CN106604286A - LTE-U and WiFi non-authorized frequency band coexistence adaptive channel access method based on virtualized network architecture - Google Patents
LTE-U and WiFi non-authorized frequency band coexistence adaptive channel access method based on virtualized network architecture Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
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Abstract
The invention discloses a LTE-U and WiFi non-authorized frequency band coexistence adaptive channel access method based on virtualized network architecture. The method comprises the following steps: (1) network load information collection; (2) network load calculation; and (3) access mechanism selection. The method has the advantages of improving the access fairness of a LTE-U user and a WiFi user in the non-authorized frequency band and improving the throughput performance of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technique field, especially a kind of LTE-U and WiFi based on the virtualization network architecture
Unauthorized frequency range coexists adaptive channel cut-in method.
Background technology
In recent years, the fast development with mobile Internet and such as smart mobile phone, panel computer, wearable communication equipment
Deng the rapid popularization of intelligent terminal, the wireless data transmission demand of Cellular Networks exponentially increases.And legacy cellular net is used
Mandate frequency range cannot meet the demand that user increases rapidly.To solve frequency spectrum resource shortage problem, standardization body starts
Study the feasibility using the such as unauthorized frequency range of 2.4GHz, 5GHz in Cellular Networks.These unauthorized frequency ranges extensively should
For in other wireless systems such as WiFi, ZigBee.3GPP(the 3rd Generation Partnership
Project) standardization body starts recently one with regard to connecing using the auxiliary mandate of LTE standard (LTE-U) in unauthorized frequency range
Enter (LAA licensed-assisted access) research project (SI Study Item).
How the key issue that LTE-U needs are solved is LTE-U systems in identical unauthorized frequency range and WiFi system
Coexist.LTE network and WiFi system are the widely used two kinds of Radio Network Systems of current wireless communication field.LTE network
Operate in mandate frequency range, using fixed time-frequency structure channel access is realized；And WiFi system is operated in unauthorized frequency range,
Channel access is realized using competition mechanism.Due to LTE and WiFi adopt different channel access technologies, how to make LTE-U and
WiFi user realizes that harmonious coexistence becomes the technical problem with challenge in unauthorized frequency range.This problem is just being subject to more next
The concern of more research institutions, although having been achieved for some preliminary achievements in research at present, still has many problems to have
Treat further research and solve.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is, there is provided a kind of LTE-U and WiFi based on the virtualization network architecture
Unauthorized frequency range coexists adaptive channel cut-in method, can solve LTE-U and WiFi and coexist under scene in unauthorized frequency range
Channel access problem.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of LTE-U and WiFi based on the virtualization network architecture of present invention offer is non-to be awarded
Power frequency range coexists adaptive channel cut-in method, comprises the steps：
(1) network load information is collected；LTE-U base stations and WiFi access points are respectively by respective signaling to core net MME
Report the number of users of current each automatic network；
(2) offered load is calculated；MME calculates the load of current LTE-U and WiFi network according to the signaling information for receiving；
(3) access mechanism is selected；MME determines that LTE-U user carries out channel using different handset systems according to load condition
Access；When the threshold value that offered load determines higher than, LTE-U adopts AABS mechanism, otherwise using DCS mechanism；In AABS
In mechanism, MME determines that LTE-U needs the ABS numerical value for performing according to result of calculation；System circulation performs above procedure, self adaptation
The adjustment Channel Access Mechanism that adopted of LTE-U user.
Preferably, in step (2), the detailed process that offered load is calculated is：If nlT () is existing in t, network
The quantity of LTE-U user；nwT () is the quantity of the existing WiFi user in t, network, wherein comprising having occupied letter
The number of users of the number of users in road and the channel to be accessed such as；Using τlT () represents the normalized LTE-U loads of t；Then
Have：
Wherein N represents the channel quantity in network in the frequency range, using τwT () represents the normalized WiFi loads of t,
Then have：
The ratio of the load of t WiFi and LTE-U loads is represented using τ (t), is then had：
In formula (2), N-nlT () is represented in t, the number of channel that WiFi user can access；Work as N-nl(t)≥nw(t)
When, represent that current t there are enough channels to be available for WiFi user to access；Using τ in formula (2)wT the value of () is current to characterize
Offered load state, and use τwT ()=1/2 selects the threshold value of DCS handset systems or AABS handsets as LTE-U user.
Preferably, in step (3), the detailed process of DCS handsets is：Work as τwDuring (t)≤1/2, represent that offered load is low,
In the case where offered load is low, LTE-U only carries out channel access using DCS handset systems, without the need for retaining ABS in LTE-U frames
Subframe；In DCS handset systems, if LTE-U user is in 1 FBIn the frame block time, it is impossible to complete current data transfer, then not
Next F is simply continued in present channelBFrame block time tranfer current data, but in current FBLast height of frame block
Frame intercepts other channels；Continue to transmit if other channel idles switch to the idle channel, otherwise hold over current
Channel continues next one FBThe transmission of frame block time；When a LTE-U user needs transmission data, believed using MLBT competitions
Road；User intercepts to each channel；If channel 1 is idle, user is then in one minimum time F of the transmissionB；If with
Family can not be in current FBThe transformation task of current data is completed in time, then in current FBThe last subframe moment intercept other
Channel；If it find that channel n current idles, then the transmission of LTE-U user is in current FBChannel n is switched to from channel 1 after end,
And in next FBTime transmits on channel n；Meanwhile, the state of channel 1 is changed into idle from busy, and supply other users connect
Enter, all of LTE-U user carries out aforesaid operations with same mechanism.
Preferably, in step (3), the detailed process of AABS mechanism is：Work as τwDuring (t) >=1/2, represent offered load compared with
It is high；In the case where offered load is higher, using AABS handset systems, in AABS mechanism, ABS subframes are in 1 LTE-U frame
Quantity in 1 LTE-U frame of ratio or ABS subframes is obtained by formula (4) dynamic；η (t) is made to be characterized in t LTE-U frame
The ratio of ABS subframes；The value of η (t) depends on the ratio of the load of WiFi and the load of LTE-U and WiFi and LTE-U loads,
The value of η (t) is represented by：
Wherein M () is a mapping function, when 1/2<τw(t)<When 1, represent that offered load is higher；Offered load compared with
In the case of height, LTE-U user enables AABS handset systems, and the value of η (t) depends on τwThe value of (t) and τ (t)；Work as τw(t)=
When 1, represent that offered load is high, in the case of offered load height, represent that, now without idle channel, the value of η (t) depends on τ (t)
Value；According to the value of η (t), core network element MME determines the quantity of ABS subframes in LTE-U frames.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：It is effectively improved what LTE-U user and WiFi user accessed in unauthorized band channels
Fairness, improves the throughput performance of system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is LTE-U the and WiFi co-existin networks model schematics of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the time-frequency channel structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the dynamic channel switching schematic diagram of the present invention.
The frame structure schematic diagram of the LTE-U that Fig. 4 contains ABS subframes when being η=0.3 of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is method of the present invention schematic flow sheet.
Specific embodiment
A kind of unauthorized frequency range of LTE-U and WiFi based on the virtualization network architecture coexists adaptive channel cut-in method,
It is made up of two sub- mechanism：(1) dynamic channel handover mechanism (Dynamic Channel Switch, DCS) and self adaptation is almost
Blank subframe (Adaptive Almost Blank Subframe, AABS) mechanism.
To realize ACA methods, the channel competition first for LTE-U user access propose a kind of new channel time-frequency structure and
A kind of " modified form is first listened and said afterwards " (Modified Listen Before Talk, MLBT) function.In ACA methods, LTE-U
User can be adaptive selected DCS handset systems and AABS handset systems according to the situation of offered load.DCS handset systems are used for
When offered load is relatively low, it is to avoid LTE-U user crosses long-time and takes same channel, and provides WiFi user and more access machine
Meeting；AABS handset systems are used for when offered load is higher, a number of blank subframe are retained in LTE-U frames, to guarantee
WiFi user obtains fair channel access chance.
To enable the adaptively selected DCS handset systems of LTE-U or AABS handset systems, LTE-U base stations (Base is needed
Station, BS) and WiFi access points (Access Point, AP) to core network element mobile management entity (Mobile
Management Entity, MME) number of users in its coverage is reported respectively.MME is calculated according to the signaling information for receiving
The loading condition of LTE-U and WiFi in current network, and determine that LTE-U uses different handsets according to the load condition for calculating
System.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention considers that LTE-U and WiFi users access the network rack of same core net by C-RAN
The network insertion of structure, wherein WiFi user follows the standards of IEEE 802.11.C-RAN is based on multiple void of SDN and NFV technologies
Intend the centralized virtual network that entity is constituted, the signaling of LTE-U and WiFi users and data can be separated by C-RAN, by
MME is managed collectively the coexistence mechanism with decision-making LTE-U and WiFi according to network user's number and loading condition.
A kind of unauthorized frequency range of LTE-U and WiFi based on the virtualization network architecture coexists adaptive channel cut-in method,
For solving the problems, such as that LTE-U and WiFi coexist the channel access under scene in unauthorized frequency range.The method considers LTE-U and WiFi
User accesses same core net (Core Network) by C-RAN (Cloud-Radio Access Networks).C-
RAN is that one kind is virtualized based on software defined network (Software Defined Network, SDN) and network function
The centralized virtual network that multiple pseudo-entities of (Network Function Virtualization, NFV) technology are constituted,
By C-RAN the signaling and data separating of LTE-U and WiFi users, by MME according to network user's number and loading condition, unify
Management and the coexistence mechanism of decision-making LTE-U and WiFi.In ACA methods, a kind of new channel time-frequency structure is firstly introduced into, has been used
In LTE-U user and the channel access of WiFi user；Simultaneously " modified model is first listened and said afterwards " function is also introduced, for LTE-U use
The channel competition at family.The method is obtained first the load information of each network system in co-existin networks by MME；Then, by MME according to
The information of acquisition calculates the loading condition of each network, and whether by judging to load more than the threshold value for determining, selection performs dynamic
Channel switches (DCS) handset system or self adaptation almost blank subframe (AABS) handset system.When AABS is selected, MME is needed to enter one
Step determines the value of ABS；Finally, sent control signaling from MME to LTE-U base stations (Base Station, BS), make LTE-U user
Channel access is carried out using the selected handset systems of MME；System performs above procedure by circulation, is adaptively adjusted LTE-U
The Channel Access Mechanism that user is adopted.
LTE-U and WiFi users access same core net by C-RAN.C-RAN is a kind of based on SDN and NFV technologies
The centralized virtual network that constitutes of multiple pseudo-entities, by C-RAN the signaling and data point of LTE-U and WiFi users
From, by MME according to network user's number and loading condition, the coexistence mechanism of unified management and decision-making LTE-U and WiFi.System is continuous
This process is circulated, the function of self-adaptative adjustment Channel Access Mechanism is realized.
As shown in Fig. 2 the channel access under scene coexists in unauthorized frequency range to meet LTE-U and WiFi users, introduce
A kind of new time-frequency channel structure.In the time-frequency channel structure of Fig. 2, unauthorized frequency range is divided into N number of channel on frequency domain, its
In each channel in time domain by a series of frame block FBWith idle interval G compositions.One frame block FBComprising M radio frames, wherein
Specify that a radio frames are made up of 10 subframes according to LTE standard.Frame block FBFor LTE-U user's transmission data on the channel,
And idle interval G is then by WiFi user's transmission data.
It is that LTE-U systems introduce " modified model listem-before-talk (MLBT) " function before ACA mechanism is described in detail in detail.For
LTE-U user, needs to use MLBT function competitive channels before transmitting the data.Similar with LBT functions, user is in transmission data
Intercept channel first before.If channel idle, user then takes one F of the channelBThe time of frame block carries out data transmission.
From unlike LBT functions, when channel busy is intercepted, user does not carry out random back and is to continue with intercepting until there is channel empty
It is not busy.For WiFi user, then using LBT function competitive channels.If channel idle, take the channel and be transmitted, otherwise
Competitive channel again will be carried out after random back.
When the data volume of LTE-U user's transmission is larger, if not taking the restriction of duration, LTE-U user then president
Time busy channel, causes WiFi user to need to wait as long for and access the reduction of chance.In order to avoid this problem, LTE-
U user can not take same channel and cross long-time.Therefore, it is that LTE-U user introduces a kind of handset of dynamic channel switching (DCS)
System.In the mechanism, it is allowed to which LTE-U user is in a FBThe end moment be switched to other idle channels from present channel, with
The current channel of release, for WiFi user access chance is provided.But DCS mechanism only has in the case where offered load is relatively low
Effect.When offered load is high, LTE-U user can take most time-frequency channels because of substantial amounts of data transfer, cause idle channel very
It is few.In this case, only using DCS mechanism, channel leaves the access chance of WiFi user for can be little.In order to solve network
Problem when loading high, is further introduced into a kind of handset system of self adaptation almost blank subframe (AABS).In AABS mechanism, in net
Network load allows MME to retain a number of subframe in LTE-U frames and use for WiFi user in the case of doing, to guarantee WiFi
The fair exchange protocols of user.
From the foregoing, being that, using DCS and AABS handset systems, user is required to differentiate the load condition of current network.
In the network model of Fig. 1, LTE-U base stations and WiFi access points report current each by respective signaling to core net MME respectively
The number of users of automatic network.MME calculates the load of current LTE-U and WiFi network according to the signaling information for receiving, and according to load
Determines LTE-U user carries out channel access using different handset systems.Specifically, when offered load is less than a determination
During threshold value, LTE-U adopts DCS handset systems, otherwise using AABS handset systems.
As shown in figure 5, the implementation steps of ACA methods of the present invention are as follows：
1. load is calculated
How to select and implement DCS and AABS handset systems to be determined according to the load condition of network by core network element MME.If nl
T () is the quantity of the existing LTE-U user in t, network.nwT () is the number of the existing WiFi user in t, network
Amount, wherein the number of users of channel to be accessed such as comprising the number of users for having occupied channel and.Using τlWhen () represents t t
Normalized LTE-U loads are carved, is then had：
Wherein N represents the channel quantity in network in the frequency range.Using τwT () represents the normalized WiFi loads of t,
Then have：
The ratio of the load of t WiFi and LTE-U loads is represented using τ (t), is then had：
In formula (2), N-nlT () is represented in t, the number of channel that WiFi user can access.Work as N-nl(t)≥nw(t)
When, represent that current t there are enough channels to be available for WiFi user to access.Thus, it is possible to using τ in formula (2)wT the value of () is come
Current offered load state is characterized, and uses τwT ()=1/2 selects DCS handset systems or AABS handsets as LTE-U user
The threshold value of system.
2. DCS handset systems
Work as τwDuring (t)≤1/2, represent that offered load is low.In the case where offered load is low, LTE-U only uses DCS handsets
System carries out channel access, without the need for retaining ABS subframes in LTE-U frames.
DCS handset systems are used to avoid LTE-U user from crossing long-time busy channel.The handset system can be provided for WiFi user
It is more to access chance.In DCS handset systems, if LTE-U user is in 1 FBIn the frame block time, it is impossible to complete current number
According to transmission, then in present channel next F is not simply continued toBFrame block time tranfer current data, but in current FBFrame block
Last subframe intercepts other channels.Continue to transmit if other channel idles switch to the idle channel, otherwise after
The continuous present channel that takes continues next one FBThe transmission of frame block time.By introducing DCS handset systems, the LTE- of current transmission channel
U user is in FBThe last subframe moment of frame block listens to other idle channels, then this F on present channelBFrame block time tranfer is tied
A time slot is reserved after beam.This time slot provides access chance for WiFi user using the channel.
Accessed using the LTE-U user data transmission of DCS handsets and switch instances are illustrated as shown in Figure 3.When one
When LTE-U user needs transmission data, first by MLBT competitive channels.For this purpose, user intercepts first to each channel.Such as
Fruit channel 1 is idle, and user is then in one minimum time F of the transmissionB.If user can not be in current FBComplete in time
The transformation task of current data, then in current FBThe last subframe moment intercept other channels.If it find that channel n is currently empty
Spare time, then the transmission of LTE-U user is in current FBChannel n is switched to from channel 1 after end, and in next FBTime is on channel n
Transmission.Meanwhile, the state of channel 1 is changed into idle from busy, and supply other users are accessed.All of LTE-U user is with same
Mechanism carries out aforesaid operations.In figure 3, channel n has 3 continuous FBFrame block, this shows in front 2 FBThe last subframe moment, use
Family does not all listen to idle channel in whole frequency range, so the LTE-U user continues transmission until detecting on channel n
Other idle channels or current transmission task are completed.
3. AABS handset systems
Work as τwDuring (t) >=1/2, represent that offered load is higher.In the case where offered load is higher, using AABS handsets
System, by the fair exchange protocols machine that WiFi user is guaranteed for a number of blank subframe of WiFi user's reservation in LTE-U frames
Meeting.AABS handset systems are based on the ABS mechanism for being co-channel interference between size base station in solution heterogeneous network in LTE-Rel.10
One kind improves mechanism.Existing static ABS mechanism is to sacrifice global handling capacity as performance cost.In static ABS mechanism, when
It is and WiFi coexisted environments the ABS mechanism that then enables that LTE-U user detects current network conditions, and is introduced in LTE-U frames true
The ABS subframes of fixed number amount, the quantity of wherein ABS subframes is fixed, it is impossible to the dynamic self adaptation with the change of offered load
Change.Therefore, when LTE-U and WiFi offered load than it is relatively low when, the throughput of system of LTE-U can be because introduce ABS mechanism
And decline.On the other hand, when the offered load of WiFi is very big, if the ABS number of subframes that LTE-U is introduced is very little, can drop
The handling capacity of low WiFi.Therefore, it is the global handling capacity of raising network, needs design one to be adjusted according to offered load self adaptation
The ABS mechanism of whole ABS number of frames.One kind that AABS handset systems are exactly proposed for this target improves mechanism.
Quantity in AABS mechanism, in the 1 LTE-U frame of ratio or ABS subframes of ABS subframes in 1 LTE-U frame
Obtained by formula (4) dynamic.η (t) is made to be characterized in the ratio of ABS subframes in t LTE-U frame.According to analyzing above, it is clear that η (t)
Value depend on WiFi load and LTE-U load and WiFi and LTE-U load ratio.The value of η (t) can be represented
For：
Wherein M () is a mapping function.Understood according to formula (4), work as τwDuring (t)≤1/2, represent that offered load is low.
In the case where offered load is low, LTE-U only carries out channel access using DCS handset systems, without the need for retaining ABS in LTE-U frames
Subframe.When 1/2<τw(t)<When 1, represent that offered load is higher.In the case where offered load is higher, LTE-U user enables
AABS handset systems, and the value of η (t) depends on τwThe value of (t) and τ (t).Work as τwDuring (t)=1, represent that offered load is high.In net
In the case of network load height, represent that, now without idle channel, the value of η (t) depends on the value of τ (t).According to the value of η (t), core
Network element MME determines the quantity of ABS subframes in LTE-U frames.The frame structure of LTE-U frames when Fig. 4 citings represent η=0.3.Need explanation
To be M () can be configured according to actual demand as a mapping function, technology and engineering staff to it.
Although the present invention is illustrated with regard to preferred implementation and has been described, it is understood by those skilled in the art that
Without departing from scope defined by the claims of the present invention, variations and modifications can be carried out to the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of unauthorized frequency range of LTE-U and WiFi based on the virtualization network architecture coexists adaptive channel cut-in method, its
It is characterised by, comprises the steps：
(1) network load information is collected；LTE-U base stations and WiFi access points are reported respectively by respective signaling to core net MME
The number of users of current each automatic network；
(2) offered load is calculated；MME calculates the load of current LTE-U and WiFi network according to the signaling information for receiving；
(3) access mechanism is selected；MME determines that LTE-U user carries out channel access using different handset systems according to load condition；
When the threshold value that offered load determines higher than, LTE-U adopts AABS mechanism, otherwise using DCS mechanism；In AABS mechanism
In, MME determines that LTE-U needs the ABS numerical value for performing according to result of calculation；System circulation performs above procedure, adaptive tune
The Channel Access Mechanism that whole LTE-U user is adopted.
2. the unauthorized frequency range of LTE-U and WiFi based on the virtualization network architecture as claimed in claim 1 coexists self adaptation letter
Road cut-in method, it is characterised in that in step (2), offered load calculate detailed process be：If nlT () is the net in t
The quantity of existing LTE-U user in network；nwT () is the quantity of the existing WiFi user in t, network, wherein comprising
Occupy the number of users and the number of users of channel to be accessed such as of channel；Using τlT () represents the normalized LTE-U of t
Load；Then have：
Wherein N represents the channel quantity in network in the frequency range, using τwT () represents the normalized WiFi loads of t, then
Have：
The ratio of the load of t WiFi and LTE-U loads is represented using τ (t), is then had：
In formula (2), N-nlT () is represented in t, the number of channel that WiFi user can access；Work as N-nl(t)≥nwWhen (t), table
Show that current t there are enough channels to be available for WiFi user to access；Using τ in formula (2)wT the value of () is characterizing current network
Load condition, and use τwT ()=1/2 selects the threshold value of DCS handset systems or AABS handsets as LTE-U user.
3. the unauthorized frequency range of LTE-U and WiFi based on the virtualization network architecture as claimed in claim 1 coexists self adaptation letter
Road cut-in method, it is characterised in that in step (3), the detailed process of DCS handsets is：Work as τwDuring (t)≤1/2, network is represented
Load is low, and in the case where offered load is low, LTE-U only carries out channel access using DCS handset systems, without the need in LTE-U frames
Retain ABS subframes；In DCS handset systems, if LTE-U user is in 1 FBIn the frame block time, it is impossible to complete current data and pass
It is defeated, then in present channel do not simply continue to next FBFrame block time tranfer current data, but in current FBFrame block it is last
One subframe intercepts other channels；Continue to transmit if other channel idles switch to the idle channel, otherwise continue to account for
Continue next one F with present channelBThe transmission of frame block time；It is competing using MLBT when a LTE-U user needs transmission data
Strive channel；User intercepts to each channel；If channel 1 is idle, user is then in one minimum time F of the transmissionB；Such as
Fruit user can not be in current FBThe transformation task of current data is completed in time, then in current FBThe last subframe moment intercept
Other channels；If it find that channel n current idles, then the transmission of LTE-U user is in current FBLetter is switched to after end from channel 1
Road n, and in next FBTime transmits on channel n；Meanwhile, the state of channel 1 is changed into idle from busy, supplies other users
Access, all of LTE-U user carries out aforesaid operations with same mechanism.
4. the unauthorized frequency range of LTE-U and WiFi based on the virtualization network architecture as claimed in claim 1 coexists self adaptation letter
Road cut-in method, it is characterised in that in step (3), the detailed process of AABS mechanism is：Work as τwDuring (t) >=1/2, network is represented
Load is higher；In the case where offered load is higher, using AABS handset systems, in AABS mechanism, ABS subframes are in 1 LTE-U
The quantity in 1 LTE-U frame of ratio or ABS subframes in frame is obtained by formula (4) dynamic；η (t) is made to be characterized in t LTE-U
The ratio of ABS subframes in frame；The value of η (t) depends on what the load of WiFi and the load of LTE-U and WiFi and LTE-U were loaded
Ratio, the value of η (t) is represented by：
Wherein M () is a mapping function, when 1/2<τw(t)<When 1, represent that offered load is higher；It is higher in offered load
In the case of, LTE-U user enables AABS handset systems, and the value of η (t) depends on τwThe value of (t) and τ (t)；Work as τwDuring (t)=1,
Represent that offered load is high, in the case of offered load height, represent that, now without idle channel, the value of η (t) depends on τ's (t)
Value；According to the value of η (t), core network element MME determines the quantity of ABS subframes in LTE-U frames.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611121302.XA CN106604286A (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | LTE-U and WiFi non-authorized frequency band coexistence adaptive channel access method based on virtualized network architecture |
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