CN106647571A - Motion control system and method capable of supporting cognition - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种支持认知的运动控制系统及方法。系统包括:以太网接口单元、以太网控制单元、SRAM存储单元、主控单元、控制单元、指示灯单元、供电单元,以及:运动控制功能库模块、控制模块、EtherCAT总线通信模块、程序监听模块。所述主控单元分别与以太网控制单元、SRAM存储单元、通信接口转换单元、按键单元、指示灯单元、供电单元呈星形连接;所述供电单元为所有单元供电。本发明不仅能够将伺服驱动器所需数据进行实时采集和传输,还能将数据定义出CANopen应用层模型进行统一管理,同时本发明还提出了一套支持认知学习的解决方案。
The invention discloses a cognition-supporting motion control system and method. The system includes: Ethernet interface unit, Ethernet control unit, SRAM storage unit, main control unit, control unit, indicator unit, power supply unit, and: motion control function library module, control module, EtherCAT bus communication module, program monitoring module . The main control unit is connected in a star shape with the Ethernet control unit, the SRAM storage unit, the communication interface conversion unit, the key unit, the indicator light unit and the power supply unit; the power supply unit supplies power to all the units. The invention can not only collect and transmit the data required by the servo driver in real time, but also define the data into a CANopen application layer model for unified management, and meanwhile, the invention also proposes a set of solutions for supporting cognitive learning.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及实时通讯运动控制技术领域,特别涉及一种支持认知的运动控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of real-time communication motion control, in particular to a motion control method supporting cognition.
背景技术Background technique
运动控制(MC)是自动化的一个分支,它使用通称为伺服机构的一些设备如液压泵,线性执行机或者是电机来控制机器的位置或速度。运动控制在机器人和数控机床的领域内的应用要比在专用机器中的应用更复杂,因为后者运动形式更简单,通常被称为通用运动控制(GMC)。运动控制被广泛应用在包装、印刷、纺织和装配工业中。Motion Control (MC) is a branch of automation that uses devices known as servos such as hydraulic pumps, linear actuators or electric motors to control the position or speed of a machine. The application of motion control in the field of robotics and CNC machine tools is more complex than in the application of special-purpose machines, because the latter has a simpler form of motion, and is often called general motion control (GMC). Motion control is widely used in packaging, printing, textile and assembly industries.
运动控制起源于早期的伺服控制。简单地说,运动控制就是对机械运动部件的位置、速度等进行实时的控制管理,使其按照预期的运动轨迹和规定的运动参数进行运动。早期的运动控制技术主要是伴随着数控技术、机器人技术和工厂自动化技术的发展而发展的。早期的运动控制器实际上是可以独立运行的专用的控制器,往往无需另外的处理器和操作系统支持,可以独立完成运动控制功能、工艺技术要求的其他功能和人机交互功能。这类控制器可以成为独立运行的运动控制器。这类控制器主要针对专门的数控机械和其他自动化设备而设计,往往已根据应用行业的工艺要求设计了相关的功能,用户只需要按照其协议要求编写应用加工代码文件,利用RS232或者DNC方式传输到控制器,控制器即可完成相关的动作。这类控制器往往不能离开其特定的工艺要求而跨行业应用,控制器的开放性仅仅依赖于控制器的加工代码协议,用户不能根据应用要求而重组自己的运动控制系统。Motion control originated from early servo control. Simply put, motion control is the real-time control and management of the position and speed of mechanical moving parts, so that they can move according to the expected motion trajectory and specified motion parameters. The early motion control technology was mainly developed along with the development of numerical control technology, robot technology and factory automation technology. Early motion controllers are actually dedicated controllers that can run independently, often without additional processor and operating system support, and can independently complete motion control functions, other functions required by process technology, and human-computer interaction functions. Such controllers can become stand-alone motion controllers. This type of controller is mainly designed for specialized CNC machinery and other automation equipment, and often has related functions designed according to the process requirements of the application industry. Users only need to write application processing code files according to the protocol requirements, and use RS232 or DNC to transmit. To the controller, the controller can complete the relevant actions. This type of controller often cannot be applied across industries without its specific process requirements. The openness of the controller only depends on the processing code protocol of the controller, and users cannot reorganize their own motion control systems according to application requirements.
随着运动控制领域的飞速发展,实时通信需求的不断提升,工业控制器方向由传统的以秒为单位的同步控制演变到微秒级控制。EtherCAT总线技术就是为了适应于更高速的通信速度而提出。目前工业领域主流的总线技术包括Powerlink、CAN总线等,配合不同的厂商多领域的涉及,已经将实时通信技术延展到了更多的领域。With the rapid development of the field of motion control and the continuous improvement of real-time communication requirements, the direction of industrial controllers has evolved from traditional synchronous control in seconds to microsecond-level control. EtherCAT bus technology is proposed to adapt to higher communication speed. At present, the mainstream bus technologies in the industrial field include Powerlink, CAN bus, etc., and with the involvement of different manufacturers in multiple fields, the real-time communication technology has been extended to more fields.
针对运动控制领域,各大厂家都提出了基于快速总线通信的解决方案。运动控制产品主要以运动控制卡和运动模型库为主。但现有运动控制器多固化了运动控制模块,在面对应用场景变更,控制要求变更等情况下,都要进行重新设计重新编译部署等工作,因此大大的限制了运动控制器的灵活性。同时现有运动控制器与驱动器之间通信协议种类繁多,因此需要一套标准的通信协议定义出一套通用性的应用层协议格式。In the field of motion control, major manufacturers have proposed solutions based on fast bus communication. Motion control products mainly include motion control cards and motion model libraries. However, most of the existing motion controllers have solidified motion control modules. In the face of changes in application scenarios and control requirements, work such as redesign, recompilation and deployment must be carried out, which greatly limits the flexibility of motion controllers. At the same time, there are many kinds of communication protocols between the existing motion controller and the driver, so a set of standard communication protocols is needed to define a set of general application layer protocol formats.
综上所述,运动控制器在实现运动控制功能的基础上,还应该支持认知学习,实现对实际运动控制效果的在线调整。另一方面针对通信协议各异、标准不统一的问题,设计基于CANopen应用层协议的运动控制器,将运动控制参数统一映射到构建的统一地址模型中,并通过通信层EtherCAT接口进行实时控制。To sum up, on the basis of realizing the motion control function, the motion controller should also support cognitive learning and realize the online adjustment of the actual motion control effect. On the other hand, aiming at the problems of different communication protocols and inconsistent standards, a motion controller based on the CANopen application layer protocol is designed, and the motion control parameters are uniformly mapped to the unified address model constructed, and real-time control is performed through the communication layer EtherCAT interface.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,提供了一种支持认知的运动控制方法。针对现有技术中存在的上述不足之处,克服现有控制器存在的不足,提供一种基于EtherCAT技术的运动控制方法,不仅能够将伺服驱动器所需数据进行实时采集和传输,还能将数据定义出CANopen应用层模型进行统一管理。同时本发明还提出了一套支持认知学习的解决方案。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a motion control method supporting cognition. Aiming at the above inadequacies existing in the existing technology and overcoming the inadequacies existing in the existing controller, a motion control method based on EtherCAT technology is provided, which can not only collect and transmit the data required by the servo driver in real time, but also transfer the data to Define the CANopen application layer model for unified management. At the same time, the invention also proposes a set of solutions for supporting cognitive learning.
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种支持认知的运动控制系统,包括:以太网接口单元、以太网控制单元、SRAM存储单元、主控单元、控制单元、指示灯单元、供电单元,以及:运动控制功能库模块、控制模块、EtherCAT总线通信模块、程序监听模块。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a motion control system that supports cognition, including: Ethernet interface unit, Ethernet control unit, SRAM storage unit, main control unit, control unit, indicator light unit, power supply unit, And: motion control function library module, control module, EtherCAT bus communication module, program monitoring module.
所述主控单元优选分别与以太网控制单元、SRAM存储单元、通信接口转换单元、按键单元、指示灯单元、供电单元呈星形连接;所述供电单元为所有单元供电。The main control unit is preferably connected to the Ethernet control unit, the SRAM storage unit, the communication interface conversion unit, the key unit, the indicator light unit, and the power supply unit respectively in a star shape; the power supply unit supplies power to all the units.
所述供电单元优选进一步包括降压开关电源模块及其外围保护、滤波、稳压电路;所述降压开关电源模块的输入端连接有防浪涌电路,使本网关具有抗雷击和冲击的性能;所述降压开关电源模块将输入的220V交流电压变为5V直流电压;所述降压开关电源模块和线性稳压器的输出端都设置有滤波电路。The power supply unit preferably further includes a step-down switching power supply module and its peripheral protection, filtering, and voltage stabilization circuits; the input end of the step-down switching power supply module is connected with an anti-surge circuit, so that the gateway has the performance of anti-lightning and impact ; The step-down switching power supply module changes the input 220V AC voltage into 5V DC voltage; the output terminals of the step-down switching power supply module and the linear voltage regulator are both provided with filter circuits.
所述运动控制功能库模块,可以用于根据被控对象的控制模型建立控制算法库;The motion control function library module can be used to establish a control algorithm library according to the control model of the controlled object;
所述控制模块,可以用于控制被控对象执行运动指令的应用程序主逻辑进程;The control module can be used to control the main logic process of the application program in which the controlled object executes motion instructions;
所述EtherCAT总线通信模块,可以用于控制器和伺服驱动器之间的总线通信,包括状态采集和指令传输;The EtherCAT bus communication module can be used for bus communication between the controller and the servo driver, including state acquisition and instruction transmission;
所述程序监听模块,可以用于处理运动控制器的请求响应,其中包括基于网络的更新请求和基于硬件按键的中断请求。The program monitoring module can be used to process the request response of the motion controller, including network-based update requests and hardware key-based interrupt requests.
为解决上述技术问题,本发明又提供了一种如前述任一项所述支持认知的运动控制系统的使用方法,包括以下步骤:In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides a method for using the cognition-supporting motion control system as described in any one of the foregoing, including the following steps:
步骤S1:上电,初始化运动控制器;Step S1: Power on, initialize the motion controller;
步骤S2:执行运动控制主程序,同时触发执行监听线程和EtherCAT总线通信线程;Step S2: Execute the motion control main program, and simultaneously trigger the execution of the monitoring thread and the EtherCAT bus communication thread;
步骤S3:通过EtherCAT总线协议,检查网络结构,初始化伺服驱动器,实时采集伺服驱动器状态信息;Step S3: through the EtherCAT bus protocol, check the network structure, initialize the servo driver, and collect the status information of the servo driver in real time;
步骤S4:读取伺服驱动器状态参数和运动控制指令解析运动控制模型,生成运动控制指令,若运动控制指令为空,则等待;Step S4: Read the servo drive status parameters and motion control instructions to analyze the motion control model, generate motion control instructions, and wait if the motion control instructions are empty;
步骤S5:实时传输运动控制指令,重复步骤S3;Step S5: transmit the motion control command in real time, and repeat step S3;
步骤S6:若触发硬件中断触发,则执行步骤S1;若触发网络更新请求,则执行程序下载,完毕后执行步骤S1。Step S6: If a hardware interrupt trigger is triggered, execute step S1; if a network update request is triggered, execute program download, and execute step S1 after completion.
为解决上述技术问题,本发明另提供了一种支持认知的运动控制方法,包括以下步骤:In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides a cognitive-supported motion control method, comprising the following steps:
主控单元执行运动控制主进程,并触发EtherCAT总线通信线程和监听线程;The main control unit executes the motion control main process, and triggers the EtherCAT bus communication thread and listening thread;
通过EtherCAT总线通信线程,根据EtherCAT总线通信层协议检查网络结构、初始化伺服驱动器;Through the EtherCAT bus communication thread, check the network structure and initialize the servo driver according to the EtherCAT bus communication layer protocol;
通过监听线程对信号量进行监听:当监听到中断信号,则主控单元重置;当监听到认知线程发送的变更请求时,进行在线更新;Monitor the semaphore through the monitoring thread: when the interrupt signal is detected, the main control unit is reset; when the change request sent by the cognitive thread is monitored, online update is performed;
同时,通过运动控制主进程解析上位机发来的运动控制任务:根据运动控制任务确定伺服驱动器状态信息参数列表和运动控制指令;At the same time, analyze the motion control tasks sent by the host computer through the main motion control process: determine the servo drive status information parameter list and motion control instructions according to the motion control tasks;
根据EtherCAT总线应用层协议实时采集伺服驱动器状态信息,并解析运动控制模型生成控制命令实时传输给伺服驱动器。According to the EtherCAT bus application layer protocol, the status information of the servo drive is collected in real time, and the motion control model is analyzed to generate control commands and transmitted to the servo drive in real time.
所述伺服驱动器状态信息优选根据CIA402应用层协议封装,包括状态字、实时速度信息、实时扭矩信息、实时末端位置信息、当前运动控制模式。The servo drive status information is preferably encapsulated according to the CIA402 application layer protocol, including status word, real-time speed information, real-time torque information, real-time terminal position information, and current motion control mode.
所述运动控制指令优选根据CIA402应用层协议封装,包括指令字、速度信息、扭矩信息、末端位置信息、运动控制模式。The motion control instructions are preferably encapsulated according to the CIA402 application layer protocol, including instruction words, speed information, torque information, terminal position information, and motion control modes.
所述认知线程优选用于解析控制器配置信息,监控系统主状态机,检查系统库更新以及想主进程发送变更请求的辅助控制线程。The cognitive thread is preferably an auxiliary control thread for parsing controller configuration information, monitoring the system's main state machine, checking for system library updates, and sending change requests to the main process.
所述认知线程发送变更请求优选包括:当认知线程在监控控制器主状态机和运行库时发现主状态机或运行库有新版本,或者,当基于历史数据的认知学习发现有更优化参数产生时,由认知线程向主进程发送变更请求,主进程调用系统更新服务。The change request sent by the cognitive thread preferably includes: when the cognitive thread is monitoring the main state machine and the runtime of the controller, it is found that there is a new version of the main state machine or the runtime, or when the cognitive learning based on historical data finds that there is a newer version. When optimization parameters are generated, the cognitive thread sends a change request to the main process, and the main process invokes the system update service.
本发明产生的有益效果包括:The beneficial effects produced by the present invention include:
1.采用支持认知的运动控制器进行运动控制,适用于运动控制研究阶段、调试阶段以及后期维护阶段,覆盖整个运动控制产品的生命周期,使运动控制器能够最大限度的适配不同被控对象,大大的降低了维护成本,同时适应于算法研究过程中对在线调试的要求,复用性强。1. Use motion controllers that support cognition for motion control, which is suitable for motion control research phases, debugging phases, and post-maintenance phases, covering the entire life cycle of motion control products, so that motion controllers can adapt to different controlled objects to the greatest extent. object, which greatly reduces the maintenance cost, and at the same time adapts to the requirements of online debugging in the process of algorithm research, and has strong reusability.
2.本设计通过监听线程的方式实现了运动功能模块的在线更新,使得运动控制器能够最大限度的应用于复杂运动控制场景,同时依托EtherCAT总线接口实现实时控制,网络结构非常灵活。2. This design realizes the online update of the motion function module by monitoring the thread, so that the motion controller can be applied to the complex motion control scene to the maximum extent. At the same time, it relies on the EtherCAT bus interface to realize real-time control, and the network structure is very flexible.
3.能够真正实现运动控制应用层接口的统一化。运动控制器内置EtherCAT通信协议,并通过CANopen应用层协议将伺服驱动器状态参数和控制命令实时进行通信,并且能够保障同步周期在100微秒以内,实现快速有效的运动控制解决方案。3. It can truly realize the unification of motion control application layer interface. The motion controller has a built-in EtherCAT communication protocol, and communicates the servo drive status parameters and control commands in real time through the CANopen application layer protocol, and can ensure that the synchronization cycle is within 100 microseconds, realizing a fast and effective motion control solution.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例所述支持认知的运动控制系统结构图;FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a motion control system supporting cognition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例所述支持认知的运动控制方法工作原理图;FIG. 2 is a working principle diagram of the cognition-supporting motion control method described in the embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例所述支持认知的运动控制系统工作状态机示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working state machine of the motion control system supporting cognition according to the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚、明确,以下参照附图并举实施例对本发明进一步详细说明,但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
本发明支持认知的运动控制方法,适用于各种运动控制应用场景,尤其适用于对认知学习有要求的控制领域。The cognitive-supporting motion control method of the present invention is applicable to various motion control application scenarios, and is especially applicable to the control field requiring cognitive learning.
EtherCAT(以太网控制自动化技术)是一个以以太网为基础的开放架构的现场总线系统,EtherCAT名称中的CAT为Control Automation Technology(控制自动化技术)首字母的缩写。最初由德国倍福自动化有限公司(Beckhoff Automation GmbH)研发。EtherCAT为系统的实时性能和拓扑的灵活性树立了新的标准,同时,它还符合甚至降低了现场总线的使用成本。EtherCAT的特点还包括高精度设备同步,可选线缆冗余,和功能性安全协议(SIL3)。EtherCAT (Ethernet Control Automation Technology) is an Ethernet-based open-architecture fieldbus system. The CAT in the name of EtherCAT is the acronym for Control Automation Technology (Control Automation Technology). Originally developed by Beckhoff Automation GmbH in Germany. EtherCAT sets new standards for system real-time performance and topology flexibility, at the same time, it also complies with or even reduces the cost of using fieldbus. EtherCAT also features high-precision device synchronization, optional cable redundancy, and a functional safety protocol (SIL3).
EtherCAT协议针对过程数据进行了优化,它被直接传送到以太网帧,或被压缩到UDP/IP数据报文中。UDP协议在其它子网中的EtherCAT网段由路由器进行寻址的情况下使用。以太网帧可能包含若干个EtherCAT报文,每个报文专门用于特定存储区域,该存储区域可编制大小达4GB的逻辑过程镜像。由于数据链独立于EtherCAT端子物理顺序,因此可以对EtherCAT端子进行任意编址。从站之间可进行广播、多点传送和通讯。The EtherCAT protocol is optimized for process data, which is transferred directly into Ethernet frames or compressed into UDP/IP datagrams. The UDP protocol is used when EtherCAT segments in other subnets are addressed by routers. An Ethernet frame may contain several EtherCAT telegrams, each dedicated to a specific memory area that can program a logical process image up to 4GB in size. Since the data link is independent of the physical sequence of the EtherCAT Terminals, arbitrary addressing of the EtherCAT Terminals is possible. Broadcast, multicast and communication are possible between slave stations.
EtherCAT协议还可处理通常为非循环的参数通讯。参数的结构和含义通过CANopen设备行规进行设定,这些设备行规用于多种设备类别和应用。EtherCAT还支持符合IEC61491标准的从属行规。该行规以SERCOS命名,被全球运动控制应用领域普遍认可。The EtherCAT protocol also handles the normally acyclic parameter communication. The structure and meaning of the parameters are set by the CANopen Device Profiles, which are used for various device classes and applications. EtherCAT also supports slave profiles according to the IEC61491 standard. The profile is named after SERCOS and is generally recognized by the global motion control application field.
除了符合主站/从站原理的数据交换外,EtherCAT还非常适用于控制器之间(主站/主站)的通讯。可自由编址的过程数据网络变量以及各种参数化、诊断、编程和远程控制服务,可以满足众多要求。用于主站/从站和主站/主站通讯的数据接口是相同的。In addition to data exchange according to the master/slave principle, EtherCAT is also very suitable for communication between controllers (master/master). Freely addressable process data network variables as well as various services for parameterization, diagnostics, programming and remote control satisfy numerous requirements. The data interface for master/slave and master/master communication is the same.
CANopen是一种架构在控制局域网路(Controller Area Network,CAN)上的高层通信协协议,包括通信子协议及设备子协议,常在嵌入式系统中使用,也是工业控制常用到的一种现场总线。CANopen is a high-level communication protocol based on the Controller Area Network (CAN), including communication sub-protocols and device sub-protocols. It is often used in embedded systems and is also a field bus commonly used in industrial control. .
CANopen实现了OSI模型中的网络层以上(包括网络层)的协定。CANopen标准包括寻址方案、数个小的通讯子协定及由设备子协定所定义的应用层。CANopen支援网络管理、设备监控及节点间的通讯,其中包括一个简易的传输层,可处理资料的分段传送及其组合。一般而言数据链结层及物理层会用CAN来实作。除了CANopen外,也有其他的通讯协定(如EtherCAT)实作CANopen的设备子协定。CANopen implements the agreements above the network layer (including the network layer) in the OSI model. The CANopen standard includes an addressing scheme, several small communication sub-protocols, and an application layer defined by the device sub-protocols. CANopen supports network management, equipment monitoring and communication between nodes, including a simple transport layer, which can handle segmented transmission of data and its combination. Generally speaking, the data link layer and the physical layer will be implemented with CAN. In addition to CANopen, there are other communication protocols (such as EtherCAT) that implement CANopen's device sub-protocol.
CANopen由非营利组织CiA(CAN in Automaion)进行标准的起草及审核工作,基本的CANopen设备及通讯子协定定义在CAN in Automation(CiA)draft standard 301.中。针对个别设备的子协定以CiA301为基础再进行扩充。如针对I/O模组的CiA401及针对运动控制的CiA402。CANopen is drafted and reviewed by the non-profit organization CiA (CAN in Automaion). The basic CANopen equipment and communication sub-protocols are defined in CAN in Automation (CiA) draft standard 301. The sub-protocol for individual devices is based on CiA301 and then expanded. Such as CiA401 for I/O modules and CiA402 for motion control.
在本发明的一实施例中,为实现本发明目的所采用的技术方案是:一种支持认知的运动控制方法,包括以下步骤:In an embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution adopted for realizing the object of the present invention is: a method for controlling motion that supports cognition, comprising the following steps:
主控单元执行运动控制主进程,并触发EtherCAT总线通信线程和监听线程;The main control unit executes the motion control main process, and triggers the EtherCAT bus communication thread and listening thread;
通过EtherCAT总线通信线程,根据EtherCAT总线通信层协议检查网络结构、初始化伺服驱动器;Through the EtherCAT bus communication thread, check the network structure and initialize the servo driver according to the EtherCAT bus communication layer protocol;
通过监听线程对信号量进行监听:当监听到中断信号,则主控单元重置;当监听到认知线程发送的变更请求时,进行在线更新;Monitor the semaphore through the monitoring thread: when the interrupt signal is detected, the main control unit is reset; when the change request sent by the cognitive thread is monitored, online update is performed;
同时,通过运动控制主进程解析上位机发来的运动控制任务:根据运动控制任务确定伺服驱动器状态信息参数列表和运动控制指令;At the same time, analyze the motion control tasks sent by the host computer through the main motion control process: determine the servo drive status information parameter list and motion control instructions according to the motion control tasks;
根据EtherCAT总线应用层协议实时采集伺服驱动器状态信息,并解析运动控制模型生成控制命令实时传输给伺服驱动器。According to the EtherCAT bus application layer protocol, the status information of the servo drive is collected in real time, and the motion control model is analyzed to generate control commands and transmitted to the servo drive in real time.
所述伺服驱动器状态信息根据CIA 402应用层协议封装,包括状态字、实时速度信息、实时扭矩信息、实时末端位置信息、当前运动控制模式。The status information of the servo driver is encapsulated according to the CIA 402 application layer protocol, including status word, real-time speed information, real-time torque information, real-time terminal position information, and current motion control mode.
所述运动控制指令根据CIA 402应用层协议封装,包括指令字、速度信息、扭矩信息、末端位置信息、运动控制模式。The motion control instructions are encapsulated according to the CIA 402 application layer protocol, including instruction words, speed information, torque information, terminal position information, and motion control modes.
所述认知线程是用于解析控制器配置信息,监控系统主状态机,检查系统库更新以及想主进程发送变更请求的辅助控制线程。The cognitive thread is an auxiliary control thread for parsing controller configuration information, monitoring the main state machine of the system, checking system library updates, and sending change requests to the main process.
所述认知线程发送变更请求是指当认知线程在监控控制器主状态机和运行库时发现主状态机或运行库有新版本,当基于历史数据的认知学习发现有更优化参数产生时,由认知线程向主进程发送变更请求,主进程调用系统更新服务。The change request sent by the cognitive thread means that when the cognitive thread is monitoring the main state machine and runtime of the controller, it finds that there is a new version of the main state machine or the runtime, and when the cognitive learning based on historical data finds that there are more optimized parameters generated , the cognitive thread sends a change request to the main process, and the main process calls the system update service.
所述主进程调用系统更新服务,将运动控制模块更新文件替换当前运动控制模块中的待更新部分的目标代码文件,重新连接生成可调用的运动控制模块包括以下步骤:The main process calls the system update service, replaces the object code file of the part to be updated in the current motion control module with the motion control module update file, and reconnects to generate a callable motion control module including the following steps:
当更新内容为主状态机时,系统更新服务将停止当前所有服务,重新启动主进程已完成主状态机更新;When the update content is the main state machine, the system update service will stop all current services, restart the main process and complete the update of the main state machine;
当更新内容为运行库时,系统更新服务将停止当前运行库更新部分相关服务,并将系统重新链接至新版本库文件,即可完成在线更新;When the update content is the runtime library, the system update service will stop the current runtime update part of the related services, and re-link the system to the new version library file to complete the online update;
当更新内容为优化参数时,系统更新服务首先检索优化参数名称,查找运动控制模块在内存中的起始地址及偏移量;然后根据起始地址及偏移量调用内存访问接口,将运动控制模块更新文件写入当前内存;最后通过运动控制模块原有连接方法,实现运动控制功能模块的更新,并向主进程发送更新完成信号。When the update content is an optimization parameter, the system update service first retrieves the name of the optimization parameter, finds the start address and offset of the motion control module in the memory; then calls the memory access interface according to the start address and offset, and transfers the motion control module to The module update file is written into the current memory; finally, the motion control function module is updated through the original connection method of the motion control module, and an update completion signal is sent to the main process.
下面通过附图和实施例,对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
在本发明的另一实施例中,如图1所示,为本发明实施例所述支持认知的运动控制系统结构图。图中,本发明的运动控制器硬件装置主要包括以太网接口单元、以太网控制单元、SRAM存储单元、主控单元、控制按键和指示灯单元和供电单元。数据处理单元中主控单元与以太网控制单元、SRAM存储单元、通信接口转换模块、控制按键、指示灯单元、供电单元呈星形连接;所述供电单元为数据处理单元中其他所有单元供电。In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , it is a structural diagram of a motion control system supporting cognition according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the motion controller hardware device of the present invention mainly includes an Ethernet interface unit, an Ethernet control unit, a SRAM storage unit, a main control unit, a control button and an indicator light unit, and a power supply unit. The main control unit in the data processing unit is connected in a star shape with the Ethernet control unit, SRAM storage unit, communication interface conversion module, control buttons, indicator light unit, and power supply unit; the power supply unit supplies power to all other units in the data processing unit.
所述主控单元由TI公司生产的AM335x系列Cortex-A8处理器及其外围电路组成;Described master control unit is made up of AM335x series Cortex-A8 processor and peripheral circuit thereof produced by TI company;
所述SRAM存储器单元由ISSI公司生产的IS61WV102416BLL芯片及其外围电路组成;Described SRAM memory cell is made up of IS61WV102416BLL chip and peripheral circuit thereof produced by ISSI company;
所述以太网控制单元由TI公司生产的DP83848CVV芯片及其外围电路组成;Described Ethernet control unit is made up of DP83848CVV chip and peripheral circuit thereof produced by TI company;
所述指示灯单元由贴片LED组成;The indicator light unit is composed of patch LEDs;
所述供电单元由金升阳公司生产的降压开关电源模块及其外围保护、滤波、稳压电路组成。在降压开关电源模块的输入端连接有防浪涌电路,使本网关具有抗雷击和冲击的性能;降压开关电源模块将输入的220V交流电压变为5V直流电压,由于上述各单元工作电压都为3.3V,因此采用AS1117线性稳压器将电压降为3.3V,在降压开关电源模块和线性稳压器的输出端都设计了滤波电路。The power supply unit is composed of a step-down switching power supply module produced by Jinshengyang Company and its peripheral protection, filtering and voltage stabilizing circuits. An anti-surge circuit is connected to the input end of the step-down switching power supply module, so that the gateway has the performance of anti-lightning and shock; Both are 3.3V, so the AS1117 linear voltage regulator is used to drop the voltage to 3.3V, and filter circuits are designed at the output terminals of the step-down switching power supply module and the linear voltage regulator.
本发明的运动应用程序主要包括运动控制功能库、控制主进程、EtherCAT总线通信线程和程序监听线程组成。The motion application program of the present invention mainly includes a motion control function library, a control main process, an EtherCAT bus communication thread and a program monitoring thread.
所述的运动控制功能库,是根据被控对象的控制模型建立的控制算法库;The motion control function library is a control algorithm library established according to the control model of the controlled object;
所述的控制主进程,是控制被控对象执行运动指令的应用程序主逻辑进程。The main control process is the main logic process of the application program that controls the controlled object to execute motion instructions.
所述的EtherCAT总线通信线程,是控制器和伺服驱动器之间的总线通信,包括状态采集和指令传输。The EtherCAT bus communication thread is the bus communication between the controller and the servo driver, including state acquisition and instruction transmission.
所述的程序监听线程,是处理运动控制器的请求响应,其中包括基于网络的更新请求和基于硬件按键的中断请求。The program monitoring thread is used to process the request response of the motion controller, including network-based update requests and hardware key-based interrupt requests.
在本发明的再一实施例中,如图2所示,为本发明实施例所述支持认知的运动控制方法工作原理图。本发明支持认知的运动控制器,其执行过程包含以下步骤:In yet another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 , it is a working principle diagram of the cognition-supported motion control method described in the embodiment of the present invention. The present invention supports cognitive motion controller, and its execution process includes the following steps:
步骤S1:上电,初始化运动控制器;Step S1: Power on, initialize the motion controller;
步骤S2:执行运动控制主程序,同时触发执行监听线程和EtherCAT总线通信线程;Step S2: Execute the motion control main program, and simultaneously trigger the execution of the monitoring thread and the EtherCAT bus communication thread;
步骤S3:通过EtherCAT总线协议,检查网络结构,初始化伺服驱动器,实时采集伺服驱动器状态信息;Step S3: through the EtherCAT bus protocol, check the network structure, initialize the servo driver, and collect the status information of the servo driver in real time;
步骤S4:读取伺服驱动器状态参数和运动控制指令解析运动控制模型,生成运动控制指令,若运动控制指令为空,则等待;Step S4: Read the servo drive status parameters and motion control instructions to analyze the motion control model, generate motion control instructions, and wait if the motion control instructions are empty;
步骤S5:实时传输运动控制指令,重复步骤S3;Step S5: transmit the motion control command in real time, and repeat step S3;
步骤S6:若触发硬件中断触发,则执行步骤S1;若触发网络更新请求,则执行程序下载,完毕后执行步骤S1。Step S6: If a hardware interrupt trigger is triggered, execute step S1; if a network update request is triggered, execute program download, and execute step S1 after completion.
下面就本发明的运动控制应用程序部分具体实施方式做进一步详细说明。本实施例中要求确保运动控制器与伺服驱动器之间保持稳定连接。The specific implementation of the motion control application program part of the present invention will be further described in detail below. In this embodiment, it is required to ensure a stable connection between the motion controller and the servo driver.
在本发明下一实施例中,如图3所示,为本发明实施例所述支持认知的运动控制系统工作状态机示意图。将运动控制器接通24v直流电,启动控制器,通过运动控制主进程初始化运动控制器,同时触发监听线程和EtherCAT通信线程。当应用任务存在时,控制器状态切换为执行状态,根据伺服驱动器状态参数和运动控制模型解算运动控制,生成运动控制指令,并通过EtherCAT总线协议进行传输,待指令下发后运动控制器状态切换至停止状态。当应用任务不存在时,控制器状态直接切换为停止状态。当运动控制器初始化失败则运动控制器本周期内状态为错误状态。当在执行状态时,运动控制器出现非严重错误则从新执行,若出现严重错误则运动控制器状态切换至停止状态。In the next embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 , it is a schematic diagram of a working state machine of the motion control system supporting cognition according to the embodiment of the present invention. Connect the motion controller to 24v DC, start the controller, initialize the motion controller through the motion control main process, and trigger the monitoring thread and EtherCAT communication thread at the same time. When the application task exists, the state of the controller is switched to the execution state, and the motion control is solved according to the state parameters of the servo drive and the motion control model, and the motion control command is generated and transmitted through the EtherCAT bus protocol. After the command is issued, the state of the motion controller Switch to stop state. When the application task does not exist, the controller state is directly switched to the stop state. When the initialization of the motion controller fails, the state of the motion controller in this period is an error state. When in the execution state, if a non-serious error occurs in the motion controller, it will be re-executed. If a serious error occurs, the state of the motion controller will switch to the stop state.
其中所述的运动控制器监听线程和EtherCAT通信线程只执行一次,而运动控制器任务状态切换是在运动控制器主程序中周期性执行。The motion controller monitoring thread and the EtherCAT communication thread described therein are executed only once, while the motion controller task state switching is performed periodically in the motion controller main program.
当运动控制器监听线程接收到中断信号量时,运动控制器中断当前执行任务,关闭监听线程和EtherCAT总线通信线程。若中断信号量为Reset信号时,重新执行运动控制器主进程初始化;若中断信号量为Close信号时,关闭运动控制器主进程。When the motion controller monitoring thread receives the interrupt semaphore, the motion controller interrupts the current execution task, and closes the monitoring thread and the EtherCAT bus communication thread. If the interrupt semaphore is a Reset signal, re-execute the initialization of the main process of the motion controller; if the interrupt semaphore is a Close signal, close the main process of the motion controller.
当运动控制器监听线程接收到由上位机发送的运动控制模块更新信号SIGEV_INTR时,主进程向任务线程发送SIGEV_SIGNAL,停止当前运动控制任务,并将通过EtherCAT总线将伺服驱动器运动状态切换至停止状态,同时开始接收上位机发来的运动控制模块更新文件,待接收完成后上位机向主控单元发送接收完成信号SIGEV_DOWN。When the motion controller monitoring thread receives the motion control module update signal SIGEV_INTR sent by the host computer, the main process sends SIGEV_SIGNAL to the task thread, stops the current motion control task, and switches the motion state of the servo drive to the stop state through the EtherCAT bus. At the same time, it starts to receive the update file of the motion control module sent by the host computer. After the reception is completed, the host computer sends the receiving completion signal SIGEV_DOWN to the main control unit.
主进程调用主控单元内嵌操作系统更新服务,替换当前运动控制模块中的待更新部分的目标代码文件,重新连接生成可调用的运动控制模块,向主进程发送SIGEV_NONE,重新初始化主控单元。The main process calls the operating system update service embedded in the main control unit, replaces the object code file in the current motion control module to be updated, reconnects to generate a callable motion control module, sends SIGEV_NONE to the main process, and reinitializes the main control unit.
所述的系统更新服务,是基于共享内存的技术实现的用于对运动控制功能块在线更新的服务,该服务将注册在主控单元内嵌系统的服务挂载目录内,随设备上电初始化启动。所述的更新服务具体执行过程,包括如下步骤:The system update service described above is a service for online update of motion control function blocks based on shared memory technology. This service will be registered in the service mount directory of the embedded system of the main control unit, and will be initialized when the device is powered on. start up. The specific execution process of the update service includes the following steps:
步骤S1:解析认知线程更新请求,获取更新目标来源。Step S1: Analyze the update request of the cognitive thread, and obtain the source of the update target.
步骤S2:若判断目标来源为主状态机,系统更新服务将停止当前所有服务,重新启动主进程已完成主状态机更新;Step S2: If it is determined that the source of the target is the main state machine, the system update service will stop all current services, restart the main process and complete the update of the main state machine;
步骤S3:若判断更新内容为运行库,系统更新服务将停止当前运行库更新部分相关服务,并将系统重新链接至新版本库文件,即可完成在线更新;Step S3: If it is determined that the updated content is the runtime library, the system update service will stop the current runtime library update related services, and re-link the system to the new version library file to complete the online update;
步骤S4:若判断更新内容为优化参数,系统更新服务首先检索优化参数名称查找运动控制模块在内存中的起始地址及偏移量,然后根据起始地址及偏移量调用内存访问接口将运动控制模块更新文件写入当前内存;Step S4: If it is determined that the update content is an optimization parameter, the system update service first retrieves the name of the optimization parameter to find the start address and offset of the motion control module in memory, and then calls the memory access interface to transfer the motion control module according to the start address and offset. Write the control module update file into the current memory;
步骤S5:最后通过运动控制模块原有连接方法实现运动控制功能模块的更新,并向主进程发送更新完成信号。Step S5: Finally, the motion control function module is updated through the original connection method of the motion control module, and an update completion signal is sent to the main process.
当运动控制器EtherCAT通信线程触发时,则运动控制器将通过EtherCAT总线和伺服驱动器进行通信。将状态信息和控制指令按照CIA 402应用层协议进行封装,实现运动控制的接口格式的一致性,且保证运动控制器的通用性。所述的CIA 402应用层协议是CANopen针对运动控制领域规定的通信标准,在EtherCAT通信过程中按照CIA402协议定义数据字典,如表1所示,运动指令定义包括控制字数据对象、运行模式定义和运行指令定义等;如表2所示,运动反馈定义包括状态字数据对象、运动模式数据定义以及运动状态定义。When the motion controller EtherCAT communication thread is triggered, the motion controller will communicate with the servo drive through the EtherCAT bus. The status information and control instructions are encapsulated according to the CIA 402 application layer protocol to realize the consistency of the motion control interface format and ensure the versatility of the motion controller. The CIA 402 application layer protocol is the communication standard specified by CANopen for the motion control field. In the EtherCAT communication process, the data dictionary is defined according to the CIA402 protocol. As shown in Table 1, the motion command definition includes the control word data object, the operating mode definition and Running command definition, etc.; as shown in Table 2, motion feedback definition includes status word data object, motion mode data definition, and motion state definition.
表1运动指令定义表Table 1 Motion command definition table
表2运动反馈定义表Table 2 Motion feedback definition table
本发明具有良好的交互性与通用性,使用支持认知的高速运动控制器,能够大幅度的缩短运动控制功能研发周期,降低控制器研制成本。同时通用的高速EtherCAT通信接口能够让本发明运动控制器适应于各种运动控制场景。The invention has good interactivity and versatility, uses a high-speed motion controller that supports cognition, can greatly shorten the research and development period of the motion control function, and reduce the development cost of the controller. At the same time, the universal high-speed EtherCAT communication interface can make the motion controller of the present invention adapt to various motion control scenarios.
以上所述,仅是本发明的几个实施例,并非对本发明做任何形式的限制,虽然本发明以较佳实施例揭示如上,然而并非用以限制本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案的范围内,利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许的变动或修饰均等同于等效实施案例,均属于技术方案范围内。The above are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any skilled person familiar with this field, Without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, some changes or modifications made using the technical content disclosed above are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases, and all belong to the scope of the technical solution.
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