CN106450557B - The method of the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece - Google Patents
The method of the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN106450557B CN106450557B CN201611081418.5A CN201611081418A CN106450557B CN 106450557 B CN106450557 B CN 106450557B CN 201611081418 A CN201611081418 A CN 201611081418A CN 106450557 B CN106450557 B CN 106450557B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention provides the methods of a kind of simply and efficiently positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece.The method of the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece according to the present invention, it is characterized in that, including following process: mixed processes, by positive plate, relationship is mixed according to a certain percentage with porous material, porous material is the microballoon that aperture is less than 20nm, partial size is less than 1um, obtains mixture；Calcination process by mixture at 700 ~ 800 DEG C, calcines 2 ~ 8h under inert gas protection；Process is sieved, calcined mixture is cooled to room temperature, is then sieved, is the microballoon containing aluminium for having adsorbed aluminium less than 3um, remaining is positive electrode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to resource circulation utilization fields, and in particular to a kind of positive electrode of separating waste, worn anode on piece
With the method for aluminium.
Technical background
In the battery, positive plate is usually to be made of positive electrode, aluminum foil current collector and binder, in anode pole piece,
Positive electrode is formed as its core, and containing strategic scarce resource-lithium, cobalt etc., its cost accounts for about 40% left side of entire battery
It is right.In addition, aluminium also has biggish recovery value as valuable metal.Therefore, positive plate in old and useless battery is separated, from
And being recycled respectively to positive electrode and aluminium has great strategic significance for reducing cost and alleviating resource consumption.
The method of current common separating waste, worn cell positive material includes high temperature method and liquid phase method.Wherein high temperature method is due to behaviour
Make it is simple, being readily produced and as mainstream.Conventional high temperature method is that positive plate is heated to 300-500 DEG C under air conditions,
So that binder is decomposed inactivation, so that it is lost adhesive property, be then dispersed in water positive plate, ultrasound or stir process, i.e.,
Positive electrode can be made to fall off from aluminium foil, so that reaching separation positive electrode goes out purpose.
But after high-temperature process, aluminium foil can be oxidized, and become aluminium oxide, it is difficult to carry out higher value application.In addition, separation
Also it can remain partial oxidation aluminium in obtained positive electrode, since this aluminium oxide is α-Al2O3, acid-fast alkali-proof not can be removed,
As the impurity in positive electrode, to the higher value application of positive electrode, certain difficulty can be also manufactured.
Another separation method, liquid phase method mainly uses organic solvent to be partly dissolved the binder in pole piece, to make
Positive electrode falls off from aluminium foil.Since organic solvent is at high cost, pollution is big, is unfavorable for large-scale application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to carry out to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of simply and efficiently separating waste, worn
The method of the positive electrode and aluminium of anode on piece.
The present invention to achieve the goals above, uses following scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of method of the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece, which is characterized in that packet
Following process: mixed processes is included, relationship mixes according to a certain percentage with porous material by positive plate, and porous material is less than for aperture
20nm, partial size are less than the microballoon of 1um, obtain mixture；Calcination process, under inert gas protection, by mixture 700~
800 DEG C, calcine 2~8h；Process is sieved, calcined mixture is cooled to room temperature, is then sieved, is less than 3um
The microballoon containing aluminium of aluminium is adsorbed, remaining is positive electrode.
Further, the positive electrode of separating waste, worn anode on piece provided by the invention and the method for aluminium can also have
There are following characteristics: in mixed processes, proportionate relationship are as follows: aluminum amount: pore volume × aluminium density < 1:1 of porous material, i.e.,
Pore volume × aluminium density > aluminum amount of porous material.
Further, the positive electrode of separating waste, worn anode on piece provided by the invention and the method for aluminium can also have
Have following characteristics: in mixed processes, microballoon is hollow microsphere, mesoporous microsphere, any one in micropore microballoon, the material of microballoon
Expect for any one in calcium carbonate, carbon, silicon, silica.
Further, the positive electrode of separating waste, worn anode on piece provided by the invention and the method for aluminium can also have
Have following characteristics: in mixed processes, the material of microballoon is carbon, silicon, any one in silica, and separating waste, worn battery is just
The method of positive electrode and aluminium on pole piece further include: aluminium and microballoon separation process impregnate microballoon containing aluminium using sulfuric acid, then mistake
Filter, solid are the microballoon without aluminium, and filtrate is aluminum sulfate solution.
Further, the positive electrode of separating waste, worn anode on piece provided by the invention and the method for aluminium can also have
There are following characteristics: where in mixed processes, positive plate is first to be cut into fritter, is then mixed again with porous material.
Further, the positive electrode of separating waste, worn anode on piece provided by the invention and the method for aluminium can also have
There are following characteristics: in mixed processes, is mixed to positive plate with porous material using ball mill mixing device.
Further, the positive electrode of separating waste, worn anode on piece provided by the invention and the method for aluminium can also have
There are following characteristics: being by mixture at 700~750 DEG C in calcination process, calcines 6~8h.It calcines under this condition, aluminium is inhaled
Attached effect is best.
Further, the positive electrode of separating waste, worn anode on piece provided by the invention and the method for aluminium can also have
Have following characteristics: in calcination process, heating rate is no more than 10 DEG C/min.
Further, the positive electrode of separating waste, worn anode on piece provided by the invention and the method for aluminium can also have
There are following characteristics: in screening process, being sieved using gas flow sizing machine.
The action and effect of invention
The method of the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece provided by the invention, is inhaled using porous material
The aluminium of attached molten condition, under an inert atmosphere, the aluminium foil in material can melt, and become liquid aluminium, porous micro- in mixing material
Ball can effectively adsorb liquid material due to stronger hole adsorption capacity, so that liquid aluminium and solid-state positive electrode be separated.Liquid
Material concentrates on inside microballoon, and positive electrode and microballoon containing aluminium can be obtained outside microballoon, then through screening in solid-state material,
The positive electrode simply and efficiently separated and aluminium are achieved the purpose that.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing to the positive electrode of separating waste, worn anode on piece of the present invention and the method for aluminium
Specific embodiment is described in detail.
The model section crystalline substance single temperature zone open-type vacuum tube furnace GSL-1200X of the tube furnace used in following embodiment.
Also, the gas of tube furnace discharge can be handled by exhaust gas processing device, and hydroxide is generally equipped in exhaust gas processing device
Sodium solution.
Further, it is possible to adjust protective gas by the speed of the bubble for the gas outlet discharge for controlling exhaust gas processing device
Flow velocity.
In addition, the model section strength current classifier FW20 of gas flow sizing machine used in the examples, Cut size D97 are
2~45um, power 10Kw select minimum particle separation diameter for 3 μm.
In addition, positive plate used in embodiment is obtained after disassembling in old and useless battery；Porous material can be
It directly buys, is also possible to oneself synthesis.
<embodiment one>
As shown in Figure 1, the method for the positive electrode and aluminium for the separating waste, worn anode on piece that the present embodiment one provides, packet
Include following process:
Mixed processes (P1):
Positive plate is shredded as the fragment of 1cm size, then by positive plate and porous material according to a certain percentage relationship into
Row mixing so that in positive plate aluminium quality: pore volume × aluminium density=1:2 of porous material；
In the present embodiment one, positive electrode on positive plate is cobalt acid lithium, the porous material used for mesoporous carbosphere,
The average grain diameter of the microballoon is 500nm, aperture 11nm, pore volume 1.037m3/g；The mixing arrangement used is ball milling mixing
After device can mix more uniform in this way, and aluminium melts, adsorption effect also can be more preferable.
Calcination process (P2):
Mixture is placed in tube furnace, under nitrogen protection, 700 DEG C is warming up to according to 10 DEG C/min speed, then protects
Temperature calcining 8h, so that aluminium foil is melt into liquid aluminium and is absorbed by mesoporous carbosphere, and makes binder pyrolytic, cobalt acid lithium material
Material still maintains solid-state；
It sieves process (P3):
Calcined mixture is cooled to room temperature, is then sieved using gas flow sizing machine, is absorption less than 3um
The mesoporous carbosphere containing aluminium of aluminium, remaining is lithium cobaltate cathode material；
The separation process of microballoon containing aluminium (P4):
The mesoporous carbosphere containing aluminium is impregnated using sulfuric acid, is then filtered, solid is the microballoon without aluminium, and the microballoon is recyclable to be made
With filtrate is aluminum sulfate solution.
The removal rate of aluminium reaches 95.2% in the positive electrode collected in the present embodiment one, the yield of aluminium (relative to
For aluminium foil in former positive plate) 99.2% can be reached.In addition, remaining aluminium in positive electrode, can with acid solution or
Then aqueous slkali dissolution removal carries out subsequent benefit lithium processing so that the positive electrode to recycling is repaired again and realizes circulation
It utilizes.
<embodiment two>
As shown in Figure 1, the method for the positive electrode and aluminium for the separating waste, worn anode on piece that the present embodiment two provides, packet
Include following process:
Mixed processes (P1):
Positive plate is shredded as the fragment of 0.3cm size, then by positive plate and porous material according to the proportionate relationship into
Row mixing: the quality of aluminium in positive plate: pore volume × aluminium density=1:3 of porous material；
In the present embodiment two, the positive electrode on positive plate is LiMn2O4, and the porous material used is micropore carbosphere
(Cabot BP2000), the average grain diameter of the microballoon are 15nm, aperture 0.88nm, pore volume 2.42m3/g；What is used is mixed
It attaches together and is set to ball mill mixing device, can mix more uniform in this way, and after aluminium thawing, adsorption effect also can be more preferable.
Calcination process (P2):
Mixture is placed in tube furnace, under protection of argon gas, 750 DEG C is warming up to according to 5 DEG C/min speed, then keeps the temperature
6h is calcined, so that aluminium foil is melt into liquid aluminium and is absorbed by micropore carbosphere BP2000, and makes binder pyrolytic, mangaic acid
Lithium material still maintains solid-state；
It sieves process (P3):
Calcined mixture is cooled to room temperature, is then sieved using gas flow sizing machine, is absorption less than 3um
The carbosphere of micropore containing aluminium of aluminium, remaining is manganate cathode material for lithium；
The separation process of microballoon containing aluminium (P4):
The carbosphere of micropore containing aluminium is impregnated using sulfuric acid, is then filtered, solid is the microballoon without aluminium, and the microballoon is recyclable to be made
With filtrate is aluminum sulfate solution.
The removal rate of aluminium reaches 98.3% in the positive electrode collected in the present embodiment two, and the yield of aluminium can reach
99.1%.In addition, remaining aluminium in positive electrode, can use acid solution or aqueous slkali dissolution removal, then carry out again subsequent
Benefit lithium processing, so that the positive electrode to recycling is repaired, realization is recycled.
<embodiment three>
As shown in Figure 1, the method for the positive electrode and aluminium for the separating waste, worn anode on piece that the present embodiment three provides, packet
Include following process:
Mixed processes (P1):
Positive plate is shredded as the fragment of 0.5cm size, then by positive plate and porous material according to the proportionate relationship into
Row mixing: the quality of aluminium in positive plate: pore volume × aluminium density=1:4 of porous material；
In the present embodiment three, the positive electrode on positive plate is LiFePO4, and the porous material used is mesoporous carbonic acid
Calcium microballoon, the partial size of the microballoon are 1um, aperture 15nm, pore volume 1.235m3/g；The mixing arrangement used is mixed for ball milling
It attaches together and sets, can mix more uniform in this way, and after aluminium thawing, adsorption effect also can be more preferable.
Calcination process (P2):
Mixture is placed in tube furnace, under nitrogen protection, 800 DEG C is warming up to according to 10 DEG C/min speed, then protects
Temperature calcining 4h, so that aluminium foil is melt into liquid aluminium and is absorbed by mesoporous calcium carbonate microspheres, and makes binder pyrolytic, phosphoric acid
Iron lithium material still maintains solid-state；
It sieves process (P3):
Calcined mixture is cooled to room temperature, is then sieved using gas flow sizing machine, is absorption less than 3um
The mesoporous calcium carbonate microspheres containing aluminium of aluminium, remaining is lithium cobaltate cathode material；
The separation process of microballoon containing aluminium (P4):
The mesoporous calcium carbonate microspheres containing aluminium are impregnated using ammonium chloride solution, are then filtered, solid is metallic aluminium, and filtrate is chlorination
Ammonium-calcium carbonate soln.
The removal rate of aluminium reaches 96.2% in the positive electrode collected in the present embodiment three, and the yield of aluminium can reach
99.3%.In addition, remaining aluminium in positive electrode, can use acid solution or aqueous slkali dissolution removal, then carry out again subsequent
Benefit lithium processing, so that the positive electrode to recycling is repaired, realization is recycled.
<example IV>
As shown in Figure 1, the method for the positive electrode and aluminium for the separating waste, worn anode on piece that the present embodiment four provides, packet
Include following process:
Mixed processes (P1):
Positive plate is shredded as the fragment of 0.5cm size, then by positive plate and porous material according to the proportionate relationship into
Row mixing: the quality of aluminium in positive plate: pore volume × aluminium density=1:4 of porous material；
In the present embodiment four, positive electrode on positive plate is nickle cobalt lithium manganate, and the porous material used is mesoporous two
Silicon oxide microsphere, the average grain diameter of the microballoon are 800nm, aperture 10nm, pore volume 1.107m3/g；The mixing of use fills
It is set to ball mill mixing device, can mix more uniform in this way, and after aluminium thawing, adsorption effect also can be more preferable.
Calcination process (P2):
Mixture is placed in tube furnace, under nitrogen protection, 750 DEG C is warming up to according to 10 DEG C/min speed, then protects
Temperature calcining 2h, so that aluminium foil is melt into liquid aluminium and is absorbed by mesoporous silicon dioxide micro-sphere, and makes binder pyrolytic, nickel
Cobalt lithium manganate material still maintains solid-state；
It sieves process (P3):
Calcined mixture is cooled to room temperature, is then sieved using gas flow sizing machine, is absorption less than 3um
The mesoporous silicon dioxide micro-sphere of aluminium, remaining is nickel-cobalt lithium manganate cathode material；
The separation process of microballoon containing aluminium (P4):
Mesoporous silicon dioxide micro-sphere containing aluminium is impregnated using sulfuric acid, is then filtered, solid is the microballoon without aluminium, which can
It is recycled, filtrate is aluminum sulfate solution.
The removal rate of aluminium reaches 96.7% in the positive electrode collected in the present embodiment four, and the yield of aluminium can reach
99.0%.In addition, remaining aluminium in positive electrode, can use acid solution or aqueous slkali dissolution removal, then carry out again subsequent
Benefit lithium processing, so that the positive electrode to recycling is repaired, realization is recycled.
Above embodiments are only the illustration done to technical solution of the present invention.Separating waste, worn according to the present invention
The positive electrode of anode on piece and the method for aluminium are not merely defined in described content in the embodiment above, but
It is defined by the scope defined by the claims..Those skilled in the art of the invention are done any on the basis of the embodiment
Modify or supplement or equivalence replacement, all in claim range claimed of the invention.
In the above-described embodiments, the Kong Yue that microballoon quantity is more, pore volume is bigger, is distributed in surface is more, absorbs the effect of aluminium
Fruit is better, that is to say, that the quality of aluminium: pore volume × aluminium density=X of porous material, ratio X is the smaller the better, but this compares
After example reaches 1:3, continue to reduce, assimilation effect is promoted little.
In the above-described embodiments, it is only enumerated the example of the separation method of the positive plate of several different positive electrodes, this
The separation method of invention can be adapted for all positive plates using aluminium foil as collector, and the positive electrode on positive plate can be with
It is LiFePO4, cobalt acid lithium, LiMn2O4, ternary material etc..
In addition, the porous material that separation method of the invention uses be also not necessarily limited to enumerate in above-described embodiment it is several,
It is ok as long as chemical property is stable in calcination temperature range, particle is smaller, is capable of the porous material of Al adsorption.
In addition, in the above-described embodiments, all it is first positive plate to be cut small and then again mixed with porous material, in this way may be used
So that positive plate mixed with porous material it is more uniform.It, can also in order to reduce treatment process in separation method of the invention
Directly positive plate is mixed with porous material with not shearing, is also feasible although mixed effect is not best.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece, which is characterized in that including following process:
Mixed processes,
By positive plate, relationship is mixed according to a certain percentage with porous material, and the porous material is that aperture is small less than 20nm, partial size
In the microballoon of 1um, mixture is obtained；
Calcination process,
Under inert gas protection, by the mixture at 700~800 DEG C, 2~8h is calcined；
Process is sieved,
Calcined mixture is cooled to room temperature, is then sieved, is the microballoon containing aluminium for having adsorbed aluminium less than 3um,
Remaining is positive electrode,
Wherein, if in positive plate described in A=aluminium quality, pore volume × aluminium density of porous material described in B=, described mixed
It closes in process, the proportionate relationship is A:B < 1:1.
2. the method for the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, in the mixed processes, the proportionate relationship is A:B=1:3.
3. the method for the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, in the mixed processes, the microballoon is hollow microsphere, mesoporous microsphere, any one in micropore microballoon,
The material of the microballoon is calcium carbonate, carbon, silicon, any one in silica.
4. the method for the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, in the mixed processes, the material of the microballoon is carbon, silicon, any one in silica,
The method of the positive electrode and aluminium of the separating waste, worn anode on piece further include:
The separation process of microballoon containing aluminium impregnates the microballoon containing aluminium using sulfuric acid, then filters, and solid is described micro- without aluminium
Ball, filtrate are aluminum sulfate solution.
5. the method for the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, in the mixed processes, the positive plate is first to be cut into fritter, is then mixed again with porous material.
6. the method for the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It wherein, is to be carried out using ball mill mixing device to the positive plate and the porous material in the mixed processes
Mixing.
7. the method for the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, it is by the mixture at 700~750 DEG C in the calcination process, calcines 6~8h.
8. the method for the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, in the calcination process, heating rate is no more than 10 DEG C/min.
9. the method for the positive electrode and aluminium of separating waste, worn anode on piece according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, in the screening process, the screening is carried out using gas flow sizing machine.
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| CN107008729A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-08-04 | 中科过程（北京）科技有限公司 | A kind of method of waste and old lithium ion battery roasting sorting |
| CN111411233B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-09-14 | 安徽元琛环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for separating waste lithium battery positive electrode material and current collector by vacuum aluminum evaporation |
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| CN1320285A (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2001-10-31 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Lithium secondary cell and device |
| CN102208706A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-10-05 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Recycling and regenerating treatment method for waste lithium iron phosphate battery positive electrode material |
| CN103219561A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-24 | 四川天齐锂业股份有限公司 | Method for recovering lithium manganate battery anode material |
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| CN103794832A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-05-14 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Recovery method of positive active material in lithium ion battery waste material |
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| CN1320285A (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2001-10-31 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Lithium secondary cell and device |
| CN102208706A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-10-05 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Recycling and regenerating treatment method for waste lithium iron phosphate battery positive electrode material |
| CN103219561A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-24 | 四川天齐锂业股份有限公司 | Method for recovering lithium manganate battery anode material |
| CN104183887A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-03 | 天津理工大学 | Green method for dismantling, separation and recovery of waste LiCoO2 battery |
| CN105112711A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-12-02 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method for spherical alloy material for 3D printing |
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