CN106644625B - A kind of test method based on three axis sample sample preparation device of low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand - Google Patents
A kind of test method based on three axis sample sample preparation device of low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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Abstract
A kind of test method based on three axis sample sample preparation device of low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand of disclosure of the invention.It include mold cylinder, triaxial apparatus pedestal and densification device in the sample preparation device assembly.Mold cylinder includes two panels split cavity, lower sample cap and latex plug.The upper and lower side of mold cylinder matches with latex plug and lower sample cap respectively.Two panels split cavity lock ring ring set banding.Split cavity sectional elevation posts rubber weather strip.Split cavity is equipped with aspirating hole.The preparation of microorganism soil, sampling and dress sample process do not squeeze sample disturbance, can get reliable low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand dynamic and static properties parameter.The application method of sample sample preparation device includes the assembling of mold cylinder, sand dress sample, microorganism consolidation by grouting, mold cylinder installation and demoulding on triaxial apparatus.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the three axis sample sample preparations of civil engineering experimental technique field more particularly to low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand
Device and application method.
Background technique
Calcareous sand is a kind of Special Rock medium of marine organisms origin cause of formation, and in China, South China Sea is widely distributed.Calcium
Matter sand largely only sees that the South Sea is civilian and defence engineering as subsoil.Its main feature is that foundation bearing force request is low, build
Build that load is small, as China proposes the strategic objective of " construction ocean power ", China will carry out energetically the exploitation on the South China Sea Islands with
Construction, wherein harbour, airfield runway and when building of all kinds of civilian military architectures, inevitably encounter calcareous sand ground and ask
Topic.A large amount of test and Engineering Projects show that traditional pile foundation engineering experience can not be suitable for calcareous sand, therefore to South Sea calcium
Matter sandy ground base need to take measures to improve the mechanical property of the soil body.Traditional method for processing foundation have it is many include mechanical densification,
Chemical grouting changes and fills out processing etc..Microorganism grouting reinforcement technique is not only kept away compared with traditional cement or chemical grouting technology
The construction disturbance for having exempted from traditional grouting method, the influence to ecological environment is small, and grouting pressure is small, transmission radius is big, solidification
Reaction time is short.Therefore, microorganism grouting reinforcement technique starts as a kind of novel stiffening basic ground technology in ground work
Journey field is taken seriously.In the prior art, the microorganism solidification equipment of sand is suitable for reinforcing molding and the higher sample of intensity
The mechanical tests such as unconfined compression test, uniaxial compressive test are carried out, but sample is reinforced for low-intensity, are had the disadvantages that
(1) reinforcing molding sample can not directly be installed to sample on triaxial apparatus device, be unfavorable for reinforcing sand directly as microorganism
Quiet dynamic triaxial tests sample preparation device.It (2) using device preparation low-intensity sample, can be because being reinforced caused by disturbance during tearing sample open when
Sample destroys, and is unable to get complete low-intensity sample.(3) the device rubber membrane is bonded not close at mould cylinder, in sample sample preparation
Design diameter requirement can not be met very well in the process, dress sample is uneven.Therefore, it to carry out being directed to the cementing calcareous sand ground of microorganism
The dynamic and static properties development test of technology, it is necessary to which the slip casting instrument that exploitation is suitable for low-intensity biology calcareous sand triaxial test is set
It is standby.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tests suitable for microbiological treatment low-intensity soil body force model triaxial test
Method solves the problems, such as that microorganism reinforces malm and disturbance destruction easily occurs under low-intensity, guarantees the integrality of sample.
To realize the present invention purpose and the technical solution adopted is that such, a kind of three axis of low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand examination
Sample sample preparation device, including mold cylinder, triaxial apparatus pedestal and densification device.
The mold cylinder includes split cylinder, latex plug and lower sample cap.
The split cylinder can axially and symmetrically be split as split cavity I and split cavity II.The split cavity I and split cavity II
Reality can tightly be closed.Annular groove I and annular groove II are provided on the split cylinder inner wall.The annular groove I is located on split cylinder
Portion.The annular groove II is located at split cylinder lower part.Through-hole is provided on the split cylinder side wall.The split cylindrical outer set
There are at least two lock ring ring sets.The lock ring ring set clamps split cylinder.
The latex plug fills in the upper end of split cylinder.Inlet pipe is equipped in the latex plug.The inlet pipe connection cream
The upper and lower surface of rubber plug.
The lower sample cap is ladder revolving body, is followed successively by the cylinder I and cylinder II of coaxial arrangement from top to bottom.The circle
Annular groove III is provided on I side wall of column.I upper surface of cylinder is embedded with permeable stone I.Grout outlet is additionally provided in the cylinder I.It is described
Grout outlet is connected to outside I bottom of permeable stone and I side wall of cylinder.After mold cylinder is assembled, annular groove II is concordant with III position of annular groove,
And rubber ring is embedded between annular groove II and annular groove III.The cylinder I fills in the lower end of split cylinder.The cylinder II is inserted into
Triaxial apparatus pedestal, and be fixedly connected with triaxial apparatus pedestal.
When filling sample, the densification device can move up and down in mold cylinder.
Further, rubber weather strip is posted on the Mosaic face of the split cavity I and split cavity II.
Further, the lock ring ring set is equipped with several bolts hole.Bolt is installed in the bolt hole.Bolt will be split
Mould I and II banding of split cavity and fixation.
Further, the split cylinder uses clear PVC material.The split cylinder is equipped with scale.
Invention additionally discloses a kind of application method of three axis sample sample preparation device of low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand, including it is following
Step:
1) rubber membrane is fixed in lower sample cap with rubber ring.
2) split cavity I and split cavity II are placed in the outer surface of rubber membrane, and with lock ring ring set by split cavity I and split cavity
II securely fixes together, then slowly routs up rubber membrane from split cylinder.
3) it is evacuated using vacuum pump by through-hole, rubber membrane is made to be close to mold cylinder inner wall.
4) it is laid with filter paper, layering dress sample in mold cylinder, and uses densification device densification sample, until reaching predetermined altitude.
It is laid with filter paper at the top of sample, places permeable stone II on filter paper.Latex plug is stoppered, pumping is stopped.By mold cylinder brandreth rack
It is good.
5) grout outlet is closed, 1-1.5 times of pore volumes are poured into from inlet pipe with the rate of 2ml/min by peristaltic pump
Microbial bacterial liquid opens grout outlet after standing 2 hours and bacterium solution is discharged.
6) it is again switched off grout outlet, 1-1.3 times of pore-bodies are poured into from inlet pipe with the rate of 1ml/min by peristaltic pump
Long-pending reinforcing liquid opens the grout outlet discharge first round and reinforces liquid after standing 12 hours.
7) step 5) is repeated with 6) 3 times or more until reaching predetermined reinforcement criteria.
8) deionized water for pouring into 10 times or more pore volumes from inlet pipe with the rate of 5ml/min by peristaltic pump, from
Remaining reinforcing liquid and microbial bacterial liquid inside grout outlet drain sample will then reinforce sample together with mold cylinder and be placed in baking
Case is dried 72 hours at 60 DEG C.
9) cylinder II is inserted into triaxial apparatus pedestal, tightens bolt and lower sample cap is fixed on triaxial apparatus pedestal.By pulp
Pipe is connected with drainpipe under triaxial apparatus.
10) latex plug is pulled out, sample cap fills in split cylinder upper end on triaxial apparatus, with rubber ring by rubber membrane extension
Tighten the sample cap on triaxial apparatus.
11) triaxial apparatus applies 10kPa negative pressure to sample inside by grout outlet.Lock ring ring set is removed, I He of split cavity is removed
Split cavity II.
The solution have the advantages that unquestionable:
A) mold cylinder using split cavity design method can ease of assembly and separation split cavity, avoid microorganism reinforce sand
Process and sampling process are reinforced sample to low-intensity and are damaged, to guarantee the integrality of sample structure；
B the lower sample cap) tested in sample preparation device matches with triaxial apparatus pedestal, can directly pacify mold cylinder after completing sample preparation
On triaxial apparatus, disturbance of the dress sample process to sample is avoided, to obtain more reliable geotechnical centrifuge model data；
C the split cavity side for) testing mold cylinder in sample preparation device is equipped with aspirating hole, and vertical face is posted rubber weather strip, is used in combination
Lock ring banding split cavity, meet dress sample makes rubber membrane be close to mould inner wall by aspirating hole pumping in the process, guarantees three axis sample preparations
Meet normal diameter requirement, the groove equipped with together with places rubber ring with lower sample cap for split cavity inside, and sample cap can be effectively controlled
The positioning of installation process, and can guarantee that mold cylinder is close to prevent occurring side spillage in reinforcing process with sample cap；
D it) tests mold cylinder in sample preparation device and uses special transparent PVC split cavity with a scale, can pass through during dress sample split
Mould observation dress sample is used cooperatively densification device according to relative compaction, and control fills sample height, uses densification device to flatten after the completion of dress sample
The relative compaction and uniformity of sample in sample making course can be effectively controlled in specimen surface, the present invention；
E) the method combined using saturation grouting with standing reaction during reperfusion reinforcement liquid, guarantees chemical reaction
Process inside sample sufficiently, it is uniform carry out, this method relatively before microorganism consolidation by grouting method improve and reinforce liquid
Utilization rate, while it is more preferable so that the sample produced is reinforced uniformity.
Further, microbial bacterial liquid described in step 5) is Sporosarcinapasteurii.The culture of every liter of bacterium
Contain 20g yeast extract, six water nickel chloride of 10g ammonium chloride, 10mg manganese sulfate monohydrate and 24mg in base.Culture medium PH is 9.0.
Reinforcing liquid described in step 6) is formulated by calcium chloride, urea, bacteria culture media and deionized water.Contain in every liter of reinforcing liquid
0.5mol calcium chloride, 0.5mol urea and 100ml bacteria culture media.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is sample preparation device structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is lock ring ring set and split cylinder connection schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is split cavity structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is lower sample cap structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is densification device schematic diagram.
In figure: split cylinder (1), split cavity I (101), split cavity II (102), annular groove I (103), annular groove II
(104), through-hole (105), rubber weather strip (106), lower sample cap (2), cylinder I (201), annular groove III (2011), permeable stone I
(2012), grout outlet (2013), cylinder II (202), lock ring ring set (3), bolt hole (301), bolt (302), latex plug (4),
Inlet pipe (401), densification device (5), triaxial apparatus pedestal (6), rubber membrane (7), rubber ring (8), filter paper (9), permeable stone II (10).
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but should not be construed the above-mentioned subject area of the present invention only
It is limited to following embodiments.Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, according to ordinary skill knowledge and used
With means, various replacements and change are made, should all include within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of three axis sample sample preparation device of low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand, including mold cylinder, triaxial apparatus pedestal 6 and densification device
5。
Referring to Fig. 1, the mold cylinder includes split cylinder 1, latex plug 4 and lower sample cap 2.
The split cylinder 1 uses clear PVC material.The split cylinder 1 is equipped with scale.The split cylinder 1 can
Axially and symmetrically it is split as split cavity I 101 and split cavity II 102.The split cavity I 101 and split cavity II 102 can be closed tightly
It is real.Referring to Fig. 3, rubber weather strip 106 is posted on the Mosaic face of the split cavity I 101 and split cavity II 102.It is described split
Annular groove I 103 and annular groove II 104 are provided on 1 inner wall of cylinder.The annular groove I 103 is located at split 1 top of cylinder.The ring
Shape slot II 104 is located at split 1 lower part of cylinder.Through-hole 105 is provided on 1 side wall of split cylinder.Referring to fig. 2, the split circle
There are two lock ring ring sets 3 for 1 outer cover of cylinder.The lock ring ring set 3 clamps split cylinder 1.The lock ring ring set 3 is equipped with several
Bolt hole 301.Bolt 302 is installed in the bolt hole 301.Bolt 302 by split cavity I 101 and II 102 banding of split cavity simultaneously
It is fixed.
The latex plug 4 fills in the upper end of split cylinder 1.Inlet pipe 401 is equipped in the latex plug 4.The inlet pipe
The upper and lower surface of 401 connection latex plugs 4.
Referring to fig. 4, the lower sample cap 2 is ladder revolving body, is followed successively by I 201 He of cylinder of coaxial arrangement from top to bottom
Cylinder II 202.Annular groove III 2011 is provided on I 201 side wall of cylinder.I 201 upper surface of cylinder is embedded with permeable stone I
2012.Grout outlet 2013 is additionally provided in the cylinder I 201.The grout outlet 2013 is connected to I 2012 bottom of permeable stone and cylinder I
Outside 201 side walls.After mold cylinder is assembled, annular groove II 104 is concordant with III 2011 position of annular groove, and annular groove II 104 and ring
Rubber ring 8 is embedded between shape slot III 2011, to guarantee that there is good air-tightness between split cylinder 1 and lower sample cap 2.It is described
Cylinder I 201 fills in the lower end of split cylinder 1.The cylinder II 202 is inserted into triaxial apparatus pedestal 6, and fixed with triaxial apparatus pedestal 6
Connection.
When filling sample, the densification device 5 can move up and down in mold cylinder carries out densification, control to the calcareous sand in mold cylinder
The relative compaction of sample.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment discloses a kind of about three axis sample sample preparation device of low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand described in embodiment 1
Application method, comprising the following steps:
1) rubber ring 8 of rubber membrane 7 is fixed in lower sample cap 2.
2) split cavity I 101 and split cavity II 102 being placed in the outer surface of rubber membrane, rubber ring 8 is caught in annular groove II 104,
And together with being securely fixed split cavity I 101 with split cavity II 102 with lock ring ring set 3, then slowly by rubber membrane 7 from right
It opens and is routed up in cylinder 1.
3) it is evacuated using vacuum pump by through-hole 105, rubber membrane 7 is made to be close to mold cylinder inner wall.
4) filter paper 9 is laid in mold cylinder.The total weight of sample is calculated according to relative compaction and volume, then sample
It is divided into several pieces.Dress sample is layered using sand rain method, each layer of sample uses 5 densification sample of densification device, and Control Assay height is whole
Flat sample surface guarantees the relative compaction of dress sample, until sample reaches predetermined altitude.Filter paper 9, filter paper are laid at the top of sample
Permeable stone II 10 is placed on 9.Latex plug 4 is stoppered, pumping is stopped.Mold cylinder is good with brandreth rack.
5) grout outlet 2013 is closed, 1-1.5 times of holes are poured into from inlet pipe 401 with the rate of 2ml/min by peristaltic pump
The microbial bacterial liquid of volume opens grout outlet 2013 after standing 2 hours and bacterium solution is discharged.
6) it is again switched off grout outlet 2013, pours into 1-1.3 times from inlet pipe 401 with the rate of 1ml/min by peristaltic pump
The reinforcing liquid of pore volume opens grout outlet 2013 and first round reinforcing liquid is discharged after standing 12 hours.
7) step 5) is repeated with 6) 3 times or more until reaching predetermined reinforcement criteria.
8) deionized water of 10 times or more pore volumes is poured into from inlet pipe 401 with the rate of 5ml/min by peristaltic pump,
From the remaining reinforcing liquid and microbial bacterial liquid inside 2013 drain sample of grout outlet, sample will be then reinforced together with mold cylinder
Baking oven is placed in dry 72 hours at 60 DEG C.
9) cylinder II 202 is inserted into triaxial apparatus pedestal 6, tightens bolt and lower sample cap 2 is fixed on triaxial apparatus pedestal 6.
Grout outlet 2013 is connected with drainpipe under triaxial apparatus.
10) latex plug 4 is pulled out, and sample cap fills in split 1 upper end of cylinder on triaxial apparatus, rubber membrane 7 is stretched out with rubber ring 8
Part tightens the sample cap on triaxial apparatus.
11) triaxial apparatus applies 10kPa negative pressure to sample inside by grout outlet 2013.Entire sample preparation is completed.It removes
Lock ring ring set 3 removes split cavity I 101 and split cavity II 102.Sample has been saturated sample at this time, and undisturbed.
12) sample is put into the pressure chamber of sealing, is carried out application confining pressure, is applied the series of steps such as axial compressive force, until
Sample sheared destruction.Triaxial test is carried out to multiple samples, obtains sample shearing strength envelope curve.
It is worth noting that microbial bacterial liquid described in step 5) is Sporosarcina in the present embodiment
pasteurii.Contain 20g yeast extract, 10g ammonium chloride, 10mg manganese sulfate monohydrate and 24mg in the culture medium of every liter of bacterium
Six water nickel chlorides.Culture medium PH is 9.0.Reinforcing liquid is by calcium chloride, urea, bacteria culture media and deionized water described in step 6)
It is formulated.Contain 0.5mol calcium chloride, 0.5mol urea and 100ml bacteria culture media in every liter of reinforcing liquid.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of test method based on three axis sample sample preparation device of low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand, it is characterised in that: low-intensity
Three axis sample sample preparation device of microorganism calcareous sand includes mold cylinder, triaxial apparatus pedestal (6) and densification device (5)；
The mold cylinder includes split cylinder (1), latex plug (4) and lower sample cap (2)；
The split cylinder (1) can axially and symmetrically be split as split cavity I (101) and split cavity II (102)；The split cavity I
(101) and split cavity II (102) can tightly close reality；Annular groove I (103) and annular groove are provided on split cylinder (1) inner wall
Ⅱ(104)；The annular groove I (103) is located at split cylinder (1) top；The annular groove II (104) is located at split cylinder (1)
Lower part；Through-hole (105) are provided on split cylinder (1) side wall；At least two lock ring rings are cased with outside the split cylinder (1)
It covers (3)；The lock ring ring set (3) clamps split cylinder (1)；
The latex plug (4) fills in the upper end of split cylinder (1)；Inlet pipe (401) are equipped in the latex plug (4)；It is described into
The upper and lower surface of slurry pipe (401) connection latex plug (4)；
The lower sample cap (2) is ladder revolving body, is followed successively by the cylinder I (201) and cylinder II of coaxial arrangement from top to bottom
(202)；Annular groove III (2011) is provided on cylinder I (201) side wall；Cylinder I (201) upper surface is embedded with permeable stone I
(2012)；Grout outlet (2013) are additionally provided in the cylinder I (201)；The grout outlet (2013) is connected to permeable stone I (2012) bottom
Outside portion and cylinder I (201) side wall；After mold cylinder is assembled, annular groove II (104) is concordant with annular groove III (2011) position, and
Rubber ring (8) are embedded between annular groove II (104) and annular groove III (2011)；The cylinder I (201) fills in split cylinder (1)
Lower end；The cylinder II (202) is inserted into triaxial apparatus pedestal (6), and is fixedly connected with triaxial apparatus pedestal (6)；
When filling sample, the densification device (5) can move up and down in mold cylinder；
Test method based on three axis sample sample preparation device of low-intensity microorganism calcareous sand the following steps are included:
1) rubber membrane (7) is fixed on lower sample cap (2) with rubber ring (8)；
2) split cavity I (101) and split cavity II (102) are placed in the outer surface of rubber membrane, and with lock ring ring set (3) by split cavity
I (101) and split cavity II (102) securely fix together, then slowly rout up rubber membrane (7) from split cylinder (1)；
3) it is evacuated using vacuum pump by through-hole (105), rubber membrane (7) is made to be close to mold cylinder inner wall；
4) filter paper (9) are laid in mold cylinder, layering dress sample, and densification device (5) densification sample is used, until reaching predetermined height
Degree；Filter paper (9) are laid at the top of sample, place permeable stone II (10) on filter paper (9)；It stoppers latex plug (4), stops pumping；It will
Mold cylinder is good with brandreth rack；
5) grout outlet (2013) are closed, 1-1.5 times of holes is poured into from inlet pipe (401) with the rate of 2ml/min by peristaltic pump
The microbial bacterial liquid of volume opens grout outlet (2013) after standing 2 hours and bacterium solution is discharged；
6) grout outlet (2013) are again switched off, pour into 1-1.3 times from inlet pipe (401) with the rate of 1ml/min by peristaltic pump
The reinforcing liquid of pore volume opens grout outlet (2013) discharge first round and reinforces liquid after standing 12 hours；
7) step 5) is repeated with 6) 3 times or more until reaching predetermined reinforcement criteria；
8) deionized water for pouring into 10 times or more pore volumes from inlet pipe (401) with the rate of 5ml/min by peristaltic pump, from
Remaining reinforcing liquid and microbial bacterial liquid inside grout outlet (2013) drain sample will then reinforce sample together with mold cylinder
Baking oven is placed in dry 72 hours at 60 DEG C；
9) cylinder II (202) is inserted into triaxial apparatus pedestal (6), tightens bolt for lower sample cap (2) and is fixed on triaxial apparatus pedestal (6)
On；Grout outlet (2013) is connected with drainpipe under triaxial apparatus；
10) it pulls out latex plug (4), sample cap fills in split cylinder (1) upper end on triaxial apparatus, with rubber ring (8) by rubber membrane (7)
Extension tightens the sample cap on triaxial apparatus；
11) triaxial apparatus applies 10kPa negative pressure to sample inside by grout outlet (2013)；It removes lock ring ring set (3), removes split
Mould I (101) and split cavity II (102).
2. a kind of test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the split cavity I (101) and split cavity II
(102) rubber weather strip (106) are posted on Mosaic face.
3. a kind of test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lock ring ring set (3) is equipped with several spiral shells
Keyhole (301)；Bolt (302) are installed in the bolt hole (301)；Bolt (302) is by split cavity I (101) and split cavity II
(102) banding and fixation.
4. a kind of test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the split cylinder (1) uses transparent PVC material
Material；The split cylinder (1) is equipped with scale.
5. a kind of test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: microbial bacterial liquid described in step 5) is
Sporosarcina pasteurii；Contain 20g yeast extract, 10g ammonium chloride, mono- water of 10mg in the culture medium of every liter of bacterium
Six water nickel chloride of manganese sulfate and 24mg；Culture medium PH is 9.0；Reinforcing liquid is by calcium chloride, urea, Bacteria Culture described in step 6)
Base and deionized water are formulated；Contain 0.5mol calcium chloride, 0.5mol urea and 100ml Bacteria Culture in every liter of reinforcing liquid
Base.
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