CN106547974A - A kind of quantitative approach of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect - Google Patents
A kind of quantitative approach of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quantitative approach of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect, comprises the following steps：S01, based on the present situation of the sinking land in coalmining areas, the distribution, mining progress and structure from coal seam is started with, and based on Knothe time function, predicts the Dynamic Subsidence contour of the sinking land in coalmining areas using probability integration process；S02, respectively obtains the area and depth of the sinking land in coalmining areas using GIS, ENVI and Quick Bird, coordinates the Dynamic Subsidence contour of prediction, predicts depression area, depression depth and the depression storage capacity of the sinking land in coalmining areas under the following time.A kind of quantitative approach of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect that the present invention is provided, fully utilizes the potentiality of the sinking land in coalmining areas, utilizes it as reservoir and the flood in Subsidence Area periphery river is retained, and the effect of flood storage flood detention is quantified.Meet following comprehensive flood control works, scientific flood control forecasting, the multiple target of system precision Flood Control Dispatch are required.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quantitative approach of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect, belongs to hydrotechnics field.
Background technology
Currently, for the research using sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention is still in the starting stage, as the sinking land in coalmining areas is
A kind of high ground-water level subsides area, and it is complex that the dynamic rule of Subsidence Area, hydrops mechanism, water circulation are shifted to new management mechanisms etc..
Current scholar can only substantially estimate sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect, it is impossible to which sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect is entered
Row quantifies.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of quantitative approach of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect,
The method improves Flood Control in Certain Area water logging control standard and level all has weight for future flood control engineering system, scientific, rationalization
The theory significance wanted and using value.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of quantitative approach of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect, comprises the following steps：
S01, based on the present situation of the sinking land in coalmining areas, the distribution, mining progress and structure from coal seam is started with, during based on Knothe
Between function, using probability integration process predict the sinking land in coalmining areas Dynamic Subsidence contour；
S02, respectively obtains the area and depth of the sinking land in coalmining areas using GIS, ENVI and Quick Bird, coordinates prediction
Dynamic Subsidence contour, predicts depression area, depression depth and the depression storage capacity of the sinking land in coalmining areas under the following time；
The sinking land in coalmining areas is considered as " Shallow Reservoirs " by S03, considers impact of the periphery river to its waterlogging prevention,
Determine characteristic level of water and drainaging scheme is drawn in Subsidence Area；
S04, based on the analysis to sinking land in coalmining areas region meteorological model data, sets up sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention
Mathematical model；
Simulated using flood storage flood detention mathematical model, when the river of sinking land in coalmining areas periphery faces the flood of different frequency,
Regulating and storing through the sinking land in coalmining areas, flood discharge are retained, and flood peak value is cut in；Flood storage flood detention of the sinking land in coalmining areas to flood is imitated
Fruit quantifies out.
Using GIS, with high-resolution digital complex demodulation as basic document, using the calculating instrument in GIS, count
Calculate the DEM numerical value of following each time sinking land in coalmining areas；The function prediction instrument reapplied in GIS calculates the sinking land in coalmining areas not
The depression area for coming；
Manually layouted using Quick Bird remotely-sensed datas and in the sinking land in coalmining areas parameter of acquisition, chosen inverting
The factor, sets up RS Fathoming inverse model through regression analyses, so as to be calculated the depression depth of water；What is obtained in coordinating S01 is dynamic
The sinking of state equivalent curve and all directions obtained by Dynamic Subsidence contour, calculates the depression depth in following time
Degree；
The depression storage capacity of different times is different；The depression area of the different times predicted by the sinking land in coalmining areas and coal mining
The depression depth in the corresponding period of Subsidence Area prediction is multiplied and obtains the depression storage capacity of different times；
Based on Chinese Academy of Sciences's geographical spatial data information system platform and NASA Earth Explorer data messages system
System platform, chooses the sinking land in coalmining areas TM and ETM+ Remote Sensing Digital Image data for many years, by data through geometric correction, data
Demarcation, atmospheric correction and image cutting-out pretreatment and analysis, and long film sequence data is divided into into several typical years, profit
The topography and geomorphology and scope of the sinking land in coalmining areas are extracted with ENVI instruments, represented sinking land in coalmining areas depression model visual and clearly
The historical evolution for enclosing.
The characteristic level of water includes top water level, normal pool level, ecological water when top water level, non-flood period during flood season
Position and emerging sharp water storage level.
The Subsidence Area ejectment water schemes synthesis water level scheduling, Flow-rate adjustment and river course buckling factor.
The content of the flood storage flood detention mathematical model is as follows：
Qr=qr·t0
Wherein, QrRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river natural water magnanimity, unit：Ten thousand m3；qrRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas week
Side river natural water flow, unit：m3/s；t0Represent time step, t0=24h=86400s；
A. when sinking land in coalmining areas water-retention：
Work as qr≤qfWhen, water in the periphery river of the sinking land in coalmining areas Bu Qixu sinking lands in coalmining areas is let out under coal-mining subsidence domain tyeory
Amount is not zero；
If Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu>VmaxWhen, then Vt=Vmax-Vy；
If Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu≤VmaxWhen, then Vt=Qr-Qf-Qu；
Wherein, VtRepresent same day sinking land in coalmining areas reservoir storage, unit：Ten thousand m3；VyRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas water-retention on the one
Amount, unit：Ten thousand m3；VmaxRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas Peak sink, unit：Ten thousand m3；QfRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river to prevent
Big vast flood season limit level correspondence natural water magnanimity, unit：Ten thousand m3；QuRepresent the sinking land in coalmining areas and work as daily water consumption, unit：Ten thousand m3；qfGeneration
Table sinking land in coalmining areas periphery River Flood flood season limit level correspondence natural water flow, unit：m3/s；
B. when letting out under coal-mining subsidence domain tyeory：
Work as qr>qfWhen, water in the periphery river of the sinking land in coalmining areas Qi Xu sinking lands in coalmining areas, discharge under coal-mining subsidence domain tyeory
It is zero；
If Qf-Qr≤Vy-Vmin-Qu, then Qo=Qf-Qr；
If Qf-Qr>Vy-Vmin-Qu, then Qo=Vy-Vmin-Qu；
Wherein, VminRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas minimum capacity of a reservoir amount, unit：Ten thousand m3；QoRepresent discharge under the sinking land in coalmining areas, unit ten thousand
m3；
C. when the sinking land in coalmining areas is supplied water to be adjusted：
Work as qr≤qfWhen,
If Vy-Vmin-Qmu>=0, then Q=Qmu；
If Vy-Vmin-Qmu<0, then Q=Vy-Vmin；
Work as qr>qfWhen,
If Qr-Qf≥Qmu, then Q=Qmu；
If Qr-Qf<Qmu, then work as Qr-Qf+Vy-Vmin≥QmuWhen, Q=Qmu；Work as Qr-Qf+Vy-Vmin<QmuWhen, Q=Qr-Qf+
Vy-Vmin；
Wherein, QmuRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas same day maximum water consumption, ten thousand m of unit3；Q represents sinking land in coalmining areas output, single
Ten thousand m of position3；
D. when sinking land in coalmining areas storage capacity is adjusted to be changed：
Work as qr≤qfWhen, if Vy-Vmin-Qo≥Qmu, then V=Vy-Qmu-Qo；If Vy-Vmin-Qo<Qmu, then V=Vmin；
Work as qr>qfWhen, if Qr-Qf-QuWhen >=0, work as Qr-Qf-Qu≥Vmax-VyWhen, then V=Vmax；Work as Qr-Qf-Qu<Vmax-Vy
When, then V=Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu；
Work as qr>qfWhen, if Qr-Qf-Qu<When 0, work as Qr-Qf+Vy-Vmin-QuWhen >=0, then V=Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu, work as Qr-Qf+
Vy-Vmin-Qu<When 0, then V=Vmin；
By above-mentioned a, after the calculating of tetra- modules of b, c, d, under the river course after the sinking land in coalmining areas is regulated and stored, discharge is as follows：
Qre=Qr-Qu-(Vt-Vy)
Wherein, QreRepresent discharge under river course, ten thousand m of unit3；V represents the instant storage capacity in the sinking land in coalmining areas, ten thousand m of unit3。
The sinking land in coalmining areas be due to the long-term exploitation in colliery and formed a kind of surface subsidence, indentation hydrops, be similar to lake
Closing water body.As time goes on, until before coal seam is stable, the depression area of the sinking land in coalmining areas and depth persistently can increase
Plus, corresponding hydrops storage capacity also constantly changes.At present, for the sinking land in coalmining areas, study hotspot both domestic and external is concentrated on to be adopted
The soil second ploughing of coal Subsidence Area and comprehensive control, the environmental improvement of the sinking land in coalmining areas and protection, the purification of water quality of the sinking land in coalmining areas
With the aspect such as restoration of the ecosystem, the Water Resource Adjustment And Control of the sinking land in coalmining areas, the water table measure of the sinking land in coalmining areas.It is of the present invention
A kind of quantitative approach of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect, it then follows the theory of recycling economy, from hydrology and water resource subject
Angle set out, emphatically excavate potentiality of the sinking land in coalmining areas in terms of waterlogging prevention, treatment in accordance with local conditions ground develop coal-mining subsidence
Area, is regarded as " Shallow Reservoirs ", draws flood storage water using the sinking land in coalmining areas.Realization undertakes upstream flood, alleviates downstream flood control
The target of pressure.
With the continuous exploitation of the sinking land in coalmining areas, depression area and the depth of water are continually changing, and by artificial actual measurement
Subsidence Area situation instantly can only be grasped, it is impossible to which quantitative prediction is made to the sinking situation of following Subsidence Area, causing can not be big
Cause to grasp the steady statue of the sinking land in coalmining areas.The quantitative approach of the sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect is invented, according to mining industry
Actual measurement of the group to mining subsidence present situation, predicts following time coal-mining subsidence based on Knothe time function applied probability integration method
The mining subsidence sinking in area；Using GIS instruments, with high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) as basic document, use
The instruments such as Spatial Analyst Tool, calculate the DEM numerical value in following each time.Further using in GIS software
The function predictions such as Calculate Geometry calculate following depression area in the sinking land in coalmining areas.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
The quantitative approach of a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect that the present invention is provided, using the sinking land in coalmining areas as " flat
Prototype reservoir ", carries out flood diversion, flood storage, flood detention to its periphery river using its storage capacity.The method using GIS, Quick Bird,
The instruments such as ENVI are respectively to high-resolution digital elevation data, inverting remotely-sensed data, TM image datas, ETM+ data, artificial
The data etc. of collection of layouting are processed and are analyzed.Following depression area, depression depth to the sinking land in coalmining areas is made quantitative pre-
Survey；Proposition meets the technical scheme of the sinking land in coalmining areas and its periphery river ejectment, and the quantitative characteristic level of water of the sinking land in coalmining areas；
Based on a series of hydrology, meteorological data, sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention mathematical model is set up, coal-mining subsidence is simulated respectively with model
Area under the scene of following 10-20, the effect regulated and stored by the flood of different frequency, and the effect is quantified.The present invention
Method fully utilizes the potentiality of the sinking land in coalmining areas, utilizes it as reservoir and the flood in Subsidence Area periphery river is retained,
And the effect of flood storage flood detention is quantified.Meet following comprehensive flood control works, scientific flood control forecasting, system precision flood control are adjusted
The multiple target of degree is required.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flood storage flood detention schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the characteristic level of water schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is sinking land in coalmining areas coal bed texture generalized section in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is sinking land in coalmining areas area change schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of sinking land in coalmining areas mock-up in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the top view of Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is flood storage flood detention mathematical model data flow diagram in the sinking land in coalmining areas in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is flood storage flood detention effect quantitatively schematic diagram in the sinking land in coalmining areas in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described.
As shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 8, a kind of quantitative approach of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect, according to the sinking land in coalmining areas 1
Present situation, including the data such as the distribution in 1 coal seam of the sinking land in coalmining areas, mining progress, the structure in coal seam, based on Knothe time function f
(x)：
F (x)=1-e-ctFormula (1)
In formula (1), t is the time interval between estimated exploitation moment and the exploitation moment of production unit；C is coal-mining subsidence
The subsidence velocity factor in area；
The Dynamic Subsidence contour that estimated production unit respectively exploits the period is obtained using probability integration process；Derive under earth's surface
Sinking W (x, y) of heavy any direction：
In formula (2), r is the main radius of influence of the mining level of any production unit, and unit is m；D is goaf；x、y
For point p coordinates, unit is m；WcmFor the maximum sinking value of earth's surface sufficient mining, unit is mm, is generally obtained by observational data；
η and ζ are the integral signs in mathematical formulae, and without practical significance, last integral result can offset the two letters；Point p refer to appoint
Meaning point；Goaf is the sinking land in coalmining areas；
Using dynamic depression ground elevation modelThe Dynamic Subsidence situation of the following Subsidence Area of prediction：
In formula (3),Represent plane vertical coordinates of the ground point i at the j moment；Represent planes of the ground point i at the j moment
Abscissa；Represent elevations of the ground point i at the j moment；ZiRepresent the original elevation of ground point i；Ground point i is represented in j-1
The subsidence velocity at moment to j moment, n represent the n points divided in integral process；M represents the m sections divided in integral process
Time step.
Using GIS, TIN is set up with high-resolution ground digital altitude data as basic document, first, then by TIN interpolations
Method into regular grid sets up the digital elevation model (DEM) of the sinking land in coalmining areas 1.Using the Spatial Analyst in GIS
The instruments such as Tool, calculate the DEM numerical value in following each time.Further using the Calculate Geometry in GIS software
Etc. function, with reference to the sinking of prediction, the depression area in 1 future of the sinking land in coalmining areas is calculated.
After earth's surface is subject to mining effect, below ground settlement to present situation elevation, above goaf earth's surface is made to form one
The many subsidence trough bigger than goaf area, changes original surface configuration and then causes height, the gradient and position
Change.
Using Quick Bird remotely-sensed datas and the parameter in 1 interior acquisition of manually being layouted of the sinking land in coalmining areas, choose anti-
The factor is drilled, RS Fathoming inverse model is set up through regression analyses, so as to be calculated the depression depth of water.Coordinate using GIS instruments
Subsidence Area Dynamic Subsidence contour and sinking that analysis is obtained, calculate the depression depth in following time.
The depression storage capacity of different times is different；The depression area of the different times predicted by the sinking land in coalmining areas and coal mining
The depression depth in the corresponding period of Subsidence Area prediction is multiplied and obtains the depression storage capacity of different times；Obtain as the year two thousand twenty, 2030
The minimum capacity of a reservoir in year, maximum storage capacity.
Minimum capacity of a reservoir refers to reservoir under normal application, it is allowed to which disappear lowest water level (title level of dead water) the corresponding storehouse fallen
Hold, also known as design lowest stage.This refers to the corresponding storage capacity of sinking land in coalmining areas lowest water level；
Maximum storage capacity refers to the corresponding storage capacity of upper water level for flood control in reservoir, when being that reservoir undertakes downstream flood control task,
The corresponding storage capacity of this water level need to just be determined；
Instant storage capacity：Refer to the sinking land in coalmining areas (24h) after flood of regulating and storing, the corresponding storage capacity in the sinking land in coalmining areas (water yield).
Utilizable capacity is also known as effective storage, work storage capacity.It is storage capacity that reservoir is actually available to regulated flow；Normal water-retention
Position is referred to as utilizable capacity to the volume of reservoir between level of dead water, that is, adjust storage capacity.
As the sinking land in coalmining areas is similar to " Shallow Reservoirs ", it is a water body similar to lake, therefore introduces lake
The concept of the eco-grounderwater level in hydrology.
Eco-grounderwater level：Lake hydrological and landform subsystem function is maintained to occur without the lowest water level required for serious degradation.
Based on Chinese Academy of Sciences's geographical spatial data information system, NASA Earth Explorer data information systems etc.
Platform, chooses TM and ETM+ Remote Sensing Digital Image data of the sinking land in coalmining areas over more than 1 years, by data through geometric correction, data
The pretreatment such as demarcation, atmospheric correction, image cutting-out and analysis, and long film sequence data is divided into into several typical years,
The topography and geomorphology and scope of the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 are extracted using ENVI instruments, represented the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 visual and clearly
The historical evolution of Subsidence Range.
The sinking land in coalmining areas 1 is considered as into " Shallow Reservoirs ", to the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 and the position in sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river 2
The relation of putting is studied, and the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 is connected with sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river 2 by passing in and out sluice gate 3；Propose comprehensive
The ejectment technology scheme of water level scheduling, Flow-rate adjustment, river course buckling factor is closed.The quantitative characteristic level of water 4 of the sinking land in coalmining areas 1
(including top water level, normal pool level, eco-grounderwater level and Xing Li water storage levels when top water level, non-flood period during flood season).When
Flood comes interim, and the flood in sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river 2 can enter the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 by ejectment engineering, real
Existing flood diversion, the target of flood storage；When flood peak is gone over, the target of flood detention peak clipping is realized in 1 real time camera flood discharge of the sinking land in coalmining areas；Pass through
The formulation of characteristic level of water 4 and scientifically dispatch, realize on the premise of itself does not occur waterlogging, the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 is for flood
Phase water can draw the flexible dispatching and scientific flood control that can be arranged, and realize the target except water damage using 1 emerging water conservancy of the sinking land in coalmining areas.
As shown in figure 1, in Fig. 1：
QIt is naturalRepresent the initial flow in sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river, unit：m3/s；
QEnterThe sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river discharge that representative is come in from sinking land in coalmining areas intake gate, unit：m3/s；
QWithRepresent the flow that the sinking land in coalmining areas supplies periphery water user, unit：m3/s；
QGo outRepresentative goes out the sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river discharge of stream, unit from sinking land in coalmining areas water gate：m3/s；
QUnder let outRepresent into the sinking land in coalmining areas, the flow after regulating and storing in sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river, unit：m3/s。
The scale of flood is forecast by the hydrometric station of 1 upstream of the sinking land in coalmining areas first.During flood season, work as coal-mining subsidence
Water (Q in area periphery river 2It is natural) more than sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river 2 regulate and store controlling water level corresponding flow when, open
Flood is introduced (Q in the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 by the connection sinking land in coalmining areas 1 and the water inlet check gate in sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river 2Enter)；
At the same time close the control gate (Q with domestic water is produced for supplying 1 periphery of the sinking land in coalmining areasWith)；When the sinking land in coalmining areas 1
When interior water level and storage capacity are up to peak level and corresponding storage capacity, the connection sinking land in coalmining areas week of the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 is opened
Flood in the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 is progressively discharged (Q by the water outlet check gate in 2 downstream of side riverGo out)；By the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 so
The pattern of regulating and storing of similar " Shallow Reservoirs ", the flow in sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river 2 can be cut in (QUnder let out).Entirety reaches
Effectively regulate and store flood, the purpose at flood storage and detention peak.
When flood peak passes by, the water inlet check gate in the connection sinking land in coalmining areas 1 and sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river 2 is closed
(QEnter), and the water outlet check gate (Q in heavy 2 downstream of the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 and sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river of connectionGo out)；Opening is used for
The production of supply 1 periphery of the sinking land in coalmining areas and the control gate (Q of domestic waterWith), the water-retention in the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 is supplied in order
Life production is used.Before next flood peak arrives, scientific dispatch adjusts the effective storage of the sinking land in coalmining areas 1, in case follow-up
Retain flood peak.
On the basis of depression area, depression depth, depression storage capacity and characteristic level of water 4, ejectment condition in the following time,
Based on the analysis to 1 regional meteorological model data of the sinking land in coalmining areas and principle of water balance, 1 flood storage flood detention of the sinking land in coalmining areas is set up
Mathematical model.
The content of flood storage flood detention mathematical model is as follows：
Qr=qr·t0Formula (4)
In formula (4), QrRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river natural water magnanimity, unit：Ten thousand m3；qrRepresent coal-mining subsidence
Area periphery river natural water flow, unit：m3/s；t0Represent time step, t0=24h=86400s；
A. when sinking land in coalmining areas water-retention：
Work as qr≤qfWhen, water in the periphery river of the sinking land in coalmining areas Bu Qixu sinking lands in coalmining areas is let out under coal-mining subsidence domain tyeory
Amount is not zero；
If Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu>VmaxWhen, then Vt=Vmax-Vy；
If Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu≤VmaxWhen, then Vt=Qr-Qf-Qu；
Wherein, VtRepresent same day sinking land in coalmining areas reservoir storage, unit：Ten thousand m3；VyRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas water-retention on the one
Amount, unit：Ten thousand m3；VmaxRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas Peak sink, unit：Ten thousand m3；QfRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river to prevent
Big vast flood season limit level correspondence natural water magnanimity, unit：Ten thousand m3；QuRepresent the sinking land in coalmining areas and work as daily water consumption, unit：Ten thousand m3；qfGeneration
Table sinking land in coalmining areas periphery River Flood flood season limit level correspondence natural water flow, unit：m3/s；
B. when letting out under coal-mining subsidence domain tyeory：
Work as qr>qfWhen, water in the periphery river of the sinking land in coalmining areas Qi Xu sinking lands in coalmining areas, discharge under coal-mining subsidence domain tyeory
It is zero；
If Qf-Qr≤Vy-Vmin-Qu, then Qo=Qf-Qr；
If Qf-Qr>Vy-Vmin-Qu, then Qo=Vy-Vmin-Qu；
Wherein, VminRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas minimum capacity of a reservoir amount, unit：Ten thousand m3；QoRepresent discharge under the sinking land in coalmining areas, unit ten thousand
m3；
C. when the sinking land in coalmining areas is supplied water to be adjusted：
Work as qr≤qfWhen,
If Vy-Vmin-Qmu>=0, then Q=Qmu；
If Vy-Vmin-Qmu<0, then Q=Vy-Vmin；
Work as qr>qfWhen,
If Qr-Qf≥Qmu, then Q=Qmu；
If Qr-Qf<Qmu, then work as Qr-Qf+Vy-Vmin≥QmuWhen, Q=Qmu；Work as Qr-Qf+Vy-Vmin<QmuWhen, Q=Qr-Qf+
Vy-Vmin；
Wherein, QmuRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas same day maximum water consumption, ten thousand m of unit3；Q represents sinking land in coalmining areas output, single
Ten thousand m of position3；
D. when sinking land in coalmining areas storage capacity is adjusted to be changed：
Work as qr≤qfWhen, if Vy-Vmin-Qo≥Qmu, then V=Vy-Qmu-Qo；If Vy-Vmin-Qo<Qmu, then V=Vmin；
Work as qr>qfWhen, if Qr-Qf-QuWhen >=0, work as Qr-Qf-Qu≥Vmax-VyWhen, then V=Vmax；Work as Qr-Qf-Qu<Vmax-Vy
When, then V=Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu；
Work as qr>qfWhen, if Qr-Qf-Qu<When 0, work as Qr-Qf+Vy-Vmin-QuWhen >=0, then V=Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu, work as Qr-Qf+
Vy-Vmin-Qu<When 0, then V=Vmin；
By above-mentioned a, after the calculating of tetra- modules of b, c, d, under the river course after the sinking land in coalmining areas is regulated and stored, discharge is as follows：
Qre=Qr-Qu-(Vt-Vy)
Wherein, QreRepresent discharge under river course, ten thousand m of unit3；V represents the instant storage capacity in the sinking land in coalmining areas, ten thousand m of unit3。
Based on water level scheduling, Flow-rate adjustment and river course buckling factor, Subsidence Area is drawn drainaging scheme and should surround three aspects
Studied：1st, difference is drawn storage path, difference and draws water storage level, difference and draw ejectment engineering scheme and ratio under storage flow and selects system
Research；2nd, according to lake morphological analyses and mine-region-rain, hydrogeologic condition carry out Subsidence Area regulate and store characteristic level of water research；3rd, adopt
Coal Subsidence Area in varying level year, different depression scale, available water research can be drawn under the different frequency time.
The formulation of drainaging scheme is drawn by Subsidence Area, can set up " storage lets out that proper, rich withered adjustment, multi-source be complementary, regulation and control from
Network of rivers system such as ", also has far-reaching positive effect to strengthening unified management of water resources, scientific dispatch.
Draw drainaging scheme case in Subsidence Area：
1st, sinking land in coalmining areas river water level condition ratio choosing analysis nearby：
A rises in river a provinces, imports y lakes, be the water transferring canal of two province of a, b after saving into b.
B rivers are hand excavations, and the A rivers cut behind source start to import y lakes from B rivers A rivers intake gate.
A rivers catchment area is 1195.2km2, A rivers intake gate, Z1 locks, Z2 locks, 2,100,000 m of gross reservoir capacity are had thereon3。
C rivers original is a big tributary in D rivers, area 273.6km2.After source is cut in D rivers, C rivers also become D rivers by a fluid stream channel
Upstream, be now referred to as D rivers.
At present, the river course near certain sinking land in coalmining areas 1 is A rivers and C rivers.A rivers Z2 lock normal pool levels 23.5m, C rivers Z3 locks
Normal pool level 22.0m.
2nd, sinking land in coalmining areas discharge of river condition ratio choosing analysis nearby：
Z2 locks are built in 1958, the long 15m of lock, 7 holes, 600,000 m3 of reservoir storage, design discharge 180m3/ s, flood discharge flow
1258m3/s。
As C rivers are inland rivers, river course is narrower, and scale is less, the long 11m of C rivers Z3 locks, 5 holes, 400,000 m of reservoir storage3, design stream
Amount 120m3/ s, flood discharge flow 968m3/s。
1. different water levels of table, flow-rate ratio select analytical table
3rd, sinking land in coalmining areas river course buckling factor condition ratio choosing analysis nearby：
2. river course buckling factor of table is than choosing
| River course | Length (km) | Buckling factor |
| A rivers | 27.38 | 0.971 |
| C rivers | 7.01 | 0.965 |
4th, the sinking land in coalmining areas condition of river course water-break nearby is than choosing analysis：
Z2 lock normal pool levels 23.5m, it is consistent with 1 normal pool level elevation of the sinking land in coalmining areas, Z2 lock liftings can be passed through
Water level realizes the gravity flow moisturizing of the sinking land in coalmining areas 1；Z3 lock normal pool levels 22m, less than Subsidence Area normal pool level elevation 1.5m, no
Beneficial to gravity flow water-retention and draining.Accordingly, it would be desirable to be the newly-built exit sluice of Z3 locks one, design discharge is 10m3/s。
It is comprehensive more much longer than C river than selecting certain 1 periphery A river channel length of the sinking land in coalmining areas, also than C river facies to complications, but
It is that C stream stages are less than Subsidence Area normal pool level, needs pumping plant water lift.Pad deeply shallow, earth excavation, excavate open channel, retreat from digging
The aspects such as water culvert gate draw A rivers as the Subsidence Area ejectment than choosing after adding the composite factors such as water level, flow, buckling factor
River course is optimum selection.The sinking land in coalmining areas 1 is realized for scientific, the safe guarantee that can arrange of drawing of flood season water, it is full
Foot is using 1 emerging water conservancy of the sinking land in coalmining areas except the target of water damage.
Sinking land in coalmining areas mock-up 5 includes model spill box 6, model cootrol valve 7, model baffle wall style 8, model river course
9, model Subsidence Area 10, model intake 11, mold cycle water tank 12 and model cootrol lock 13.
Model spill box 6 and model river course 9 are located at the top of model Subsidence Area 10, and model spill box 6 passes through two
Model baffle wall style 8 is connected with model river course 9, and the outlet in model river course 9 is located above the water inlet of model Subsidence Area 10, mould
Model intake 11 is provided with the side wall of type Subsidence Area 10, between model spill box 6 and model baffle wall style 8, model is provided with
Control valve 7, is provided with model cootrol lock 13 between model baffle wall style 8 and model river course 9；Above-mentioned part may be contained within mold cycle
In water tank 12, circulating for water is realized by pump.
The present invention is in the depression area in following time, depression depth, depression storage capacity and characteristic level of water, the base of ejectment condition
On plinth, the data such as historical flood, rainfall measure feature to 1 region of the sinking land in coalmining areas, typical storm flood process are carried out point
Analysis, based on reservoir routing model, sets up sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention mathematical model.By sinking land in coalmining areas mock-up
5th, parameter calibration, model correction, respectively simulate the sinking land in coalmining areas 1 under the year two thousand twenty, the depression storage capacity of the year two thousand thirty, the sinking land in coalmining areas
The effect of regulating and storing of the flood 5,10,20,50 years of 1 pair of sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river 2 met, and by water conservation amount and reduction
Flood peak value is exported with sequencing, reaches the target for quantifying the achievement.
The present invention realizes that one kind is retained to Flood using the sinking land in coalmining areas 1, so as to reach the effect of flood storage flood detention
The method of fruit.The remote sensing that gathers, measured data are processed and analyzed using instruments such as GIS, Quick Bird, ENVI, point
It is other that the depression area of the sinking land in coalmining areas 1, depression depth under the following time are made a prediction；Sink with mining with reference to the sinking land in coalmining areas 1
The position relationship in sunken area's periphery river 2, formulates the characteristic level of water 4 and ejectment scheme of the sinking land in coalmining areas 1；Meteorological model data is entered
Row analysis, based on principle of water balance, sets up 1 flood storage flood detention mathematical model of the sinking land in coalmining areas, simulates coal mining respectively with model heavy
The effect regulated and stored to the flood of different frequency under following different year by sunken area 1, and the effect is quantified.Both it is right to have met
The regeneration of waste resource, realizes again and to the scheduling of the science and system of flood and will retain in future.
The present embodiment and set up mathematical model be real work in using the sinking land in coalmining areas realize retaining for flood is carried
Case is supplied and easily solution route.Avoid various field inspection experiment long-times, carry out on a large scale, make research mine
Subsidence Area becomes a quantification achievement for the effect of regulating and storing of flood, saves working time and cost, reduces research difficult
Degree.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of quantitative approach of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S01, based on the present situation of the sinking land in coalmining areas, the distribution, mining progress and structure from coal seam is started with, based on Knothe time letters
Number, predicts the Dynamic Subsidence contour of the sinking land in coalmining areas using probability integration process；
S02, respectively obtains the area and depth of the sinking land in coalmining areas using GIS, ENVI and Quick Bird, coordinates the dynamic of prediction
Equivalent curve, predicts depression area, depression depth and the depression storage capacity of the sinking land in coalmining areas under the following time；
The sinking land in coalmining areas is considered as " Shallow Reservoirs " by S03, considers impact of the periphery river to its waterlogging prevention, research
Determine that drainaging scheme is drawn in characteristic level of water and Subsidence Area；
S04, based on the analysis to sinking land in coalmining areas region meteorological model data, sets up sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention mathematics
Model；
Simulated using flood storage flood detention mathematical model, when the river of sinking land in coalmining areas periphery faces the flood of different frequency, passed through
The sinking land in coalmining areas is regulated and stored, and flood discharge is retained, flood peak value is cut in；By flood storage flood detention effect amount of the sinking land in coalmining areas to flood
Dissolve and.
2. the quantitative approach of a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Utilize
GIS, with high-resolution digital complex demodulation as basic document, using the calculating instrument in GIS, calculates following each year
The DEM numerical value of part sinking land in coalmining areas；Reapply the function prediction instrument in GIS and calculate following depression face in the sinking land in coalmining areas
Product；
Manually layouted using Quick Bird remotely-sensed datas and in the sinking land in coalmining areas parameter of acquisition, choose inverting because
Son, sets up RS Fathoming inverse model through regression analyses, so as to be calculated the depression depth of water；The dynamic obtained in coordinating S01
The sinking of equivalent curve and all directions obtained by Dynamic Subsidence contour, calculates the depression depth in following time
Degree；
The depression storage capacity of different times is different；The depression area and coal-mining subsidence of the different times predicted by the sinking land in coalmining areas
The depression depth in the corresponding period of area's prediction is multiplied and obtains the depression storage capacity of different times；
It is flat based on Chinese Academy of Sciences's geographical spatial data information system platform and NASA Earth Explorer data information systems
Platform, chooses the sinking land in coalmining areas TM and ETM+ Remote Sensing Digital Image data for many years, by data through geometric correction, data mark
Fixed, atmospheric correction and image cutting-out pretreatment and analysis, and long film sequence data is divided into into several typical years, utilize
The topography and geomorphology and scope of the sinking land in coalmining areas are extracted by ENVI instruments, represent sinking land in coalmining areas Subsidence Range visual and clearly
Historical evolution.
3. the quantitative approach of a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Characteristic level of water includes top water level when top water level, non-flood period during flood season, normal pool level, eco-grounderwater level and Xing Li water-retentions
Position.
4. the quantitative approach of a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Subsidence Area ejectment water schemes synthesis water level scheduling, Flow-rate adjustment and river course buckling factor.
5. the quantitative approach of a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas flood storage flood detention effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The content of flood storage flood detention mathematical model is as follows：
Qr=qr·t0
Wherein, QrRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river natural water magnanimity, unit：Ten thousand m3；qrRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas periphery river
Stream natural water flow, unit：m3/s；t0Represent time step, t0=24h=86400s；
A. when sinking land in coalmining areas water-retention：
Work as qr≤qfWhen, water in the periphery river of the sinking land in coalmining areas Bu Qixu sinking lands in coalmining areas, under coal-mining subsidence domain tyeory, discharge is not
It is zero；
If Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu>VmaxWhen, then Vt=Vmax-Vy；
If Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu≤VmaxWhen, then Vt=Qr-Qf-Qu；
Wherein, VtRepresent same day sinking land in coalmining areas reservoir storage, unit：Ten thousand m3；VySinking land in coalmining areas reservoir storage on the one is represented, it is single
Position：Ten thousand m3；VmaxRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas Peak sink, unit：Ten thousand m3；QfRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas periphery River Flood flood limit
Water level correspondence natural water magnanimity, unit：Ten thousand m3；QuRepresent the sinking land in coalmining areas and work as daily water consumption, unit：Ten thousand m3；qfRepresent and mine
Subsidence Area periphery River Flood flood season limit level correspondence natural water flow, unit：m3/s；
B. when letting out under coal-mining subsidence domain tyeory：
Work as qr>qfWhen, water in the periphery river of the sinking land in coalmining areas Qi Xu sinking lands in coalmining areas, under coal-mining subsidence domain tyeory, discharge is zero；
If Qf-Qr≤Vy-Vmin-Qu, then Qo=Qf-Qr；
If Qf-Qr>Vy-Vmin-Qu, then Qo=Vy-Vmin-Qu；
Wherein, VminRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas minimum capacity of a reservoir amount, unit：Ten thousand m3；QoRepresent discharge under the sinking land in coalmining areas, ten thousand m of unit3；
C. when the sinking land in coalmining areas is supplied water to be adjusted：
Work as qr≤qfWhen,
If Vy-Vmin-Qmu>=0, then Q=Qmu；
If Vy-Vmin-Qmu<0, then Q=Vy-Vmin；
Work as qr>qfWhen,
If Qr-Qf≥Qmu, then Q=Qmu；
If Qr-Qf<Qmu, then work as Qr-Qf+Vy-Vmin≥QmuWhen, Q=Qmu；Work as Qr-Qf+Vy-Vmin<QmuWhen, Q=Qr-Qf+Vy-Vmin；
Wherein, QmuRepresent sinking land in coalmining areas same day maximum water consumption, ten thousand m of unit3；Q represents sinking land in coalmining areas output, unit ten thousand
m3；
D. when sinking land in coalmining areas storage capacity is adjusted to be changed：
Work as qr≤qfWhen, if Vy-Vmin-Qo≥Qmu, then V=Vy-Qmu-Qo；If Vy-Vmin-Qo<Qmu, then V=Vmin；
Work as qr>qfWhen, if Qr-Qf-QuWhen >=0, work as Qr-Qf-Qu≥Vmax-VyWhen, then V=Vmax；Work as Qr-Qf-Qu<Vmax-VyWhen, then
V=Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu；
Work as qr>qfWhen, if Qr-Qf-Qu<When 0, work as Qr-Qf+Vy-Vmin-QuWhen >=0, then V=Vy+Qr-Qf-Qu, work as Qr-Qf+Vy-
Vmin-Qu<When 0, then V=Vmin；
By above-mentioned a, after the calculating of tetra- modules of b, c, d, under the river course after the sinking land in coalmining areas is regulated and stored, discharge is as follows：
Qre=Qr-Qu-(Vt-Vy)
Wherein, QreRepresent discharge under river course, ten thousand m of unit3；V represents the instant storage capacity in the sinking land in coalmining areas, ten thousand m of unit3。
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Application publication date: 20170329 |