CN106480279B - One kind improves high nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar surface corrosion-resistant and loses anti abrasive method - Google Patents
One kind improves high nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar surface corrosion-resistant and loses anti abrasive method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106480279B CN106480279B CN201611234817.0A CN201611234817A CN106480279B CN 106480279 B CN106480279 B CN 106480279B CN 201611234817 A CN201611234817 A CN 201611234817A CN 106480279 B CN106480279 B CN 106480279B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
High nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar surface corrosion-resistant, which is improved, the present invention relates to one kind loses anti abrasive method, this method belongs to the surface engineering technology of this special dimension, it uses the special deformation method in surface and deforms the control of yardstick, then areal deformation tissue and original austenite grains refinement are made by hot-working, it is advantageous that, existing oil exploitation is significantly improved with non magnetic drill collar surface corrosion resistance, extend the service life of drilling tool.Moreover, the method used is workable, production cost is low, and improves the cost performance of non magnetic drill collar.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Surface Engineering field of material science, it is stainless without magnetic austenitic with high nitrogen to be related to oil exploitation industry
The stone oil drill collar of steel making, improve a kind of processing method of surface corrosion-resistant erosion and surface abrasion resistance damage.
Background technology
The core component that oil exploitation non magnetic drill collar belongs in oil tool, at present both at home and abroad generally using high nitrogen without magnetic
Austenite stainless steel making.The remarkable stone oil drill collar majority of performance is entered by developed countries such as America and Europes in terms of material and process technology
Row monopolization and control.Such as the non magnetic drill collar of Carpenter Technology Corporation manufacturers of U.S. production, institute
With high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, its nitrogen content can reach 0.9wt%, have high intensity, highly corrosion resistant, and product average price is
220000 yuans/ton.At present, high performance stone oil drill collar China still relies on import.And our domestic oil steel for drill collar
Nitrogen content is only (0.47-0.6) wt%, and properties of product gap is larger, and price is relatively also much lower, and average price is 100,000 yuan of people
People's coin/ton or so.In the production technology of stone oil drill collar, last procedure is typically that surface carries out bead, to improve table
Surface intensity strengthens wearability.But peened surface strengthening layer finite thickness, for improving wearability under long term wear situation
Be it is limited, it is bigger the problem of be after shot-peening, to reduce the surface corrosion resistance of material.The operating mode of stone oil drill collar is underground
A kind of abrasion of strong corrosion, often first corrode and wears afterwards, meanwhile, the abrasion generation that also boosting is corroded, both phase interactions
With being only the basic reason for causing material surface initial failure.Undoubtedly improve intensity of the nitrogen content in steel for lifting material
It is very effective approach with corrosion resistance and service life.If the surface shot blasting process to discard tradition, is changed to the present invention
Surface Treatment Engineering technology, can greatly improve the existing service life of stone oil drill collar, and use method technique can grasp
The property made is strong, simple, production cost is low.The material that the present invention implements to use is the patent using Patent No. 200810050792.8
A kind of nitrogenous high nitrogen of 0.87wt% that reaches of technology production is without magnetic austenitic stainless steel, after being handled by the inventive method, its table
Face anticorrosive anti-wear performance exceedes the level of Imported High-performance stone oil drill collar.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to provide a kind of high nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar surface corrosion-resistant that improves to lose anti abrasive method, the party
Method processing step is simple so that processed high nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar surface erosion resistance can be improved up to an order of magnitude, simultaneously
Wear resistance and service life are also significantly increased.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：One kind improves high nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar surface corrosion-resistant and loses anti abrasive side
Method, this method comprise the following steps：
Step 1: material selection and processing：The selection of material be high nitrogen without magnetic austenitic stainless steel, it is difficult to understand without magnetic to above-mentioned high nitrogen
Family name's body stainless steel material carries out hot forging working process, and its hot forging heating-up temperature is 1000-1200 DEG C, soaking time 2-5h, is opened
Beginning forging temperature is 1100-1160 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 800-1000 DEG C, and water cooling is used after forging, and bar A is obtained after forging.
Step 2: surface deformation is handled：Using obtained bar A in step 1, four tups are uniformly distributed (such as using ring-type
Shown in Fig. 1) tilt the surface deformation processing method suppressed bar A is carried out surface deformation processing (bar A rotary speeies are slow,
It is uniformly distributed the tup scope of attack), the bar B of surface deformation is made, the wherein temperature of material deformation process is 25-650 DEG C, hammer
The head oblique angle that leans outward is 10-45 ° (as shown in Figure 2), and tup hitting power is 1200-1800N, and surface deformation yardstick is that surface is centripetal
Portion layer depth 2-20mm, deformation amount controlling is in the range of 50-80%.
Step 3: heat treatment：After completing areal deformation processing, heat treatment furnace temperature is raised to 750-1000 DEG C, then will step
The bar B of obtained surface deformation enters stove in rapid two, after again to after 1000 DEG C, being incubated 0.5-5h, cooling of then coming out of the stove, use
The cooling velocity of cooling medium control cooling, makes material chilling temperature be analysed higher than nitrogen to control in the range of 150-200 DEG C/min
Go out 950 DEG C of critical chilling temperature, separated out with restraining the nitride being heat-treated in cooling procedure, it is wear-resistant to produce surface corrosion-resistant erosion
High nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar material.
The present invention has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention improves the anti abrasive technical barrier of surface corrosion-resistant erosion to solve stone oil drill collar, and its key is to make material
Material surface original austenite grains and tissue realize fine.Generally, high nitrogen bores without magnetic austenitic stainless steel in manufacture
In production technology engineering quickly, hot processing temperature is under the condition of high temperature all the time, and nitride starts Precipitation Temperature and is generally 950
DEG C, therefore, the adverse effect to material property being separated out for control nitrogen, hot processing temperature finishing temperature is all controlled on 950 DEG C,
Then rapid cooling, to restrain the precipitation of the nitride in cooling or insulating process.It is to make steel to bring the problem of unconquerable therewith
Original austenite grains it is thick, improve the contaminated degree of crystal boundary, cause corrosion resistance to decline.
2nd, the present invention limits the processing method of yardstick large deformation using surface, causes storage foot in material surface deformation range
Enough straiies energy of distortion, crystal grain refinement is set to prepare for subsequent Technology for Heating Processing.Yardstick control is deformed in the range of 2-20mm, deformation
The process used is uniformly distributed four tups inclination progress surface for ring-type and suppresses deformation, can also use surface ring mould
Pressing method forces areal deformation.When suppressing progress areal deformation using tup, to reduce the resistance of deformation of vertical direction, it is necessary to
Using the method for the outward-dipping loading of tup, inclination angle is controlled between 10-45 °, and this is that control is different according under permanent load
What the demand of surface layer depth deformation determined.After the completion for the treatment of areal deformation, the test and observation of surface deformation tissue are carried out, it is desirable to
Deform in the range of yardstick, its Deformation structure is uniform, and deformation skid wire is intensive, and it is twin that a large amount of deformation are produced in microscopic structure
Crystalline substance, deformation twin yardstick is between 20-100nm.
3rd, the present invention coordinates the Technology for Heating Processing under special parameter using areal deformation, could realize that top layer processes yardstick model
Enclose interior crystal grain refinement.For that purpose it is necessary to during invention is tested, the heat treatment temperature model that can cause grain ultrafining is tested out
Enclose.Experiment determines that heating-up temperature section is 750-1000 DEG C, for the material of different nitrogen contents, can be selected in this temperature range
Different heating-up temperatures.In order that areal deformation machined layer obtains ultra-fine original austenite grains degree and the tissue of refinement, palpus
Using specific soaking time.Equally, for the material of different nitrogen contents, its soaking time is also fixed.Otherwise, can because when
Between it is long cause crystal grain to be grown up, be roughened original austenite grains, or because the time is short, cause the survival of Deformation structure, both are right
In improving, surface property is all unfavorable.The optimal heating and thermal insulation time of respective material is only controlled, preferably recrystallization could be obtained,
Cause the abundant refinement of machined layer original austenite grains.Therefore, the heating-up temperature and soaking time that the present invention limits are completely full
Process parameters range of the sufficient different nitrogen contents without magnetic austenitic stainless steel.Outside this technological parameter, without operability.
4th, present invention experiment determines cooling technique, i.e. cooling velocity is limited in the range of 150-200 DEG C/min, by quick
Cooling, is prevented in annealing process, the precipitation of top layer nitride.After being handled by the present invention, hot forging is set (to start forging temperature
1120 DEG C, 950 DEG C of final forging temperature) solution treatment (1140 DEG C of solid solution temperature) afterwards or after forging high nitrogen without magnetic austenitic not
Become rusty steel (stone oil drill collar) blank material, by original thick 150-240 μm of the original austenite grains degree in top layer, becomes ultra-fine 3-
5 μm of original austenite grains degree, surface hardness bring up to 34-37HRC, in downhole corrosion environment by original 28-29HRC
In, corrosion resistance, which improves, reaches an order of magnitude.Anticorrosive and wear resistance significantly improves, and has and significantly improves drill collar use
The effect in life-span.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that ring-type of the present invention is uniformly distributed four tups and forges diagrammatic cross-sectional view.
Fig. 2 is the rotation puopulsion equipment longitudinal section sketch that the present invention uses.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The selection of material of embodiment 1 is that the high nitrogen of 0Cr21Mn17MoNbN0.9 is without magnetic austenitic stainless steel, its chemical composition：
Grade of steel：0Cr21Mn17MoNbN0.9, (wt%)
Test material weight 740kg, cylindrical ingot, a diameter of 300mm of sectional dimension.Hot forging heating-up temperature is 1160 DEG C,
Soaking time is 3h.It is 1120 DEG C to start forging temperature, and final forging temperature is 960 DEG C, and water cooling is used after forging, straight for section after forging
Footpath is 150mm bar A.
As shown in accompanying drawing 1,2：Using this bar A, employ ring-type and be uniformly distributed the surface deformation that the inclination of four tups is suppressed
Method, rotation puopulsion equipment is clamped in bar A ends, slowly rotated bar A forward with reference to forging frequency and forging area
Promote, it is ensured that bar A surfaces are forged the bar B that surface deformation is uniformly made, and material deformation temperature is 340 DEG C, and tup is outside
Inclination angle is 15 °, and tup hitting power is 1400N, and surface deformation scale surface is to center portion layer depth 5mm.
After completing areal deformation, heat treatment furnace temperature is raised to 1000 DEG C, the bar of surface deformation is then entered into stove (heat treatment
Stove is box type gas stove).After temperature is arrived again, 1h is incubated, cooling of then coming out of the stove, uses the cooling velocity of cooling medium as 180
DEG C/min, control cooling, the critical chilling temperature for making material chilling temperature separate out 950 DEG C higher than nitrogen, to restrain heat treatment cooling
During nitride separate out.After being handled by the above method, after tested, original austenite grains are averaged 155 μm by original,
Refine to average 3.5 μm, be purified crystal boundary in material surface deformation yardstick, surface strength significantly improves, surface hardness by
29HRC originally brings up to 37HRC, and under 3.5mol/LNaCl concentration, 50 DEG C of salt air corrosion environment, corrosion rate is only
0.00016mg/h。
Embodiment 2
The selection of material of embodiment 1 is that the high nitrogen of 0Cr18Mn17MoNbN0.85 is without magnetic austenitic stainless steel, its chemical composition：
Grade of steel：0Cr18Mn18MoNbN0.85, (wt%)
Test material weight 740kg, cylindrical ingot, a diameter of 300mm of sectional dimension.Hot forging heating-up temperature is 1120 DEG C,
Soaking time is 4h.It is 990 DEG C to start forging temperature, and final forging temperature is 910 DEG C, and water cooling is used after forging, straight for section after forging
Footpath is 150mm bar A.
As shown in accompanying drawing 1,2：Using this bar A, employ ring-type and be uniformly distributed the surface deformation that the inclination of four tups is suppressed
Method, rotation puopulsion equipment is clamped in bar A ends, slowly rotated bar A forward with reference to forging frequency and forging area
Promote, it is ensured that bar A surfaces are forged the bar B that surface deformation is uniformly made, and material deformation temperature is 220 DEG C, and tup is outside
Inclination angle is 35 °, and tup hitting power is 1300N, and surface deformation scale surface is to center portion layer depth 3.5mm.
After completing areal deformation, heat treatment furnace temperature is raised to 900 DEG C, the bar of surface deformation is then entered into stove (heat treatment
Stove is box type gas stove).After again to after 900 DEG C, being incubated 2h, cooling of then coming out of the stove, use the cooling velocity of cooling medium for
190 DEG C/min, control cooling, make the critical chilling temperature of 950 DEG C higher than nitrogen precipitation of material chilling temperature, it is cold to restrain heat treatment
But the nitride during separates out.After being handled by the above method, after tested, original austenite grains are by original average 160 μ
M, averagely 4.2 μm are refine to, be purified crystal boundary in material surface deformation yardstick, surface strength significantly improves, surface hardness
36HRC is brought up to by original 27HRC, under 3.5mol/LNaCl concentration, 50 DEG C of salt air corrosion environment, corrosion rate is only
0.00019mg/h。
Claims (4)
1. one kind, which improves high nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar surface corrosion-resistant, loses anti abrasive method, it is characterised in that：This method includes following
Step：
Step 1: material selection and processing：The selection of material be high nitrogen without magnetic austenitic stainless steel, to above-mentioned high nitrogen without magnetic austenitic
Stainless steel material carries out hot forging working process, and its hot forging heating-up temperature is 1000-1200 DEG C, soaking time 2-5h, starts to forge
Temperature is made as 1100-1160 DEG C, final forging temperature is 800-1000 DEG C, and water cooling is used after forging, and bar A is obtained after forging；
Step 2: surface deformation is handled：Using obtained bar A in step 1, the inclination of four tups is uniformly distributed using ring-type and beaten
The surface deformation processing method of pressure carries out surface deformation processing to bar A, and bar A rotary speeies are slow, make the tup scope of attack equal
Even distribution, the bar B of surface deformation is made, the wherein temperature of material deformation process is 25-650 DEG C, and the tup oblique angle that leans outward is
10-45 °, tup hitting power is 1200-1800N, and surface deformation yardstick is that surface exists to center portion layer depth 2-20mm, deformation amount controlling
In the range of 50-80%；
Step 3: heat treatment：After completing areal deformation processing, heat treatment furnace temperature is raised to 750-1000 DEG C, then by step 2
In the bar B of obtained surface deformation enter stove, after to after 1000 DEG C, being incubated 0.5-5h, cooling of then coming out of the stove, using cooling again
The cooling velocity of medium control cooling, makes material chilling temperature be separated out higher than nitrogen to control in the range of 150-200 DEG C/min
950 DEG C of critical chilling temperature, separated out with restraining the nitride being heat-treated in cooling procedure, it is anti abrasive to produce surface corrosion-resistant erosion
High nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar material.
2. a kind of high nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar surface corrosion-resistant that improves according to claim 1 loses anti abrasive method, its feature
It is：Material weight 740kg, cylindrical ingot, a diameter of 300mm of sectional dimension in step 1；It is 150mm that diameter of section is obtained after forging
Bar A.
3. a kind of high nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar surface corrosion-resistant that improves according to claim 1 loses anti abrasive method, its feature
It is：High nitrogen is without magnetic austenitic stainless steel chemical composition described in step 1：Cr content is 17-22wt%, Mn content
Content for 16-19wt%, Mo is that 1-3wt%, N content are 0.7-1.0wt%, surplus Fe.
4. a kind of high nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar surface corrosion-resistant that improves according to claim 1 loses anti abrasive method, its feature
It is：The surface corrosion-resistant obtained in step 3 loses original autstenitic grain size in anti abrasive high nitrogen steel stone oil drill collar material and is averaged
2-5 μm, surface hardness 30-40HRC, under 3.5mol/LNaCl concentration, 50 DEG C of salt air corrosion environment, corrosion rate is
0.0001-0.0003mg/h。
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| JP3300500B2 (en) * | 1993-10-12 | 2002-07-08 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for producing hot forging steel excellent in fatigue strength, yield strength and machinability |
| CN1186471C (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Ultrapurification high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and its preparation method |
| JP2004137599A (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-05-13 | Nano Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Superhard, tough nanocrystal austenitic steel bulk material having excellent corrosion resistance, and production method therefor |
| JP5162954B2 (en) * | 2007-05-06 | 2013-03-13 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | High-strength nonmagnetic stainless steel, high-strength nonmagnetic stainless steel parts, and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN101311290A (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2008-11-26 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Nonmagnetic Strength-toughen stainless steel and method for manufacturing same |
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| CN100532609C (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-08-26 | 长春工业大学 | A kind of manufacturing method of high-nitrogen nickel-free austenitic stainless steel |
| JP5009438B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2012-08-22 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Cutting method for machine structural steel |
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| EP2746419A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-25 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Bainitic steel for rock drilling component |
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