CN106526514B - Magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression accelerated reconstruction method - Google Patents
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000013144 data compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002595 magnetic resonance imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/4818—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression accelerated reconstruction methods, it include: that the MR data for the different acquisition coordinate that multiple excitation sequence acquires is aligned under identical k-space coordinate, the image echo-signal and navigator echo signal to the acquisition of multiple excitation sequence arrange simultaneously；According to the data scale after preset compression, condensation matrix is calculated using the k-space data of two dimensional navigation echo-signal；It to image echo data and navigation signal data while being compressed using obtained condensation matrix.The present invention has the advantage that the diffusion imaging data of excitation sequence acquisition multiple for magnetic resonance carry out reordering operations, the integration data that repeatedly excitation acquisition and multi-channel coil collect, " excitation-coil " dimension of construction data is compressed, and data scale is effectively reduced；Effective acceleration is provided for subsequent magnetic resonance reconstruction algorithm, while reducing EMS memory occupation；Efficiently accelerate to reduce picture noise while calculating, guarantees picture quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of magnetic resonance, in particular to a magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression and acceleration reconstruction method.
Background
Parallel imaging techniques based on multi-channel coil acquisition have become one of the most efficient and dominant techniques in the field of magnetic resonance in recent years. The parallel imaging technology has the effect of effectively reducing the acquisition time of magnetic resonance imaging, thereby promoting the development and clinical application of the magnetic resonance technology. With the development of parallel imaging technology, multi-coil array design has also become an engineering door for magnetic resonance research. On the premise of reasonable design, the more the number of the coil array channels is, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio can be provided, and the larger the acquisition acceleration multiple of the parallel imaging technology can be. However, acquisition with multi-channel coils increases the amount of data, increases reconstruction time, and occupies more data storage space. These problems are particularly prominent in techniques such as three-dimensional dynamic imaging and magnetic resonance diffusion imaging. In order to solve the problems of long calculation time and the like caused by multi-channel acquisition, a multi-coil acquisition data compression technology is proposed in recent years. The theoretical basis of the technology is that the multi-channel coil data has higher redundancy, and the redundant data can be reduced under the conditions of ensuring that effective data is reserved, reducing the loss of signal-to-noise ratio and not destroying the subsequent reconstruction process, so that the reconstruction calculation speed is accelerated, and the data occupation space is reduced.
In magnetic resonance diffusion imaging, in order to obtain a high-resolution magnetic resonance diffusion image and reduce the geometric deformation of the image, a magnetic resonance sequence acquisition technology using multiple excitations is required. The multiple excitation sequence acquisition can excite the image for multiple times, part of data is acquired through each excitation, and finally the high-resolution diffusion image is obtained through a specific integrated reconstruction algorithm. For data acquired by a multi-excitation sequence, multi-coil data of multi-excitation needs to be used for reconstruction, and the data scale can be further enlarged due to more excitation times. Under the condition, even if the traditional coil compression technology is used for compressing multi-coil data, the problems of larger data volume, long calculation time, large memory occupation and the like still can be caused by more excitation times, and the application of the high-resolution magnetic resonance diffusion imaging technology in clinic and scientific research work is hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the above problems.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression and accelerated reconstruction method, which reduces the time and memory occupation required by reconstruction.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression accelerated reconstruction method, which includes the following steps: s1: arranging magnetic resonance data of different acquisition coordinates acquired by a multi-time excitation sequence under the same k space coordinate, and simultaneously arranging image echo signals and navigation echo signals; s2: calculating by using k-space data of the two-dimensional navigation echo signal according to a preset compressed data scale to obtain a compression matrix; s3: and simultaneously compressing the image echo data and the navigation signal data by using the obtained compression matrix.
According to the magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression and accelerated reconstruction method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the diffusion imaging data acquired by magnetic resonance multiple excitation is rearranged, the data acquired by multiple excitation acquisition and multi-channel coil acquisition are integrated, and the dimension of 'excitation-coil' is constructed for compression, so that the data scale is effectively reduced; effective acceleration is provided for a subsequent magnetic resonance reconstruction algorithm, and memory occupation is reduced; and the image noise is reduced while the high-efficiency acceleration is realized, and the image quality is ensured.
In addition, the compressed and accelerated reconstruction method for magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
furthermore, when the plane echo sequence is arranged by multiple times, different coordinate data acquired by different times of excitation move by corresponding phase coding steps in the k space phase coding direction, so that the data acquired by different times of excitation have the same k space sampling coordinate.
Further, in step S2, the compression matrix is obtained by the following formula:
s.t. AAH＝I
wherein,is to rebin the k-space data of the two-dimensional navigation signal,to compress the matrix, NvThe number of channel coils of the image data is N for the preset data size after compressioncMultiple excitation times of Ns. After data rearrangement, an "excitation-coil" dimension is constructed that integrates multiple excitation and multi-channel coil data, i.e., the dimension is Ne＝Nc×NsOf the same sample coordinates.
Further, data compression is performed on the multi-excitation multi-coil data by using the compression matrix according to the following formula:
d'(k)＝Ad(k)
wherein,is the data after compression. Here, theImage signal data and navigation signal data subjected to k-space rearrangement are included.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a diffusion imaging multi-shot echo planar sequence with two-dimensional navigator signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of multiple firing data compressibility analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a compressed and accelerated reconstruction method for magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a data compression algorithm for multiple excitation-multi-channel coil acquisition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of compression algorithm error analysis according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
These and other aspects of embodiments of the invention will be apparent with reference to the following description and attached drawings. In the description and drawings, particular embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in detail as being indicative of some of the ways in which the principles of the embodiments of the invention may be practiced, but it is understood that the scope of the embodiments of the invention is not limited correspondingly. On the contrary, the embodiments of the invention include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
Before introducing the magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression accelerated reconstruction method of the embodiment of the invention, the compressibility of the data acquired by a plurality of excitation sequences is firstly analyzed.
There are various multi-shot acquisition sequences, including a multi-shot echo planar imaging (MS-EPI), a multi-shot helical (spiral) acquisition sequence, and the like. The invention takes a multi-excitation plane echo sequence which is commonly used in magnetic resonance scanning as an example, and combines a magnetic resonance diffusion imaging technology to carry out compressibility analysis of multi-excitation data and elucidation of a subsequent calculation flow.
The multiple-time excitation plane echo sequence applied to the magnetic resonance diffusion imaging mainly comprises three parts: magnetic resonance diffusion gradient, image echo signal acquisition and two-dimensional navigation signal acquisition. The magnetic resonance diffusion gradient of the first part is used for diffusion coding of the image, and diffusion weighted contrast of the image is obtained and is a necessary part in all magnetic resonance diffusion imaging. The image echo acquisition sequence of the second part acquires a part of magnetic resonance image data, namely k-space (k-space is magnetic resonance acquisition data space) part of data, and the acquisition mode can effectively improve the resolution of the image and reduce artifacts caused by geometric deformation. The acquisition of the three-dimensional navigation signal of the third part follows the acquisition of the image signal, and forms a second echo in the same excitation through a 180-degree pulse, wherein the navigation signal only acquires the low-frequency part of the image signal for subsequent image reconstruction, motion correction and data compression. A schematic diagram of a multi-shot echo planar sequence is shown in figure 1.
Through multi-channel coil acquisition, the multi-coil and multi-excitation image and navigation signal data can be obtained through the multi-excitation sequence. The technology integrates data acquired by multiple excitation channels to construct a new data dimension, namely an excitation-coil dimension, and compresses the data so as to effectively reduce the data volume. Compressibility of data acquired by a magnetic resonance multi-channel coil has been proven and accepted, but compressibility of multiple excitation data among different excitation data has not been verified, so we firstly analyze compressibility of the multiple excitation data. The analysis method is to perform Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) on the data acquired by multiple excitations, and analyze the distribution of singular values by the SVD. One example is SVD for data from 8 shots, resulting in 8 singular values, as shown in FIG. 2. The sum of the first 5 singular values is more than 90% of the sum of all singular values, which proves that the multi-excitation data has higher redundancy, namely better compressibility and can be compressed.
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a generalized text algorithm of a magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression accelerated reconstruction method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention, which more vividly illustrates a data compression related process. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in fig. 4, taking two times of excitation acquisition as an example, black dots represent acquired data, transparent dots represent non-acquired data, data rearrangement is performed first to obtain k-space data with the same coordinate, data integrating multiple times of excitation of the multi-channel coil is constructed, after compression matrix calculation is performed by using navigation signals, data compression is performed on rearranged data, and finally, the data obtained through compression can be subjected to a subsequent reconstruction process.
The magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression accelerated reconstruction method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging magnetic resonance data of different acquisition coordinates acquired by a multi-time excitation sequence under the same k space coordinate, and simultaneously arranging image echo signals and navigation echo signals;
specifically, the compressed magnetic resonance data needs to have the same acquisition coordinates, otherwise the coordinates of the compressed data are disordered, and therefore, the magnetic resonance data with different coordinates excited for multiple times needs to be rearranged to be arranged under the same k-space sampling coordinates before being compressed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the echo planar sequences are arranged by multiple excitations, different coordinate data acquired by different excitations are shifted by corresponding phase encoding steps in the k-space phase encoding direction, so that the data acquired by different excitations have the same k-space sampling coordinates. The rearrangement operation needs to be carried out on the image echo and the navigation echo signal at the same time, so that the data correspondence between the two signals is ensured. Assume that the number of channel coils of image data is NcMultiple excitation times of NsAfter data rearrangement, the number N is obtainede＝Nc×NsOf the same sample coordinates.
S2: and according to the preset data scale after compression, calculating by using k-space data of the two-dimensional navigation echo signal to obtain a compression matrix.
In one embodiment of the invention, the compression matrix is obtained by the following formula:
s.t. AAH＝I
wherein,is k-space data of a two-dimensional navigation signal,to compress the matrix, NvIs a preset number of data dimensions after compression, usually much less than Ne. The required compression matrix can be obtained by solving the optimization function. The problem of optimization can be solved by directly adopting singular value decomposition on the rearranged data to obtain a corresponding compression matrix.
S3: and simultaneously compressing the image echo data and the navigation signal data by using the obtained compression matrix.
Specifically, after the compression matrix a is obtained by two-dimensional navigation signal calculation, the compression matrix a is used for data compression:
d'(k)＝Ad(k)
the data after compression is called a virtual coil (virtual coil). The compression process needs to be performed on the image echo data and the navigation signal data at the same time to ensure the correctness of the subsequent reconstruction process. The amount of data after compression will be greatly reduced. In one example of the invention: the dimension number of multi-coil data acquired by a 32-channel coil, which is obtained by exciting a planar echo sequence for 8 times, which is excited for multiple times when uncompressed is 256, can be reduced to 12-16 after compression, the error is guaranteed to be within 3%, and image noise is effectively reduced. The subsequent reconstructed image and compression error analysis of this example is shown in fig. 5. The compression algorithm can accelerate the image reconstruction time by more than 100 times without reducing the image quality (the calculation time for the tested reconstruction algorithm is determined by the following reconstruction algorithm1 hour to 30s) and effectively reduces memory usage. In testing, the computation time of the compression algorithm was primarily the time to compute the compression matrix using singular value decomposition, typically within 5 seconds.
In addition, other configurations and functions of the magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression and accelerated reconstruction method according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art, and are not described in detail for reducing redundancy.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data compression acceleration reconstruction method comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging magnetic resonance data of different acquisition coordinates acquired by a multi-time excitation sequence under the same k space coordinate, and simultaneously arranging image echo signals and navigation echo signals;
s2: according to the preset data scale after compression, calculating by using k-space data of a two-dimensional navigation echo signal to obtain a compression matrix, and obtaining the compression matrix by the following formula:
s.t.AAH＝I
wherein,is to rebin the k-space data of the two-dimensional navigation signal,to compress the matrix, NvThe number of channel coils of the image data is N for the preset data size after compressioncThe number of excitation times of the multiple excitation is NsAfter data rearrangement, an "excitation-coil" dimension is constructed that integrates multiple excitations and multi-channel data, i.e., the dimension is Ne＝Nc×NsK-space data of the same sampling coordinates;
s3: and simultaneously compressing the image echo data and the navigation echo signal data by using the obtained compression matrix.
2. The compressed and accelerated reconstruction method of magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data according to claim 1, wherein when the echo planar sequences of multiple excitations are arranged, different coordinate data acquired by different excitations are shifted by corresponding phase encoding steps in the k-space phase encoding direction, so that the data acquired by different excitations have the same k-space sampling coordinates.
3. The compressed and accelerated reconstruction method of magnetic resonance diffusion imaging data according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed matrix is used to compress the data of multiple excitation multi-coil according to the following formula:
d'(k)＝Ad(k)
wherein,to pressPost-compressed data, hereImage signal data and navigation signal data subjected to k-space rearrangement are included.
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