CN106602648A - Series battery pack bidirectional lossless balanced improved circuit based on inductor energy storage - Google Patents
Series battery pack bidirectional lossless balanced improved circuit based on inductor energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN106602648A CN106602648A CN201611154168.3A CN201611154168A CN106602648A CN 106602648 A CN106602648 A CN 106602648A CN 201611154168 A CN201611154168 A CN 201611154168A CN 106602648 A CN106602648 A CN 106602648A
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- battery
- energy storage
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- triode thyristor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a series battery pack bidirectional lossless balanced improved circuit based on inductor energy storage, wherein the series battery pack comprises a left part and a right part. Individual batteries in the left part constitute a left battery pack. Individual batteries in the left part constitute a right battery pack. The head end and the tail end of the series battery pack are arranged between the VCC and the GND. The batteries in the left and right parts are connected through a middle equalization circuit connected to a control circuit. By controlling the on-off state of a TRIAC in the equalization circuit and the energy storage effect of an energy storage inductor, the improved circuit can realize dynamic balance in the charging and discharging process of the battery pack, improves the imbalance of the series battery pack, improves the available capacity of the battery pack, reduces the repair and replacement cycle of the series battery pack, and prolongs the service life of the series battery pack. Therefore, the improved circuit is suitable for a battery management system for a hybrid vehicle, a pure electric vehicle, or a storage device in a storage power station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of battery pack balancing, and in particular to a kind of series battery based on inductive energy storage is double
To the improved circuit of non-dissipative equalizing.
Background technology
After multiple charge and discharge cycles, the distribution of the residual capacity of each battery cell substantially occurs series battery
Three kinds of situations：The residual capacity of some battery cells is higher；The residual capacity of some battery cells is low；Some battery cells
Residual capacity is higher and some battery cells residual capacities are low.
For above-mentioned three kinds of situations, Chinese scholars propose the solution of oneself.Individual cells monomer is directed to such as
The higher situation of residual capacity, have researcher to propose parallel resistance shunting, it will by controlling corresponding switching device
The energy of the higher battery module of residual capacity is fallen by resistance consumption, and energy is wasted by the method, and in equilibrium
During generate substantial amounts of heat, increased the load of battery thermal management.Also have researcher propose bi-directional DC-DC equalization,
The equalizing circuits such as coaxial transformer equalization, these circuits all employ transformator, increased the cost of equalizing circuit.
The method of current Li-ion batteries piles Balance route, according to Expenditure Levels of the circuit in balancing procedure to energy, can
It is divided into two big class of energy-dissipating and energy non-dissipative type；According to equalization function classify, can be divided into charge balancing, equalization discharge and
Dynamic equalization.Charge balancing refers to the equilibrium in charging process, usually opens when batteries monomer voltage reaches setting value
Begin balanced, overcharge is prevented by reducing charging current；Equalization discharge refers to the equilibrium in discharge process, by residual energy
The low battery cell of amount supplements energy to prevent overdischarge；Dynamic equalization mode combines the excellent of charge balancing and equalization discharge
Point, refers to the equilibrium carried out to set of cells in whole charge and discharge process.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve drawbacks described above of the prior art, there is provided a kind of series connection based on inductive energy storage
The improved circuit of the two-way non-dissipative equalizing of set of cells, by a kind of equalizing circuit is adopted in the battery management system of series battery
To ensure that the monomer in set of cells occurs without overcharge and overdischarge during charging and discharging, improve series battery uneven
The phenomenon of weighing apparatus, improves the active volume of set of cells, reduces maintenance and the replacement cycle of series battery, extends the use of set of cells
In the life-span, reduce the operating cost of hybrid vehicle, electric automobile and storage station.
The purpose of the present invention can be reached by adopting the following technical scheme that：
A kind of improved circuit of the two-way non-dissipative equalizing of the series battery based on inductive energy storage, in charging process, works as electricity
When any one or multiple continuous battery monomer energy of the left half of pond group are too high (in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 (a), battery Bl1With
Battery Bl2It is continuous battery cell, battery Bl1With battery Bl2With battery Bl3It is continuous battery cell.That is the left part of set of cells
In point, one or more battery cell of arbitrary continuation, the present invention are known as continuous battery, just can be with balancing procedure
It is properly viewed as an entirety.The definition of the continuous battery of right half of set of cells is in the same manner), can be continuous by one or more
The too high monomer of energy is considered as an entirety, and this overall balancing energy is given this overall corresponding right half battery
The entirety of composition, (in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 (a), the battery B of left halfl1Corresponding is the battery B of right halfr1, the battery of left half
Bl1And Bl2It is right half battery B that the entirety of composition is correspondingr1And Br2The entirety of composition.That is of the arbitrary continuation of left half
Or the entirety of multiple battery cells composition, corresponding is that right half is in parallel with the entirety same or multiple continuous inductance
Battery composition entirety, the definition of continuous inductance is identical with the definition of continuous battery.The corresponding left part of battery of right half
The definition of the battery for dividing is in the same manner)；The balancing principle of right half is with left half in the same manner.
In discharge process, when one or more continuous battery monomer energy of the left half of set of cells are too low, can be with
One or more energy too low monomer is considered as into an entirety.When the electricity of the corresponding right half of the too low entirety of this energy
When pond energy will not be too low, can be connected by the battery of too low with this energy entirety corresponding right half and with these batteries
The balancing energy of continuous any battery combination gives this energy too low entirety.When the corresponding right part of the too low entirety of this energy
Point the energy content of battery it is also too low when, it is necessary to equilibrium is realized by two steps, it is first by the energy of left half high one or many
Battery of the balancing energy of individual continuous battery cell to right half, improves the voltage of the battery of right half, then by above-mentioned
The method of equalization discharge carries out equilibrium.The balancing principle of right half is with left half in the same manner.
The improved circuit of the two-way non-dissipative equalizing of the series battery is made up of series battery, equalizing circuit, control circuit.
Wherein, series battery is divided into left and right two parts, and left half battery cell is left set of cells, and right half battery cell is right electricity
Pond group；When battery cell sum is 2n (n is positive integer), left-right parts battery cell number is n, when battery cell sum is
During 2n+1 (n is positive integer), left batteries monomer number is n, and right batteries monomer number is n+1, it is also possible to left batteries monomer number
For n+1, right batteries monomer number is n, and with left batteries monomer number as n, right batteries monomer number is explanation as a example by n+1 to the present invention
(left batteries monomer number is n+1, and when right batteries monomer number is n, principle is identical)；Left battery cell monomer divides from top to bottom
B is not named asl1、Bl2、Bl3、……Bln, when battery cell sum is 2n, right battery cell monomer is ordered from top to bottom respectively
Entitled Br1、Br2、Br3、……Brn, when battery cell sum is 2n+1, right battery cell monomer is named from top to bottom respectively
For Br0、Br1、Br2、Br3、……Brn；Bl1Positive pole meet VCC, when battery cell sum is 2n, Br1Negative pole meet GND, work as electricity
When pond monomer populations are 2n+1, Br0Negative pole meet GND；Number of batteries is not limited, but with the rising of number of batteries, it is balanced
Control can accordingly become complicated, and the switching frequency of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC may not reach requirement, the requirement to energy storage inductor
Can accordingly improve, should be selected according to practical situation.When number of batteries is 2n, the energy storage inductor L numbers in equalizing circuit
Measure as n, be from top to bottom respectively designated as L1、L2……Ln；When number of batteries is 2n+1, the energy storage inductor L numbers in equalizing circuit
Measure as n+1, be from top to bottom respectively designated as L0、L1……Ln；Inductance is connected in parallel on the bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC of the quantity such as inductance
Two ends, remaining bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC one end are connected with one end of energy storage inductor L, and the other end is connected with one end of battery, double
Control end to controllable silicon TRIAC is connected with control circuit, makes turning on and off by control circuit for bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC
Control；When number of batteries is 2n, the quantity of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is 3n+2, with inductance in parallel bidirectional triode thyristor by up to
Under be respectively designated as S1、S2……Sn, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with left set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sl1、
Sl2……Sl(n+1), the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with right set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sr1、Sr2……Sr(n+1)；
When number of batteries is 2n+1, the quantity of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is 3n+5, is from top to bottom divided with inductance in parallel bidirectional triode thyristor
S is not named as0、S1……Sn, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with left set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sl0、Sl1……
Sl(n+1), the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with right set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sr0、Sr1……Sr(n+1)；Battery list
Body Bl1Positive pole meet VCC, battery cell Br1Negative pole meet GND.Control circuit in Fig. 1 include microcontroller and it is all it is two-way can
The drive circuit of control silicon TRIAC, by the microcontroller programming in control circuit, analyzing the electricity of present battery and calculating
Going out should be using which kind of control strategy come equalizing circuit；By the drive circuit in control circuit, bidirectional triode thyristor can be given
The gate pole of TRIAC provides appropriate driving voltage or shut-off voltage, allow bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC open according to actual demand or
Person closes, and reaching carries out purpose in a balanced way to battery electric quantity.
The operation principle of equalizing circuit is as follows：
When number of batteries is 2n, such as Fig. 1, in charging process, if continuous several batteries in left set of cells are all
For terminal voltage highest, the entirety that can be constituted these batteries is while carry out equalization discharge.Assume that these batteries are Bli、
Bl(i+1)……Bl(i+w)(quantity of these batteries is at most equal to all batteries of left set of cells, the i.e. maximum of w for n-1, and w is big
In equal to 0).In order to avoid to Bli、Bl(i+1)……Bl(i+w)Overcharge, in a PWM cycle, makes bidirectional triode thyristor
TRIACSliAnd Sl(i+w+1)Conducting, then electric current is by Sli, energy storage inductor Li、Li+1……Li+w、Sl(i+w+1)And Bl(i+w)、
Bl(i+w-1)……Bli, Bli、Bl(i+1)……Bl(i+w)Discharge for inductance Li、Li+1……Li+wThe overall storage energy of composition；With electricity
Pond Bli、Bl(i+1)……Bl(i+w)Corresponding battery is Bri、Br(i+1)……Br(i+w), SliAnd Sl(i+w+1)Make after opening certain hour
Its shut-off, while opening SriAnd Sr(i+w+1), now electric current is by inductance Li、Li+1……Li+w、Sr(i+w+1), battery Br(i+w)、
Br(i+w-1)……BriAnd Sri, inductance Li、Li+1……Li+wRelease energy to Bri、Br(i+1)……Br(i+w), realize energy from
Bli、Bl(i+1)……Bl(i+w)To Bri、Br(i+1)……Br(i+w)Transfer.In charging process, if continuous in right set of cells
Several batteries are all terminal voltage highest, and balancing principle is identical with left set of cells.
When number of batteries is 2n, such as Fig. 1, in discharge process, if continuous several batteries in left set of cells are all
Minimum for terminal voltage, the entirety that can be constituted these batteries is while carry out equalization discharge.Assume that these batteries are Bli、
Bl(i+1)……Bl(i+w)(quantity of these batteries is at most equal to all batteries of left set of cells, the i.e. maximum of w for n-1, and w is big
In equal to 0).Assume and battery Bli、Bl(i+1)……Bl(i+w)Corresponding battery is Bri、Br(i+1)……Br(i+w), work as Bri、
Br(i+1)……Br(i+w)When the integral energy for being constituted will not be too low, by certain rule judgment, with Bri、Br(i+1)……
Br(i+w)Continuous certain battery can be integrally Bli、Bl(i+1)……Bl(i+w)Energy is provided.Assume that this overall battery is
Br(i-p)、Br(i-p+1)……Br(i+q+w)(maximum of the sum of p+q+w is n-1, and 0) p is more than or equal to more than or equal to 0, q, then open-minded
Sr(i-p)And Sr(i+q+w+1), while opening Si-p、Si-p+1……Si+q+w+1Middle removing Si、Si+1……Si+wRemaining and inductance in parallel
Bidirectional triode thyristor.Now electric current passes through Sr(i-p), battery Br(i-p)、Br(i-p+1)……Br(i+q+w)、Sr(i+q+w+1), inductance Li、
Li+1……Li+wAnd Si-p、Si-p+1……Si+q+w+1Middle removing Si、Si+1……Si+wIt is remaining two-way controllable with inductance in parallel
Silicon, Br(i-p)、Br(i-p+1)……Br(i+q+w)Discharge for inductance Li、Li+1……Li+wThe overall storage energy of composition；Sr(i-p)With
Sr(i+q+w+1)And Si-p、Si-p+1……Si+q+w+1Middle removing Si、Si+1……Si+wThe remaining bidirectional triode thyristor with inductance in parallel is opened
Turn off after logical a period of time, while opening SliAnd Sl(i+w+1), then electric current is by energy storage inductor Li+w、Li+w-1……Li、Sli、Bli、
Bl(i+1)……Bl(i+w)And Sl(i+w+1), inductance Li、Li+1……Li+wRelease energy to Bri、Br(i+1)……Br(i+w), realize
Energy is from Br(i-p)、Br(i-p+1)……Br(i+q+w)To Bri、Br(i+1)……Br(i+w)Transfer.Work as Bri、Br(i+1)……Br(i+w)Institute
When the integral energy of composition is too low, the battery first passed through in left set of cells integrally charges for right set of cells, improves Bri、
Br(i+1)……Br(i+w)Energy, then carry out equalization discharge by the way.In discharge process, if the company in right set of cells
Several continuous batteries are all that terminal voltage is minimum, and balancing principle is identical with left set of cells.
When number of batteries is 2n+1, such as Fig. 2, during charge or discharge, except battery Br0, other batteries it is equal
Weighing apparatus method is identical when being 2n with number of batteries.In charging process, if battery Br0Terminal voltage highest, in order to avoid to Br0Overcharge
Electricity, in a PWM cycle, makes bidirectional triode thyristor TRIACSr0And Sr1Conducting, then electric current is by Sr1, energy storage inductor L0、Sr0With
And Br0Electric discharge, is inductance L0Storage energy.Sr0And Sr1Turn it off after opening a period of time, while opening Sl0And Sl2, it is now electric
Stream is by inductance L0、Sl0, battery Bl1、Sl2And inductance L1, inductance L0Release energy to Bl1, energy is realized from Br0To Bl1Turn
Move.In discharge process, if battery Br0Terminal voltage is minimum, in order to avoid to Br0Overdischarge, in a PWM cycle, makes two-way
Controllable silicon TRIACSl0And SlnConducting, simultaneously turns on bidirectional triode thyristor S1、S2……Sn, then electric current is by Sl0, energy storage inductor L0、
S1、S2……Sn、SlnAnd Bln、Bl(n-1)……Bl1, it is inductance L0Storage energy；Sl0And SlnClose which after opening a period of time
It is disconnected, while opening Sr0And Sr1, now electric current is by inductance L0、Sr1, battery Br0And Sr0, inductance L0Release energy to Br0, realize
Energy is from Bl1、Bl2……BlnTo Br0Transfer.
The present invention is had the following advantages relative to prior art and effect：
The present invention can be protected as above-mentioned dynamic nondestructive cell balancing is adopted in series battery cells management system
Demonstrate,prove each battery and overcharge and overdischarge occurred without during charging and discharging, improve the unbalanced phenomenon of series battery,
The active volume of set of cells is improved, extends the service life of set of cells, stored in reducing hybrid vehicle, electric automobile and power station
The cost of battery energy storage system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be number of batteries be 2n when the two-way non-dissipative equalizing of the series battery based on inductive energy storage improved circuit
Circuit theory diagrams；
Fig. 2 be number of batteries be 2n+1 when the two-way non-dissipative equalizing of the series battery based on inductive energy storage improved circuit
Circuit theory diagrams；
Fig. 3 (a) is the course of work principle of number of batteries induction charging in charging process by taking 4 batteries as an example when being 2n
Figure；
Fig. 3 (b) is the course of work principle of number of batteries inductive discharge in charging process by taking 4 batteries as an example when being 2n
Figure；
Fig. 4 (a) is the course of work principle of number of batteries induction charging in charging process by taking 4 batteries as an example when being 2n
Figure；
Fig. 4 (b) is the course of work principle of number of batteries inductive discharge in charging process by taking 4 batteries as an example when being 2n
Figure；
Fig. 5 (a) is number of batteries battery B by taking 5 batteries as an example when being 2n+1r0The work of induction charging in charging process
Make schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 (b) is number of batteries battery B by taking 5 batteries as an example when being 2n+1r0The work of inductive discharge in charging process
Make schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 (a) is number of batteries battery B by taking 5 batteries as an example when being 2n+1r0The work of induction charging in discharge process
Make schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 (b) is number of batteries battery B by taking 5 batteries as an example when being 2n+1r0The work of inductive discharge in discharge process
Make schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the voltage oscillogram of each battery cell in equalizing circuit charging emulation experiment by taking 4 batteries as an example；
Fig. 8 be by taking 4 batteries as an example equalizing circuit electric discharge emulation experiment in each battery cell voltage oscillogram.
Specific embodiment
To make purpose, technical scheme and the advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
The a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 be number of batteries be 2n when equalizing circuit schematic diagram.Wherein, series battery is divided into left and right two parts, left
Percentage of batteries monomer is left set of cells, and right half battery cell is right set of cells；Left-right parts battery cell number is n；Left electricity
Pond Battery pack monomer is respectively designated as B from top to bottoml1、Bl2、Bl3、……Bln, right battery cell monomer ordered from top to bottom respectively
Entitled Br1、Br2、Br3、……Brn, Bl1Positive pole meet VCC, Br1Negative pole meet GND；Number of batteries is not limited, n be more than or equal to
1 positive integer, but with the rising of number of batteries, Balance route can accordingly become complicated, the switch of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC
Frequency may not reach requirement, and the requirement to energy storage inductor also accordingly can be improved, and should be selected according to practical situation.It is balanced
Energy storage inductor L number in circuit is n, is from top to bottom respectively designated as L1、L2……Ln；It is two-way controllable with the quantity such as inductance
Silicon TRIAC is connected in parallel on inductance two ends, and other bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC one end are connected with one end of energy storage inductor L, the other end and
One end of battery is connected, and the control end of all bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is connected with control circuit, makes bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC
Turn on and off by control circuit control；The quantity of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is 3n+2, with inductance in parallel bidirectional triode thyristor
S is respectively designated as from top to bottom1、S2……Sn, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with left set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as
Sl1、Sl2……Sl(n+1), the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with right set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sr1、Sr2……Sr(n+1)；
Battery cell Bl1Positive pole meet VCC, battery cell Br1Negative pole meet GND.In figure, control circuit includes microcontroller and all pairs
To the drive circuit of controllable silicon TRIAC, by the microcontroller programming in control circuit, analyzing the electricity of present battery simultaneously
Calculating should be using which kind of control strategy come equalizing circuit；By the drive circuit in control circuit, can give two-way controllable
The gate pole of silicon TRIAC provides appropriate driving voltage or shut-off voltage, allows bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC to open according to actual demand
Or close, reaching carries out purpose in a balanced way to battery electric quantity.
Fig. 2 be number of batteries be 2n+1 when equalizing circuit schematic diagram.Wherein, series battery is divided into left and right two
Point, left half battery cell is left set of cells, and right half battery cell is right set of cells；Left batteries monomer number be n, right battery
Group number of monomers is n+1, it is also possible to which left batteries monomer number is n+1, and right batteries monomer number is n, and the present invention is with left set of cells list
Body number is n, and right batteries monomer number is explanation as a example by n+1；Left battery cell monomer is respectively designated as B from top to bottoml1、Bl2、
Bl3、……Bln, right battery cell monomer is respectively designated as B from top to bottomr0、Br1、Br2、Br3、……Brn, Bl1Positive pole connect
VCC, Br0Negative pole meet GND；Number of batteries is not limited, and n is the positive integer more than or equal to 1, but upper with number of batteries
Rise, Balance route can accordingly become complicated, and the switching frequency of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC may not reach requirement, to energy storage inductor
Requirement also accordingly can improve, should be selected according to practical situation.Energy storage inductor L number in equalizing circuit is n+1, by
L is respectively designated as up to down0、L1……Ln；Inductance two ends are connected in parallel on the bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC of the quantity such as inductance, it is remaining
Bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC one end is connected with one end of energy storage inductor L, and the other end is connected with one end of battery, bidirectional triode thyristor
The control end of TRIAC is connected with control circuit, makes turning on and off by control circuit control for bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC；It is double
Be 3n+5 to the quantity of controllable silicon TRIAC, S is from top to bottom respectively designated as with inductance in parallel bidirectional triode thyristor0、S1……Sn, with
The bidirectional triode thyristor that left set of cells is connected from top to bottom is respectively designated as Sl0、Sl1……Sl(n+1), it is connected with right set of cells
Bidirectional triode thyristor be from top to bottom respectively designated as Sr0、Sr1……Sr(n+1)；Battery cell Bl1Positive pole meet VCC, battery cell
Br1Negative pole meet GND.In figure, control circuit includes the drive circuit of microcontroller and all bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC, by right
Microcontroller programming in control circuit, analyzes the electricity of present battery and calculates and which kind of control strategy to come equal using
Weighing apparatus circuit；By the drive circuit in control circuit, provide appropriate driving voltage can to the gate pole of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC
Or shut-off voltage, allow bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC to be turned on or off according to actual demand, reaching carries out equilibrium to battery electric quantity
Purpose.
Fig. 3 (a) is the course of work principle of number of batteries induction charging in charging process by taking 4 batteries as an example when being 2n
Figure.Battery cell sum is 4, and left-right parts battery cell number is 2, and left battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as
Bl1、Bl2, left battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as Br1、Br2, inductance is from top to bottom respectively designated as L1、L2.If
B in left set of cellsl1Monomer terminal voltage is all monomer highests, in order to avoid to B1Overcharge, in a PWM cycle, makes
Bidirectional triode thyristor TRIACSl1And Sl2Conducting, then electric current is by Sl1, energy storage inductor L1、Sl2And Bl1, Bl1Discharge for inductance L1Storage
Deposit energy.
Fig. 3 (b) is the course of work principle of number of batteries inductive discharge in charging process by taking 4 batteries as an example when being 2n
Figure.Battery cell sum is 4, and left-right parts battery cell number is 2, and left battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as
Bl1、Bl2, left battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as Br1、Br2, inductance is from top to bottom respectively designated as L1、L2.With
Fig. 3 (a) in a PWM cycle, by L1The energy of storage is released to Br1。Sl1And Sl2Turn it off after opening certain hour, together
Shi Kaitong Sr1And Sr2, now electric current is by inductance L1、Sr2, battery Br1And Sr1, inductance L1Release energy to Br1, realize energy
From Bl1To Br1Transfer.
Fig. 4 (a) is the course of work principle of number of batteries induction charging in charging process by taking 4 batteries as an example when being 2n
Figure.Battery cell sum is 4, and left-right parts battery cell number is 2, and left battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as
Bl1、Bl2, left battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as Br1、Br2, inductance is from top to bottom respectively designated as L1、L2.If
B in left set of cellsl1Monomer terminal voltage is that all monomers are minimum, it is assumed that with Bl1Corresponding battery Br1Energy will not be too low, and Br1
And Br2The entirety for being constituted can be Bl1Energy is provided.In order to avoid to B1Overdischarge, in a PWM cycle, make it is two-way can
Control silicon TRIACSr1And Sr3Conducting, while opening S2, then electric current is by Sr3、S2, energy storage inductor L1、Sr1And Br1And Br2, Br1With
Br2Discharge for inductance L1Storage energy.
Fig. 4 (b) is the course of work principle of number of batteries inductive discharge in charging process by taking 4 batteries as an example when being 2n
Figure.Battery cell sum is 4, and left-right parts battery cell number is 2, and left battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as
Bl1、Bl2, left battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as Br1、Br2, inductance is from top to bottom respectively designated as L1、L2.With
Fig. 4 (a) in a PWM cycle, Sr1、Sr3And S2Turn it off after opening certain hour, while opening Sl1And Sl2, it is now electric
Stream is by inductance L1、Sl1, battery Bl1And Sl2, inductance L1Release energy to Bl1, energy is realized from Br1And Br2To Bl1Transfer.
Fig. 5 (a) is number of batteries battery B by taking 5 batteries as an example when being 2n+1r0The work of induction charging in charging process
Make schematic diagram.Battery cell sum is 5, and left half battery cell number is 2, and right half battery cell number is 3.Left set of cells
Battery cell is from top to bottom respectively designated as Bl1、Bl2, right battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as Br0、Br1、Br2,
Inductance is from top to bottom respectively designated as L0、L1、L2, the quantity of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is 11, with inductance in parallel bidirectional triode thyristor
Be from top to bottom respectively designated as S0、S1、S2, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with left set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sl0、
Sl1、Sl2, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with right set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sr0、Sr1、Sr2.In charging process,
If battery Br0Terminal voltage highest, in order to avoid to Br0Overcharge, in a PWM cycle, makes bidirectional triode thyristor TRIACSr0With
Sr1Conducting, then electric current is by Sr1, energy storage inductor L0、Sr0And Br0Electric discharge, is inductance L0Storage energy.
Fig. 5 (b) is number of batteries battery B by taking 5 batteries as an example when being 2n+1r0The work of inductive discharge in charging process
Make schematic diagram.Battery cell sum is 5, and left half battery cell number is 2, and right half battery cell number is 3.Left set of cells
Battery cell is from top to bottom respectively designated as Bl1、Bl2, right battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as Br0、Br1、Br2,
Inductance is from top to bottom respectively designated as L0、L1、L2, the quantity of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is 11, with inductance in parallel bidirectional triode thyristor
Be from top to bottom respectively designated as S0、S1、S2, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with left set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sl0、
Sl1、Sl2, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with right set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sr0、Sr1、Sr2.With Fig. 5 (a) at one
In PWM cycle, Sr0And Sr1Turn it off after opening a period of time, while opening Sl0And Sl2, now electric current is by inductance L0、Sl0、
Battery Bl1、Sl2And inductance L1, inductance L0Release energy to Bl1, energy is realized from Br0To Bl1Transfer.
Fig. 6 (a) is number of batteries battery B by taking 5 batteries as an example when being 2n+1r0The work of induction charging in discharge process
Make schematic diagram.Battery cell sum is 5, and left half battery cell number is 2, and right half battery cell number is 3.Left set of cells
Battery cell is from top to bottom respectively designated as Bl1、Bl2, right battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as Br0、Br1、Br2,
Inductance is from top to bottom respectively designated as L0、L1、L2, the quantity of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is 11, with inductance in parallel bidirectional triode thyristor
Be from top to bottom respectively designated as S0、S1、S2, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with left set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sl0、
Sl1、Sl2, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with right set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sr0、Sr1、Sr2.In discharge process,
If battery Br0Terminal voltage is minimum, in order to avoid to Br0Overdischarge, in a PWM cycle, makes bidirectional triode thyristor TRIACSl0With
Sl3Conducting, while opening S1And S2, then electric current is by Sl0, inductance L0、S1、S2、Sl3And battery Bl2And Bl1, it is inductance L0Storage energy
Amount.
Fig. 6 (b) is number of batteries battery B by taking 5 batteries as an example when being 2n+1r0The work of inductive discharge in discharge process
Make schematic diagram.Battery cell sum is 5, and left half battery cell number is 2, and right half battery cell number is 3.Left set of cells
Battery cell is from top to bottom respectively designated as Bl1、Bl2, right battery cell monomer is from top to bottom respectively designated as Br0、Br1、Br2,
Inductance is from top to bottom respectively designated as L0、L1、L2, the quantity of bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is 11, with inductance in parallel bidirectional triode thyristor
Be from top to bottom respectively designated as S0、S1、S2, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with left set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sl0、
Sl1、Sl2, the bidirectional triode thyristor being connected with right set of cells is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sr0、Sr1、Sr2.With Fig. 6 (a) at one
In PWM cycle, Sl0、Sl3、S1And S2Turn it off after opening a period of time, while opening Sr0And Sr1, now electric current is by energy storage
Inductance L0、Sr1, battery Br0And Sr0Electric discharge, inductance L0Release energy to Br0, energy is realized from Bl1And Bl2To Br0Transfer.
Fig. 7 is the voltage oscillogram of each battery cell in equalizing circuit charging emulation experiment by taking 4 batteries as an example.Setting
Under conditions of putting certain control accuracy, each battery cell realizes electric voltage equalization by equalizing circuit.
Fig. 8 be by taking 4 batteries as an example equalizing circuit electric discharge emulation experiment in each battery cell voltage oscillogram.Setting
Under conditions of putting certain control accuracy, each battery cell realizes electric voltage equalization by equalizing circuit.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention not by above-described embodiment
Limit, other any spirit without departing from the present invention and the change, modification, replacement made under principle, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of improved circuit of the two-way non-dissipative equalizing of series battery based on inductive energy storage, it is characterised in that the improvement
Circuit includes：Series battery, equalizing circuit and control circuit, wherein the series battery includes being divided into left and right two parts,
Left half battery cell is left set of cells, and right half battery cell is right set of cells, the left set of cells and the right set of cells
It is cascaded, the left set of cells and the right set of cells are coupled together by the middle equalizing circuit, the equilibrium
Circuit is connected with the control circuit again, and the control circuit is by controlling bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC in the equalizing circuit
The energy storage of break-make and energy storage inductor act on, realize the dynamic equalization in the series battery charge and discharge process.
2. the improved circuit of the two-way non-dissipative equalizing of a kind of series battery based on inductive energy storage according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
(n is positive integer), the left set of cells and the right battery when in the series battery, battery cell sum is 2n
In group, battery cell number is n, when in the series battery, battery cell sum is 2n+1 (n is positive integer), if described
Left battery in battery pack number of monomers is n, then the right battery in battery pack number of monomers is n+1, if the left battery in battery pack
Number of monomers is n+1, then the right battery in battery pack number of monomers is n.
3. the improved circuit of the two-way non-dissipative equalizing of a kind of series battery based on inductive energy storage according to claim 2,
Characterized in that,
When in the series battery, battery cell sum is 2n, the left battery in battery pack monomer is ordered from top to bottom respectively
Entitled Bl1、Bl2、Bl3、……Bln, and Bl1、Bl2、Bl3、……BlnIt is sequentially connected in series；The right battery in battery pack monomer is from upper
B is respectively designated as underr1、Br2、Br3、……Brn, and Br1、Br2、Br3、……BrnIt is sequentially connected in series；Wherein, Bl1Positive pole connect
VCC, Br1Negative pole meet GND；
Energy storage inductor L number in the improved circuit in a balanced way is n, is from top to bottom respectively designated as L1、L2……Ln, and
L1、L2……LnIt is sequentially connected in series；The quantity of the bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC in the equalizing circuit is 3n+2, wherein there is n individual two-way
Controllable silicon TRIAC is from top to bottom respectively designated as S1、S2……Sn, S1、S2……SnIt is sequentially connected in series, and S1、S2……SnRespectively
It is connected in parallel on energy storage inductor L1、L2……LnTwo ends；Wherein there is n+1 bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC to be from top to bottom respectively designated as
Sl1、Sl2……Sl(n+1), Sl1、Sl2……SlnT1End respectively with energy storage inductor L1、L2……LnUpper end be connected, Sl(n+1)T1
End and energy storage inductor LnLower end be connected, Sl1、Sl2……SlnT2End and battery cell Bl1、Bl2、Bl3、……BlnAnode phase
Even, Sl(n+1)T2End and battery cell BlnNegative terminal be connected；Wherein remaining n+1 bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC from top to bottom divides
S is not named asr1、Sr2……Sr(n+1), Sr1、Sr2……SrnT1End respectively with energy storage inductor L1、L2……LnUpper end be connected,
Sr(n+1)T1End and energy storage inductor LnLower end be connected, Sr1、Sr2……SrnT2End and battery cell Br1、Br2、Br3、……Brn
Negative terminal be connected, Sr(n+1)T2End and battery cell BrnAnode be connected；
The gate pole of all bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is all connected with the control circuit, makes opening for all bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC
Logical and shut-off is by control circuit control.
4. the improved circuit of the two-way non-dissipative equalizing of a kind of series battery based on inductive energy storage according to claim 2,
Characterized in that,
When in the series battery, battery cell sum is 2n+1, the left battery in battery pack number of monomers is n, from up to
Under be respectively designated as Bl1、Bl2、Bl3、……Bln, and Bl1、Bl2、Bl3、……BlnIt is sequentially connected in series；The right battery in battery pack
Number of monomers is n+1, is respectively designated as B from top to bottomr0、Br1、Br2、Br3、……Brn, and Br0、Br1、Br2、Br3、……BrnAccording to
Secondary series connection；Wherein, Bl1Positive pole meet VCC, Br0Negative pole meet GND；
Energy storage inductor L number in the improved circuit in a balanced way is n+1, is from top to bottom respectively designated as L0、L1……Ln,
L0、L1、L2……LnIt is sequentially connected in series；The quantity of the bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC in the equalizing circuit is 3n+5, wherein there is n+1
Bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is from top to bottom respectively designated as S0、S1、S2……Sn, S0、S1、S2……SnIt is sequentially connected in series, and S0、
S1、S2……SnInductance L is connected in parallel on respectively0、L1、L2……LnTwo ends；Wherein there is n+2 bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC by up to
Under be respectively designated as Sl0、Sl1、Sl2……Sl(n+1), Sl0、Sl1、Sl2……SlnT1End respectively with energy storage inductor L0、L1、L2……
LnUpper end be connected, Sl(n+1)T1End and energy storage inductor LnLower end be connected, Sl1、Sl2……SlnT2End and battery Bl1、Bl2、
Bl3、……BlnAnode be connected, Sl0T2End and battery Bl1Anode be connected, Sl(n+1)T2End and battery BlnNegative terminal phase
Even；Wherein remaining n+2 bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is from top to bottom respectively designated as Sr0、Sr1、Sr2……Sr(n+1), Sr0、Sr1、
Sr2……SrnT1End respectively with energy storage inductor L0、L1、L2……LnUpper end be connected, Sr(n+1)T1End and energy storage inductor Ln's
Lower end is connected, Sr1、Sr2……SrnT2End and battery Br1、Br2、Br3、……BrnNegative terminal be connected, Sr0T2End and battery Br1
Negative terminal be connected, Sr(n+1)T2End and battery BrnAnode be connected；
The gate pole of all bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC is all connected with the control circuit, makes opening for all bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC
Logical and shut-off is by control circuit control.
5. changing according to a kind of arbitrary described two-way non-dissipative equalizing of the series battery based on inductive energy storage of Claims 1-4
Good circuit, it is characterised in that
The control circuit includes the drive circuit of microcontroller and all bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC, by the microcontroller
Device is programmed, and is analyzed the electricity of each battery cell in the series battery and is determined the control strategy of the equalizing circuit；Institute
The gate pole that drive circuit is stated to bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC provides appropriate driving voltage or shut-off voltage, allows bidirectional triode thyristor
TRIAC is turned on or off according to actual demand.
6. changing according to a kind of arbitrary described two-way non-dissipative equalizing of the series battery based on inductive energy storage of Claims 1-4
Good circuit, it is characterised in that
In the control circuit, the size of the frequency of control signal is according to the inductance value of the circuit energy storage inductor L for being controlled, two-way
Depending on the switching loss of controllable silicon TRIAC, battery cell voltage, battery cell capacity.
7. changing according to a kind of arbitrary described two-way non-dissipative equalizing of the series battery based on inductive energy storage of Claims 1-4
Good circuit, it is characterised in that
In the series battery, battery is the secondary cells such as lead-acid battery, lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery, ultracapacitor.
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| CN201611154168.3A CN106602648B (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2016-12-14 | Improved circuit for bidirectional lossless equalization of series battery pack based on inductive energy storage |
| PCT/CN2017/113370 WO2018107963A1 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2017-11-28 | Inductive energy storage-based improved circuit for series-connected battery-pack bidirectional lossless equalization |
| JP2019553612A JP7015569B2 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2017-11-28 | Improved circuit for bidirectional lossless equilibrium of series battery pack based on inductive energy storage |
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| WO2018107963A1 (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-06-21 | 华南理工大学 | Inductive energy storage-based improved circuit for series-connected battery-pack bidirectional lossless equalization |
| CN108306352A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-07-20 | 东莞市德尔能新能源股份有限公司 | Energy-storage battery pack non-dissipative equalizing improved circuit based on inductance and its equalization methods |
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| CN113489097B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2024-07-02 | 河南理工大学 | Active equalization method of series battery pack based on L-LC energy storage |
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| JP7015569B2 (en) | 2022-02-03 |
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| JP2020503834A (en) | 2020-01-30 |
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