CN106480129A - 一种纳米纤维素的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种纳米纤维素的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种纳米纤维素的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)碱纤维素的制备:用碱处理工艺脱除纸浆中的半纤维素;(2)机械研磨碱纤维素,得到微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品;(3)酶水解制备纳米纤维素:用纤维素酶水解微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品;(4)酶解后处理:对纤维素酶灭活5min,过滤酶水解的产物,即得到纳米纤维素。本发明将酶水解和机械法结合起来制备纳米纤维素,操作简单,反应比较温和,能耗低、耗水量小,具有环境友好性,产物易分离,制备的纳米纤维素直径分布在30‑60nm,分布较均匀,长径比较大。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纳米材料的制备领域,具体涉及一种纳米纤维素的制备方法。
背景技术
纤维素是自然界中储量最为丰富的天然高分子化合物,具有成本低、可再生和可生物降解等优良特性。随着纳米技术的发展,从生物质材料中分离纳米纤维素,制备纳米级别的纤维素材料,与传统的纤维素材料相比具有比表面积大、强度高、热稳定性好等优点。此外,纳米纤维素表面暴露出更多的羟基和还原性端基可使纤维素表面接枝化学官能团改性,这为其替代传统合成高分子提供了可能,使其更广泛地应用于生物医学、制药以及功能材料等领域。
纳米纤维素常见制备方法有化学法、机械法、生物法、人工合成法、静电纺织法和酶处理法。酸解法制备纳米纤维素使用腐蚀性强的硫酸水解纤维素,水解剧烈,对环境影响大,而且酸解法制备纳米纤维素得率低、耗水量大,且对反应设备要求较高。机械法制备纳米纤维素耗能大,能源有效利用率较低。因此,开发出纳米纤维素新的高效、环境友好、可控、低能耗的制备方法极为重要。
发明内容
本发明提供一种纳米纤维素的制备方法,能耗低、耗水量小,具有环境友好性。
一种纳米纤维素的制备方法,是通过酶处理结合机械法制备纳米纤维素的,具体方法如下:
(1)碱纤维素的制备:用碱处理工艺脱除纸浆中的半纤维素,质量分数8%的氢氧化钠溶液,与脱除木质素的纤维原料混合,反应后真空抽滤洗涤至pH=7,真空抽滤后,将所得固体放入烘箱干燥12 h,即得到碱纤维素;
(2)机械研磨碱纤维素:称取10 g步骤(1)得到的碱纤维素加入到1 000 mL蒸馏水中,常温浸泡24 h后,经过研磨机进行研磨处理,研磨次数为15次,即得微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品;
(3)酶水解制备纳米纤维素:取24g微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品与纤维素酶在pH=4.8柠檬酸缓冲液中混合均匀,固液比1:50,在水浴振荡器中反应,反应温度50℃,振幅80,酶解时间为24 h;
(4)酶解后处理:在100℃的水浴中,对纤维素酶灭活5min,过滤酶水解的产物,即得到纳米纤维素。
步骤(1)中,氢氧化钠溶液与纤维原料的固液比为1:30。
步骤(3)中,纤维素酶的加酶量为30 u/g底物,底物为微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品。
本发明的优点:
本发明将酶水解和机械法结合起来制备纳米纤维素,操作简单,反应比较温和,能耗低、耗水量小,具有环境友好性,产物易分离,制备的纳米纤维素直径分布在30-60nm,分布较均匀,长径比较大。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种纳米纤维素的制备方法,是通过酶处理结合机械法制备纳米纤维素的,具体方法如下:
(1)碱纤维素的制备:用碱处理工艺脱除纸浆中的半纤维素,质量分数8%的氢氧化钠溶液,与脱除木质素的纤维原料混合,反应后真空抽滤洗涤至pH=7,真空抽滤后,将所得固体放入烘箱干燥12 h,即得到碱纤维素;
(2)机械研磨碱纤维素:称取10 g步骤(1)得到的碱纤维素加入到1 000 mL蒸馏水中,常温浸泡24 h后,经过研磨机进行研磨处理,研磨次数为15次,即得微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品;
(3)酶水解制备纳米纤维素:取24g微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品与纤维素酶在pH=4.8柠檬酸缓冲液中混合均匀,固液比1:50,在水浴振荡器中反应,反应温度50℃,振幅80,酶解时间为24 h;
(4)酶解后处理:在100℃的水浴中,对纤维素酶灭活5min,过滤酶水解的产物,即得到纳米纤维素。
步骤(1)中,氢氧化钠溶液与纤维原料的固液比为1:30。
步骤(3)中,纤维素酶的加酶量为30 u/g底物,底物为微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品。
Claims (3)
1.一种纳米纤维素的制备方法,其特征在于:是通过酶处理结合机械法制备纳米纤维素的,具体方法如下:
(1)碱纤维素的制备:用碱处理工艺脱除纸浆中的半纤维素,质量分数8%的氢氧化钠溶液,与脱除木质素的纤维原料混合,反应后真空抽滤洗涤至pH=7,真空抽滤后,将所得固体放入烘箱干燥12 h,即得到碱纤维素;
(2)机械研磨碱纤维素:称取10 g步骤(1)得到的碱纤维素加入到1 000 mL蒸馏水中,常温浸泡24 h后,经过研磨机进行研磨处理,研磨次数为15次,即得微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品;
(3)酶水解制备纳米纤维素:取24g微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品与纤维素酶在pH=4.8柠檬酸缓冲液中混合均匀,固液比1:50,在水浴振荡器中反应,反应温度50℃,振幅80,酶解时间为24 h;
(4)酶解后处理:在100℃的水浴中,对纤维素酶灭活5min,过滤酶水解的产物,即得到纳米纤维素。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米纤维素的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,氢氧化钠溶液与纤维原料的固液比为1:30。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米纤维素的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,纤维素酶的加酶量为30 u/g底物,底物为微纤化纤维素的悬浮样品。
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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SE1751305A1 (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-21 | Stora Enso Oyj | A method for producing a film having good barrier properties and a film having good barrier properties |
CN110863385A (zh) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-06 | 广西科技师范学院 | 高浓度微纤化纤维素分散液的制备方法 |
WO2021237382A1 (zh) * | 2020-05-23 | 2021-12-02 | 海门茂发美术图案设计有限公司 | 一种制备制备竹浆纳米纤维素的方法 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE1751305A1 (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-21 | Stora Enso Oyj | A method for producing a film having good barrier properties and a film having good barrier properties |
US11795280B2 (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2023-10-24 | Stora Enso Oyj | Method for producing a film having good barrier properties and a film having good barrier properties |
CN110863385A (zh) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-06 | 广西科技师范学院 | 高浓度微纤化纤维素分散液的制备方法 |
WO2021237382A1 (zh) * | 2020-05-23 | 2021-12-02 | 海门茂发美术图案设计有限公司 | 一种制备制备竹浆纳米纤维素的方法 |
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