CN106524935B - A kind of method of the round trip MZ structure measurement strain of welding long-period fiber grating - Google Patents
A kind of method of the round trip MZ structure measurement strain of welding long-period fiber grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN106524935B CN106524935B CN201610887109.0A CN201610887109A CN106524935B CN 106524935 B CN106524935 B CN 106524935B CN 201610887109 A CN201610887109 A CN 201610887109A CN 106524935 B CN106524935 B CN 106524935B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/161—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by interferometric means
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods of the round trip MZ structure measurement of welding long-period fiber grating strain, the strain measurement method includes the following steps: a, overlap joint round trip MZ structure, and the round trip MZ structure includes light source, the first photo-coupler, the second photo-coupler and the first optical fiber, the second optical fiber, third optical fiber and the 4th optical fiber；B, long-period fiber grating is fused in the round trip MZ structure, wherein the optical fiber both ends of long-period fiber grating will be carved with respectively with third optical fiber and the 4th fused fiber splice, the long-period fiber grating constitutes the reflection end of round trip MZ structure；C, the round trip MZ structure overall structure of b welding long-period fiber grating is placed in incubator, changes the strain of temperature control box, it is mobile using spectrometer monitoring wavelength；D, the relation curve for drawing wavelength and strain variation, measures the strain of strain gauge material to be measured using the relation curve.The present invention can be effectively reduced the width of transmission peaks, improve the accuracy of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber measurement, in particular to the round trip MZ structure of a kind of welding long-period fiber grating
The method for measuring strain.
Background technique
Fiber grating is in the research of optical fiber laser and sensory field of optic fibre and using extremely important, screen periods tens
It is known as long-period fiber grating (Long period fiber grating, LPFG), feature to several hundred microns of fiber gratings
It is to be coupled between the fibre core basic mode of symport and cladding mode, substantially without back reflected laser, belongs to transmission-type bandstop filter.With
Fiber bragg grating compares (Fiber Bragg grating, FBG), and the resonance wavelength and resonance of long-period fiber grating are strong
Degree is very sensitive to the variation of external environment, has bigger ga(u)ge factor；Meanwhile in optical fiber laser field, benefit
Transmission spectral peak can be tuned with its sensitivity characteristic, it is defeated to can be realized the changeable laser of wavelength as tunable optic filter
Out.Therefore, long-period fiber grating has the advantages that more, latent with bigger development in Fibre Optical Sensor and optical-fiber laser field
Power and application prospect.
Compared to the traditional preparation methods of long-period fiber grating described above, using femtosecond laser light source, using by
Point carving and writing method make in various optical fiber Bragg grating be used for the research in the fields such as Fibre Optical Sensor and optical-fiber laser at
For hot spot.Femtosecond laser processing technology has processing essence height, easy to operate, high-efficient technology in conventional laser processing technology
Feature, but the superpower peak power of the ultrashort pulsewidth and Pa Wa magnitude by its femtosecond magnitude is in the high-precision of optical fiber micro-nano material
Its unique advantage is shown in the processing of close, high-resolution and low damage.Femtosecond laser prepares fiber grating and is mainly at present
Mask means, mask means, which refers to, is placed in mask plate above optical fiber, uses femtosecond laser irradiation operation wavelength for the mask of 800nm
Plate makes fiber core that variations in refractive index occur.Although this method is preferable at grid consistency, due to mask plate higher cost,
And preparation long-period fiber grating flexibility is poor.In addition, long-period fiber grating transmission spectrum is wider, it is easy in actual measurement
It is influenced by environmental change, is easy to cause error to the accuracy of strain measurement.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of width that transmission spectrum is effectively reduced, and improve the welding long period optical fiber light of the accuracy of measurement
The method of the round trip MZ structure measurement strain of grid.
Summary of the invention
One aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of round trip MZ structure measurement strain of welding long-period fiber grating
Method, the strain measurement method include the following steps:
A, overlap round trip MZ structure, the round trip MZ structure include light source, the first photo-coupler, the second photo-coupler and
First optical fiber, the second optical fiber, third optical fiber and the 4th optical fiber；Wherein
First optical fiber and the second fused fiber splice are between first photo-coupler and the second photo-coupler, and described
One end of three optical fiber and the 4th optical fiber is connect with the second photo-coupler；
B, long-period fiber grating is fused in the round trip MZ structure, wherein the optical fiber both ends of long-period fiber grating
Respectively with third optical fiber and the 4th fused fiber splice, the long-period fiber grating constitutes the reflection end of round trip MZ structure, wherein
The SMF-28E optical fiber that third optical fiber and the 4th fiber selection core diameter are 10/125 micron；
C, by the side of welding long-period fiber grating in the round trip MZ structure of step b welding long-period fiber grating with answer
Become material to fit, gradually change the strain size of strain gauge material, the trough for choosing long-period fiber grating is sampled point, is utilized
It is mobile that spectrometer monitors wavelength；
D, the mobile relation curve for drawing wavelength and strain variation of the wavelength monitored using step c, utilizes the relationship
Curve measures the material strain of strain to be measured.
Preferably, the long-period fiber grating is prepared by long-period fiber grating straight-writing system.
Preferably, the strain size for changing strain gauge material is using stretching strain gauge material, be bent or compressed
Mode.
Preferably, the long-period fiber grating is strained once quick processing.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of long-period fiber grating straight-writing system, the long period optical fiber light
Grid straight-writing system includes optical-fiber laser, wavelength division multiplexer, thulium doped fiber, single mode optical fiber, high precision mobile platform, femto-second laser
And spectrometer, the single mode optical fiber are overlapped in the high precision mobile platform, one end connects optical-fiber laser, the other end connects light
Spectrometer, in the writing area welding thin-core fibers of institute's single mode optical fiber.
Preferably, the femto-second laser is arranged above the high precision mobile platform, sends out the femto-second laser
The laser penetrated is mutually perpendicular to the thin-core fibers, and optical gate is arranged in the femto-second laser Laser emission mouth.
Preferably, the core diameter of the thin-core fibers is 10/125 micron.
Preferably, the wave band of the optical-fiber laser chooses 1500~1620nm.
The present invention is since round trip MZ structure has relatively narrow pectination spectrum density, and the transmission spectrum of long-period fiber grating is usual
Wider, the two combines, and can be effectively reduced the width of transmission spectrum, improves the accuracy of measurement.
It should be appreciated that aforementioned description substantially and subsequent detailed description are exemplary illustration and explanation, it should not
As the limitation to the claimed content of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the attached drawing of accompanying, the more purposes of the present invention, function and advantage are by the as follows of embodiment through the invention
Description is illustrated, in which:
Fig. 1 schematically shows long-period fiber grating straight-writing system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the round trip MZ structures of welding long-period fiber grating of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the flow chart of the method for the round trip MZ structure measurement strain of welding long-period fiber grating of the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows the relation curve of long-period fiber grating wavelength and strain variation of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
By reference to exemplary embodiment, the purpose of the present invention and function and the side for realizing these purposes and function
Method will be illustrated.However, the present invention is not limited to exemplary embodiment as disclosed below；Can by different form come
It is realized.The essence of specification is only to aid in those skilled in the relevant arts' Integrated Understanding detail of the invention.
Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.In the accompanying drawings, identical appended drawing reference represents identical
Or similar component or same or like step.
One embodiment of the present of invention is hereinafter illustrated, is specifically prepared first in the present embodiment and needs welding in round trip
Long-period fiber grating in MZ structure.It should be understood that round trip MZ structure described here is round trip Mach once moral structure.
Long-period fiber grating straight-writing system of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, this hair provided in the present embodiment according to the present invention
Bright long-period fiber grating straight-writing system 100 inscribes long-period fiber grating, and the long-period fiber grating straight-writing system includes
Including optical-fiber laser 101, wavelength division multiplexer 102, thulium doped fiber 104, single mode optical fiber 103, high precision mobile platform 105, femtosecond
Laser 107 and spectrometer 106, wherein
Single mode optical fiber 103 is overlapped in high precision mobile platform 105, and one end of single mode optical fiber 103 passes through wavelength division multiplexer
102 connection optical-fiber lasers 101, the other end connect spectrometer 106, in the 110 welding thin-core fibers of writing area of single mode optical fiber 103
111, femto-second laser 107 is arranged above the high precision mobile platform 105, emits the femto-second laser 107 winged
Second laser is mutually perpendicular to thin-core fibers 111, and in 108 front end of Laser emission mouth of femto-second laser 107, setting optical gate 109 is used for
Femtosecond laser optical path is adjusted, after femto-second laser 107 emits femtosecond laser and is modulated, femtosecond laser enters high-precision
Degree mobile platform 105 is inscribed on thin-core fibers 111 forms long-period fiber grating.Femto-second laser 107 can in the present embodiment
To be, the relative position of adjusting femtosecond laser and careful optical fiber 111 mobile in front, rear, left and right four direction.
Using in the above-mentioned long-period fiber grating straight-writing system scribing process of the embodiment of the present invention, single mode optical fiber 103
The other end connects spectrometer 106 and carries out real-time monitoring to the scribing process of long-period fiber grating, guarantees long-period fiber grating
The accuracy of inscription.
The core diameter of preferred thin-core fibers is 10/125 micro- in the present embodiment, and the wave band of optical-fiber laser 101 chooses 1500
~1620nm.The transmission peak wavelength for the long-period fiber grating that the present embodiment is inscribed is in 1.5 micron wavebands, the long period that will have been inscribed
Fiber grating carries out strain calibration and measurement in conjunction with round trip MZ structure.
The round trip MZ structure of welding long-period fiber grating of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, pair of welding long-period fiber grating
Journey MZ structure includes round trip MZ structure and one section long period optical fiber grating 208, and long-period fiber grating 208 here is by the present invention
It is prepared by the long-period fiber grating straight-writing system of offer, thus realization and round trip MZ setted structure welding, wherein
Round trip MZ structure include light source 201, the first photo-coupler 202, the second photo-coupler 205 and the first optical fiber 203,
Second optical fiber 204, third optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207.
First optical fiber 203 and 204 welding of the second optical fiber first photo-coupler 202 and the second photo-coupler 205 it
Between, one end of the third optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207 is connect with the second photo-coupler 205.Long-period fiber grating 208
It is fused to the round trip MZ structure that welding long-period fiber grating is constituted in the round trip MZ structure, wherein
Welding mode are as follows: the optical fiber both ends of long-period fiber grating 208 respectively with third optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207
Welding, long-period fiber grating 208 constitute the reflection end of round trip MZ structure.Third optical fiber 207 and the 4th optical fiber in the present embodiment
The SMF-28E optical fiber that 208 selection core diameters are 10/125 micron, to guarantee with core diameter to be 10/125 micro- long period
The mating welding of fiber grating.
The method of the round trip MZ structure measurement strain of welding long-period fiber grating of the present invention is by welding long period optical fiber
The round trip MZ structure of grating measures strain, and in order to more clearly illustrate, the present embodiment is illustratively of the invention to be answered
Become measurement method to be illustrated, the side of the round trip MZ structure measurement strain of welding long-period fiber grating of the present invention as shown in Figure 3
The flow chart of method, specifically, the strain measurement method includes the following steps:
Step S101, round trip MZ structure is overlapped, the round trip MZ structure includes light source 201, the first photo-coupler 202, the
Two photo-couplers 205 and the first optical fiber 203, the second optical fiber 204, third optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207；Wherein
First optical fiber 203 and 204 welding of the second optical fiber first photo-coupler 202 and the second photo-coupler 205 it
Between, one end of the third optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207 is connect with the second photo-coupler 205.
Step S102, welding long-period fiber grating 208 in round trip MZ structure, long-period fiber grating 208 is fused to
In the round trip MZ structure, wherein will be carved with the optical fiber both ends of long-period fiber grating respectively with third optical fiber 206 and the 4th light
Fine 207 weldings, make long-period fiber grating 208 constitute the reflection end of round trip MZ structure, wherein
It is 10/125 micron of SMF-28E optical fiber that third optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207, which select core diameter, to welding
Long-period fiber grating strained once quick processing.
Step S103, by welding long period optical fiber light in the round trip MZ structure of welding long-period fiber grating in step S102
The side of grid fits with strain gauge material, gradually changes the strain size of strain gauge material, chooses the trough of long-period fiber grating
It is mobile using spectrometer monitoring wavelength for sampled point.Change strain gauge material strain size using strain gauge material is stretched,
The mode of bending or compression, the present embodiment is preferably by the way of carrying out elongation strain to strain gauge material.
Step S104, the wavelength monitored using step step S103 is mobile, and the relationship for drawing wavelength and strain variation is bent
Line measures strain to be measured using the relation curve.
In order to make more clear explanation to the contents of the present invention, the principle of interference of MZ structure is done specifically below
It is bright:
Source emissioning light is that the light of I enters MZ structure by force, and wherein light intensity I meets
Wherein I1、I2WithThe light intensity and phase shift difference of fibre core and covering respectively in thin-core fibers, and
Wherein, n1And n2The respectively effective refractive index of fibre core and covering, L1And L2Respectively light beam is in fibre core and covering
The length of transmission.Due to interfere arm equal length, and there are refractive indices n, then have
By formula (1) and formula (3) it is found that the peak value in transmission spectrum occurs in the wavelength for meeting following formula, wherein m is whole
Number
2 π L Δ n/ λ=2m π (4)
By simplification, formula (4) is expressed as
M=L Δ n/ λ (5)
Carrying out derivation to λ in formula (5) can obtain
Δ m/ Δ λ=- L Δ n/ λ2 (6)
Δ m=1 is taken, the wavelength interval for obtaining the adjacent peak in af at wavelength lambda transmission spectrum is
| Δ λ |=λ2/LΔn (7)
By formula (7) it is found that the wavelength interval of adjacent peak is related with central wavelength in the comb spectrum of MZ structure.In the middle
The long timing of cardiac wave, the wavelength interval of adjacent peak is the function of thin-core fibers length and fibre core and packet index differential between layers.
The embodiment of the present invention uses round trip MZ structure, the transmission of round trip MZ on the basis of MZ constructive interference principle
Spectral modulation depth is 2 times of one way MZ, has relatively narrow pectination spectrum density.
Long-period fiber grating and round trip MZ structure welding are carried out long period light by the above-mentioned strain measurement method in implementation
Fiber grating strain calibration.In calibration process, the round trip MZ structure overall structure of welding long-period fiber grating is placed in temperature control box,
Light has the first coupler 202 to be divided into two beams by the transmitting of light source 201, respectively enters the first optical fiber 203 and the second optical fiber 204, passes through
After second coupler 205 is again broken down into two beams after being coupled two-beam, third optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber are respectively enterd
207, it is reflected later by long-period fiber grating 208.
Meanwhile gradually strain gauge material is stretched, as pulling force is to the drawing process of strain gauge material, the hair of strain gauge material
The wavelength of raw strain, long-period fiber grating is mobile to long wave direction, and the trough for choosing long-period fiber grating is sampled point, draws
Relation curve between long-period fiber grating processed and strain, long-period fiber grating wavelength of the present invention as shown in Figure 4 and strain
The relation curve of variation.When being measured to strain gauge material to be measured, it will be melted in the round trip MZ structure of welding long-period fiber grating
The side of spreading period optical fiber grating and strain gauge material to be measured are pasted, mobile by spectrometer collection wavelength, pass through the song of drafting
Line obtains the strain of strain gauge material to be measured.
Since round trip MZ structure has relatively narrow pectination spectrum density in the present invention, and the transmission spectrum of long-period fiber grating is logical
It is often wider, therefore the two is combined, it can be effectively reduced the width of transmission peaks, improve the accuracy of measurement.
In conjunction with the explanation and practice of the invention disclosed here, the other embodiment of the present invention is for those skilled in the art
It all will be readily apparent and understand.Illustrate and embodiment is regarded only as being exemplary, true scope of the invention and purport are equal
It is defined in the claims.
Claims (4)
1. the method that a kind of round trip MZ structure measurement of welding long-period fiber grating strains, which is characterized in that the strain is surveyed
Amount method includes the following steps:
A, round trip MZ structure is overlapped, the round trip MZ structure includes light source, the first photo-coupler, the second photo-coupler and first
Optical fiber, the second optical fiber, third optical fiber and the 4th optical fiber；Wherein
First optical fiber and the second fused fiber splice are between first photo-coupler and the second photo-coupler, the third light
Fine and the 4th optical fiber one end is connect with the second photo-coupler；
B, long-period fiber grating is fused in the round trip MZ structure, wherein the optical fiber both ends difference of long-period fiber grating
With third optical fiber and the 4th fused fiber splice, the long-period fiber grating constitutes the reflection end of round trip MZ structure, wherein
The SMF-28E optical fiber that third optical fiber and the 4th fiber selection core diameter are 10/125 micron；
C, by the side of the welding long-period fiber grating of the round trip MZ structure entirety of step b welding long-period fiber grating with answer
Become material to fit, gradually change the strain size of strain gauge material, the trough for choosing long-period fiber grating is sampled point, is utilized
It is mobile that spectrometer monitors wavelength；
D, the mobile relation curve for drawing wavelength and strain variation of the wavelength monitored using step c, utilizes the relation curve
The strain of strain gauge material to be measured is measured.
2. the method for measurement strain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that pass through long-period fiber grating straight-writing system
Prepare the long-period fiber grating.
3. the method for measurement strain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the strain size for changing strain gauge material
By the way of being stretched, being bent or being compressed to strain gauge material.
4. the method for measurement strain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the long-period fiber grating is answered
Become once quick processing.
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| CN107907070A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-13 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of strain measurement system based on MZ filter structure optical fiber lasers |
| CN108181023A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-19 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of fiber grating and thick cone fiber optic temperature and strain measurement system and its method |
| CN109632132A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-16 | 北京信息科技大学 | Thermometry based on FBG-FP structured optical fiber laser |
| CN112964190B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-09-09 | 长江师范学院 | Strain measurement method based on tapered long-period fiber bragg grating |
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