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CN106431368A - 防水墙砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

防水墙砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106431368A
CN106431368A CN201610806012.2A CN201610806012A CN106431368A CN 106431368 A CN106431368 A CN 106431368A CN 201610806012 A CN201610806012 A CN 201610806012A CN 106431368 A CN106431368 A CN 106431368A
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倪伟
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Anhui Jinsheng Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防水墙砖的制备方法,该方法包括:(1)将长石、钢渣、滑石粉、岩土、水泥混合并研磨,接着过筛制得基料;(2)将松香胺、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯酸、纤维素、丙烯酸树脂、增稠剂和乳化硅油混合制得助剂;(3)将助剂加入基料中,并加水混合制得料浆;(4)对模具进行涂油处理;(5)将料浆倒入经涂油处理后的模具、接着煅烧、冷却、脱模制得防水墙砖;其中,煅烧的步骤为:首先,自20‑30℃以9.5‑10.5℃/min的升温速率升温至580‑620℃,并于580‑620℃下保温1h;接着以4‑6℃/min的升温速率升温至980‑1020℃,并于980‑1020℃下保温1h。通过该方法制得的防水墙砖兼具防水和防滑特性。

Description

防水墙砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及墙砖,具体涉及防水墙砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
墙砖作为一种建筑材料适用于洗手间、厨房、室外阳台等的防护与立面装饰。贴墙砖是保护墙面的有效途径。墙砖由于具有优异的机械力学性能而广泛用于墙面,地面等用来保护内墙体。此外,墙砖由于可以通过添加各种化学助剂来获得多彩的颜色,而具有装饰作用。常见的有用于踢脚线处的装饰墙砖等,既美观又保护墙基不受污染。根据墙砖的不同用途,对其性能有不同的要求,用于水池和浴室的墙砖则既要美观又要兼具防水和防滑的特性。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供条件温和、操作简单的防水墙砖的制备方法。
本发明的另一目的是提供由上述方法制备而成的兼具防水和防滑特性,能够用于水池、浴室的防水墙砖。
本发明提供的防水墙砖的制备方法包括:(1)将长石、钢渣、滑石粉、岩土、水泥混合并研磨,接着过筛制得基料;(2)将松香胺、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯酸、纤维素、丙烯酸树脂、增稠剂和乳化硅油混合制得助剂;(3)将助剂加入基料中,并加水混合制得料浆;(4)对模具进行涂油处理;(5)将料浆倒入经涂油处理后的模具、接着煅烧、冷却、脱模制得防水墙砖;其中,煅烧的步骤为:首先,自20-30℃以9.5-10.5℃/min的升温速率升温至580-620℃,并于580-620℃下保温1h;接着以4-6℃/min的升温速率升温至980-1020℃,并于980-1020℃下保温1h。
在上述制备方法的步骤(1)中,各物料的具体用量比可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为进一步提高所制得墙砖的强度,优选地,以重量份计,相对于100份长石,钢渣的用量为30-40份,滑石粉的用量为5-10份,岩土的用量为20-30份、水泥的用量为30-40份。
在上述制备方法的步骤(1)中,筛网的目数可以在宽的范围内选择,为提高所制得墙砖的强度,优选地,筛网的目数为150-200目。
在上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,聚氯乙烯的分子量可以在宽的范围内选择,同样为提高所制得墙砖的强度,优选地,聚氯乙烯的重均分子量为7万-8万。
在上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,增稠剂的具体种类可以在宽的范围内选择,从成本上考虑,优选地,增稠剂为甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠和聚丙烯酰胺中的一种或多种。
在上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,各物料的具体用量比可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为增大所制得墙砖的摩擦系数,优选地,以重量份计,相对于10份乳化硅油,松香胺的用量为5-10份,聚氯乙烯的用量为1-5份,聚丙烯酸的用量为10-15份,纤维素的用量为1-5份,丙烯酸树脂的用量为10-20份,增稠剂的用量为1-3份。
在上述制备方法的步骤(3)中,助剂、基料和水的配比可以在宽的范围内选择,为提高所制得墙砖的韧性,同时从成本和效果上考虑,优选地,助剂、基料和水的重量比为1:80-100:50-60。
本发明还提供了防水墙砖,该墙砖是通过上述的方法制备而成。
通过上述技术方案,本发明通过先将长石、钢渣、滑石粉、岩土、水泥混合并研磨,接着过筛制得基料,同时将松香胺、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯酸、纤维素、丙烯酸树脂、增稠剂和乳化硅油混合制得助剂;接着将助剂加入基料中,并加水混合制得料浆,然后对模具进行涂油处理,最后将料浆倒入经涂油处理后的模具、接着煅烧、冷却、脱模制得防水墙砖。在此过程中,助剂的添加能够提高所制得墙砖的韧性、强度和摩擦系数,助剂和料浆的相互作用能够使所制得的墙砖具有防滑和防水的特性,而涂油处理则有利于后续的脱模处理,同时能够提高墙砖的强度,最后的分段煅烧能够进一步提高所制得墙砖的耐磨性,达到耐磨的效果。该方法为一种成本低廉、条件温和、绿色环保和操作简单的方法。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。
实施例1
(1)以重量份计,将100份长石、30份钢渣、5份滑石粉、20份岩土、35份水泥混合并研磨,接着经目数为160目的筛网过筛制得基料;
(2)以重量份计,将5份松香胺、1份重均分子量为7万的聚氯乙烯、11份聚丙烯酸、1份纤维素、12份丙烯酸树脂、1份甲基纤维素和10份乳化硅油混合制得助剂;
(3)将1重量份助剂加入82重量份基料中,并加60重量份水混合制得料浆;
(4)对模具进行涂油处理;
(5)将所述料浆倒入经涂油处理后的所述模具、接着煅烧、冷却、脱模制得防水墙砖A1。
其中,所述煅烧的步骤为:首先,自22℃以10℃/min的升温速率升温至600℃,并于600℃下保温1h;接着以5℃/min的升温速率升温至1000℃,并于1000℃下保温1h。
实施例2
(1)以重量份计,将100份长石、30份钢渣、5份滑石粉、20份岩土、35份水泥混合并研磨,接着经目数为160目的筛网过筛制得基料;
(2)以重量份计,将9份松香胺、5份重均分子量为8万的聚氯乙烯、15份聚丙烯酸、5份纤维素、18份丙烯酸树脂、3份羟丙基甲基纤维素和10份乳化硅油混合制得助剂;
(3)将1重量份助剂加入95重量份基料中,并加58重量份水混合制得料浆;
(4)对模具进行涂油处理;
(5)将所述料浆倒入经涂油处理后的所述模具、接着煅烧、冷却、脱模制得防水墙砖A2。
首先,自28℃以10℃/min的升温速率升温至620℃,并于620℃下保温1h;接着以5℃/min的升温速率升温至1020℃,并于1020℃下保温1h。
实施例3
(1)以重量份计,将100份长石、30份钢渣、5份滑石粉、20份岩土、35份水泥混合并研磨,接着经目数为160目的筛网过筛制得基料;
(2)以重量份计,将7份松香胺、3份重均分子量为7.5万的聚氯乙烯、12份聚丙烯酸、3份纤维素、15份丙烯酸树脂、2份羧甲基纤维素钠和10份乳化硅油混合制得助剂;
(3)将1重量份助剂加入90重量份基料中,并加55重量份水混合制得料浆;
(4)对模具进行涂油处理;
(5)将所述料浆倒入经涂油处理后的所述模具、接着煅烧、冷却、脱模制得防水墙砖A3。
首先,自25℃以10℃/min的升温速率升温至600℃,并于600℃下保温1h;接着以5℃/min的升温速率升温至1000℃,并于1000℃下保温1h。
对比例1
按照实施例1的方法进行制得墙砖B1,所不同的是,步骤(3)中未加入助剂。
检测例1
将上述实施例和对比例制得的墙砖置于压强为0.3MPa的水下,保持10分钟,做不透水实验,观察有无渗漏现象,具体结果见表1。
检测例2
将上述实施例和对比例制得的墙砖进行摩擦系数的检测,具体结果见表1。
表1
A1 A2 A3 B1
不透水实验 无渗漏 无渗漏 无渗漏 渗漏
摩擦系数 0.48 0.50 0.48 0.2
通过上述检测例可知,上述实施例所制备的墙砖具有不透水的特性,能够起到防水的作用,且摩擦系数较大。通过上述实施例的检测结果得知,本发明提供的防水墙砖兼具防水和防滑特性。此外,从本发明的制备过程可以看出,本发明提供的防水墙砖的制备方法条件温和,操作简单。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合,为了避免不必要的重复,本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外,本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本发明的思想,其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims (8)

1.一种防水墙砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
(1)将长石、钢渣、滑石粉、岩土、水泥混合并研磨,接着过筛制得基料;
(2)将松香胺、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯酸、纤维素、丙烯酸树脂、增稠剂和乳化硅油混合制得助剂;
(3)将所述助剂加入所述基料中,并加水混合制得料浆;
(4)对模具进行涂油处理;
(5)将所述料浆倒入经涂油处理后的所述模具、接着煅烧、冷却、脱模制得防水墙砖;
其中,所述煅烧的步骤为:首先,自20-30℃以9.5-10.5℃/min的升温速率升温至580-620℃,并于580-620℃下保温1h;接着以4-6℃/min的升温速率升温至980-1020℃,并于980-1020℃下保温1h。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤(1)中,以重量份计,相对于100份所述长石,所述钢渣的用量为30-40份,所述滑石粉的用量为5-10份,所述岩土的用量为20-30份,所述水泥的用量为30-40份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤(1)中,所述筛网的目数为150-200目。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤(2)中,所述聚氯乙烯的重均分子量为7万-8万。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤(2)中,所述增稠剂为甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠和聚丙烯酰胺中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤(2)中,以重量份计,相对于10份所述乳化硅油,所述松香胺的用量为5-10份,所述聚氯乙烯的用量为1-5份,所述聚丙烯酸的用量为10-15份,所述纤维素的用量为1-5份,所述丙烯酸树脂的用量为10-20份,所述增稠剂的用量为1-3份。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤(3)中,所述助剂、基料和水的重量比为1:80-100:50-60。
8.一种防水墙砖,其特征在于,所述墙砖通过权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的方法制备而成。
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