CN106405464B - A Method for Generating Traceable Arbitrary Waveform Analog Power Signals - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电力设备检测技术领域，具体涉及一种产生可溯源的任意波形模拟功率信号的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment detection, in particular to a method for generating a traceable arbitrary waveform analog power signal.
背景技术Background technique
随着城市建设和电力系统的不断发展，智能电表得到越来越广泛的应用，智能电表的性能好坏将直接影响变电站及电力传输线路的正常运行，故在正式投入使用前需要对智能电表进行检定以保证其性能。目前对智能电能表基本误差的检定，通常有标准表法和标准源法两种，而不管采用哪种方法，其规定的参比条件都是在比较理想的正弦信号的情况下进行检定。但智能电表实际的运行工况为动态负荷，参比条件为正弦信号并不能完全模拟智能电表真实的运行工况，如果要考虑其动态负荷特性，首先需要能够产生任意波形的模拟功率源，同时，如果进一步对智能电表的基本误差进行评定，则该功率源还必须为可溯源的。With the continuous development of urban construction and power system, smart meters are more and more widely used. The performance of smart meters will directly affect the normal operation of substations and power transmission lines. Check to ensure its performance. At present, there are two methods to verify the basic error of smart energy meters, namely the standard meter method and the standard source method. No matter which method is used, the specified reference conditions are verified under the condition of a relatively ideal sinusoidal signal. However, the actual operating condition of the smart meter is dynamic load, and the reference condition is a sinusoidal signal, which cannot fully simulate the real operating conditions of the smart meter. , if the basic error of the smart meter is further evaluated, the power source must also be traceable.
当前的功率源一种是标准功率源，能产生标准的正弦信号，可溯源；另一种是标准谐波功率源，能产生标准的谐波信号，可溯源；还有一种是能产生任意波形的功率源，但是无法溯源。上述功率源均无法满足既能产生任意波形信号、又可溯源的要求。One of the current power sources is a standard power source, which can generate a standard sinusoidal signal, which can be traced to the source; the other is a standard harmonic power source, which can generate a standard harmonic signal and can be traced to the source; the other is an arbitrary waveform that can be generated. power source, but cannot be traced. None of the above power sources can meet the requirements of being able to generate arbitrary waveform signals and be traceable.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明所要解决的技术问题是功率源既能产生任意波形信号，又可溯源，目的在于提供一种产生可溯源的任意波形模拟功率信号的方法，能够产生可溯源、任意波形的模拟功率信号，该信号作为输入信号接入智能电表，可以完全模拟智能电表真实的运行工况，对智能电表的基本误差进行评定，有利于了解智能电表的真实性能。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the power source can not only generate arbitrary waveform signals, but also traceable to the source. The signal is connected to the smart meter as an input signal, which can completely simulate the real operating conditions of the smart meter, evaluate the basic error of the smart meter, and help to understand the real performance of the smart meter.
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种产生可溯源的任意波形模拟功率信号的方法，包括如下步骤：A method for generating a traceable arbitrary waveform analog power signal, comprising the following steps:
A、接入任意波形，对接入波形进行分析，获得直流信号、基波信号及谐波信号；A. Access arbitrary waveforms, analyze the access waveforms, and obtain DC signals, fundamental signals and harmonic signals;
B、将直流信号、基波信号和谐波信号同步输入各自对应的模拟功率源，模拟功率源将数字量信号转换为模拟量信号输出，其中，直流信号输入直流模拟功率源，基波信号输入基波模拟功率源，谐波信号具体的，N次谐波信号输入第N-1谐波模拟功率源，其中N为大于等于2的正整数；B. Simultaneously input the DC signal, fundamental signal and harmonic signal into the corresponding analog power source, the analog power source converts the digital signal into an analog signal for output, wherein the DC signal is input into the DC analog power source, and the fundamental signal is input The fundamental wave analog power source, the harmonic signal is specific, the Nth harmonic signal is input to the N-1th harmonic analog power source, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
C、将每个模拟功率源输出的模拟电压信号串联，获得任意波形模拟电压；将每个模拟功率源输出的模拟电流信号并联，获得任意波形模拟电流；C. Connect the analog voltage signals output by each analog power source in series to obtain an arbitrary waveform analog voltage; connect the analog current signals output by each analog power source in parallel to obtain an arbitrary waveform analog current;
D、将每个模拟功率源输出的模拟电压信号和模拟电流信号接入各自对应的标准功率表，获得每个模拟功率源的功率值。D. Connect the analog voltage signal and analog current signal output by each analog power source to the corresponding standard power meter to obtain the power value of each analog power source.
特别地，所述步骤A中对接入波形采用傅里叶分解进行分析。In particular, in the step A, Fourier decomposition is used to analyze the access waveform.
特别地，所述步骤A中接入的任意波形可以是IEC国际电工标准中提到的典型波形、通过输入函数产生的波形以及变电站实际运行中电网的典型负荷波形中的任一种。In particular, the arbitrary waveform connected in the step A may be any one of the typical waveform mentioned in the IEC international electrotechnical standard, the waveform generated by the input function, and the typical load waveform of the power grid in the actual operation of the substation.
特别地，所述步骤B中N为小于等于30的正整数。Particularly, in the step B, N is a positive integer less than or equal to 30.
特别地，所述步骤C中各模拟功率源输出的模拟电压信号之间相互绝缘隔离。In particular, in the step C, the analog voltage signals output by the analog power sources are isolated from each other.
特别地，所述步骤C中各模拟功率源输出的模拟电流信号之间相互绝缘隔离。In particular, in the step C, the analog current signals output by the analog power sources are isolated from each other.
特别地，所述一种产生可溯源的任意波形模拟功率信号的方法还包括步骤E，将每个模拟功率源的功率值相加，获得功率源标准功率值。In particular, the method for generating a traceable arbitrary waveform analog power signal further includes step E, adding the power values of each analog power source to obtain a standard power value of the power source.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下的优点和有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
本发明所述一种产生可溯源的任意波形模拟功率信号的方法，能够产生可溯源、任意波形的模拟功率信号，该信号作为输入信号接入智能电表，可以完全模拟智能电表真实的运行工况，对智能电表的基本误差进行评定，有利于了解智能电表的真实性能。The method for generating a traceable arbitrary waveform analog power signal according to the present invention can generate a traceable, arbitrary waveform analog power signal, and the signal is connected to a smart meter as an input signal, which can completely simulate the real operating conditions of the smart meter , to evaluate the basic error of the smart meter, which is helpful to understand the real performance of the smart meter.
附图说明Description of drawings
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，并不构成对本发明实施例的限定。在附图中：The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, and constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute limitations to the embodiments of the present invention. In the attached image:
图1为本发明实施例1提供的产生可溯源的任意波形模拟功率信号的方法流程图。FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for generating a traceable arbitrary waveform analog power signal according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明，本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明，并不作为对本发明的限定。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. limited.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例中，产生可溯源的任意波形模拟功率信号的方法具体包括：In this embodiment, the method for generating a traceable arbitrary waveform analog power signal specifically includes:
S101、接入任意波形，对接入波形进行分析，获得直流信号、基波信号及谐波信号；S101. Access an arbitrary waveform, analyze the access waveform, and obtain a DC signal, a fundamental wave signal and a harmonic signal;
接入任意波形，该波形可以是IEC国际电工标准中提到的典型波形或通过输入函数公式产生的波形或变电站实际运行中电网的典型负荷波形等，采用傅里叶分解对接入的任意波形进行分析，分解后的信号包括直流信号、基波信号及谐波信号，其中谐波信号包括二次谐波、三次谐波、四次谐波……直至N次谐波，N为大于等于2的正整数。所述傅里叶分解公式为：Access arbitrary waveforms, which can be typical waveforms mentioned in IEC International Electrotechnical Standards or waveforms generated by inputting function formulas or typical load waveforms of power grids in actual operation of substations, etc. Fourier decomposition is used to analyze the access arbitrary waveforms After analysis, the decomposed signal includes DC signal, fundamental wave signal and harmonic signal, wherein the harmonic signal includes second harmonic, third harmonic, fourth harmonic... until N harmonic, N is greater than or equal to 2 positive integer of . The Fourier decomposition formula is:
其中，即分解后获得的直流分量，n＝1为基波分量，n＝2为2次谐波分量，以此类推，n＝N为N次谐波分量。in, That is, for the DC component obtained after decomposition, n=1 is the fundamental wave component, n=2 is the 2nd harmonic component, and so on, n=N is the Nth harmonic component.
S102、将直流信号、基波信号和谐波信号同步输入各自对应的模拟功率源，模拟功率源将数字量信号转换为模拟量信号并进行放大后输出；S102, synchronously input the DC signal, the fundamental wave signal and the harmonic signal to the corresponding analog power source, and the analog power source converts the digital signal into an analog signal and amplifies it and outputs it;
在同步信号的控制下，将直流信号输入直流模拟功率源，基波信号输入基波模拟功率源，2次谐波信号输入第一谐波模拟功率源，3次谐波信号输入第二谐波模拟功率源，4次谐波信号输入第三谐波模拟功率源……以此类推，N次谐波信号输入第N-1谐波模拟功率源。直流信号、基波信号及谐波信号均为数字量信号，每个模拟功率源将各自输入的数字量信号转换为相应的模拟量信号并进行放大后输出。本实施例中，N取值为大于等于2小于等于30的正整数。需要说明的是，N随对电表检定精度及成本要求的变化做适当调整，可选用超过30的正整数，随着N取值的增大，则对电表的检定精度越高，相应地成本越高。反之，N值越小，则电表的检定精度及相应地成本越低。Under the control of the synchronization signal, input the DC signal into the DC analog power source, the fundamental wave signal into the fundamental wave analog power source, the second harmonic signal into the first harmonic analog power source, and the third harmonic signal into the second harmonic The analog power source, the 4th harmonic signal is input to the third harmonic analog power source... and so on, the Nth harmonic signal is input to the N-1th harmonic analog power source. The DC signal, fundamental wave signal and harmonic signal are all digital signals. Each analog power source converts the digital signal input by itself into a corresponding analog signal and amplifies it and outputs it. In this embodiment, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 30. It should be noted that N is appropriately adjusted with the change of the verification accuracy and cost requirements of the electric meter, and a positive integer over 30 can be selected. As the value of N increases, the higher the verification accuracy of the electric meter, the higher the corresponding cost. high. Conversely, the smaller the N value, the lower the verification accuracy of the meter and the corresponding cost.
S103、将每个模拟功率源输出的模拟电压信号串联，获得任意波形模拟电压；将每个模拟功率源输出的模拟电流信号并联，获得任意波形模拟电流；S103. Connect the analog voltage signals output by each analog power source in series to obtain an arbitrary waveform analog voltage; connect the analog current signals output by each analog power source in parallel to obtain an arbitrary waveform analog current;
模拟功率源输出的模拟量信号包括模拟电压信号和模拟电流信号，其中，各模拟功率源输出的模拟电压信号之间没有电气关系，也没有电位关系，互相绝缘隔离，将每个模拟功率源输出的模拟电压信号串联，通过串联的方法实现交直流的混合，获得任意波形模拟电压；各模拟功率源输出的模拟电流信号之间同样没有电气关系，也没有电位关系，互相绝缘隔离，将每个模拟功率源输出的模拟电流信号并联，通过并联的方法实现交直流的混合，获得任意波形模拟电流。The analog signals output by the analog power source include analog voltage signals and analog current signals. Among them, the analog voltage signals output by each analog power source have no electrical relationship or potential relationship, and are isolated from each other. Each analog power source outputs The analog voltage signals are connected in series, and AC and DC are mixed in series to obtain an arbitrary waveform analog voltage; the analog current signals output by each analog power source also have no electrical relationship or potential relationship, and are isolated from each other. The analog current signal output by the analog power source is connected in parallel, and the mixture of AC and DC is realized by the method of parallel connection, and the arbitrary waveform analog current is obtained.
S104、将每个模拟功率源输出的模拟电压信号和模拟电流信号接入各自对应的标准功率表，获得每个模拟功率源的功率值。S104, connect the analog voltage signal and the analog current signal output by each analog power source to the corresponding standard power meter to obtain the power value of each analog power source.
将直流模拟功率源输出的模拟量电压信号及模拟量电流信号输入直流功率表，获得直流模拟功率源的功率值，并在功率表上进行显示；将基波模拟功率源输出的模拟量电压信号及模拟量电流信号输入基波功率表，获得基波模拟功率源的功率值，并在功率表上进行显示；将第一谐波模拟功率源输出的模拟量电压信号及模拟量电流信号输入第一谐波功率表，获得第一谐波模拟功率源的功率值，并在功率表上进行显示；将第二谐波模拟功率源输出的模拟量电压信号及模拟量电流信号输入第二谐波功率表，获得第二谐波模拟功率源的功率值，并在功率表上进行显示……以此类推，第N-1谐波模拟功率源输出的模拟量电压信号及模拟量电流信号输入第N-1谐波功率表，获得第N-1谐波模拟功率源的功率值，并在功率表上进行显示。Input the analog voltage signal and analog current signal output by the DC analog power source into the DC power meter to obtain the power value of the DC analog power source and display it on the power meter; input the analog voltage signal output by the fundamental analog power source Input the fundamental wave power meter and the analog current signal to obtain the power value of the fundamental wave analog power source and display it on the power meter; input the analog voltage signal and analog current signal output by the first harmonic analog power source into the first harmonic A harmonic power meter, obtain the power value of the first harmonic analog power source, and display it on the power meter; input the analog voltage signal and analog current signal output by the second harmonic analog power source into the second harmonic Power meter, obtain the power value of the second harmonic analog power source, and display it on the power meter... And so on, the analog voltage signal and analog current signal output by the N-1 harmonic analog power source are input to the first N-1 harmonic power meter, obtain the power value of the N-1 harmonic analog power source, and display it on the power meter.
S105、将每个模拟功率源的功率值相加，获得功率源标准功率值。S105. Add the power values of each analog power source to obtain a standard power value of the power source.
将直流模拟功率源、基波模拟功率源、第一谐波模拟功率源、第二谐波模拟功率源……第N-1谐波模拟功率源的功率值相加，获得功率源标准功率值。Add the power values of the DC analog power source, the fundamental wave analog power source, the first harmonic analog power source, the second harmonic analog power source...the N-1th harmonic analog power source to obtain the standard power value of the power source .
溯源指将物理量追溯到一个基本物理量纲上，具有国家基准。可溯源功率源的准确度等级可评定，可对智能电表的基本误差进行检测，作为标准装置使用。但现有的功率源直接对接入波形进行D/A转换和放大后输出模拟功率信号，当接入波形为单一波形，如单一的50Hz正弦信号，则输出的模拟功率信号外接功率表，因标准功率表是通过国家检定的，其显示的值就是一个标准值，故可以实现可溯源；而当接入波形为任意波时，同样经D/A转换和放大后输出的模拟功率信号外接功率表，但功率表显示标准值的前提是接入信号为单一波形，对于接入信号为任意波形时，其显示的值并非真正的标准值，则当接入任意波形时，功率源不能实现真正的可溯源，其准确度等级无法评定。本实施例将接入信号分解成单一的直流、基波、谐波信号后分别进行D/A转换和放大后再接入标准功率表，则可产生可溯源的任意波形模拟功率信号。Traceability refers to tracing physical quantities back to a basic physical dimension, with national benchmarks. The accuracy level of the traceable power source can be assessed, and the basic error of the smart meter can be detected and used as a standard device. However, the existing power source directly D/A converts and amplifies the access waveform and outputs an analog power signal. When the access waveform is a single waveform, such as a single 50Hz sine signal, the output analog power signal is connected to an external power meter. The standard power meter is certified by the state, and the displayed value is a standard value, so the source can be traced; and when the access waveform is an arbitrary wave, the analog power signal output after D/A conversion and amplification is also external power However, the premise of the power meter displaying the standard value is that the access signal is a single waveform. When the access signal is an arbitrary waveform, the displayed value is not the real standard value. When an arbitrary waveform is connected, the power source cannot of traceability, the accuracy level of which cannot be assessed. In this embodiment, the access signal is decomposed into single DC, fundamental, and harmonic signals, and then D/A conversion and amplification are performed respectively, and then connected to a standard power meter, so that a traceable arbitrary waveform analog power signal can be generated.
本发明的技术方案通过傅里叶分解，将接入的任意波信号分解为直流、基波和谐波三类信号，通过各自对应的模拟功率源将每类信号分别转换为对应的模拟量电压信号和模拟量电流信号，取每类信号的模拟量电压信号串联获得任意波形模拟电压，取每类信号的模拟量电流信号并联获得任意波形模拟电流，从而实现了产生任意波形的模拟功率信号。同时，每类信号的模拟量电压信号和模拟量电流信号接入对应的功率表，获得每类信号的功率值，从而实现了产生可溯源的任意波形的模拟功率信号。所述可溯源的任意波形的模拟功率信号作为输入信号接入智能电表，可以完全模拟智能电表真实的运行工况，对智能电表的基本误差进行评定，有利于了解智能电表的真实性能。The technical scheme of the present invention decomposes the incoming arbitrary wave signal into three types of signals of direct current, fundamental wave and harmonic through Fourier decomposition, and converts each type of signal into corresponding analog voltage through the corresponding analog power source. Signal and analog current signal, take the analog voltage signal of each type of signal in series to obtain the arbitrary waveform analog voltage, and take the analog current signal of each type of signal in parallel to obtain the arbitrary waveform analog current, thus realizing the generation of the arbitrary waveform analog power signal. At the same time, the analog voltage signal and analog current signal of each type of signal are connected to the corresponding power meter to obtain the power value of each type of signal, thereby realizing the generation of traceable arbitrary waveform analog power signals. The traceable arbitrary waveform analog power signal is connected to the smart meter as an input signal, which can completely simulate the real operating conditions of the smart meter, evaluate the basic error of the smart meter, and help to understand the real performance of the smart meter.
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above further describe the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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