648541A (en
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苏晓龙
张强
邓晓玮
田彩星
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Shanxi University
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F7/00Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled
    • G06F7/58Random or pseudo-random number generators
    • G06F7/588Random number generators, i.e. based on natural stochastic processes

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  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of device and method generating true random number based on twin light beam, described device includes laser, nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator, optical beam splitting system, detection and signal processing system.Detection and signal processing system include two photodetectors and follow-up signal processing system;The pump light of laser output is injected into nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator, the twin light beam of exportable a pair of of the polarized orthogonal of nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator, twin light beam is divided into two bundles light field by its own polarization through optical beam splitting system, the intensity noise of two beam twin light beams is separately detected with two photodetectors, intensity noise signal therefrom extracts two column true random numbers through follow-up signal processing system.The present invention is operable with both of which, by the intensity noise of direct detection twin light beam, can export true random number or two of two column with quantum randomness simultaneously and arrange associated true random number completely.The true random number of generation, rate and randomness with higher.

Description

A kind of device and method generating true random number based on twin light beam
Technical field
The invention belongs to random signal source technical fields.More particularly to a kind of dress for generating true random number based on twin light beam It sets and method.
Background technique
Random number cryptography, communication, in terms of extensive application.Random number can be divided into pseudo random number and very with Machine number.Pseudo random number generally passes through computerized algorithm and has the generation of limit for length's seed sequence, has some cycles and predictability, Once grasping operation law can crack easily.The generation of true random number is derived from and extracts random information from actual physical phenomenon, The random number of generation has very high uncertain and reliability.The physical resource for generating true random number at present has: chaotic systems, heat Noise, the oscillator of free-running, quantum random process etc..
Quantum random number generator generates random number using the Quantum Properties in physical accidental source.Compared to classical random number, The uncertainty of quantum random number randomness caused by collapse after measurement or vacuum disturbance in the quantum event introduce with Machine noise, in the higher field of confidentiality requirement, quantum random number has higher repellence to hacker attack and information leakage And safety.
Miguel Herrero-Collantes et al. delivered entitled " Quantum in 2016 on arXiv The review paper [arXiv:/quant-ph 1604.03304v1] of Random Number Generators ", wherein outlining Currently based on the method that light field generates quantum random number, photon counting, decaying pulse, laser phase noise, Raman are specifically included that Scattering, quantum vacuum fluctuating, optical parametric oscillator etc..
Christian Gabriel et al. delivered entitled " A in 2010 on Nature Photonics The paper of generator for unique quantum random numbers based on vacuum states " [Nat. Photon. 4,711-715, (2010)], the job applications homodyne detection technology pass through the orthogonal of measurement vacuum state Amplitude component, obtains that quantum randomness is very strong, the very high quantum random number of environment immunity.
Theoretical and experimental study shows to work in twin light caused by the nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator of threshold value or more Beam has very strong Quantum Correlation characteristic, their intensity difference noise is lower than shot noise limit.It is 1987, French Giacobino study group is for the first time using frequency stabilization argon ion laser as light source, by converting under nondegenerate parametric by twin light beam Between intensity difference noise power be reduced to shot noise limit or less 30% [Phys. Rev. Lett. 59,2555-2557, (1987)];1998,88%) it is that the experiment of photoelectricity research institute, University Of Shanxi, which is obtained lower than the shot noise limit 9.2dB(degree of association, Twin light beam [Opt. Lett. 23,870 (1998)];2013, Julien Laurat et al. used semi-monolithic lumen type Three Resonant parametric oscillators, produce intensity difference squeezed state light field (the twin light lower than shot noise limit 9.7dB Beam) [Opt. Lett. 30,1177-1179, (2005)];2015, Avik Dutt et al. utilized silicon nitride micro-optical Parametric oscillator generates the intensity difference squeezed state light field (twin light beam) for being lower than shot noise limit 1.7dB, realizes based on light Learn the preparation [Phys. Rev. Appl. 3,044005, (2015)] of the twin light beam of chip.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device and methods that true random number is generated based on twin light beam.
A kind of device generating true random number based on twin light beam of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions realization : it is a kind of based on twin light beam generate true random number device, including laser, sequentially be located at laser emitting optical path on it is non- Degenerate Optical Parametric Oscillator and optical beam splitting system;It further include detection and signal processing system;Detection and signal processing system System includes the first photodetector, the second photodetector and follow-up signal processing system;Two photodetectors distinguish position In on two emitting light paths of optical beam splitting system;The signal output end of two photodetectors with follow-up signal processing system Signal input part be connected;Follow-up signal processing system exports the true random number or two that two column have quantum randomness outward Arrange associated true random number completely.
The pump light of the laser output is injected into nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator.
The nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator works in threshold value or more, the twin light of exportable a pair of polarized orthogonal Beam, the intensity noise completely random of twin light beam, and also there are intensity correlations and quantum entanglement between twin light beam.Twin light beam It is divided into two bundles light field by its own polarization through optical beam splitting system, it is separately detected using two photodetectors.
Two photodetectors pass through balance calibration, and common-mode rejection ratio with higher is distinguished with two photodetectors The intensity noise for detecting two beam twin light beams, converts optical signal into corresponding electric signal.Intensity noise signal (i.e. photodetection The electric signal that device is acquired and converted) through follow-up signal processing system, it is converted into initial random data.By the way that follow-up signal is arranged The parameter of random number post processor in processing system can make device work in two kinds of different modes (mode 1 and mode 2).? Under mode 1, by the way that the random number recovery rate of random number post processor is arranged, extractable two column out of device have quantum randomness True random number and output;Under mode 2, by the way that random number post processor is arranged, to being selected after initial random data, then It is handled through random number post processor, device is extractable two to be arranged associated true random number completely and export out.
Further, follow-up signal processing system includes signal source, the first frequency mixer, the second frequency mixer, the first low pass filtered Wave device, the second low-pass filter and a data acquisition and after-treatment system;The signal source respectively with two frequency mixers Signal input part is connected;The signal output end of first photodetector is connected with the signal input part of the first frequency mixer;The The signal output end of two photodetectors is connected with the signal input part of the second frequency mixer;The signal output end of first frequency mixer It is connected with the signal input part of the first low-pass filter, the letter of the signal output end of the second frequency mixer and the second low-pass filter Number input terminal is connected;Signal input part of the signal output end of two low-pass filters with data acquisition and after-treatment system It is connected.
A kind of method generating true random number based on twin light beam of the present invention (it is random with quantum to generate two column Property true random number method) adopt the following technical solutions realization: it is a kind of based on twin light beam generate true random number side The pump light of method, laser output is injected into nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator, and nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator works in threshold More than value, the twin light beam of exportable a pair of polarized orthogonal, twin light beam is divided into two by its own polarization through optical beam splitting system Beam light field, two photodetectors separately detect the intensity noise of two beam twin light beams, and the intensity noise of twin light beam is turned It is input to follow-up signal processing system after being changed to corresponding intensity noise electric signal, what intensity noise electric signal and signal source exported Local signal mixing and filtering is converted into initial random data through data acquisition and after-treatment system.It is acquired by setting data Random number post processor with setting in after-treatment system, works in device under mode 1.In mode 1, random by being arranged The random number recovery rate of number post processor, is allowed to equal with the minimum entropy of random number sequence, at random number post processor Reason, extractable two column out of device have true random numbers and the output of quantum randomness.
A kind of method generating true random number based on twin light beam of the present invention (it is completely associated true to generate two column The method of random number) adopt the following technical solutions realization: a method of true random number, laser are generated based on twin light beam The pump light of device output is injected into nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator, and nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator works in threshold value or more, The twin light beam of exportable a pair of polarized orthogonal, twin light beam are divided into two bundles light field by its own polarization through optical beam splitting system, Two photodetectors separately detect the intensity noise of two beam twin light beams, and the intensity noise of twin light beam is converted to accordingly Intensity noise electric signal after be input to follow-up signal processing system, the local signal of intensity noise electric signal and signal source output Mixing and filtering is converted into initial random data through data acquisition and after-treatment system.It acquires and post-processes by setting data The random number post processor set in system, works in device under mode 2.Under mode 2, post-processed by setting random number Program, random number post processor filter out identical ratio in two column datas first to selecting after the initial random data of acquisition Spy, then handled through random number post processor, device is extractable two to be arranged associated true random number completely and exports out.
The device and method provided by the invention for generating true random number based on twin light beam has following compared with congenic method Advantage:
1. the present invention selects twin light beam as stochastic source, a nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator is only utilized, it can be simultaneously Generate the true random number that two column have quantum randomness;
2. the intensity noise of direct detection twin light beam of the present invention generates truly random compared to general randomizer Number, intensity noise is easy to obtain and production code rate is higher;
3. the present invention directly detects distribution of light intensity, a column random data can be obtained by a photodetector, very Measuring device is simplified in big degree, cost is relatively low;
4. the present invention is operable with both of which (mode 1, mode 2).It works under mode 1, two column tool can be generated simultaneously There is the true random number of quantum randomness;It works under mode 2, by the way that two can be generated simultaneously to selecting after initial random data Arrange associated true random number completely.In the emulation of interconnected system, secret communication, before the fields such as quantum calculation have wide application Scape.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, it is of the present invention it is a kind of based on twin light beam generate two column true random numbers device structural schematic diagram it One.
Fig. 2, it is of the present invention it is a kind of based on twin light beam generate two column true random numbers device structural schematic diagram it Two.
Two big powers' degree noise signal versus time curves that Fig. 3, the present invention generate, wherein (a), (b) is respectively to visit Survey device 7A, the intensity noise signal versus time curve that 7B is generated.
Fig. 4 is the intensity noise signal versus time curve that detector 7A and 7B are generated.
Fig. 5 is the randomness testing result for the two column true random numbers that the present invention generates under operating mode 1.
Fig. 6 is the randomness testing result for the two column true random numbers that the present invention generates under operating mode 2.
1- laser, 2- nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator, 3- optical beam splitting system, 4- detection and signal processing system, 5- half-wave plate, 6- prism, the first photodetector of 7A-, the second photodetector of 7B-, 8- follow-up signal processing system, 9-KTP Crystal, 10- concave mirror, 11- signal source, the first frequency mixer of 12A-, the second frequency mixer of 12B-, the first low-pass filter of 13A-, The second low-pass filter of 13B-, the acquisition of 14- data and after-treatment system.
Specific embodiment
It is a kind of based on twin light beam generate true random number device, including laser 1, sequentially be located at 1 emergent light of laser The nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator 2 and optical beam splitting system 3 of road;It further include detection and signal processing system 4;Detection and Signal processing system 4 includes the first photodetector 7A, the second photodetector 7B and follow-up signal processing system 8;Two Photodetector is located on two emitting light paths of optical beam splitting system 3;The signal output end of two photodetectors is equal It is connected with the signal input part of follow-up signal processing system 8;Follow-up signal processing system 8 outward output two column have quantum with The true random number of machine or two column associated true random number completely.
Follow-up signal processing system 8 includes signal source 11, the first frequency mixer 12A, the second frequency mixer 12B, the first low pass filtered Wave device 13A, the second low-pass filter 13B and a data acquisition and after-treatment system 14;The signal source 11 is respectively with two The signal input part of a frequency mixer is connected;The signal of the signal output end of first photodetector 7A and the first frequency mixer 12A Input terminal is connected;The signal output end of second photodetector 7B is connected with the signal input part of the second frequency mixer 12B;The The signal output end of one frequency mixer 12A is connected with the signal input part of the first low-pass filter 13A, the second frequency mixer 12B's Signal output end is connected with the signal input part of the second low-pass filter 13B;The signal output end of two low-pass filters is equal It is connected with the signal input part of data acquisition and after-treatment system 14.
The nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator 2 includes ktp crystal 9 and concave mirror 10.
The optical beam splitting system 3 includes the half-wave being sequentially located on 2 emitting light path of nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator Piece 5 and prism 6;First photodetector 7A is located on the transmitted light path of prism 6, and the second photodetector 7B is located at prism 6 On reflected light path.
The laser 1 is Nd:YAP/LBO laser, and the laser that exportable central wavelength is 540nm is as pumping Light is injected into nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator 2.
The nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator 2 includes the II class ktp crystal 9 and a concave mirror 10 of α cutting. Lumen type uses semi-monolithic cavity configuration, to reduce by a hysteroscope, reduces excess loss.The front surface of ktp crystal 9 plates the@of T=3% The reflectance coating (related with the wavelength of laser used) that 540nm and 1080nm are all-trans, as Input coupling mirror;The plating of concave mirror 10 T= The reflectance coating that 12.5%@1080nm and 540nm is all-trans is fixed on a piezoelectric ceramics, as output coupling mirror for locking Nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator 2 is long to resonant cavity.540nm pump light is incident in resonant cavity by ktp crystal 9, intracavitary Annular after a week, is emitted from concave mirror 10.When nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator 2 works in threshold value or more, exportable a pair is partially Shake orthogonal twin light beam, the intensity noise completely random of twin light beam, and there are intensity correlations and amount between twin light beam Son tangles.
The optical beam splitting system 3 includes half-wave plate 5 and prism 6.Twin light beam is sent out by half-wave plate rear polarizer direction Raw rotation.When the light that twin light beam plane of polarization is 22.5 degree relative to prism projecting direction angle, and two photodetectors export Shot noise limit is corresponded to after current subtraction;When twin light beam plane of polarization is 0 degree relative to prism projecting direction angle, twin light Beam is divided into two bundles light field by its own polarization after optical beam splitting system 3, measures two beams respectively using two photodetectors The intensity noise of light field, the photoelectric current of two photodetectors output correspond to the intensity difference noise of twin light beam after subtracting each other.
The photoelectric tube that two photodetectors use is FD500W, by balance calibration, common-mode rejection ratio with higher. The intensity noise that two beam twin light beams are separately detected with two photodetectors, converts optical signal into electric signal.Frequency mixer is The integrated-optic device of Mini-Circuits company production, model ZAD-6+.The cutoff frequency of low-pass filter is 300kHz.The 4MHz local signal that the AC signal of two photodetectors output is exported with signal source 11 is mixed through frequency mixer Frequently, low-pass filtered device filters out high-frequency signal to mixed frequency signal respectively, to extract the intensity noise letter of 3.7MHz ~ 4.3MHz Number.Data acquisition and after-treatment system 14 include 5153 high-speed data acquisition card of NI and random number post processor.NI 5153 High-speed data acquisition card samples intensity noise signal with 10MHz sample rate, and by sampled point be converted into the two of 8 bits into Code processed, to obtain the initial random data of two column.
Random number post processor uses SHA-512 one way hash function.By the way that random number post processor is arranged, make to fill It sets and works in two kinds of different modes (mode 1, mode 2).
Under operating mode 1, initial random data is divided into multiple sons by specific length by random number post processor Section, subsegment length is obtained by calculating the minimum entropy of random number sequence, so as to which the random of random number post processor is arranged Number recovery rate, is allowed to equal with the minimum entropy of random number sequence.Input value of each subsegment as SHA-512 function, through SHA-512 Function filters out classical noise, finally extracts true random number of two column with quantum randomness and output.
Under operating mode 2, by the way that random number post processor is arranged, random number post processor is first to the initial of acquisition Random data after select, identical bit in two column datas is filtered out, as the input value of SHA-512 function, through SHA-512 Function processing, finally extracts the completely associated true random number of two column and exports.
Fig. 3 provides two big powers' degree noise signal versus time curves that the present invention generates, wherein (a), (b) is respectively Detector 7A, the intensity noise signal versus time curve that 7B is generated, Fig. 4 are the intensity noise that detector 7A and 7B are generated Signal versus time curve.It can be seen that two column signals associate feature with higher.Twin light beam is measured in experiment Intensity quantum correlated noise is lower than corresponding 5.9 dB of shot noise limit, and the degree of association corresponding to two column noise signals is about 74.3%.If improving the intensity quantum correlated noise of twin light beam, that is, the degree of association of this two column noise signal can be improved.
We are using the NIST-STS statistical check packet for examining randomness general to two kinds of operating modes (mode 1, mode 2) Under obtained two column true random numbers detected respectively, to judge the quality of random number sequence.The testing result of mode 1 such as Fig. 5, 15 testing standards that there is two column of output the true random number of quantum randomness to have passed through NIST-STS statistical check packet, it was demonstrated that The device and method proposed using us can generate the true random number that two column have quantum randomness;The detection knot of mode 2 Fruit such as Fig. 6, the two of output arrange 15 testing standards that associated true random number completely has passed through NIST-STS statistical check packet, and The testing result of two column random numbers is identical, it was demonstrated that it is completely associated that the device and method proposed using us can generate two column True random number.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of device for generating true random number based on twin light beam, which is characterized in that including laser (1), be sequentially located at and swash Nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (2) and optical beam splitting system (3) on light device (1) emitting light path;It further include detection and letter Number processing system (4);Detection and signal processing system (4) include the first photodetector (7A), the second photodetector (7B) And follow-up signal processing system (8);Two photodetectors are located at two emitting light paths of optical beam splitting system (3) On;The signal output end of two photodetectors is connected with the signal input part of follow-up signal processing system (8);Subsequent letter Two column of output have the true random number of quantum randomness or two arrange associated true random number completely outward for number processing system (8);
Follow-up signal processing system (8) includes signal source (11), the first frequency mixer (12A), the second frequency mixer (12B), first low Bandpass filter (13A), the second low-pass filter (13B) and a data acquisition and after-treatment system (14);The signal source (11) it is connected respectively with the signal input part of two frequency mixers;The signal output end of first photodetector (7A) and first mixes The signal input part of frequency device (12A) is connected;The signal output end and the second frequency mixer (12B) of second photodetector (7B) Signal input part be connected;The signal output end of first frequency mixer (12A) and the signal of the first low-pass filter (13A) input End is connected, and the signal output end of the second frequency mixer (12B) is connected with the signal input part of the second low-pass filter (13B); The signal output end of two low-pass filters is connected with the signal input part of data acquisition and after-treatment system (14);
The nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (2) includes ktp crystal (9) and concave mirror (10);
The optical beam splitting system (3) includes the half-wave being sequentially located on nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (2) emitting light path Piece (5) and prism (6);First photodetector (7A) is located on the transmitted light path of prism (6), the position the second photodetector (7B) In on the reflected light path of prism (6).
2. a kind of method for generating true random number based on twin light beam, is realized: laser using device as described in claim 1 (1) pump light exported is injected into nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (2), and nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (2) works in threshold More than value, the twin light beam of exportable a pair of polarized orthogonal, twin light beam is divided into through optical beam splitting system (3) by its own polarization Two-beam field, two photodetectors separately detect the intensity noise of two beam twin light beams, and by the intensity noise of twin light beam Follow-up signal processing system (8), intensity noise electric signal and signal source are input to after being converted to corresponding intensity noise electric signal (11) the local signal mixing and filtering exported, at data acquisition and after-treatment system (14) interior random number post processor set Reason, and then therefrom extract true random number or two of two column with quantum randomness and arrange associated true random number and defeated completely Out.
3. a kind of method for generating true random number based on twin light beam as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that pass through setting The random number recovery rate of the random number post processor set in data acquisition and after-treatment system (14), then post-processed through random number Program processing, extractable two column out of device have true random numbers and the output of quantum randomness.
4. a kind of method for generating true random number based on twin light beam as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that pass through setting The random number post processor set in data acquisition and after-treatment system (14), random number post processor is first to the initial of acquisition Random data after select, filter out identical bit in two column datas, then handle through random number post processor, device can mention Two are taken out to arrange associated true random number completely and export.
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CN111522530B (en) * 2019-02-03 2023-07-18 华为技术有限公司 Quantum random number generator and key generation system
CN110830123B (en) * 2019-11-12 2022-04-08 郑州轻工业学院 Entanglement state-based quantum information beam splitting device suitable for twin double-beam coding
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