CN106501838B - A kind of light guide of radiation detector and preparation method thereof, radiation detector - Google Patents
A kind of light guide of radiation detector and preparation method thereof, radiation detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN106501838B CN106501838B CN201510566429.1A CN201510566429A CN106501838B CN 106501838 B CN106501838 B CN 106501838B CN 201510566429 A CN201510566429 A CN 201510566429A CN 106501838 B CN106501838 B CN 106501838B
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Abstract
The invention discloses light guides of a kind of radiation detector and preparation method thereof, radiation detector.Radiation detector of the invention, including a light guide, scintillator arrays and sensor array, wherein the light guide includes a light-transmitting plate, the light-transmitting plate upper surface S1 is light guide input terminal, the light-transmitting plate lower surface is equipped with a shape array structure, and the platform shape unit upper bottom surface S2 for constituting this shape array structure is light guide output end；The scintillator arrays are coupled with the light guide input terminal, sensor array coupling corresponding with the light guide output end.Compared with prior art, design scheme of the invention avoids the generation in dead zone, and light collection efficiency improves, while being able to ascend signal-to-noise ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear radiation detection devices, more particularly in the device scintillation detector light guide.
Background technique
The conventional method of nuclear imaging technique is the changing rule utilized physical quantity relevant to core in measured target or divides
Cloth situation obtains interior of articles information, and is handled by computer these information, rebuilds measurand internal image.
It is played based on the nuclear imaging technique of X-ray detection X in fields such as social public security, high-energy physics, biomedicines and is more and more weighed
The effect wanted.For example, as advanced medical imaging modalities, positron emission computerized tomography (Positron Emission
Tomography, PET) technology obtain the certain organs of biology or lesion in terms of have the advantages that uniqueness, because
And the early diagnosis in some diseases, pathological study, observation of curative effect and in terms of be widely applied；Radioactivity is shone
Camera (Radiation Camera) is due to having the characteristics that intuitive, lossless, high sensitivity, to some public places and special
Applications well is obtained in terms of the radiation monitoring in place.
Nuclear Detection Device is generally made of detector, electronics, display terminal.Wherein detector completes nuclear radiation to telecommunications
Number conversion, be the core component of system.
Scintillation detector is the most widely used detector of nuclear imaging apparatus, and general structure is scintillator, light guide, photoelectricity turn
Parallel operation.Scintillator realizes the conversion of ray to scintillation light, due to useful detection area and the scintillator arrays area phase of detector
It closes, the crystal array of large area is generally combined into microlite item；Photoelectric converter converts optical signals to manageable telecommunications
Number, it is expensive, generally directly proportional to area；For save the cost, cone is often added between scintillator and photoelectric converter
Shape light guide realizes detection large-area flicker body with the photoelectric converter of small area.Due to being able to maintain detection after using tapered light guides
Area and position resolution information, save the cost are used widely in nuclear imaging field at present, various light guides also by
It develops.
Existing scheme one: the patent application of application number 200510105211.2 discloses a kind of for nuclear imaging device
Scintillation detector.This is a kind of typical position sensitive ray detector, is made of scintillator, fibre-optic light guide, photomultiplier tube.
Kept apart between each scintillator item with reflectorized material in scintillator arrays, glass is used between scintillator arrays and light-detecting device
Glass fiber drawing at light cone be optically coupled.
Advantage: easy to assembly, stable structure is differed in the area of scintillator arrays with the effective area of photoelectric detector
Good effect can be obtained in the case where less, is widely applied in small-sized PET system.Disadvantage: due to cone drawing
The limitation of technique determines cone than cannot be excessive.That is, the significant surface of the area ratio light-detecting device when scintillator arrays
When product is big too many, it is necessary to which the light cone uncoupling of greater taper ratio, in this case, the light in light cone edge especially corner pass
Defeated efficiency will be more much lower than intermediate light transmissioning efficiency, will cause the scintillator in scintillator arrays edge especially corner in this way
The only less a part of the light of item can be transferred on light-detecting device, so that this partly flickering body item be made to be difficult to be resolved.Separately
Outer one the disadvantage is that, the higher cost of this light cone.
Existing scheme two: the patent application of application number 201210581442.0 discloses a kind of for radiation detector
Light guide assemblies.The light guide of the method production is the assembly that single light guide assemblies are spliced to form, and is realized the detection of multichannel
The combination of device simple concatenation.
Advantage: it realizes and is combined into big light guide with small light guide, production method is convenient for batch production.Disadvantage: adopting said method
On condition that first making light guide assemblies one by one, the method is reapplied, overall flow is still complicated, and new light guide is more single
Light guide assemblies splicing do not generate additional benefit.
Summary of the invention
For the low problem of light guide transfer efficiency existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of radiation
The radiation detector of this light guide of the light guide and application of detector.
A kind of light guide of radiation detector, it is characterized in that: upper surface is the plane S1 of one piece of entirety, and lower surface is by M*N
A isolated plane S2 and its between inverted V-shaped surface S3 composition, upper surface and inverted V-shaped top distance D1, inverted V-shaped angle is θ
(0 < θ≤120 °) are highly D2, and side is made of vertical surface S4 and inclined-plane S5.
Preparation method are as follows:
Method one:
A. light guide material therefor is processed into cuboid, lower planes area is S1, is highly D1+D2；
B. V-groove is processed in a manner of cutting or grind in a face S1 of cuboid；
C. inclined-plane S5 is processed in a manner of cutting or grind；
Method two:
Use model integral cast.
Upper plane S1 coupled scintillation volume array, lower flat surfaces couple the discontinuous photoelectric converter array in sensitive volume, group
At location-sensitive scintillation detector；
The top of inverted V-shaped angle can be acute angle, fillet or the straight angle according to production technology difference；
Detector can be used as core detector for positron emission computerized tomography or ray imagers；
Photoelectric converter is silicon photomultiplier.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of light guide of radiation detector, which is characterized in that including a light-transmitting plate, which is light
Input terminal is led, which is equipped with a shape array structure, constitutes bottom on the platform shape unit of this shape array structure
Face S2 is light guide output end.
The angle formed between the side or side extended surface of adjacent described shape unit is θ；Wherein 0 < θ≤120 °.
The angle formed between the side of all adjacent described shape units is θ；Or in described shape array structure
Do not go together or the side of the adjacent described shape unit of different lines between the angle that is formed it is different.
The angle formed between the side of the adjacent described shape unit of outmost turns in described shape array structure is θ1, remaining
The angle formed between the side of adjacent described shape unit is θ2, wherein θ1<θ2。
The light-transmitting plate with a thickness of D1, the height of described shape unit is D2, wherein 0 < D1≤a,A is the cross section bottom side length of described shape unit, and b is the cross section upper bottom edge of described shape unit
It is long.
Described shape unit is positive truncated rectangular pyramids or rectangle truncated rectangular pyramids or rotary table；Gao Fanguang is applied in the side of described shape unit
Material.
A kind of light guide preparation method of radiation detector, the steps include:
1) light guide material therefor is processed into cuboid；The cuboid height is D1+D2；
2) two groups are processed in a bottom surface of the cuboid and is mutually perpendicular to the V-groove being distributed, depth is D2；
3) the height D2 lateral parts for being prepared with V-groove to the cuboid process inclined-plane S5, to obtain in the bottom surface
The one platform shape array structure being made of multiple shape units.
A kind of light guide preparation method of radiation detector the steps include: that preparing one first corresponds to the guide structure
Then casting die prepares light guide using the casting die.
A kind of radiation detector, which is characterized in that including a light guide, scintillator arrays and sensor array, wherein described
Light guide includes a light-transmitting plate, which is light guide input terminal, which is equipped with a shape
Array structure, the platform shape unit upper bottom surface S2 for constituting this shape array structure is light guide output end；The scintillator arrays with should
The coupling of light guide input terminal, sensor array coupling corresponding with the light guide output end.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1) detector is without detection dead zone.
The general structure of photoelectric converter (such as photomultiplier tube, photodiode, silicon photomultiplier) is such as figure
1, (black is sensitive volume) shown in 2, sensitive area is C1, around there is dead band caused by encapsulation, is directly combined into large area spy
Joining place has dead zone (dead band) when surveying device, when scintillator is placed directly in above dead zone, the light of this scintillator sending
Total loss；Solution is made first is that sheet glass is added between crystal array and photoelectric converter and plays light splitting as light guide
With the scintillation light that the crystal right above such dead zone issues can be received by the photoelectric converter at both ends, but impinge upon the light in dead zone
Still it has lost.
Design scheme of the invention avoids the generation in dead zone, and light collection efficiency improves, and promotes signal-to-noise ratio；
(2) Weight algorithm is combined to realize high position resolution, resolution ratio can be less than light guide size, be less than photoelectric converter ruler
It is very little；
The light that crystal array pixel can be made small, as shown in Figure 5 distributes so that even if the light that the crystal of very little issues
It can be detected, and position is calculated, so that final position resolution ratio is no longer limited by photoelectric converter size；
(3) light guide thickness is relatively thin, reduces propagation time of the light in light guide, guarantees detector time performance；
(4) the sensitive area ratio scintillator arrays area of actual photoelectric converter is small, saves photoelectric converter cost；
(5) material uses quartz glass, K9 glass, organic glass or other transparent materials, and opposed optical fibers light guide cost is big
Width reduces；
(6) it is convenient for mechanization production, processing cost is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is photoelectric converter structure principle chart；
Fig. 2 is conventional detectors structure principle chart；
Fig. 3 is guide structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
(a) sectional view, (b) three-dimensional structure diagram, (c) top view；
Fig. 4 is sensor array schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is panel detector structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment does into one the present invention
The detailed description of step.
A kind of light guide of radiation detector, such as Fig. 3, it is characterized in that: upper surface is the plane S1 of one piece of entirety, lower surface
The plane S2 that is separated by M*N and its between inverted V-shaped surface S3 form, upper surface and inverted V-shaped top distance D1, inverted V-shaped folder
Angle is θ, is highly D2, side is made of vertical surface S4 and inclined-plane S5.
S1 is area matched with scintillator arrays light gasing surface；The photoelectric converter unit of discrete arrangement forms array, light
Electric transducer is arranged by M*N, and the sensitive area of each photoelectric converter unit is matched with S2.After S1 and S2 are determined, a and b's
Value determines that a, b, θ, D1, D2 need to meet the constraint relationship:
0<D1≤a；
1<θ≤120° 0<θ≤120°
A is the cross section bottom side length of described shape unit, and b is that the cross section upper bottom edge of described shape unit is long, photoelectricity
Distance between the sensitive area of converter is a-b, and the board area of fixed photoelectric converter is consistent with S1 area.Such as Fig. 4.
Scintillator arrays, light guide and photoelectric converter array form detector.
Such as Fig. 5, light guide upper surface S1 coupled scintillation body, lower surface S2 couples photoelectric converter, photoelectric converter it is sensitive
Area is discontinuous.
Upper surface and inverted V-shaped top distance D1 are used to provide the distribution of light, and the light for issuing each pixel scintillator passes through
This beam splitter layer is assigned to multiple photoelectric converters, and the power of number of photons is received by calculating each photoelectric converter in an example
Re-computation scintillator pixels position, calculation formula are
Wherein X, Y are the X-coordinate value and Y-coordinate value of ray incidence example energy deposition position in detector, kn、kmFor
N-th column and m line position set weight factor when calculating, and Cmn is the unit for being located at m row n-th in M*N photoelectric converter array and arranging
Obtained scintillation light subnumber or equivalence value, A, B are constant.
In view of the requirement of position resolution in practical application, the angle theta value of each row and each column V-groove may be different.For example,
Photoelectric converter array is M*N, and the angle of light guide V-groove is respectively θij(0 < i < M-1,0 < j < N-1), for the side for enhancing detector
Edge position resolution, a kind of embodiment be the V-groove θ value of outmost turns it is equal be θ1, remaining V-groove θ value is θ2, θ1<
θ2。
The P*Q array that the scintillator arrays of light guide upper surface coupling are made of the scintillator that pixel size is a, Ke Yigen
According to needing for array to be made into arbitrary dimension, separated between crystal with high reflecting material.Plane S1 and lower plane area ratio are big on light guide
In 1, in (1, ∞) section, this value is bigger, i.e. the flashing bulk area that can detect of unit area photoelectric converter is bigger, and cost is got over
It is low, this value and angle, θ can be determined according to practical application request.
Side applies high reflecting material and increases light collection rate, according to the size of scintillator arrays, S1 and array sizes and shape
Matching, S2 are coupled with discrete photoelectric converter, and the sensitive area of photoelectric converter and small end face S2 are area matched, are less than large end face
Area.The material of light guide can be quartz or K9 glass or other materials transparent to special wavelength light.
Alterable form:
It (1) is the spatial resolving power of enhancing marginal position, the upper surface of the light guide pixel unit of outmost turns can be than in
Between light guide pixel unit upper surface area it is small, in the case, it is different from the height of S5 to will cause D2.
It (2) is the resolution capability for reinforcing specific region, the inverted V-shaped angle between different row or column can be identical or different.
(3) M=N；M≠N.
(4) S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 surface treatment are coarse or polishing.
(5) surface S3, S4, S5 covers reflective layer.
(6) light guide material is the material transparent to specific band light wave such as quartz, K9 glass, organic glass.
(7) S1, S2 are rectangle；S1, S2 are other shapes.
(8) photoelectric converter can be PMT, PD, APD, SiPM etc..
In conclusion the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, being not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of light guide of radiation detector, which is characterized in that the light-transmitting plate including the effect of light splitting together, on the light-transmitting plate
Surface S1 is light guide input terminal, which is equipped with a shape array structure, constitutes the platform of this shape array structure
Shape unit bottom surface is connect with light-transmitting plate, and upper bottom surface S2 is light guide output end, and upper bottom surface S2 area is less than bottom surface；Its
In, the angle formed between the side or side extended surface of adjacent described shape unit is θ；Wherein 0 < θ≤120 °, described shape
The angle formed between the side of the adjacent described shape unit of outmost turns in array structure is θ1, remaining adjacent described shape unit
Side between the angle that is formed be θ2, and θ1<θ2。
2. light guide as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the folder formed between the side of all adjacent described shape units
Angle is θ；Or do not go together in described shape array structure or the side of the adjacent described shape unit of different lines between formed
Angle it is different.
3. light guide as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the light-transmitting plate with a thickness of D1, described shape unit
Height is D2, wherein 0 < D1≤a,A is the cross section bottom side length of described shape unit, and b is described
The cross section upper bottom edge of platform shape unit is long.
4. the light guide as described in claims 1 to 3 is any, which is characterized in that described shape unit is positive truncated rectangular pyramids or rectangle
Truncated rectangular pyramids or rotary table；High reflecting material is applied in the side of described shape unit.
5. a kind of light guide preparation method of radiation detector, the steps include:
1) light guide material therefor is processed into cuboid；The cuboid height is D1+D2；
2) two groups are processed on a bottom surface of the cuboid is mutually perpendicular to distribution and depth for the V-groove of D2, below the V-groove
For the light-transmitting plate with a thickness of D1；
3) the height D2 lateral parts for being prepared with V-groove to the cuboid process inclined-plane S5, thus the bottom surface obtain one by
The platform shape array structure that multiple shape units are constituted；Wherein, the adjacent described shape unit of outmost turns in described shape array structure
Side between the angle that is formed be θ1, the angle formed between the side of remaining adjacent described shape unit is θ2, and θ1<θ2。
6. a kind of light guide preparation method of radiation detector the steps include: that preparing one first corresponds to light as described in claim 1
Then the casting die of guide structure prepares light guide using the casting die.
7. such as method described in claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the side of adjacent described shape unit or side extended surface
Between the angle that is formed be θ；The light-transmitting plate with a thickness of D1, the height of described shape unit is D2, wherein 0 < θ≤
120 °, 0 < D1≤a,A is the cross section bottom side length of described shape unit, and b is described shape unit
Cross section upper bottom edge is long.
8. a kind of radiation detector, which is characterized in that including a light guide, scintillator arrays and sensor array, wherein the light
The light-transmitting plate including the effect of light splitting together is led, which is light guide input terminal, the light-transmitting plate lower surface
Equipped with a shape array structure, the platform shape unit bottom surface for constituting this shape array structure is connect with light-transmitting plate, upper bottom surface S2
For light guide output end, and upper bottom surface S2 area is less than bottom surface；The scintillator arrays are coupled with the light guide input terminal, the biography
The coupling corresponding with the light guide output end of sensor array；Wherein, between the side or side extended surface of adjacent described shape unit
The angle of formation is θ；Wherein 0 < θ≤120 °, in described shape array structure the side of the adjacent described shape unit of outmost turns it
Between the angle that is formed be θ1, the angle formed between the side of remaining adjacent described shape unit is θ2, and θ1<θ2。
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| CN109765603A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-17 | 苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司 | A kind of light guide and nuclear detector |
| CN110764182B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-03-02 | 江苏赛诺格兰医疗科技有限公司 | Light guide manufacturing method for scintillator detector |
| CN111999758A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-11-27 | 北京滨松光子技术股份有限公司 | MPPC-based small-sized beta detector for particulate matter monitoring |
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| CN102890285A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-23 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Radiation imaging scintillation detection device employing special light transmitter |
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| CN104049270A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-09-17 | 沈阳东软医疗系统有限公司 | Light guide, method for manufacturing light guide and radiation detector |
| CN104422950A (en) * | 2013-09-08 | 2015-03-18 | 苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司 | Array crystal module and machining method thereof |
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| US20010040219A1 (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2001-11-15 | Cherry Simon R. | Apparatus and method for breast cancer imaging |
| CN103185914A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-03 | 通用电气公司 | Light guide assembly for a radiation detector |
| CN102890285A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-23 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Radiation imaging scintillation detection device employing special light transmitter |
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